ExcAVATIONs

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Working with hydraulic excavators and backhoe loaders You can dig an excavation with a hand shovel or an excavator. Use a hand shovel improperly and you risk blisters. Use an excavator improperly and you risk a life. Too many workers are hurt because they don’t follow safe practices when they use hydraulic excavators and backhoe loaders. Most accidents happen for three reasons: • Entering the excavator’s swing area • Using quick-coupling devices improperly • Using unsafe rigging methods to drag a trench shield Entering the excavator’s swing area Be aware of the excavator’s swing area and blind spots. Always maintain at least three feet of unimpaired clearance between the excavator’s rotating superstructure and adjacent objects. Keep others outside the area by marking it with rope, tape, or a similar barrier, if necessary. • Post warning signs that say DANGER – STAY CLEAR on all sides of the excavator. • Don’t allow anyone to stand under a suspended load or the boom, arm, or bucket. • Keep the bucket as close to the ground as possible when workers are attaching loads. • Lower the boom to a safe position with the bucket on the ground and turn off the excavator before getting off. 22
Where do I post the warning signs? Post warning signs that say DANGER – STAY CLEAR on all sides of the excavator [from Division 3, Subdivision O, 437-003-0090(1)] Don’t allow anyone to stand under the boom, arm, or bucket! 23 Photo credit: Robert I. Carr, Ph.D., P.E.
Page 1 and 2: Exca v ations Safe practices for sm
Page 3 and 4: About this document Excavations - S
Page 5 and 6: Introduction A cave-in can trap you
Page 7 and 8: What is a trench? A trench is deepe
Page 9 and 10: The role of the competent person A
Page 11 and 12: Soil and stability Some soils are m
Page 13 and 14: Manual tests Manual testing involve
Page 15 and 16: What do benched slopes look like in
Page 17 and 18: What do shores and shields look lik
Page 19 and 20: Materials and mobile equipment Exca
Page 21: Water accumulation Water makes soil
Page 25 and 26: • Never use damaged chains or fra
Page 27 and 28: Stability and adjacent structures M
Page 29 and 30: Safe practices checklist All your a
Page 31 and 32: 16. Underground installations are p
Page 33 and 34: 35. Appropriate sloping, shoring, o
Page 35 and 36: Registered professional engineer A
Page 37 and 38: Notes 37
Page 40: 440-2174 (4/09) OR-OSHA

ExcAVATIONs

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