ExcAVATIONs

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Plan before you dig Planning reduces the chance that something will go wrong when you start a job. Consider the following before you start excavating: • Debris near the excavation site that could create a hazard • How employees will get in and out of the excavation • How to protect people from falling into the excavation • How to respond to emergencies • Location of overhead power lines and underground utility lines (Call 811 from anywhere in Oregon for help in locating underground utility lines) • Possibility of atmospheric hazards in the excavation • Possibility of water in the excavation • Stability of soil at the excavation site • Stability of structures adjacent to the excavation site • Vehicles and other mobile equipment that will operate near the excavation • Weather conditions 8
The role of the competent person A designated competent person who has training in soil analysis, protective systems, and Oregon OSHA’s Division 3, Subdivision P, Excavation requirements must be on site to classify the soil, select a protective system, oversee installation, and inspect the system after installation. If there are no existing hazards the competent person can leave the excavation site for a short time, but must be present when a protective system is moved. Soil conditions could change or new hazards may arise that require the competent person’s judgment. The competent person must be knowledgeable about the type of soil excavated and the protective system used and must inspect them daily for signs of instability, damage, or other hazards; the competent person must approve any changes. Inspections are also necessary after heavy rain or activities such as blasting that may increase the risk of cave-in. The competent person must have authority to immediately correct the hazards and to order employees to leave the excavation until the hazards have been corrected. An employee who is trained and can identify excavation hazards but doesn’t have the authority to correct them is not a competent person. 9
Page 1 and 2: Exca v ations Safe practices for sm
Page 3 and 4: About this document Excavations - S
Page 5 and 6: Introduction A cave-in can trap you
Page 7: What is a trench? A trench is deepe
Page 11 and 12: Soil and stability Some soils are m
Page 13 and 14: Manual tests Manual testing involve
Page 15 and 16: What do benched slopes look like in
Page 17 and 18: What do shores and shields look lik
Page 19 and 20: Materials and mobile equipment Exca
Page 21 and 22: Water accumulation Water makes soil
Page 23 and 24: Where do I post the warning signs?
Page 25 and 26: • Never use damaged chains or fra
Page 27 and 28: Stability and adjacent structures M
Page 29 and 30: Safe practices checklist All your a
Page 31 and 32: 16. Underground installations are p
Page 33 and 34: 35. Appropriate sloping, shoring, o
Page 35 and 36: Registered professional engineer A
Page 37 and 38: Notes 37
Page 40: 440-2174 (4/09) OR-OSHA

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