Annual Report 2008-9 - The British School at Rome

T HE B RITISH S CHOOL AT R OME 

Patron: HM The Queen 

President: HRH Princess Alexandra, the Hon. Lady Ogilvy, KG, GCVO 

The mission of the British School at Rome is to promote knowledge of and deep engagement with all aspects of the art, 

history and culture of Italy by scholars and fine artists from Britain and the Commonwealth, and to foster international and 

interdisciplinary exchange. 

The BSR aims to support: 

■ residential awards for visual artists and architects 

■ residential awards for research in the archaeology, history, art history, society and culture of Italy 

■ exhibitions, especially in contemporary art 

■ an interdisciplinary programme of lectures and conferences 

■ research projects, including archaeological fieldwork 

■ a specialist research library 

■ a programme of publications 

■ short specialist taught courses. 

T HE B RITISH S CHOOL AT R OME 

Via Gramsci 61, 00197 Rome, Italy 

Tel. +39 06 3264939 Fax +39 06 3221201 

E-mail info@bsrome.it 

www.bsr.ac.uk 

BSR London Office (for scholarship and publications enquiries): 

The BSR at The British Academy 

10 Carlton House Terrace, London, SW1Y 5AH, UK 

Tel. +44 (0)20 79695202 Fax +44 (0)20 79695401 

E-mail bsr@britac.ac.uk 

Registered Charity no. 314176 

1

A NNUAL R EPORT 2008–2009 

Reports 

Chairman’s Foreword 3 

Director’s Report 4 

Herculaneum Conservation Project 11 

Development 14 

Humanities Awards 15 

Humanities Activities 16 

Modern Studies 19 

Events 20 

Archaeology 22 

Faculty of Archaeology, History and Letters 27 

Fine Arts Awards 28 

Fine Arts Scholars’ Activities 28 

Faculty of the Fine Arts 32 

Architecture Programme 33 

Publications 34 

Library and Archive 35 

Appendices 

Publications and Exhibitions by Staff 37 

Staff 39 

Trustees’ Report 40 

Financial Statements 42 

Subcommittees and Honorary Fellows 51 

BSR Publications in Print 52 

Subscribers 54 

How to Support the British School at Rome 56 

2

C HAIRMAN’ S F OREWORD 

It is not often that one can use the phrase ‘end of an era’ 

without being accused of hyperbole but in the case of 

the departure of Andrew Wallace-Hadrill after fourteen 

immensely distinguished years as the director of the BSR, 

there is no hint of exaggeration. Not only has Andrew 

encouraged and nurtured significantly the academic 

activities of the School but he has carried out outstanding 

research in his own right, exemplified by his most recent 

book, Rome’s Cultural Revolution, and given the School an 

altogether higher profile. We have been fortunate indeed 

to have enjoyed his services and those of Jo, whose selfsacrificing 

role has been critical, over such an extended 

and intellectually-exciting period and we are enormously 

grateful to them both. Andrew has also single-handedly 

brought the BSR and the Packard-funded Herculaneum 

Conservation Project together and I am delighted that our 

professional contact with Andrew will be maintained 

through the BSR’s continuing involvement with the 

project, where Andrew will remain as its Director. I also 

welcome Andrew to the ranks of heads of Oxbridge 

colleges where he is sure, in this next phase of his career, 

to play a role as distinguished as his last. 

Filling such large boots was never going to be easy but 

the search committee, led by the Deputy Chairman Tim 

Llewellyn, laboured throughout the spring sifting through 

an impressive field both qualitatively and quantitatively. We 

owe Tim and his team a real debt of gratitude not least for 

the final outcome. Tim has also played a vital role over the 

last year in preparing a report on the future of the fine arts 

at BSR which was bold and imaginative. The new director 

will want to reflect on the extent to which the happy union 

of humanities scholars and artists, which is one of the 

distinguishing features of the BSR, can be protected and 

developed. 

We welcome as the fifteenth Director of the BSR, 

Professor Christopher Smith, a distinguished scholar and 

historian of early Rome and Latium and someone who 

already has great experience of the BSR. With his strategic 

management background, Christopher, and his wife Susan, 

are extremely well equipped to take the school forward at a 

time of great challenge, not least due to the difficulty 

created by the dramatic decline in the value of sterling 

against the euro, the currency in which most of the 

School’s expenditure is incurred. The Council looks 

forward keenly to working with them. 

This year has seen the departure of Jenni Lomax as the 

Chair of the Faculty of the Fine Arts and from Council and 

her replacement by John Gill. Martin Millett and Chris 

Wickham have also resigned from Council during this year. 

John is a most welcome recruit, along with Graeme Barker, 

who has also joined Council in 2009. Our warmest thanks 

to Jenni, Martin and Chris for their sterling efforts. We also 

bid farewell to David Forgacs after his three-year stint as 

the inaugural Research Professor in Modern Studies. 

Thanks to David, the concept of modern studies is now 

firmly embedded in the School’s area of core activities. 

Departures and arrivals need to be seen in the wider 

context of the School’s activities. Details are to be found in 

the following pages but the continuing work on the 

Imperial harbour at Portus under Simon Keay’s tutelage, 

the Herculaneum Conservation Project and the exhibition 

of the Rome photographs of Father Peter Paul Mackey 

which opened at the Sir John Soane’s Museum in June 

have been particular but far from the only highlights. Jill 

Pellew’s work on the organisation and sponsorship and 

Valerie Scott’s curatorship of the latter have been 

outstanding. 

In conclusion, I thank my fellow members of Council 

for their unswerving support in a difficult year of transition 

and change, and of course the staff of the BSR in Rome 

and London for their professionalism and hard work 

during a particularly demanding period. As ever, Elly 

Murkett has been a real pillar of strength. 

Sir Ivor Roberts 

Chairman of Council 

3

D IRECTOR’ S R EPORT 

For a director who has served the School for fourteen 

years, it is no easy thing to bid this institution farewell, 

nor to put into words what he owes it. My colleague David 

Forgacs, in his report below, his last after a three-year stint 

as the inaugural Research Professor in Modern Studies, 

says that he ‘considers his three years based at BSR to have 

been without doubt the best research opportunity he has 

had in his career since he finished his doctorate in 1978, as 

well as an uniquely rewarding social and intellectual 

experience’. Scarcely a scholar or fellow or award-winner 

leaves the School without this sense of regret and 

indebtedness. The School may set about justifying its 

existence in the modern world in a variety of ways. 

Recently the British Academy has been encouraging us to 

think in terms of what we bring back to the British 

economy and national welfare. But in the end, the litmus 

test is this: do those who pass through the institution 

bring back lasting profit from it? A director is no different 

from a research professor or a scholar. The telling 

question is not what you have done for the institution, but 

what it has done for you. My latest, longest and hardest 

book, Rome’s Cultural Revolution, finally came out in 

November 2008. I dedicated it to the British School at 

Rome because I could only have written it here. The 

opportunity the School has given me to widen my 

horizons, to immerse myself in the archaeology and 

material culture of Italy, and to meet and make friends 

with a range of Italian and other international scholars and 

draw stimulus and inspiration from them, is unthinkable 

without having this base for British scholars in Rome. And 

this is only an example of the debt I owe. Running such an 

institution makes great demands, not just on time. But if 

the cause is a good one, the effort brings its own reward. 

The British School at Rome is extraordinarily rewarding 

cause to work for, because it repays your efforts and 

flourishes, something impossible if the institution had not 

been set up right in the first place, and if it did not have a 

valid place in the contemporary world. 

4 

The past year, like those before it, has been one of 

vigorous and varied activity, but now in the face of real 

financial hardship. The collapse of sterling since September 

2007 has been catastrophic, from a purchasing power of 

nearly 1.5 euros to the pound to something very close to 

parity at its lowest point in March 2009. The drop may be 

advantageous for the British economy, but for a British 

institution operating in the euro-zone (the British School at 

Athens being equally affected), with an income stream 

almost wholly in sterling, and expenditures largely in euros, 

the impact is very severe. 

We have had to rein in spending on many fronts. One of 

the first to be hit was the Contemporary Arts Programme. 

For ten years, Cristiana Perrella has run an exceptionally 

lively programme of contemporary art shows, in recent 

years being able to make use of our new Gallery space. The 

programme has enjoyed the highest respect within the 

Roman art world. On the basis of minimal funding, she has 

pulled off a programme that has been the envy of far betterfunded 

institutions in Rome. For the last year, the funding 

situation has forced us to abandon the programme. Yet the 

School is determined to reaffirm its commitment to 

contemporary art. Over the last year, one of our Trustees, 

Tim Llewellyn, now free from his responsibilities as 

Director of the Henry Moore Foundation, has drawn up, in 

consultation with numerous parties inside and outside the 

institution, a document on the future of the fine arts at 

BSR. The commitment is there, and the conclusion is that 

we should aim higher, attracting artists of the highest 

calibre, and making a ‘Rome prize’ as sought after as an 

award like the Turner Prize. 

In the debate on the future of the fine arts, a key role is 

played by the British Academy. By happy chance, this year 

was the BSR’s turn for a periodic review. We now absorb 

over one million pounds a year of public finance (though 

our accounts show how, on the back of that, we generate at 

least double, or including the Herculaneum project, four 

times the amount of non-public finance). We are a heavy

Andrew and Jo Wallace-Hadrill and School staff and residents, June 2009 — a photograph by Photoworks Fellow David Spero 

commitment for a national academy with stretched 

resources, and it is healthy that there be an open dialogue, 

with each side understanding the other’s difficulties and 

priorities. The committee which provides our funding 

benefits from a high-calibre team, including the CEO, 

Robin Jackson, the Chairman of the committee, Professor 

Michael Fulford, and the head of the programme, Margot 

Jackson. These three, together with our assessors from the 

committee, Professors Tony Allan and Leslie Brubaker, 

spent the best part of a week looking at every aspect of our 

operations, and produced a report that was complimentary, 

realistic, and constructive. It will be an important starting 

point in thinking about future directions for the BSR. 

One of the issues raised by their report is the role of the 

fine arts within the institution. The British Academy is the 

national body responsible for the promotion of the 

humanities and social sciences. It has no remit for the visual 

arts and architecture, and the fellowship has no 

representation in those disciplines. The question therefore is 

of the extent to which the Academy can take responsibility 

5

D I R E C T O R ’ S R E P O R T 

for that side of our activities. Part of the answer is that our 

programme of arts scholarships depends entirely on 

external sponsorship or on our trust funds (the Sargant 

bequest, the proceeds of a London property left us by the 

painter F.W. Sargant, is the largest single element in our 

endowment). Further Fine Arts scholarships are funded by 

the Linbury Trust (funding two annual scholarships), the 

Abbey Awards (funding one annual scholarship and three 

three-month fellowships), the Australia Council for the Arts 

(four three-month residencies), the Northern Ireland Arts 

Council (one annual scholarship in alternating years), the 

Derek Hill Foundation (one three-month award), and the 

collaboration between the Arts Council England, the Ruskin 

School of Drawing and Fine Art, and St Peter’s College, 

Oxford, which support the Helen Chadwick Fellowship in 

both Rome and Oxford. This year we have welcomed for 

the first time a three-month award for a photographer 

supported by Photoworks, a three-month award in 

architecture supported by the Conseil des Arts et des 

Lettres du Québec, and the first holder of the Giles Worsley 

Travel Fellowship in Architecture. It will be a target in 

coming years to strengthen and increase this income stream, 

but it is worth noting that it has proved much harder 

finding external support for awards in the Humanities, 

where the honourable exceptions are the Paul Mellon 

Centre for Studies in British Art, supporting a distinguished 

series of Mellon Fellows, and in Australia, the Bill and Janet 

Gale Foundation supporting a remarkable series of ancient 

historians from Macquarie University, and Don and Jane 

Morley supporting three-month awards in art history from 

Melbourne. 

But the most important consideration, to this Director at 

least, is the following. It is the combination of academic 

research and creative activity in the fine arts that has 

determined the character and strength of the institution, 

ever since the creation of the new building and programme 

of arts scholarship by the 1851 Commission in 1912. From 

one point of view, academics and artists inhabit different 

6 

The Contemporary Value of Industrial Architecture, by Rebecca Madgin, 

Giles Worsley Travel Fellow 

worlds, and that is why the union is so stimulating, unusual, 

and successful. But in contemporary conditions, the gap has 

narrowed dramatically. Artists and architects are not so 

much concerned with making beautiful things, but in 

understanding, visually interpreting and representing and 

refashioning the world around them. Our modernist 

professor, David Forgacs, rapidly found that those who 

were closest to his own interests, whether in immigrants in 

Italy and their marginalisation, or in the representation of 

Italian society in film, were the fine artists, with Jacopo 

Benci as a rich source of stimulus in such fields. Our 

enterprises are much more closely cognate than the 

traditional disciplinary separation suggests. Our inaugural 

Giles Worsley Travel Fellow, Rebecca Madgin, came from a 

social sciences faculty; but her work on urban regeneration 

in the once-industrial area of Ostiense linked to the interests 

of generations of architects working here, and instantly 

struck a chord with the Sainsbury Scholar in Painting, Celia 

Hempton, whose theme was abandoned industrial 

landscapes. The fine arts, far from being irrelevant to the 

remit of the Academy, are what ensures that the School 

engages with contemporary issues as well as the past. 

