Closing an Open Dumpsite and Shifting - International ...

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16 HOURS IV. DURATION V. TOPICS FOR PRESENTATION 1. The Waste Decomposition Process and its By-products 2. Land Disposal Practices 3. Upgrading an Open Dumpsite to a Controlled Dump 4. Upgrading a Controlled Dump to a Sanitary Landfill 5. The Cost of Waste Disposal 6. Public Participation 1. Lectures and Discussions 2. Slide/Video Show 3. Sharing of Experiences 4. Case Studies 5. Practical Exercises 6. Field visits 7. Mentoring VI. SUGGESTED METHODS VII. THE WASTE DECOMPOSITION PROCESS AND ITS BY-PRODUCTS Please refer to Chapter VII in Part 1 for a full discussion of this topic. VIII. UPGRADING OF AN OPEN DUMPSITE TO A CONTROLLED DUMP As described in Section D of Chapter VIII, Part 1, controlled dumps are non-engineered disposal sites where improvements made are mainly on the operational and management aspects of the site. Minimal site infrastructure or facilities are installed. A. Planning Considerations A.1 Site Options There are several reasons why an owner/operator of an open dumpsite may want the facility closed. Among which are the following: • Area has reached its full capacity; • Regulatory requirements; • Pressure from interest groups, especially the public; • Contamination has been detected, and; 26
• Concern of the owner/operator over its impact to public health and the environment. When a local government unit decides to abandon the practice of open dumping and implement controlled disposal operations, it may either convert its existing open dumpsite into a controlled disposal facility, or close it and develop a new site. The new site may mean either an area adjacent to the closed open dump or to a different site. Conversion of an open dumpsite indicates that disposal operations will be implemented over an area where open dumping was previously practiced. Can our existing open dumpsite be converted into a controlled disposal facility? If the existing open dump does not meet most of these criteria, especially the groundwater pollution potential, it is not recommended for conversion into a controlled disposal site. Instead, a new site should be developed. In order to assess whether the existing open dump may be converted into a controlled disposal site, a site investigation/assessment should be conducted. The procedures for site investigation/assessment as described in Section C of Chapter IX, Part 1 are also applicable. A.2 Closure and Rehabilitation of the Open Dumpsite If a new site is developed and ready for waste disposal, the old open dump is properly closed and rehabilitated as necessary. Considerations necessary for the proper closure and rehabilitation of open dumps are presented in Part 1. B. Development of a Controlled Dump on a New Site This Section covers only proposed controlled disposal facilities on new sites. It does not cover conversion of existing open dumps into controlled dumps (which is discussed on the next Section). 27 Major Considerations Area capacity – the available disposal area should be able to accommodate wastes from the service area: (a) for at least three (3) years; (b) until the period the controlled dumpsite is allowed to operate, or; (c) when a sanitary landfill shall have been developed. The open dump is in an area where groundwater pollution is not critical. This is usually determined by the characteristics of the underlying formations beneath the dumpsite. The present open dumpsite is not within or proximate to sensitive receptors such as: built-up areas, groundwater reservoir or watershed areas, geological hazards such as active faults, erosion prone areas, and flood-prone areas.
Page 2 and 3: Copyright @ United Nations Environm
Page 4 and 5: PREFACE Managing solid waste is one
Page 6 and 7: ACKNOWLEDGEMENT The preparation of
Page 8 and 9: LIST OF TABLES Table No. Title of T
Page 10 and 11: XII ATTENDANT COSTS OF CLOSING A DI
Page 12 and 13: • become aware of the options, st
Page 14 and 15: Part 2: How to Shift from Open Dump
Page 16 and 17: • City Engineer’s Office (City
Page 18 and 19: abandonment of the affected groundw
Page 20 and 21: VIII. LAND DISPOSAL PRACTICES The d
Page 22 and 23: Note: the use of a tanker truck may
Page 24 and 25: (a) Area Method This method is used
Page 26 and 27: dumpsites • Extend necessary tech
Page 28 and 29: C. Site Assessment/Investigation Be
Page 30 and 31: • Bioreactor Landfills X. ELEMENT
Page 32 and 33: 3. To intercept leachate movement b
Page 34 and 35: XI. POST-CLOSURE MANAGEMENT PROGRAM
Page 36 and 37: Settling can produce wide cracks in
Page 38 and 39: Generally, the more intensive the c
Page 42 and 43: B.1 Siting Requirements Except for
Page 44 and 45: Except for grading of the bottom of
Page 46 and 47: IX. UPGRADING FROM CONTROLLED DUMPI
Page 48 and 49: wastes (e.g. asbestos, batteries, t
Page 50 and 51: Soil Composition • The material u
Page 52 and 53: (b) Double-Liners Double-liners hav
Page 54 and 55: Table 5. Characteristics of Stabili
Page 56 and 57: Refuse C.7 Surface Drainage Facilit
Page 58 and 59: Size of clods (particle aggregation
Page 60 and 61: Cell height varies from landfill to
Page 62 and 63: E.7 Handling of Special wastes Prov
Page 64 and 65: speed is much greater than that of
Page 66 and 67: J. Permitting Requirements Permit r
Page 68 and 69: • Conduct public hearings frequen
Page 70 and 71: Required: 1. How much waste is bein
Page 72 and 73: Components/ Parameters Remarks [ ]
Page 74 and 75: 7.0 Photographs Take pictures of th
Page 76 and 77: (1) Estimate the volume of waste fo
Page 78 and 79: The backhoe will be used for: • e
Page 80 and 81: 1. The amount of waste produced dai
Page 82 and 83: − in areas with a high water tabl
Page 84 and 85: GLOSSARY Acetogenic phase It is the
Page 86 and 87: geotextile may be placed on top of
Page 88 and 89: Recycling Separating a given waste
Page 90 and 91:
Department of Environment and Natur
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