A Geographical Study Of Food Grain Cropping Pattern

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UNIVERSAL RESEARCH ANALYSIS Half yearly Research Journal RNI. MAHMUL 13/2/2010 ISSN 2229-4406 Vol. I , Issue :I I I, Sept. 2011 to Feb. 2012 specially concentrated in Western, Eastern and Southern parts of the study area or away from Sina, Bhima and Man rivers. Temporal Analysis: - In 1990-91, the area under bajara crop was 2.68 percent, which increased to 2.90 percent of the net sown area in 2004-05 and increased by 2.10 percent of the net sown area. The area under bajara crop decreased (below 2 %) in Sangola and Mangalwedha tahsils. It decreased because the area under pomegranate and bor increased largely. It increased in all remaining tahsils of the study region by 0.50 to 5.00 percent of the net sown area. 4) Maize Maize is the fourth most important food grain in the study area. It is locally called Maka. It covered 1.42 percent of the net sown area in 1990-91 and 2.90 percent in 2004-05, it increased by 1.91 percent of the net sown area. Farmers grow maize on a small or large scale everywhere in the study area. It increased because it is largely used for livestock or growth of dairy farming. Environmental Requirements:- Maize is a food grain which grows well in well-drained alluvial soil and black cotton soil. It requires warm and moist geographical condition. Maize is a rabbi crop grown in the month of winter season between October and March, so it needs irrigation facility. It is entirely produced as an irrigated crop. Spatial Distribution :- The area under Maize crop covered 2.90 percent (27300 hectares) of the net sown area of the region. The highest percentage of area under this crop is at Malshiras (8.37 %) and then follow Pandharpur (6.58 %) and Sangola (6.06 %). Moderate percentage (3 to 6 %) of maize crop is at Mohol, whereas the lowest area (below 3 %) of this crop is observed in Akkalkot, South Solapur, Mangalwedha, Karmala, Madha, Barshi and North Solapur tahsil. Temporal Analysis: - Table No 4.11 and Fig No 4.11 show that in 1990-91 maize occupied about 1.91 percent while in 2004-05 its area increased by 2.90 percent of the total net shown 6 6
UNIVERSAL RESEARCH ANALYSIS Half yearly Research Journal RNI. MAHMUL 13/2/2010 ISSN 2229-4406 Vol. I , Issue :I I I, Sept. 2011 to Feb. 2012 area of the region. The area under this crop largely (above 4 %) increased in Malshiras and Sangola tahsils whereas it increased to some extent in Pandharpur (2.34 %) Mohol (0.87 %) and Barshi (0.96 %). The area under this crop decreased in Northeastern and Eastern tahsil of the district because in this area irrigation is not well developed. 5) Rice Rice is most commonly known by local name Bhat. It is the most common crop in a tropics. The botanical name of rice is oriza sativa. Rice is predominantly a rain fed crop. Rice ranks fifth among the crops grown in the district and accounts for a smaller aerial coverage. The main improved varieties grown in the region are IR8, Jaya, Suhasini, Karjat 184, Ratnagiri 24 etc which give better yields. Environmental Requirements :- Rice is a tropical monsoon crop requiring high temperature and high rainfall. Distribution of rice depends on agro climatic conditions. The climate of the area plays a more important role than soil in production of rice. Spatial Distribution :- In the reference year 2004/05, rice was grown more or less in all talukas of the district. <strong>Of</strong> these high i.e. only above 0.50 percent of the net sown area was covered in Akkalkot, South Solapur and Malshiras. The remaining area under rice was very low i.e. only below 0.50 percent of the net sown area. Temporal Analysis :- During the period under consideration, a very little change has taken place in the study region as shown in Fig No 4.13 and Table No 4.12. In 1990-91, rice covered 0.35 percent of the net sown area, it slightly decreased in 2004-05 and covered an area of 0.34 % of the net sown area. In general, the area under rice decreased in all talukas except Madha, Barshi, South Solapur and Mangalwedha tahsils. CONCLUSION <strong>Food</strong>grains like jowar, wheat, Maize, bajara and rice crops occupied maximum area, i.e., 72.23 % in 1991/92 and in 2004/05 it was 66.07 % out of the agriculture area. Jowar is the most important crop of the study region. Jowar crop occupied maximum area than other crops. There is slight decrease in area during investigation 6 7
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A Geographical Study Of Food Grain Cropping Pattern

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