Another area in which the financial pressure is felt is the 

Humanities programme of conferences and lectures 

organised by the Assistant Director, Sue Russell. Yet, 

despite a halving of the budget, activity has remained 

intense: seven conferences, three presentations, and 35

lectures represent no diminution of the levels of activity of 

previous years. The enormous advantage of our renewed 

facilities is that we can handle such events at minimal cost, 

and the advantage of a base in Rome is that there is never a 

shortage of willing speakers and participants. The 

programme has included at least four regular elements: Sue 

Russell’s own art history programme, Simon Keay’s 

archaeology workshops, Robert Coates-Stephens’s City of 

Rome programme, and presentations by our own fellows and 

scholars. Taken together with the Fine Arts programme, the 

three annual shows of our artists, Marina Engel’s 

Architecture programme of presentations accompanied by 

exhibitions by young architects, not to speak of a range of 

informal presentations and events by the arts scholars, and 

one concert by our Youth Music Foundation of Australia 

Scholar, it has meant an extraordinary rich and stimulating 

experience for everyone here. It is that vibrancy that makes 

the School special, and the residents could not have given Jo 

and myself a better farewell than their tableau vivant on the 


Odyssey frieze, which managed to combine the research 

interest of a Roman art historian, Marden Nichols, with the 

interest in semi-decipherable landscapes of an artist, Celia 

Hempton, supported by a cast of three artists, one architect 

and one archaeologist. Thus our paths converge. 

The Library is particularly sensitive to financial shortfalls. 

Book prices, especially those of periodicals, constantly rise, 

and electronic media, far from easing the cost burden, prove 

to be an additional expense. Yet cutting back on book 

purchases does a collection permanent damage: it is rare to 

be able to make up missing volumes in later years, and the 

correct response is to specialise even more, cutting out any 

areas that are marginal. Ironically, the Library, despite these 

difficulties, has never been so intensely used, the temporary 

closure of the German Archaeological Institute and the 

Vatican creating a surge of refugees. In these straits, the 

support of the Packard Humanities Institute in providing 

additional staff to cope with the extra work, and to extend 

opening hours, has been especially valuable. Valerie Scott 

Second Style: an Odyssey 

Frieze, a performance 

directed by Ralegh 

Radford Rome Scholar 

Marden Nichols 

7

has been able to ensure that despite the surge in reader 

numbers, the Library has retained its welcoming 

atmosphere. 

Valerie Scott has also carried forward, despite the tough 

financial climate, her programme of projects and exhibitions 

of material from our archive of historical photographs and 

other material. The Getty Foundation has been a key ally 

in recent years, and the workshop held in Los Angeles on 

Sir William Gell, at which both Valerie and I spoke, 

underlined our common interests. A new ally is the Sir John 

Soane Museum, which proved the perfect partner for an 

exhibition of the Rome photographs of Father Peter Paul 

Mackey. The sponsors who made this possible are thanked 

below, but it is right here to pay tribute to the energy and 

determination of the team of Jill Pellew and Valerie Scott, 

who ensured that the right support was found. Such 

partnerships are an essential way forward for the future, and 

the ongoing series of photographic exhibitions is another 

point where the disciplines converge; photography and fine 

art on the one hand (and our new partnership with 

Photoworks is also relevant here), and archaeology and the 

history of art on the other. 

I turn finally, among our activities, to archaeology. The 

British Academy is keen to emphasise that the institutes it 

supports abroad are not simply bases for archaeological 

fieldwork, and the British School is equally keen to remind 

them that our aims have never been limited in this way. 

Nevertheless, archaeology has a fundamental role in our 

mission. If it were not for the physical reality of the past, it 

might not be so necessary to spend long periods of time 

abroad in trying to get to grips with it. Ancient historians 

(including myself) and classical philologists and even art 

historians might sit at home in their libraries. But the past is 

physically present, even when it seems invisible, as in the 

street patterns of contemporary Rome or Naples (or for that 

matter most other Italian cities), which continue to steer 

humans between modern buildings down routes used for 

thousands of years. The study of the physical traces of the 

8 

past will always be the core activity of this institution. But it 

is not the focus of a narrow disciplinary subset. It is an 

inherently interdisciplinary activity. Every group of residents 

who visit a monument rapidly understands how the presence 

of artists and architects, art historians and social scientists, 

field archaeologists and philologists, converges in the reading 

of the visible past. The School is not merely a facility: it is a 

missionary enterprise that seeks to convert all those who 

come through it to an understanding of this visible, physical 

past. Our Hugh Last Fellow, Stephen Heyworth, a 

distinguished editor of Latin poetry from Oxford, left a 

convert to topography, the discipline of Sir William Gell and 

Thomas Ashby, and their successors today, like Filippo 

Coarelli and Robert Coates-Stephens. 

Working at Herculaneum in an ambitious project of 

conservation, I have learned above all that archaeology is 

neither a single discipline, nor one that can exist in 

isolation. We always knew that archaeologists would have 

to join hands with architects, conservators, surveyors and 

engineers to address the problems of the site, and to keep 

what I have called the ‘visible past’ in such a state to ensure 

its visibility to future generations. What has taken me by 

surprise is the number of other disciplines we have found 

ourselves involving. Geologists have taught us to 

understand the long process of volcanic eruption and the 

transformations, sometimes slow, sometimes alarmingly 

rapid, of the landscape. Chemists have shown us how to 

analyse the salts that eat away frescoes and the mortars and 

grouting that affect the ancient surfaces. Computer 

specialists have shown how a Laser Speckle Interferometer 

or Polynomial Texture Mapping can reveal otherwise 

invisible faults or bring back ancient colours. It is not just 

the application of high-tech solutions. The world of 

heritage management brought together by ICCROM has 

taught us that beyond technical solutions, you have to work 

on the right relations with the stakeholders, from visitor 

management to relations with the local community. 

Urbanists and social scientists have taught us to study a site

in its social context. And needless to say, our own artists, 

like Liz Rideal and Penelope Cain, have taught us the 

power of art in the process of communication. Liz Rideal’s 

projection upon ancient Roman structures of video footage 

of laundry hung to dry in the narrow streets showed a new 

way to visualise the dialogue of then and now. 

The projects of our Research Professor in Archaeology, 

Simon Keay, are the jewel in our institutional crown. The 

great artificial harbour at Portus built by emperors from 

Claudius to Trajan has passed in his hands from being one 

of the most neglected and ill-understood of Imperial sites to 

a key source for understanding the economy and trade of an 

empire which thought itself global. Yet it is a sign of the 

nature of that empire that where he expected to excavate 

port installations, moles, docks and warehouses, he seems to 

have found an Imperial palace, complete with its own toy 

amphitheatre and sculptural decoration. At the same time, 

the team he has built up with expertise in geophysical 

prospection has continued to obtain important new 

information about sites, from the heart of Rome (Piazza 

della Repubblica), to Italian sites like Gabii, Ardea, Villa 

Magna and Atella, to Ammaia in Portugal and Leptis Magna 

in Libya. 

One of the crucial questions that still faces the School is 

how broad its geographical remit should be. Should we 

concentrate our resources on Rome and Italy, or spread 

more widely in the Mediterranean, especially in countries of 

North Africa, in the Iberian peninsular, and in the islands 

(including Malta), where Britain has otherwise no base or 

institute? Before the collapse of sterling, the School was 

developing a programme of broader engagement with the 

western Mediterranean, of which the stimulating conference 

Identifying the Punic Mediterranean was a valuable fruit. 

Finances are now tighter, yet the creation of international 

networks is not necessarily costly. My own belief is that 

there is still scope for more active exploitation of the 

network of foreign academies that makes Rome special, and 

of more collaborative enterprises. 


One organisation that exists to promote such 

international exchange is AIAC, the International 

Association of Classical Archaeology. The School played a 

major part in helping to organise AIAC’s quinquennial 

international congress, on the 50 th anniversary of the last 

Rome congress. With over a thousand participants, it was a 

major logistical challenge, and it could not have been pulled 

off without a team of research assistants, including (on the 

BSR side) Aimee Forster, Martina dalla Riva, Valentina da 

Pozzo and Chris Siwicki, to all of whom I am profoundly 

grateful. The importance of the congress, with its strong 

thematic organisation around the topic of ‘Meetings of 

cultures in the ancient Mediterranean’, was to remind us all 

of the potential of international research networks, and ones 

that do not neglect the Islamic lands of North Africa and 

the Levant. BSR is in a strong position to ensure a British 

engagement with such international networks, and that is a 

cause that merits further investment of money and effort. 

Drappeggio in Ercolano by Liz Rideal (Wingate Scholar 2008–9), 

projected onto the Aurelian Wall, Rome 

9


I end with thanks. The debts accumulated over fourteen 

years, both institutionally and individually, are too many to 

list, and can only be hinted at. To list all is impossible, to 

mention only some is invidious. I therefore thank them by 

classes, with symbolic representatives, and yet to each 

member of each class I am deeply beholden. Our sponsors, 

whether the British Academy, or the numerous foundations 

and bodies that support scholarships and activities, provide 

our life blood. I pick out two exceptional couples, who may 

stand symbolically for the rest, and who have stuck with us 

loyally over these years: the Sainsburys, John and Anya, 

who visited us again last October, and have championed 

the Fine Arts, and the Packards, David and Pam, who, not 

content with helping us build the Library extension and to 

conserve Herculaneum, have supported the Library again 

in its hour of need, and supported AIAC and its web-based 

Fasti Online, and thus the cause of making information on 

new excavations internationally accessible. Within the 

institution, we are indebted to the colleagues, in Rome and 

London, who form an outstandingly successful team. The 

School has been exceptionally fortunate to be able to draw 

on so much talent and devotion at so many levels, whether 

among academic colleagues, or in the support staff in the 

offices, the Library, the maintenance, cleaning and catering 

departments. As symbolic representative of the staff, I 

mention Sue Russell, our exceptionally successful Assistant 

Director, to whose efforts and presence the School owes 

not only its flourishing events programme but its cheerful 

atmosphere. But we are also indebted to a wider group 

based in London, to the committee members, on Faculties 

and Council, who give up their precious time, sometimes 

more than they had bargained for, to give advice and 

guidance. As representative of all of them, I thank Sir Ivor 

Roberts, who in taking on the Chairmanship never dreamt 

he would have to handle the endless complications of 

replacing the Director. The choice made by Council is an 

outstanding one. Christopher Smith brings to this role not 

only academic distinction and experience at the highest 

10 

Jo Wallace-Hadrill 

level of university administration, but a long knowledge and 

love of the School. I wish him and Susan a happy and 

successful time here, and warn them in advance that it 

won’t be easy to leave. 

Finally, I register two personal thanks. Elly Murkett as 

Director’s Assistant has successfully kept at bay 

innumerable distractions, enabling me to focus on projects 

and writing; the Annual Report, which she edits, is just one 

illustration of the high standards she sets. Above all, I want 

to thank my wife, Jo. She gave up a full-time career as a 

teacher to come to Rome, and left family and friends 

further behind than she wanted. The sacrifices a Director’s 

wife makes receive little institutional acknowledgement. Yet 

she has always placed herself at the heart of the residential 

community, managing to remember the constant succession 

of names and faces long after others have given up trying, 

administering advice and comfort, offering drinks and harp 

recitals, and even teaching Latin to those who have asked. 

When we arrived, she planted the cortile with roses. We 

were warned that this was no place for roses, and that they 

would soon be dead. They have flowered unfailingly every 

year for fourteen years, in a flowering season that stretches 

from April to December. Without her touch, these years 

would have been very different. 

Andrew Wallace-Hadrill 

Director

H ERCULANEUM C ONSERVATION P ROJECT 

The major project at Herculaneum initiated by the 

Packard Humanities Institute, and put into effect by 

the British School, in close collaboration with the 

Archaeological Superintendency (which now reunites 

Pompeii with Naples), is now in its eighth year of activity. 

Advances can be reported on two principal fronts. The 

first is in the campaign to address the problems of the 

infrastructure of the site and bring the movement of water 

under control. As roofs are progressively repaired, and the 

ancient drainage network put back into action, so the 

problems mount at the lowest point of the site, where in 

antiquity the town came down to the sea. A major project 

of clearing and draining the ancient shoreline has led to a 

series of important results. Dramatic evidence accumulates 

of how severely the buildings — especially the Suburban 

Baths, which were built out to meet the shoreline at a 

period when the sea had retreated — were later damaged 

as the land rose and the sea returned. This is the result of 

the phenomenon called bradyseism whereby the earth’s 

crust rises and falls in the build-up to an eruption. The 

most unexpected find has been the remains of the 

collapsed roof of a nearby building, tossed by the force of 

the firestorm of a pyroclastic surge to the beach down 

below. It is possible from this find to reconstruct the 

entire carpentry of a Roman roof, including its woodpanelled 

ceiling. 

The second principal area of work has been on the 

north-western edge of the site, were preliminary work is 

underway to assess the possibilities of new excavation of 

the Basilica. A georadar survey by the BSR/Archaeological 

Prospection Services Southampton team gave impressive 

but rather impenetrable results. Reopening the Bourbon 

tunnels has cast a flood of light. The old tunnels are more 

numerous and complex than anyone had imagined, a 

veritable rabbit-warren; the pottery left behind in the 

backfill suggests people had been exploring long before the 

official start of excavations under the Bourbons in 1738. A 

rich harvest of other finds includes some fragmentary 

inscriptions and the gemstone from a signet. The walls of 

the tunnels have exposed some rich fresco-work. The most 

impressive find, however, came not from this area, but 

from the western edge of the town, where our team were 

giving assistance: a brilliant insight by Mimmo Esposito led 

to the discovery of a fine ‘neo-Attic’ marble relief. 

The project has involved increasingly close collaboration 

with the personnel of the Soprintendenza, especially the site 

director, Maria Paola Guidobaldi, and above all the 

Soprintendente himself, Piero Guzzo. Without his vision, 

courage and determination, this project could never have 

happened, and he will be sorely missed on his retirement 

this September. We are also indebted to the Comune of 

Ercolano, and its Mayor, Nino Daniele, for enthusiastically 

embracing the project, and promoting the new International 

Study Centre to bring about closer links between the 

international world of specialists and visitors and the local 

community. Work is now finished on the restoration of the 

Villa Maiuri, where the previous study centre, named after 

the great archaeologist Amedeo Maiuri, had its seat; and we 

look forward to moving into these new premises in the 

autumn. Our warmest thanks go to the Mayor and his staff, 

to the Soprintendenza, to the tireless members of the 

project team led by Jane Thompson, and above all to David 

and Pam Packard, without whose enthusiasm and support 

there would literally be no project. 


Director, Herculaneum Conservation Project 

11

Right: Excavation of 

ancient shore beneath 

the house of the 

Telephus Relief, 

Herculaneum 

Far right: Excavation 

of roof timbers fallen 

to the shore from the 

house of the Telephus 

Relief, Herculaneum 

H E R C U L A N E U M C O N S E R V A T I O N P R O J E C T 

12 

Left: Detail of column 

with lion masks from 

frescoed wall in the 

Basilica, 

Herculaneum 

Right: Reopening of 

Bourbon tunnels in 

the Basilica, 

Herculaneum

Left: Mimmo 

Camardo inspects 

marble plaque 

from the Basilica, 

Herculaneum, 

with faded ink 

inscription 

H E R C U L A N E U M C O N S E R V A T I O N P R O J E C T 

Left: Discovery of neo-Attic 

relief in house in south-west 

corner of Herculaneum 

Above: Detail of two heads 

from the same relief 

13

D EVELOPMENT 

The principle effort of those working on the 

development programme this year has been ensuring 

that the joint British School at Rome–Sir John Soane’s 

Museum exhibition, Immagini e Memoria, Rome in the 

Photographs of Father Peter Paul Mackey 1890–1901, was 

properly funded and well organised. This has meant close 

co-operation between the Librarian and the Chair of 

Development. Last year’s promotional event at the John and 

Virginia Murray Centre was the starting-point for the 

creation of a supportive group of funders. These kind wellwishers 

helped with both the costs of bringing over an 

expanded version of the original Rome exhibition and also 

the creation of a scholarly and beautifully produced 

catalogue edited by the exhibition curator, Valerie Scott 

(BSR Librarian), with a fascinating introduction and 

catalogue entries by Robert Coates-Stephens, BSR Cary 

Fellow. Thus sufficient funds, that virtually covered the 

costs, were raised with the hope of a profit through the sales 

of the catalogue (to be re-invested in other Library and 

Archive initiatives). Generous individuals included 

Professor and Mrs Peter Wiseman and Mr Gifford Combs; 

and a particularly supportive trust was the Paul Mellon 

Centre for Studies in British Art. 

The exhibition, held at Sir John Soane’s Museum in 

Lincoln’s Inn Fields between 19 June and 12 September, 

was launched with an agreeable party for friends and 

supporters of both organisations. It provided an excellent 

Donors 

Donors to the BSR in 2008–9 include: Mrs Diana Baring; 

Mr John Beale; The British Council; The Clarke- 

Molyneux Trust; The Faculty of Classics, Cambridge; Mr 

Luca Cerizza; The John S. Cohen Foundation; Mr Gifford 

Combs; The Marc Fitch Fund; The Gladstone Memorial 

Trust; The Bryan Guinness Charitable Trust; Mr Peter 

Johnson; The Paul Mellon Centre for Studies in British 

14 

occasion for the BSR to connect with its UK friends and 

supporters. Shortly after this the Museum hosted a special 

evening event, linked to the exhibition, and generously 

encouraged the BSR to invite a select group of donors to a 

reception and a lecture about the wider context of the 

exhibition by Valerie Scott. The occasion was greatly 

enjoyed by guests of each institution, among which there 

was a not-altogether surprising overlap in interests. The 

BSR hopes that this will be the first of many collaborations 

with Sir John Soane’s Museum, both in London and in 

Rome. 

Through the year various institutional and other 

unrestricted personal donations have been received. Two of 

the latter were from relatives of former scholars from many 

decades ago. Their charming letters once again underscore 

the importance of maintaining links with alumni and friends 

of the BSR. 

Our thanks, as always, go to incredibly supportive staff 

both in Rome, particularly Elly Murkett and Alvise Di 

Giulio, and in London, where special thanks go to Dr Gill 

Clark, who was a staunch ally in promoting the Mackey 

exhibition. 

Jill Pellew 

Chair of Development 

Art; Mrs G.M. Muinzer; Mr Morton Neal; PARC: 

Ministero per i Beni e le Attività Culturali; Mr A.H.A. 

Osborn; The Craven Committee, Oxford; St John’s 

College, Oxford; The Society of Dilettanti; The Society 

for the Promotion of Roman Studies; Mr Peter Spring; 

Studio Legale Dalla Vedova; Ms Vanessa Somers 

Vreeland.

H UMANITIES AWARDS 

Balsdon Fellow 

Michael Bury (University of Edinburgh) 

Divergent judgements: works of art in contention, Rome 1540–1610 

Hugh Last Fellow 

Dr Stephen Heyworth (University of Oxford) 

A commentary on Ovid, Fasti 3 

Paul Mellon Centre Rome Fellow 

Dr William Eisler (Musée Monetaire Cantonal, Lausanne) 

The medals of Martin Folkes: art, Newtonian science and Masonic 

sociability in the age of the Grand Tour 

A.D. Trendall Fellow 

Dr Lisa Beaven (La Trobe University) 

The market in Rome for antiquities and their illegal exportation in the 

second half of the seventeenth century 

Rome Fellows 

Dr Carrie Churnside (University of Birmingham) 

The seventeenth-century sacred cantata in the papal states 

Dr Emiliano Perra (University of Bristol) 

The Holocaust in Italian television 

Rome Scholars 

Dr Meaghan McEvoy (University of Oxford) 

The resurgence of Rome in the fifth century AD 

Dr Lucy Turner Voakes (European University Institute, Florence) 

The Risorgimento and English Liberal culture, 1850–1918 

Ralegh Radford Rome Scholar 

Dr Marden Nichols (University of Cambridge) 

The Odyssey frieze, a Roman wall-painting of the first century BCE 

considered in a spatial and cultural context 

Macquarie University Gale Scholar 

Duncan Keenan-Jones (Macquarie University) 

The Aqua Augusta. Regional water supply in Roman and late antique 

Campania: an historical and archaeometrical study 

Rome Awardees 

Caillan Davenport (University of Oxford) 

New élites in Rome and Italy, AD 235–337 

Dr Claire Holleran (King’s College London/University of Liverpool) 

Shopping in ancient Rome 

Elizabeth Munro (University of Oxford) 

Recycling the Roman villa: the use of architectural components as raw 

materials for small-scale production in the late Roman period 

Edward Payne (Courtauld Institute) 

Violence and corporality in the art of Jusepe de Ribera 

Tim Potter Memorial Awardee 

Alun Williams (Cardiff University) 

Colonization in the western Mediterranean: case-studies of Greek, 

Roman and Phoenician colonies in Italy, Sicily and Sardinia 

Melbourne Rome Scholar 

Mark Shepheard (University of Melbourne) 

Musicians and artists at the court of Cardinal Pietro Ottoboni in 

Rome, 1689–1740 

Giles Worsley Travel Fellow 

Rebecca Madgin (Universities of Leicester/East London/Glasgow) 

The contemporary value of industrial architecture — the Ostiense 

Quarter 

Youth Music Foundation of Australia Scholar 

Suzanne Shakespeare 

Research Fellows 

Dr Patrizia Cavazzini 

The painter Agostino Tassi; the art market in Rome 

Dr Roberto Cobianchi 

Ceremonies for canonisation in Renaissance Rome 

Dr Elizabeth Fentress 

Roman archaeology 

Dr Inge Lyse Hansen 

Provincial identity and patronage in the Greek east 

Dr Andrew Hopkins 

Committenza architettonica fra Venezia e Roma nel Seicento 

Dr Clare Hornsby 

Roman topography studied through maps in the BSR Library Rare 

Books collection 

Dr Helen Langdon 

The painters Salvator Rosa and Claude Lorrain 

Dr Lori-Ann Touchette 

Ancient Roman art 

Dr Karin Wolfe 

The Venetian painter Francesco Trevisani 

15

H UMANITIES A CTIVITIES 

The autumn began with a visit by Lord and Lady 

Sainsbury of Preston Candover with family and friends, 

including artist Anthony Fry (Rome Scholar 1950). Trips 

were organised to the Castel Sant’Angelo, the Giovanni 

Bellini exhibition at the Scuderie del Quirinale and the Julius 

Caesar exhibition at the Chiostro del Bramante. Awardholders 

were active in promoting their research: Marden 

Nichols, Caillan Davenport, Claire Holleran and Alun 

Williams all gave papers at meetings of the Associazione 

Internazionale di Archeologia Classica. Rebecca Madgin 

spoke at a conference in Liverpool and took up a post at the 

University of Glasgow on leaving Rome. Carrie Churnside 

organised several outings to musical events in Rome. 

Meaghan McEvoy, Marden Nichols and Lucy Turner Voakes 

were awarded their PhDs along with Matthew Dal Santo and 

Frances Parton — both Awardees in 2007–8. Meaghan will 

go to a Dumbarton Oaks fellowship in autumn 2009, 

followed by a three-year British Academy post-doctoral 

fellowship. Duncan Keenan-Jones delivered a thoughtprovoking 

lecture on aqueducts and spoke at a conference in 

Bari. Stephen Heyworth was a generous contributor to the 

City of Rome course, and both Meaghan and Marden gave 

their final lectures in that programme. Especially notable this 

year was the diversity of the scholars’ research, with subjects 

from the first century BC to present-day Italy. YMFA Scholar 

Suzanne Shakespeare performed a diverse programme of 

arias for soprano, accompanied by local pianist and singer, 

Yuri Takenaka. Last year’s YMFA Scholar, Stefan 

Cassomenos, returned to Italy in spring 2009 with the Yarra 

Chamber Orchestra, of which he is a founding member, and 

gave a welcome, impromptu performance. 

David Forgacs began the 2008–9 lecture programme with 

a lecture on the treatment of patients in Italian psychiatric 

hospitals from 1967 to 1977, speaking later in the year with 

his guest, Mario Sanfilippo, on slums and social 

investigation in Rome from 1871 to 1921, both part of his 

‘Language, Space and Power in Italy since 1800’ research 

project. Maureen Carroll (Sheffield), returning in November 

16 

to complete her Balsdon Fellowship, spoke on death, burial 

and commemoration of newborns and infants in Roman 

Italy. Caspar Pearson (Essex) gave the inaugural W.T.C. 

Walker Lecture: this will be an annual event, supported by a 

bequest from the architect William Thomas Christie Walker 

(BSR Rome Prize 1937–9), to further the study of classical 

and Renaissance architecture. In November we also 

welcomed visiting speakers Pamela M. Jones (Massachusetts, 

Boston) and Ronald T. Ridley (Melbourne; A.D. Trendall 

Fellow 2002) who both gave stimulating lectures. Paul 

Mellon Centre Rome Fellow William Eisler (Musée 

Monetaire Cantonal, Lausanne) concluded the autumn 

programme, speaking on art, science and Freemasonry in 

eighteenth-century Rome. 

It was an art historical winter with lectures from BSR 

Research Fellows Helen Langdon and Karin Wolfe, as well 

as the presentation of The Invention of Annibale Carracci by 

former BSR Research Fellow and current FAHL member 

Clare Robertson (Reading), with speakers David Marshall 

(BSR Honorary Fellow; Melbourne), Patrizia Cavazzini 

(BSR Research Fellow) and Balsdon Fellow Michael Bury, 

who in March asked a crowded lecture theatre ‘Why was 

Michelangelo’s Last Judgement controversial?’. Michael joined 

David Marshall to conduct an informal seminar on prints 

from the Library’s Rare Book collection for University of 

Melbourne students and BSR residents. Michael also led a 

tour of several of Rome’s Counter-Reformation churches. 

David Rundle was this year’s Society of Renaissance Studies 

speaker, with a fascinating lecture on British scholars and 

Renaissance Humanism. The winter programme concluded 

with another well-attended book presentation, BSR 

Research Fellow Patrizia Cavazzini’s Painting as Business in 

Early Seventeenth-century Rome, with speakers Pamela M. Jones 

(Massachusetts, Boston) and Claudia Conforti (Roma, Tor 

Vergata). 

A highlight of the year was the conference ‘Architecture, 

Diplomacy, and National Identity: Sir Basil Spence and Midcentury 

Modernism’, organised by Louise Campbell

BSR residents visiting the Meeting Room of the Council of State, 

Palazzo Spada 

(Warwick) and supported by the Arts and Humanities 

Research Council and the Paul Mellon Centre for Studies in 

British Art. Keynote speaker Gavin Stamp spoke on 

‘Lutyens and Spence’ to a large audience, and special visits 

were made to Sir Basil Spence’s British Embassy in Rome 

and to the nearby Danish Academy, designed by Kay Fisker, 

a superb example of Modernist architecture. The latter tour 

was generously conducted by the Director of the Danish 

Academy, Erik Bach. 

Two special events concluded the year. The lecture theatre 

was packed for Andrew Wallace-Hadrill’s final lecture as 

Director, followed by drinks on the terrace and a buffet 

dinner in the cortile, which were enjoyed by numerous distinguished 

guests. Our cooks and waiting staff are to be 

complimented. A more informal farewell was organised by 

the award-holders. Headed by Stephen Heyworth, the 

Humanities award-holders prepared an excellent meal that 

preceded entertainment devised by Marden Nichols, with both 

Humanities and Fine Arts award-holders performing tableaux 

vivants based on her year’s project, the Odyssey frieze. 

Site visits included a combined Humanities and Fine Arts 

visit to Parma and Vicenza for, respectively, Correggio and 

Palladio exhibitions; Approdo Romano visits to Lake 

H U M A N I T I E S A C T I V I T I E S 

Trasimeno and Cortona; Arezzo for the Della Robbia 

exhibition and a morning visit to the costume collection of 

the House of Tirelli; Monte Testaccio; the Palazzo Farnese; 

the Palazzo Valentini; the Palazzo Costaguti; Villa Falconieri 

and Villa Sacchetti; the Roman house under Santa Maria 

Maggiore; the Palazzo Spada and many others organised by 

individual scholars. Frank Sear (Rome Scholar 1968; Hugh 

Last Fellow 1994) was especially active in organising trips to 

ancient sites during his spring visit. 

Susan Russell 

Assistant Director 

Taught Courses 

A record 54 students applied to the School’s undergraduate 

Summer School in September 2008, which was directed by 

Matthew Nicholls (Reading) and Robert Coates-Stephens. 25 

were selected, from the universities of Birmingham, Bristol, 

Cambridge, Dublin, Edinburgh, Glasgow, London, 

Manchester, Nottingham, Oxford, St Andrews and Warwick. 

The Gladstone prize was awarded to Rebecca Usherwood, 

of Nottingham University. The course is generously 

supported by the Society for the Promotion of Roman 

Studies, the Craven Committee at Oxford, the Faculty of 

Classics at Cambridge and the Gladstone Memorial Trust. 

The itineraries were arranged thematically, a method that 

has proved most successful for introducing large groups of 

undergraduates (generally more familiar with texts than 

topography) to the complexities and richness of the city of 

Rome. ‘Themed’ days included: the Tiber and provisioning 

Rome, politics and the Forum, war and the triumph, the city 

and the urban plebs, roads and cemeteries, and the 

transformations of late antiquity. Visits out of Rome 

included Ostia, the Isola Sacra and Tivoli. The course 

directors provided a series of nine supplementary lectures to 

introduce each itinerary. Notwithstanding the group’s large 

size, we were lucky enough to be guided around the new 

17

H U M A N I T I E S A C T I V I T I E S 

excavations at the Forum of Caesar by Alessandro Delfino, 

and Janet Delaine, on a short visit to Rome, was kind 

enough to share her expertise during the trip to Hadrian’s 

Villa at Tivoli. 

The School’s City of Rome postgraduate course runs 

annually through April and May, providing students of 

classics, ancient history and archaeology with a full 

immersion in the topography, art and architecture of the 

city, from its origins to the end of the empire (although later 

periods are by no means neglected). In 2009 eleven students 

attended, from the universities of Cardiff, Exeter, 

Nottingham, Oxford, Reading, Southampton, St Andrews 

and Warwick. The course was directed by Robert Coates- 

Stephens and administered by Elly Murkett. Chris Siwicki 

provided welcome logistical support and Maria Pia Malvezzi 

arranged the permits for access to restricted monuments 

with efficiency and diplomacy. Geraldine Wellington saw to 

the hostel arrangements with effortless authority. 

Since site visits form the key element of the teaching, the 

BSR is able to exploit fully its unique contacts with Rome’s 

archaeological authorities and academic institutions in setting 

out a wide-ranging programme of itineraries and excavation 

tours. Highlights in 2009 included a detailed exposition of 

the important but rarely seen remains of the Temple of 

Apollo Palatinus (with Stephan Zink), visits to the 

excavations of Portus (Simon Keay and Stephen Kay) and 

the port of Ardea (Letizia Ceccarelli), and an illuminating 

survey of the Byzantine frescoes at Santa Maria Antiqua 

(David Knipp). Cinzia Conti authorised a rare permit for the 

group to ascend the spiral staircase of the Column of Marcus 

Aurelius. Of the more unusual sites visited there were the 

insula beneath the Palazzo Spada, which collapsed in an 

earthquake at the end of antiquity, its mosaic floors lying 

superimposed like dominoes, the Catacombs of Praetextatus 

and Vigna Randanini, and the art nouveau ceramics 

workshop of Francesco Randone (grandfather of Lucos 

Cozza, BSR Honorary Fellow), installed in the towers of the 

Aurelianic Walls near the Porta Pinciana. 

18 

Students on the City of Rome course on a visit to the port of Ardea, 

led by Letizia Ceccarelli 

The lecture series gave the students the opportunity to 

hear at first-hand from some of the giants of Italian 

academe: Andrea Carandini, Filippo Coarelli, Eugenio La 

Rocca and Mario Torelli – as well as the next Director of 

the BSR, Christopher Smith. The less formal atmosphere of 

the seminar series enabled the class to interact with younger 

scholars at the School, as well as with visiting scholars 

Penelope Davies, Stephen Heyworth and Frank Sear. 

The BSR Library proved as important a resource to the 

students as the monuments themselves. Notwithstanding 

pressures caused by the intense influx of external readers 

seeking refuge from building works at other foreign 

academy libraries, Valerie Scott and her staff provided full 

access to the collections, and by the course’s end a fine 

series of essays had been produced on such topics as the 

Sullan building programme, the origins and development of 

the Jewish and Christian catacombs, and the frieze of 

Trajan’s Column. As in previous years, we are grateful for 

the support of the Society for the Promotion of Roman 

Studies. Above all, we thank Andrew Wallace-Hadrill, who 

in 1996 conceived the course, so providing this rare 

opportunity to promising young scholars and future 

generations of academics over the last fourteen years. 

Robert Coates-Stephens 

Cary Fellow

M ODERN S TUDIES 

Icompleted my last year at the BSR as Research Professor 

in Modern Studies engaged on the three-year project 

‘Language, Space and Power in Italy since 1800’. The final 

stages involved a second round of filmed interviews with 

recent migrants from Romania, as well as with some of 

their Italian neighbours, in three suburban areas of Rome. 

It also involved research on photographic representation 

in Italy’s colonies during the 1930s. For the latter I used 

the archives in Rome of the Società Geografica Italiana, 

Istituto Italo-Africano, Archivio dell’Ufficio Storico dello 

Stato Maggiore dell’Esercito and Istituto Luce. I also 

worked in the archive of the Institute of Ethiopian Studies 

in Addis Ababa, which contains an important collection of 

unofficial photographs confiscated from Italian soldiers at 

the time of the liberation of Ethiopia in 1941 by the 

British army and Ethiopian patriots. Some of these 

materials will be used in the book arising from the 

research and the exhibition that will open at the BSR on 

25 June 2010, together with photographs and film extracts 

relating to the other three main case-studies in the research 

project: slum housing in Rome in the late nineteenth and 

early twentieth centuries, ethnographic investigations of 

rural areas in the south of Italy in the 1950s, and 

psychiatric institutions and the movement to close them in 

the 1960s and 1970s. 

The remainder of my time on the project was spent on 

the dissemination of the research findings both within the 

BSR and outside. Between October 2008 and May 2009 I 

gave three lectures at the BSR on the three main strands 

of the research. In November I talked at the British 

Academy about Italy’s new anti-immigrant policies. In 

January I began planning the exhibition for the summer 

of 2010, and managed to secure the collaboration of three 

audiovisual and photographic archives: Teche Rai, the 

Istituto Luce, and the Laboratorio per la Ricerca e 

Documentazione Audiovisiva (Roma Tre). In July I 

finished the illustrated book arising from the project, 

entitled Italy Family Album: Texts and Images on the Margins, 

Courtyard of a tenement in Via di Porta Labicana, Rome, before and 

after risanamento in 1909 

1861–2010, for which I have a publishing agreement with 

Cambridge University Press. Lastly, I began organising the 

conference related to the themes of the research, to be 

held at the BSR on 24–25 June 2010. As well as sending 

invitations to selected speakers, I circulated two calls for 

papers, in April and June 2009. Over 100 proposals were 

submitted, of which no more than 35 can be included, 

and a provisional conference schedule is now in place. 

I considers my three years based at the BSR to have been 

without doubt the best research opportunity I have had in 

my academic career since I finished my doctorate in 1978, 

as well as a uniquely rewarding social and intellectual 

experience. I have had time and freedom to think, read, 

look at images, listen to people, exchange ideas with experts 

and write. I hope I have been able to contribute to the 

School and its community as much as I have taken from it 

in ideas, suggestions and stimulation. 

David Forgacs 

Research Professor in Modern Studies 

19

E VENTS 

CONFERENCES, WORKSHOPS AND RELATED EVENTS: 

Drawn Encounters, Complex Identities. Two-day conference in 

collaboration with The Centre for Drawing, University of the 

Arts, London and the Faculty of Art and Design, Monash 

University, Melbourne 

Associazione Internazionale di Archeologia Classica XVI Congress of 

Classical Archaeology: Meetings between Cultures in the Ancient 

Mediterranean. Poster session hosted by the BSR 

Associazione Internazionale di Archeologia Classica meeting: 

Incontri, chaired by Massimiliano Papini, with a contribution 

from Marden Nichols (BSR; Cambridge) 

Identifying the Punic Mediterranean. Two-day conference sponsored 

by the BSR and the Society for Libyan Studies 

Architecture, Diplomacy, and National Identity: Sir Basil Spence and Midcentury 

Modernism. Two-day conference organised by Louise 

Campbell (Warwick) 

Presentation of The Invention of Annibale Carracci by Clare 

Robertson, with contributions from Michael Bury (BSR; 

Edinburgh), Patrizia Cavazzini (BSR) and David Marshall 

(BSR; Melbourne) 

Current Research at Portus. One-day workshop organised by BSR 

and the Soprintendenza per i Beni Archeologici di Ostia 

VI Incontro di Studi sul Lazio e la Sabina. Day two of a three-day 

conference in collaboration with the Soprintendenza per i Beni 

Archeologici del Lazio 

Presentation of Painting as Business in Early Seventeenth-century Rome 

by Patrizia Cavazzini (BSR), with contributions from Pamela 

M. Jones (Massachusetts, Boston) and Claudia Conforti (Rome, 

Tor Vergata) 

Urban Landscape Survey. Second Valle Giulia Meeting. Day three of a 

three-day conference in collaboration with the Academia 

Belgica and Reale Istituto Neerlandese a Roma 

Press launch of the exhibition Falacrinae. Le origini di Vespasiano 

ARCHAEOLOGY AND HISTORY LECTURES 

Maureen Carroll (BSR; Sheffield): ‘Too young for the funeral 

pyre’. The death, burial and commemoration of newborn 

children and infants in Roman Italy 

Helen Patterson (BSR): The late antique and early medieval 

landscapes of the middle Tiber Valley 

20 

Daniela Giampaola (Soprintendenza Archeologica di Napoli): La 

ricostruzione del paesaggio costiero di Neapolis e lo scavo del 

porto antico 

Duncan Keenan-Jones (BSR; Macquarie): Water sources and lead 

poisoning in Pompeii and Herculaneum. New findings from 

trace element and lead isotope analysis of sinter deposits 

Stephen Heyworth (BSR; Oxford): Locum tua tempora poscunt: 

topography in Ovid’s Fasti 

Andrew Wallace-Hadrill (BSR): Ercolano: un futuro per il 

passato? 

HISTORY OF ART, HUMANITIES AND MODERN STUDIES LECTURES 

David Forgacs (BSR; UCL): Mad world: photographs and oral 

testimonies of patients in Italian psychiatric hospitals 1967–77 

Pamela M. Jones (Massachusetts, Boston): Bare feet, humility, and 

the Passion of Christ in the cults of Carlo Borromeo and Mary 

Magdalene in Seicento Rome 

Caspar Pearson (Essex): Inaugural W.T.C. Walker Lecture, ‘What 

goes up ...’: Leon Battista Alberti on building and destruction 

Ronald T. Ridley (Melbourne): The prince as poisoner, the ‘trial’ 

of Prince Chigi in Rome, 1790 

William Eisler (BSR; Musée Monetaire Cantonal, Lausanne): The 

construction of the image of Martin Folkes (1690–1754): art, 

science and Freemasonry in the age of the Grand Tour 

Helen Langdon (BSR): Caravaggio and Spanish Naples 

Karin Wolfe (BSR): Francesco Trevisani (1656–1746): portrait of 

a painter 

David Rundle (Society for Renaissance Studies): The British at 

school in Rome, c. 1450 or, the barbarians’ role in Renaissance 

humanism 

David Forgacs (BSR; UCL) and Mario Sanfilippo (ex-Trieste): 

Slums and social investigation in Rome 1871–1921 

Michael Bury (BSR; Edinburgh): Why was Michelangelo’s Last 

Judgement controversial? 

David Forgacs (BSR; UCL): Fortress Italy: ‘clandestini’ and ‘rom’ 

in contemporary political and media discourse 

Emiliano Perra (BSR; Bristol): The banality of goodness: the 

reinvention of the ‘rescuer’ in RAI programmes on the 

Holocaust 

Lucy Turner Voakes (BSR; EUI, Florence): George Macaulay

Trevelyan’s Garibaldi Trilogy: history, poetry and public 

moralism 

Carrie Churnside (BSR; Birmingham): ‘Che Roma viva di sensi 

priva è van pensier’: the seventeenth-century sacred cantata in 

the Papal States 

CITY OF ROME POSTGRADUATE COURSE LECTURES AND SEMINARS 

Andrea Carandini and Daniela Bruno (Rome ‘La Sapienza’): La 

Casa di Augusto. Procedura di ricostruzione e novità 

Robert Coates-Stephens (BSR): Sources for Roman topography 

Penelope Davies (Texas): Architecture in Republican Rome 

Marden Nichols (BSR; Cambridge): The Odyssey frieze: on 

Roman time 

Fabio Barry (St Andrews): Materials and materiality in Roman 

architecture and construction 

Filippo Coarelli (Perugia): Equus Domitiani 

Duncan Keenan-Jones (BSR; Macquarie): Water-systems and the 

Roman water-supply 

Eugenio La Rocca (Rome ‘La Sapienza’): Templum Gentis Flaviae 

Christopher Smith (St Andrews): Mid-Republican views of 

Roman expansion and Roman territory: some thoughts 

Rossella Rea, Raffaella La Pasta and Mariateresa Martines 

(Soprintendenza Speciale per i Beni Archeologici di Roma): 

Metropolitana di Roma Linea C, indagini archeologiche 

preventive. Da via Casilina Vecchia al Colosseo. Risultati 2006–9 

Mario Torelli (Perugia): Haruspices of the emperors. Tarquitius 

Priscus and Sejanus’s conspiracy 

Frank Sear (Melbourne): Roman theatres 

Meaghan McEvoy (BSR; Oxford): Rome and the transformation 

of the imperial office in the late-fourth to mid-fifth centuries AD 

Sue Russell (BSR): Pirro Ligorio as architect and archaeologist 

ARTS AND ARCHITECTURE EVENTS 

Presentation of Cucchi/Sottsas by Enzo Cucchi 

David Spero: Churches. Exhibition as part of Fotografia 2009 

Fine Arts Awardees’ Exhibitions 

September 2008: Tempo Reale; Cath Keay, Amanda Marburg, Liz 

Rideal, Christopher Cook, Richard Kirwan, Tony Lloyd 

December 2008: Figure of 8; Joseph Bedford, Penelope Cain, 

Dragica Janketic Carlin, Katie Cuddon, Celia Hempton, 

E V E N T S 

Rebecca Madgin, Ruth Murray, Eddie Peake, Liz Rideal 

March 2009: Our Lives are Full of Remarkable Coincidences; Sara 

Barker, Joseph Bedford, Gabriella Bisetto, Luke Caulfield, 

Katie Cuddon, Celia Hempton, Cath Keay, Eddie Peake, James 

Robertson 

June 2009: Don’t look away; Joseph Bedford, Katie Cuddon, 

Graham Durward, Pierre Gendron, Celia Hempton, Eddie 

Peake, David Spero, Amikam Toren 

Architecture Programme 

‘LONDON–ROME: WORK IN PROCESS’ 

Tom Coward and Daisy Froud (AOC): Lecture and exhibition, 

Cultural Approaches 

Kevin Carmody and Andy Groarke (Carmody Groarke): Lecture 

and exhibition, Time Scale 

Andrea Stipa (Andrea Stipa Architettura): Lecture and exhibition, 

Inside Out 

MUSIC EVENTS 

Performance: Arias for sopranos, by Suzanne Shakespeare (BSR), 

accompanied by Yuri Takenaka 

UK EVENTS 

Insiders/Outsiders in Rome through the Ages 

Outsiders or insiders in society and the cemetery? Evidence 

for the burial and commemoration of newborns and infants 

in Rome and Roman Italy 

Maureen Carroll, Balsdon Fellow 2007–8 

‘These northern artists who come and go without 

regulation’: northern painters at the Academy of Saint Luke, 

1590–1630 

Lucy Davis, Rome Fellow 2007–8 

It has to be this way 

Lindsay Seers, Wingate Rome Scholar 2007–8 

Spatial traslation 

Prisca Thielmann, Rome Scholar in Architecture 2007–8 

Andrew Wallace-Hadrill (BSR): Herculaneum: a future for the past? 

Exhibitions in the series ‘Immagini e memoria’ 

Immagini e Memoria: Rome in the Photographs of Father Peter Paul 

Mackey 1890–1901, at Sir John Soane’s Museum, London, and 

accompanying lecture by Valerie Scott (BSR) 

21

A RCHAEOLOGY 

Archaeology enjoyed yet another successful year of 

activity. Work focused primarily upon its flagship research 

programme — the Roman Ports Project — which involved all 

staff in a second season of excavation and survey at Portus. 

There was also a first meeting of active participants in the 

Roman Port Networks in the Mediterranean. Archaeology was 

successful in broadening the remit of its activities in the 

western Mediterranean, and in hosting major conferences and 

workshops in collaboration with the Society for Libyan Studies 

and with other institutions and foreign academies in Rome. 

THE ROMAN PORTS PROJECT 

This project, directed by Simon Keay, is enhancing our 

understanding of Portus, the port of Imperial Rome, through 

excavation, survey and the analysis of finds. It also explores 

Portus’s relationship to other ports across the Mediterranean. 

Excavations and Survey at Portus and in its Hinterland 

These were directed by Simon Keay and Graeme Earl 

(Southampton), assisted by Dott.ssa Lidia Paroli 

(Soprintendenza per i Beni Archeologici di Ostia) and 

funded by the Arts and Humanities Research Council 

(AHRC), the BSR, the Soprintendenza per i Beni 

Archeologici di Ostia and the Universities of Southampton 

and Cambridge. They drew upon the collaboration of 

Parsifal Cooperativa di Archeologia (Rome), and involved 

participants from the Universities of Southampton, 

Cambridge, Rome ‘La Sapienza’, Aix-en-Provence, Lyon, 

Tarragona and Seville. The results of all the 2008 campaigns 

were presented at the second Portus Workshop, which was 

held at the BSR in February 2009. 

Palazzo Imperiale 

Our main effort continues to be targeted upon the Palazzo 

Imperiale, a key three-storey complex at the centre of the 

port that overlooked both the Claudian and Trajanic basins. 

Our findings are beginning to suggest that it was completed 

in the last years of the reign of the Emperor Trajan (AD 

22 

98–117) and that it may have been conceived as a complex 

that served as both a temporary residence for reigning 

emperors on their way to and from Rome, and for the 

imperial official (procurator) responsible for managing Portus 

as a whole. Our work throughout the year also included 

intensive topographical and geophysical surveys of the main 

body of the Palazzo Imperiale and adjacent buildings, in 

order to understand better their layout and to facilitate their 

reconstruction in a virtual reality environment. 

The focus of the most intensive work, however, remained 

the eastern edge of the Palazzo Imperiale, where work began 

in 2007. Excavations and survey took place over six weeks. 

The site was visited by a number of Italian archaeologists 

from the Soprintendenze of Ostia and Rome, and from the 

Università di Roma ‘La Sapienza’, as well as colleagues from 

the Universities of Cologne, Oxford, Cambridge, Aix-en- 

Provence and Texas, and from the Institut Català 

d’Arqueologia Clàssica and the Swedish Institute in Rome. 

One key area comprised the cisterns that lay on the northern 

side of the first-century AD channel that was first uncovered in 

2007. These marked the eastern limit of a line of structures that 

originally would have extended along the northern façade of the 

Palazzo Imperiale overlooking the Claudian basin. It now seems 

certain that they were constructed during the Trajanic and 

Hadrianic periods, undergoing a series of important 

modifications down into the late antique period. During an 

initial stage at least they may have been used to provide fresh 

water for ships leaving Portus on their homeward journeys. 

Attention was also directed towards the south side of the 

channel in order to locate its edge and learn more about the 

layout of the port between it and the Trajanic basin. While 

the channel still proved elusive, the excavations did uncover 

the northern face of a massive rectangular building of 

Trajanic date along its south side. A combination of 

excavation, ground-penetrating radar, resistance 

tomography and topographic survey suggest that this was 

conceived as a single two- or three-storey structure, possibly 

a warehouse or barrack block, that was circa 80 metres wide,

Above: White marble head from excavations at Portus 

Right: General view of the concentric oval walls of the 

Ludus at Portus 

ran in an east to west direction for some 250 metres and 

was composed of a series of parallel corridors running from 

north to south for its entire length. Analysis of the façade 

that opened on to the channel revealed that the building 

underwent major changes during the course of the Imperial 

period, culminating in the later fifth century AD, when it was 

incorporated into the defensive fortification (mura 

costantiniane) that encircled the port complex as a whole. 

Excavations also confirmed that during the Severan 

period the channel was backfilled with sand and then 

covered over with a large (42 metres x 35 metres) oval-plan 

building. This probably can be identified as a small 

amphitheatre (ludus). It has important implications for our 

understanding of the Palazzo Imperiale and adjacent 

buildings, given that structures of this kind are often 

associated with Imperial palaces at Rome, such as the early 

third–century AD Palazzo Sessoriano, and military 

complexes, such as the Castra Praetoria. 

A R C H A E O L O G Y 

In addition to this work, attention was also directed 

towards further understanding late Imperial levels, not least 

including the excavation of a series of late antique burials 

outside the mura costantiniane. The work on the excavation was 

complemented by a programme of environmental coring by 

J.-P. Goiran (Lyon) in an attempt to understand better the 

environmental context of the port: six cores of up to ten 

metres depth were taken at different points across the 

excavation and surrounding area. In addition, samples of the 

pine and oak were taken from cladding around the inside of 

the Hadrianic cistern for dendrochronological dating and 

sourcing work (carried out by S. Manning, Cornell University). 

The Trajanic Basin 

A team led by Justin Dix (National Oceanographic Centre, 

Southampton) undertook a sub-bottom sonar survey of the 

Trajanic basin in order to reveal the depth and profile of the 

basin, and its relationship with the Palazzo Imperiale. Initial 

23


results are encouraging, shedding light upon the depth of 

sediment at the bottom of the lake, and providing us with 

the information needed to plan future underwater 

investigations. We would like to express our gratitude to 

Duke Ascanio Sforza Cesarini for granting us access to his 

property to undertake the survey. 

The Portus Hinterland Survey 

This focuses upon the Isola Sacra, a key land-bridge lying 

between Portus and Ostia, that has considerable potential 

for enhancing our understanding of the relationship 

between both ports. The first two seasons of geophysical 

survey were undertaken in the northern sector in 2008 and 

2009, and were directed by Martin Millett (Cambridge) Kris 

Strutt, Archaeological Prospection Services, Southampton 

(APSS), Paola Germoni (Soprintendenza per i Beni 

Archeologici di Ostia) and Simon Keay. The results are 

shedding important light upon the hinterland of the 

settlement and the adjacent cemetery lying on the south side 

of the Fossa Traiana. The second season of survey (March 

2009) focused upon the western part of the isola, which lay 

between the area surveyed in 2008 and the excavated 

cemetery. The most notable discovery here was a large canal 

or body of water of uncertain function, circa 80 metres wide, 

lying to the west of the statio marmorum and to the south of 

the Fossa Traiana. This seems to have been integral to the 

replanning of Portus under Trajan, and is bound to shed 

important light upon the functioning of Portus and its 

relationship with Ostia. The survey also revealed traces of a 

section of the Via Flavia that ran between Portus and Ostia. 

Roman Port Networks 

This sub-project explores changing economic relationships 

between Portus and other mediterranean Roman ports. It is 

being funded by the University of Southampton and the 

Institut Català d’Arqueologia Clàssica, and is supported by 

two PhD students. Following upon the success of the 2008 

workshop, this year saw some twenty colleagues from 

24 

universities and research institutions throughout Europe 

and the Mediterranean meet at the BSR to develop a 

protocol and timetable for the sharing of amphora and 

marble data from port sites across the Mediterranean within 

a Semantic Web environment, with a view to a major 

international conference at the BSR (2011) and subsequent 

publication. 

West Mediterranean Port Hinterlands 

This sub-project aims to establish a mediterranean context 

for Portus by means of the geophysical analysis by 

BSR/APSS of the hinterlands of key provincial ports 

supplying Rome. Attention to date has been focused upon 

ports in Italy, Iberia and North Africa. The most exciting 

development this year was a first season of geophysical and 

topographical survey at Leptis Magna (Libya), focusing 

upon the coastline between the famous hunting baths to the 

west and the amphitheatre at the eastern extremity. It was 

undertaken on behalf of Marco Polo Storica in 

collaboration with the Università Roma Tre (Dott.ssa Luisa 

Musso), Thetis (Venice), the Libyan Department of 

Antiquities at Leptis Magna (Dr Mehemed Massaud) and 

with the support of the Society for Libyan Studies. 

GEOPHYSICS 

Over the course of the year a series of surveys was 

conducted at important sites throughout Italy, led by Sophie 

Hay (APSS) and Stephen Kay (BSR), and involving BSR 

staff Elizabeth DeGaetano, Jessica Ogden, Leonie Pett, 

Giles Richardson and Gregory Tucker. 

The team is applying the technique of groundpenetrating, 

specifically radar, on the site of the Temple of 

the Gens Flavia in the Piazza della Repubblica, within the 

later Baths of Diocletian on behalf of Professor Filippo 

Coarelli; on the site of the Basilica Noniana at Herculaneum 

on behalf of the Director’s Herculaneum Conservation 

Project; in the vicinity of the Porta Stabia at Pompeii on 

behalf of Dr Steven Ellis (Cincinnati), and at the site of Le

Salzare at Fosso dell’Incastro near Ardea. This small river 

port is currently being investigated by Dr Francesco Di 

Mario (Soprintendenza per i Beni Archeologici per il Lazio), 

and the survey focused on investigating the possible earlier 

phases of a Roman temple. Other sites investigated over the 

course of the year include Gabii (Lazio), where a 25-hectare 

survey was undertaken on behalf of Dr Nicola Terrenato 

(Michigan). This completed a study that was begun in 2007 

of the whole intramural area of the Latin town. It revealed, 

for the first time, the unique road network of the town, 

which had been heavily influenced by the natural 

topography of the site, which lies on the edge of the 

volcanic crater of Lake Castiglione. This year also saw 

further survey in northern Campania, where the BSR was 

invited once again by the Comune di Atella (Ing. Salvatore 

Di Costanzo) and the Soprintendenza per i Beni 

Archeologici di Caserta e Benevento (Dott.ssa Elena 

Laforgia) to survey an area in the vicinity of the Roman 

town of Atella. The survey, applying both resistivity and 

Above: A pavement in opus sectile uncovered during the excavations at 

the site of the Roman villa at San Lorenzo (Falacrinae) 

Left: Sections by resistance tomography of the Basilica, Herculaneum. 

The red areas indicate possible buried structures, while the blue areas 

indicate Bourbon tunnels 

magnetometry, recorded the outbuildings of the medieval 

Casale di Teverolaccio. 

The BSR is also one of a number of collaborators across 

Europe involved in a programme of applied geophysics at 

Ammaia in Portugal, in the context of the RADIO-PAST 

project funded by the EU Framework 7 Marie Curie 

scheme, coordinated by the Universities of Ghent and 

Evora (Drs Frank Vermeulen and Cristina Corsi). 

COLLABORATION WITH THE SOCIETY FOR LIBYAN STUDIES 

As a further step in developing a closer relationship with the 

Society for Libyan Studies, the BSR hosted a workshop in 

Punic archaeology in November 2008. This was organised by 

25


Andrew Wilson (Society for Libyan Studies) in conjunction 

with Josephine Quinn and Jonathan Prag (Oxford). It was 

funded by the British Academy as part of its Reconnecting the 

Mediterranean initiative, and drew upon speakers from 

universities in Italy, Malta, Spain, Tunisia and the UK. 

OTHER FIELD PROJECTS 

The fourth season of BSR excavations took place at the site 

of Falacrinae, as part of the Vespasian Project directed by Dr 

Helen Patterson (BSR Molly Cotton Fellow) and Professor 

Filippo Coarelli (Perugia). Excavations at the vicus shed light 

on the earliest occupation at the site, as well as something of 

the non-urban character of the Roman vicus itself. The site of 

the Roman villa at San Lorenzo, being supervised by 

Stephen Kay, with the support of BSR staff Roberta Cascino 

and Cinzia Filippone, is now understood to have been a 

monumental complex, that developed through multiple 

phases, beginning under Augustus and growing throughout 

the Imperial period until its abandonment in the second 

century AD although later reoccupied in the fourth century 

AD. The Imperial villa was dominated by a large courtyard, 

with a portico on at least one side, while to the west were the 

remains of a possible garden. The residential area of the villa 

lay to the north, where the excavation revealed a white 

mosaic floor, belonging to a second phase of occupation, 

and a luxurious marble floor in opus sectile. The site was 

eventually abandoned in the early fifth century AD, as is 

attested by a destruction layer of burnt roof timbers and the 

collapsed roof, which sealed a layer rich in ceramics, coins 

and bronze vessels. The BSR also supported the successful 

completion of a further season of excavation at the villa of 

Emperor Marcus Aurelius at Villa Magna (Anagni), directed 

by Dr Lisa Fentress. 

CONFERENCES 

In addition to those mentioned previously, the BSR hosted 

several other conferences and workshops in the course of 

the year, including the sixth Incontro di Studi sul Lazio e la 

26 

Sabina, and the second Valle Giulia workshop, Urban 

Landscape Survey (March 2009) in conjunction with the 

Belgian and Dutch Academies. BSR staff were also busy 

giving papers and hosting sessions at a range of important 

meetings, including the AIAC XVI Congress of Classical 

Archaeology at Rome (September 2008), the Incontri 

sull’Archeologia dei Paesaggi workshop II at Salerno 

(November 2008), Geofisica per l’Archeologia at Rome hosted 

by CISTeC (December 2008), Computer Applications in 

Archaeology at Williamsburg, USA (April 2009), ASMOSIA 

at Tarragona (June 2009). Simon Keay gave the second 

Byvanck/BABESCH lecture on the Portus Project at the 

National Archaeological Museum in Leiden in December 

2008. He was also invited by the Consejo Superior de 

Investigaciones Científicas to evaluate the performance and 

strategic plan (for the period 2010–13) for the Escuela 

Española de Historia y Arqueología en Roma in Madrid 

(February 2009). 

STAFF 

After two years’ outstanding work, Leonie Pett (Geophysical 

Research Assistant) left in late September 2008 to start a 

PhD at the University of Cambridge. Her position was filled 

by Gregory Tucker, a masters graduate in maritime 

archaeology from the University of Southampton. Elizabeth 

De Gaetano (Geophysical Research Assistant) also departed 

in December 2008 after two years’ excellent work at the 

BSR after her successful application to the AHRC for full 

funding to complete her PhD at the University of 

Southampton. In January 2009 Jessica Ogden, who has just 

successfully completed her MSc in Archaeological 

Computing and Geophysics at the University of 

Southampton joined the geophysics team, while Giles 

Richardson (Geophysical Research Assistant) departed in 

order to further his interest in underwater archaeology. 

Simon Keay 

Research Professor in Archaeology

FACULTY OF A RCHAEOLOGY, HISTORY AND L ETTERS 

The Faculty opened its meeting on 4 March 2009 by 

thanking the School’s outgoing Director Andrew 

Wallace-Hadrill for his ‘solicitous attention to the 

professional concerns of the Faculty over the past fourteen 

years’. Behind this gesture and comment lies a great swathe 

of achievements on Andrew’s part that have hugely 

enhanced the scholarship that we exist to support. It seems 

almost invidious to single out individual aspects, but 

perhaps I may be permitted to comment on two. First, the 

leadership Andrew has shown in developing modern studies 

within the School – aided, of course, by David Forgacs, who 

returns to his post at University College London at the end 

of this academic year and to whom the Faculty is also 

immensely grateful. Second, there are the building projects 

that have seen the School’s Library and Lecture Theatre 

become facilities that can hardly be bettered among the 

foreign academies in Rome. It is a great credit to Valerie 

Scott and her staff that the highest standard of support for 

scholarship is being maintained. Meanwhile, the Lecture 

Theatre has proved so successful a venue that Council has 

had to consider a strategic reduction of the programme that 

the admirable Sue Russell and her colleagues run. 

Andrew’s period of time as Director has seen other 

developments. The Fellowship for Grand Tour or Anglo- 

Italian Cultural Studies, generously funded by the Paul 

Mellon Centre for Studies in British Art, has now passed its 

tenth year with the tenure of William Eisler, whilst the new 

Giles Worsley Travel Fellowship was held in the autumn by 

Rebecca Madgin. Rebecca gave a presentation about her 

work to a large audience at Sotheby’s in London in January 

and has gone straight on to a research fellowship at the 

University of Glasgow. Meaghan McEvoy (Rome Scholar 

2008–9) will take up a British Academy Postdoctoral 

Fellowship this coming autumn, while Claire Holleran 

(Rome Awardee 2008–9) has a Leverhulme Early Career 

Fellowship at the University of Liverpool and Emma-Jayne 

Graham (Rome Fellow 2005–6), has been appointed to a 

teaching fellowship at the University of St Andrews. It is 

also gratifying that we have been able to pick senior fellows 

who have played important mentoring roles at the School in 

addition to pursuing their own research. Balsdon Fellow 

Michael Bury and Hugh Last Fellow Stephen Heyworth are 

to be greatly thanked for their efforts in this regard. 

Thanks are also due to the two members of the Faculty 

whose five-year terms of office came to an end in 

December: Charles Burdett and Ruth Whitehouse. In 

addition, Martin Millett has had to step down from the 

Faculty this summer in order to take up the position of 

Chair of BASIS, the body of the British Academy through 

which the School receives state support. They leave the 

Faculty as it continues to adjust to its new role overseeing 

the School’s publications activities as well as awards and 

archaeology. The early signs are that the new system is 

working very well, with a great increase in the number and 

range of colleagues able to have some input to the School’s 

academic and publishing profile. 

It is unfortunate to have to close this report by noting, 

however, that financial pressures stemming from reduced 

income and an extremely detrimental sterling-euro 

exchange rate have begun to have an effect on the Faculty’s 

activities. Our March meeting, principally held to award 

Scholarships, Fellowships and Grants for 2009–10 (and 

masterminded as efficiently as ever by the exceptional 

Registrar Gill Clark) saw a strong field of applicants but 

was followed by the disappointment of discovering that 

Council could fund only four of the top five candidates to 

be dispatched to Rome. This situation makes it even more 

imperative for Faculty to keep in mind the need for 

external support for the humanities. If there is one thing 

readers of this report can do to help, it is to let us know of 

organisations or individuals who might be prevailed upon 

to give some support to the humanities activities of the 

British School at Rome that we all value so highly. 

Frank Salmon 

Chair, Faculty of Archaeology, History and Letters 

27

F INE A RTS AWARDS F INE A RTS S CHOLARS’ ACTIVITIES 

Abbey Fellows in Painting 

Dragica Janketic Carlin 

Luke Caulfield 

Graham Durward 

Abbey Scholar in Painting 

Eddie Peake 

Arts Council England Helen Chadwick Fellow 

Cath Keay 

Australia Council Residents 

Kimberlee Anderson 

Gabriella Bisetto 

Penelope Cain 

Derek Hill Foundation Scholar in Portraiture 

Ruth Murray 

Photoworks Fellow 

David Spero 

Quebec Architecture Resident 

Pierre Gendron 

Rome Scholar in Architecture 

James Robertson 

Rome Scholar in the Fine Arts 

Sara Barker 

Rome Scholar in Landscape Architecture 

Joseph Bedford 

Sainsbury Scholars in Painting and Sculpture 

Katie Cuddon 

Celia Hempton 

Sargant Fellow 

Amikam Toren 

Wingate Rome Scholar 

Liz Rideal 

28 

Building upon contacts set in place during previous 

years, as well as the interest of the new city government 

in developing its relationships with the foreign academies, 

2008–9 was marked by a large number of exhibitions and 

projects involving BSR artists and architects, who had 

frequent contacts with residents of the other foreign 

institutions. 

On 26 and 27 September 2008, a brief exhibition entitled 

Tempo Reale presented works created by Fine Arts scholars 

Cath Keay, Amanda Marburg and Liz Rideal, and by other 

artists then resident (Christopher Cook, and former Fine 

Arts scholars Richard Kirwan and Tony Lloyd). 

The first of three BSR scholars’ introductory talks took 

place on 30 October. The following night, Fine Arts 

scholars were introduced to curator Fabio Campagna, a 

contact that would bear fruit throughout the year. 

The Fine Arts exhibition Figure of 8 — supported by 

Dalla Vedova Legal Practice — opened on 12 December 

2008. It included works by Joseph Bedford, Penelope Cain, 

Dragica Carlin, Katie Cuddon, Celia Hempton, Rebecca 

Madgin, Ruth Murray, Eddie Peake and Liz Rideal. The 

exhibition (and the other two that were to follow in March 

and June) had many visitors from the other foreign 

academies and the Rome art community. 

Thanks to the support of our lawyer Gianmatteo 

Nunziante, on 18 December Penelope Cain, Katie Cuddon 

and Liz Rideal exhibited new works in different media, 

collectively entitled Avvolgere Svolgere at the Nunziante 

Magrone Legal Practice’s Christmas cocktail party. 

On 23 December, Fabio Campagna organised Bites, an 

outdoor video projection of works by Penelope Cain and 

Liz Rideal at ESC Atelier Occupato in the San Lorenzo 

district. 

In January, Joseph Bedford, Katie Cuddon, Celia 

Hempton, Eddie Peake and Liz Rideal visited Bologna as 

guests of Marianna Di Giansante at her Æmilia Hotel, with 

a view to the third exhibition of BSR Fine Arts scholars in 

the hotel’s Spazio Cultura.

Above: Studio 7, Via Antonio Gramsci 61, Rome 2009, by David Spero 

(Photoworks Fellow) 

Right: Decycle: Abstract, 2009, by Amikam Toren (Sargant Fellow) 

On 30 January Joseph Bedford, Penelope Cain, Katie 

Cuddon, Celia Hempton, Eddie Peake and Liz Rideal 

exhibited at RialtoSantambrogio in an event entitled 123456 

— Craack!, curated by Fabio Campagna. The show involved 

drawings, video projections and a performance by Katie 

Cuddon, Celia Hempton and Eddie Peake, wearing 

costumes created by Eddie. 

On 3 February Eddie, Katie and Celia reworked this 

performance as Tracce, walking from the Pantheon to a stage 

set in the Temple of Hadrian, on the final night of the yearly 

Alta Roma fashion show. 

The March Fine Arts exhibition, Our Lives are Full of 

Remarkable Coincidences, including Sara Barker, Joseph Bedford, 

Gabriella Bisetto, Luke Caulfield, Katie Cuddon, Celia 

Hempton, Cath Keay, Eddie Peake and James Robertson, 

opened on 13 March. The exhibition was the subject of a 

lecture given by Jacopo Benci to a group of Contemporary 

European Art History students from Università della Tuscia. 

Accademia delle Accademie, involving 28 artists from eight 

foreign academies, curated by Shara Wasserman, took place 

from 1 to 5 April at the Temple of Hadrian, as part of The 

Road to Contemporary Art international art fair. A new 

generation of British artists was brought to the attention of 

F I N E A R T S S C H O L A R S ’ A C T I V I T I E S 

a wider public through the work of BSR participants Sara 

Barker, Katie Cuddon, Celia Hempton and Eddie Peake. 

Marco Delogu, director of the annual FotoGrafia festival, 

invited the foreign academies to participate in the 2009 

edition. David Spero, the inaugural Photoworks Fellow, 

represented the School. Photoworks generously supported 

the project by securing the shipment of David’s 

photographs to Rome. The exhibition David Spero: Churches, 

opened at the BSR on 15 May. It was the subject of a lecture 

given by Jacopo Benci to a group of students from the 

Perugia Academy of Fine Arts. On 29 May David Spero 

gave a talk about his work at the Palazzo delle Esposizioni, 

as part of the events programme of FotoGrafia 2009, and on 

31 May he signed copies of his Churches monograph at s.t. 

fotolibreriagalleria. Also on 31 May, Jacopo Benci gave an 

illustrated talk at the Palazzo delle Esposizioni on the 

showreel programme he curated for the festival, Emotion 

Recollected in Tranquillity, comprising works by nine 

photographers/artists (seven of whom were ex–BSR 

scholars). 

Several other exhibitions involving BSR Fine Arts 

scholars took place in May and June. Grand Tour Bologna. The 

British School at Rome, II (Joseph Bedford, Katie Cuddon, 

29


Above: One foot x one foot x one second, 2007, by 

Pierre Gendron (Québec Architecture Resident) 

30 

Right: Principe di Piemonte, 2009, 

by Cath Keay (ACE Helen Chadwick 

Fellow) 

Below: Child of the Great Transformers, 2008, 

by Ruth Murray (Derek Hill Foundation 

Scholar) 

Left: Circles, 2008, by Dragica Janketic 

Carlin (Abbey Fellow in Painting) 

Right: Untitled Hunting Apparatus, 2009, 

by Katie Cuddon (Sainsbury Scholar in 

Painting and Sculpture)

Pound, 2009, by Penelope Cain (Australia Council Resident) 

Celia Hempton, Eddie Peake and Liz Rideal) opened on 12 

May at Æmilia Hotel in Bologna. Katie Cuddon, Celia 

Hempton and Eddie Peake participated in the seventh 

edition of Spazi Aperti, curated by Mirela Pribac at the 

Romanian Academy. The second edition of Academy 

Architects at the Acquario at the Casa dell’Architettura, curated 

by Shara Wasserman, opened on 3 June. This included 

Joseph Bedford and Pierre Gendron, the inaugural Quebec 

Architecture Resident. 

Don’t Look Away, the final Fine Arts exhibition for 2008–9, 

opened on 12 June, involving new works by Joseph Bedford, 

Katie Cuddon, Graham Durward, Pierre Gendron, Celia 

Hempton, Eddie Peake, David Spero and Amikam Toren. 

David Spero was invited to take part in the exhibition A 

Question of Time. Roman Campaigns: Historical and Contemporary 

Photography, which opened on 15 June at the American 

Academy in Rome. The show combined historic 

photographs of Rome with new interpretations of the same 

sites by six contemporary photographers. 

The year was given a fitting conclusion on 27 June with 

the performance/exhibition Second Style: an Odyssey Frieze, 

conceived and directed by Ralegh Radford Rome Scholar 

Marden Nichols, staged in the BSR gallery — adorned with 

large scale mural replicas of the first-century BC Odyssey 

Frieze painted by Celia Hempton — and performed by 

Katie Cuddon, Celia Hempton, Jessica Harris, Sarah 

Keenan-Jones, Duncan Keenan-Jones, and Joseph Bedford. 


This was followed by a farewell party in honour of Andrew 

and Jo Wallace-Hadrill. 

A series of monthly screenings of films on modern Rome 

made between 1945 and 2005 ran throughout the year. The 

films were selected and introduced by David Forgacs and 

Jacopo Benci, who also discussed each film with the 

participating residents. 

Fine Arts site visits included a tour of a selection of the 

Rome galleries opening for the October Roma Art Weekend; 

a visit to Monte Testaccio, the Protestant Cemetery, the 

Testaccio quarter, and Luigi Moretti’s Ex-GIL on 21 

October; and a joint Fine Arts and Humanities trip to 

Vicenza and Parma for the Palladio and Correggio 

exhibitions (7–9 November). A walk around the 1930s–40s 

monumental area of EUR, on 9 February 2009, included 

specially arranged tours of the Palazzo dei Congressi and 

the Palazzo degli Uffici. A second visit to Luigi Moretti’s 

Ex-GIL, hosted by Architect Luigi Prisco of Regione Lazio, 

took place on 19 February, and a tour of the 1920–31 

Garbatella council-housing estates took place on 17 April. 

Scholars were provided with information on events at the 

other foreign academies and at Rome galleries and 

museums; and were given advice and support for individual 

and group explorations of Rome and further afield. An 

excellent example of a fruitful use of these opportunities 

was Joseph Bedford’s film The Walls of Rome: Towards 

DeTermination, shown at the School in the Don’t Look Away 

exhibition. The film had been growing through the year, 

incorporating places, issues and people Joseph had come 

across through discussions, film screenings and site visits 

and through contacts secured by members of staff. 

Research Assistant Alessandra Giacinti provided 

constant, effective support for all of the events, worked on 

sourcing materials and suppliers for the Fine Arts scholars, 

and helped them engage with the city. 

Jacopo Benci 

Assistant Director (Fine Arts) 

31

FACULTY OF THE F INE A RTS 

This has been a year of considerable change and reassessment. 

As the new Chair of the Faculty of the Fine 

Arts, it is my pleasure to congratulate Andrew Wallace- 

Hadrill on his new appointment and to thank him for his 

contribution to the role of Fine Arts at the School, for a 

building programme that extended the gallery facilities and 

for the development of an ambitious range of opportunities 

for artists at the School. I must also thank Jenni Lomax 

who, for six years as Chair, has given her time, support and 

invaluable advice to both staff and the Faculty. I join with 

members of the Faculty in congratulating her following her 

award of the OBE, for ‘services to the visual arts’. I must also 

thank members of the Faculty who stepped down this year, 

Cathy Hawley and Alison Turnbull, and welcome new 

members, Sonia Boyce MBE, William Cobbing, Tania Kovats 

and the architect Robert Tavernor. 

During the year two new opportunities were introduced 

to the School’s residency programme and, sadly, one, the 

Wingate Rome Scholarship in the Fine Arts, ceased after a 

very successful ten-year period. The School is grateful to 

the Harold Hyam Wingate Foundation for its support of 

this scholarship, and the opportunity it provided for one 

artist each year to be a part of the School community for 

five months. 

The Photoworks Fellowship is the first residency at the 

BSR devoted exclusively to photography and lens-based 

media. It will be available every two years, and is designed to 

give mid-career artists an opportunity to undertake a threemonth 

period of studio-based research. The residency is 

supported by Photoworks, an independent visual arts 

organisation that provides opportunities for emerging and 

established artists, curators and writers. 

The Quebec Architecture Scholarship, funded by the 

Conseil des Arts et des Lettres du Québec, is a three-month 

residency for professionals in the field of architecture, 

landscape architecture, urban planning and environmental 

design. It adds further depth to the innovative architecture 

programme. 

32 

After twelve years, the year marked the end in its current 

form of the Contemporary Arts Programme at the School, 

which had presented an imaginative and ambitious 

programme. The Faculty extends grateful thanks to 

Cristiana Perrella, curator since 1998, who brought to the 

School and to Rome many of the most significant British 

artists of the last decade. One-person shows included those 

by Martin Maloney, Mark Wallinger, Adam Chodzko, 

Richard Billingham, Yinka Shonibare, Sophy Rickett, Martin 

Creed, Mike Nelson, Douglas Gordon, Ian Kiaer and Chris 

Evans. Cristiana’s programme of recent video art has been 

recognised properly as a major contribution to the 

documentation of contemporary film and has included 

Sweetie; Female Identity in British Art, Video Vibe, and the Video 

Zone series. Screenings and lecture series added considerably 

to local interest in the School’s programme. 

It was with great sadness that we heard of the death in 

July of Gordon Burn, the inaugural Sargant Fellow in 

Curatorial and Critical Studies, 2007–8. 

During the year, Tim Llewellyn, the distinguished art 

historian and BSR Council member, undertook a review of 

the fine arts at the School and reported to Council. The 

primary focus of the review was the artists’ residencies and 

their relationship with the rest of the School. Tim’s 

recommendations were welcomed by Council and Faculty as 

both timely and encouraging of a more coherent and 

engaging approach to contemporary visual practice. He 

proposes to establish long-term strands of investigation, 

embracing all disciplines, and to reintroduce the means by 

which distinguished practitioners might have a regular 

presence in the School. There are many practical and 

financial implications to the proposals, and the Faculty and I 

look forward to working with him, the staff, Council and 

the Faculty of Archaeology, History and Letters to realise 

many aspects of our aspirations for the future. 

John Gill 

Chair, Faculty of the Fine Arts

A RCHITECTURE P ROGRAMME 

This year saw the continuation of the series 

London–Rome: Work in Process. This programme aims to 

provide a forum for debate between visiting architects, BSR 

residents and Italian professionals and scholars, by 

discussing the experiences and concerns of young architects 

in the two capitals and comparing and contrasting 

influences, working methods, conditions and opportunities. 

The programme is organised in collaboration with the 

Architecture Foundation in London and the 

PARC–Ministero dei Beni Culturali in Rome and INARCH 

(Istituto Nazionale di Architettura). 

A further objective of these events is to provide useful 

contacts in Rome and Italy for BSR architects and artists 

and to attract funding and new scholarships. 

In November, the London practice AOC gave a lecture and 

exhibition as the second event in the series. Even though 

AOC were relatively unknown in Italy, Tom Coward and 

Daisy Froud attracted a large and predominantly young 

audience. As well as providing a dynamic lecture, AOC 

transformed the foyer space with a highly-entertaining show 

made up of a series of interactive wall drawings, working 

diagrams and photographs. AOC’s more experimental 

approach to their work is similar to that of some of the 

Rome practices, including the Roman architects Ma0, whom 

we featured in the summer of 2008. 

Also during November, we were asked by the design 

gallery, Babuino 900, to host the launch of the book 

Cucchi/Sottsass. It documents the collaboration between the 

artist and architect, which led to them working together for 

the University of Salerno. The presentation was followed by 

the opening of the Sottsass exhibition at Babuino 900 and 

links to our previous cycle of lectures and exhibitions Spaces 

for Art, which concentrated on the relationship between art 

and architecture. 

In February 2009, the London-based practice Carmody 

Groarke provoked lively debate with a lecture that focused 

on both their temporary and permanent pavilions, their 

collaborations with artists, and their 7 July Memorial that 

Time Scale, an exhibition by Carmody Groarke to accompany their talk 

in February 2009 

opened in Hyde Park, London in summer 2009. Their 

exhibition of models and wall drawings, Time Scale, 

concentrated on the wide range and scale of work by this 

three-year-old practice. 

Andrea Stipa Architettura, the second of the Rome practices 

featured in the current series, ended the cycle for the year by 

producing an unusual installation to display some of its most 

recent projects, many of them still to be built. Doubtless, the 

difficult working conditions suffered by Italian architects 

will be one of the themes discussed at forthcoming events. 

Looking forward, Witherford Watson Mann and IAN+ 

will show at the BSR in autumn 2009. London-Rome: Work in 

Process will then conclude with a series of three round table 

discussions between the London and Rome architects at the 

Royal College of Art in February 2010 organised in 

collaboration with the Architecture Foundation in London. 

None of these events could take place without the support 

of our sponsors: the PARC, the John S. Cohen Foundation, 

the Nicholas Boas Charitable Trust, the British Council, the 

Bryan Guinness Charitable Trust and the Australian 

Embassy. Finally, we would also like to thank Fulvio Astolfi, 

Jacopo Benci, Renato Parente, Giuseppe Pellegrino, Chris 

Siwicki and Rosanna Tripaldi for all their help. 

Marina Engel 

Curator, Architecture Programme 

33

P UBLICATIONS 

Anticipation and expectation — these have been the 

key words for the publications programme in 2008–9. 

At the meeting of the Faculty of Archaeology, History and 

Letters in November, the Chair of Publications was able to 

report that, after a puzzling hiatus, we expected some seven 

volumes, all of them closely linked to School projects, to be 

submitted within the following twelve months for 

consideration for publication by the School. Four of these 

have been submitted, have been assessed by external 

readers, and have been accepted for publication. Thus 

2009–10 will be an exceptionally busy year, preparing the 

volumes and then publishing them. The range of titles 

hopefully will prove attractive to many: Roma Britannica. Art 

Patronage and Cultural Exchange in Eighteenth-century Rome, 

edited by David R. Marshall, Susan Russell and Karin 

Wolfe; San Vincenzo Maggiore and its Workshops, by Richard 

Hodges, Sarah Leppard and John Mitchell; ‘Veii. The 

Historical Topography of the Ancient City’. A Restudy of John 

Ward-Perkins’s Survey, edited by Helen Patterson, Roberta 

Cascino and Helga Di Giuseppe; and Recent Archaeological 

Research at Portus and in its Hinterland, edited by Simon Keay 

and Lidia Paroli. 

Those volumes that have been published continue to 

receive excellent reviews. Of Archives & Excavations, edited 

by the late Ilaria Bignamini, ‘This is an illuminating volume 

of collected papers … a fascinating and well-produced 

volume, which reveals the wealth of tapped and untapped 

archive material for Rome … [Contributions] all are 

extremely accessible and suitably illustrated’, Journal of 

Medieval Archaeology 52 (2008); of Between Text and Territory, 

edited by Kim Bowes, Karen Francis and Richard Hodges, 

‘un’importante pubblicazione … la sintesi … sulla quasi 

ventennale attività della missione britannica nel territorio 

circostante la fondazione monastica molisana … Il bel titolo 

del volume ricorda la fortuna di S. Vincenzo, fondazione 

ricca tanto di fonti scritte quanto di evidenze materiali, ed è 

anche ripreso [nel] capitolo conclusivo che, non a caso, si 

chiude ricordando l’opzione metodologica di tutto il lavoro, 

34 

cioè l’integrazione tra fonti scritte e reperti archeologici’, 

Quellen und Forschungen 88 (2008). 

Papers of the British School at Rome 76 (2008) was published 

in December. This was the first volume with a new design. 

It contains a range of papers, including contributions on a 

possible painting of Cleopatra in Pompeii (by Susan Walker, 

Balsdon Fellow 2006–7), on the walls of Rome between the 

Porta Latina and the Appia (by Lucos Cozza, Honorary 

Fellow), on the Jerusalem Temple treasure and the church 

of Santi Cosma e Damiano in Rome (by John Osborne, 

Rome Scholar 1978–9, Honorary Fellow), on a portrait of 

Cardinal Pompeo Colonna (by Piers Baker Bates, Rome 

Scholar 2002–3), on the use of events in the Middle Ages 

(especially the barbarian migrations) in Risorgimento 

literature and music (by Ian Wood, Balsdon Fellow 2005–6), 

and on recent migration to Italy, and in particular the 

verbalisations of power relations between hosts and 

migrants, and the verbal and visual representations of 

migrants (by David Forgacs, Rome Scholar 1977–8, 

currently BSR Research Professor in Modern Studies). 

We can also report that an agreement has been signed 

with JSTOR, so that back issues of the Papers will be 

included in their digital archive. This should be of 

enormous value to the School and the academic community 

more generally. 

Academic validation for the formal academic 

publications of the School rests with the Faculty of 

Archaeology, History and Letters. We are grateful to all 

members of the Faculty for their contribution, and in 

particular to the Chair of Publications, Bryan Ward-Perkins, 

and the Editor of the Papers, Josephine Crawley Quinn, who 

are extremely generous with their time and knowledge. 

Gill Clark 

Publications Manager 

A list of publications in print and details of how to order books appear on 

pages 52–3. Any enquiries should be addressed to the School’s London office.

L IBRARY AND A RCHIVE 

There has been an extraordinary increase in activities and 

events relating to the Library and Archive over the past 

few years, which was triggered in 2002 by a generous grant 

from The Getty Foundation. This funded the cataloguing of 

three nineteenth-century collections of photographs and, to 

publicise the project, an exhibition of a selection from one 

of these collections was held in the BSR in 2005: the 

photographs of Rome taken by Father Peter Paul Mackey 

during the 1890s. 

This exhibition travelled to London in June 2009 and was 

hosted by Sir John Soane’s Museum — a prestigious venue 

indeed. The new partnership that has been established 

between the two institutions this year is very exciting and we 

look forward to hosting an event for the Museum in Rome. 

But this would not have come about without the support of 

our friends, John and Virginia Murray, to whom we are very 

grateful. Thanks to the generous contributions from many 

BSR friends and sponsors, in particular Peter and Anne 

Wiseman, Gifford Combs and the Paul Mellon Centre for 

Studies in British Art, the exhibition travelled to London 

and was accompanied by a catalogue written by Robert 

Coates-Stephens, BSR Cary Fellow. This volume presents a 

fascinating portrait of a little-known Rome at the end of the 

nineteenth century. On the one hand, it appears still 

immersed in the countryside, more rural than urban, with 

vineyards and market gardens. On the other hand, it is a city 

in ferment, with demolition and building work taking place; 

a city unexpectedly industrial, with smoking chimneys on 

the skyline and factories in the Circus Maximus. 

A second grant from The Getty Foundation in 2007, to 

fund the cataloguing of part of the J.B. Ward-Perkins 

collection of photographs relating to Italian monuments 

damaged during the Second World War, the archaeology of 

Libya and the South Etruria Survey, has also acted as a 

catalyst, linking the BSR to other international initiatives. 

In January, Alessandra Ciangherotti, one of the Getty 

Project cataloguers, gave a paper on the Ward-Perkins 

collection at a seminar on damage to Italian monuments 

British School at Rome Archive ■ Sir John Soane's Museum 

Immagini e memoria 

Rome in the photographs of Father Peter Paul Mackey 

1890-1901 

Cover of the exhibition catalogue, Immagini e Memoria: Rome in the 

Photographs of Father Peter Paul Mackey 1890–1901 

during the Second World War organised by the Uguccione 

Ranieri Sorbello Foundation, Perugia. The outcome of this 

seminar is an application to the EU for funding for a joint 

research project. In February the Librarian was invited to 

give a paper on the project at the colloquium organised by 

the Society for Libyan Studies and the Inscriptions of 

Roman Cyrenaica project (of which we are a partner): 

Roman Libya: Epigraphy, Geography and Archaeology held at 

King’s College, London. 

We have also been invited to participate in a project 

entitled Danni bellici e restauro. Opere di difesa, guasti, pratiche 

d’intervento edilizio e urbano nel secondo dopoguerra, funded by 

35

L I B R A R Y A N D A R C H I V E 

the Italian Ministry for Higher Education and Research and 

involving five Italian universities. 

This project also includes the creation of a new 

website: BSR Library and Archive Digital Collections. The 

digitised images from the catalogued photographs will be 

accessible on this site and it is hoped that, in the future, 

other material — including maps, prints and engravings 

and manuscripts from the Library collection and 

documents from the Archive — will also be available. 

Two pilot projects have already been completed: a 

selection of maps of Rome digitised by the Bibliotheca 

Hertziana as part of the Catalogo Illustrato delle Piante di 

Roma Online project and 100 miscellaneous prints from 

the Thomas Ashby collection funded by the Australian 

Research Council. The material has been catalogued by 

Beatrice Gelosia, Deputy Librarian. 

The Getty Foundation Grants, therefore, have been 

fundamental for the development of the BSR Library and 

Archive over the past seven years, not only funding the 

cataloguing of over 25,000 images from the Photographic 

Archive and a new dedicated website, but also stimulating 

our participation in related international projects, facilitating 

our fundraising activity, and creating opportunities for 

outreach: exhibitions, publications, seminars and courses in 

the history of photographic techniques organised by the 

BSR Archivist, Alessandra Giovenco. We are profoundly 

grateful. 

The Librarian was honoured to receive an invitation to 

spend a week at the Getty Research Institute in October, 

meeting curators and staff and discovering the wealth of 

remarkable resources, which was a very useful and 

stimulating experience. This followed the symposium Sir 

William Gell and the Topographical Imagination, held at the Getty 

Villa, at which both the Director and the Librarian gave 

papers on the manuscripts held in the BSR Library. 

Other news. The number of outside readers using the 

Library has continued to rise and the graph clearly shows 

the dramatic increase. It is, once again, only thanks to David 

36 

The numbers of outside readers using the BSR Library 

Packard’s generous support, through the Packard 

Humanities Institute, that we can continue to provide an 

efficient service and welcome all scholars to the Library. 

The lack of space is also a recurrent problem and some 

areas of the Library are already full. However, we have 

exceptionally agreed to accept a bequest from the estate 

of Piero Lugli, son of Giuseppe Lugli (the archaeologist 

and friend of Thomas Ashby), who expressed the desire 

that part of his Archive, mainly relating to his father, 

should come to the BSR. This will be housed in the BSR 

Archive office. 

We were saddened by the news that Michael Mallett, 

Rome Scholar in 1957 and Assistant Director/Librarian 

from 1962 to 1967 passed away in September 2008. The 

BSR Library has been named as a beneficiary and we have 

selected a number of books from his library. It is with 

pleasure that we have incorporated these into the Library’s 

collections and our sincere condolences and thanks go to 

Luke and Alex Mallett. 

Valerie Scott 

Librarian

P UBLICATIONS AND E XHIBITIONS BY S TAFF 

Jacopo Benci 

2008 Jacopo Benci – Itinerari silenziosi, Nuovo Cinema Aquila, 


2009 Alla corte del Cattivo Governo, Lavatoio Contumaciale, 


2009 Fra le quattro pareti domestiche: Quattro bis, 

Fralequattropareti, Rome. 

2009 ‘(Re)opening up worlds’, in M. Pribac (ed.), Spazi 

Aperti 7: 9–10. Rome, The Romanian Academy. 


2008 ‘Notes from Rome’, in Papers of the British School at 

Rome 76: 299–307. 

2009 Immagini e Memoria. Rome in the Photographs of Father 

Peter Paul Mackey 1890–1901, catalogue of the 

exhibition held at Sir John Soane’s Museum, London, 

from 19 June to 12 September 2009. London, British 

School at Rome. 

Marina Engel 

2008 La Stanza Rossa (Franco Purini), Fondazione Volume, 


David Forgacs 

2008 ‘The words of the migrant: tales of contemporary 

Italy’, in Papers of the British School at Rome 76: 277–97. 

2008 ‘Neorealismo, identità nazionale, modernità’, in L. 

Venzi (ed.), Incontro al neorealismo: 211–21. Rome, 

Edizioni Fondazione Ente dello Spettacolo. 

2008 Full-length audio commentary on ll deserto rosso (M. 

Antonioni, 1964), DVD and Blu-ray. London, British 

Film Institute. 

2009 ‘La photographie et la dénarrativisation de la pratique 

cinématographique en Italie (1935–1955)’, in L. 

Guido and O. Lugon (eds), Fixe/Animé: Croisements de 

la photographie et du cinéma au XXe siècle: 129–46. 

Geneva, Droz. 

2009 ‘Fotografia e antinarratività: alla ricerca delle origini 

del neorealismo cinematografico in Italia’, in Studi e 

ricerche 4/2: 41–58. 

Sue Russell 

2009 ‘Girolamo Mercuriale’s De Arte Gymnastica and papal 

health at the Villa Pamphilj, Rome’, in A. Arcangeli 

and V. Nutton (eds), Girolamo Mercuriale. Medicina e 

cultura nell’Europa del Cinquecento. Atti del convegno 

‘Girolamo Mercuriale e lo spazio scientifico e culturale del 

Cinquecento’ (Forlì, 8–11 novembre 2006): 163–77. N. 10, 

Bibliothèque d’Histoire des Sciences. Florence, Leo S. 

Olschki. 

Simon Keay and Camerone Staff 

2008 F. Coarelli, S. Kay and H. Patterson, ‘Investigations at 

Falacrinae, the birth place of Vespasian’, in Papers of 

the British School at Rome 76: 47–73. 

2008 R. Ferraby, S. Hay, S. Keay and M. Millett, 

‘Archaeological survey at Fregellae 2004–5’, in C. 

Corsi and E. Polito (eds), Dalle sorgenti alla foce. Il 

bacino del Liri-Garigliano nell’antichità: culture, contatti, 

scambi. Atti del convegno, Frosinone–Formia 10–12 

novembre 2005: 125–31. Rome, Quasar. 

2008 S. Hay, S. Keay, M. Millett and T. Sly, ‘Urban fieldsurvey 

at Ocriculum (Otricoli, Umbria)’, in F. Coarelli 

and H. Patterson (eds), Mercator Placidissimus. The 

Tiber Valley in Antiquity. New Research in the Upper and 

Middle River Valley: 797–809. Rome, Quasar. 

2008 S. Keay, G. Earl, S. Hay, S. Kay, J. Ogden and K. 

Strutt, ‘The potential of archaeological geophysics: 

the work of the British School at Rome’, in Geofisica 

per l’archeologia. Possibilità e limiti. Atti del convegno, Roma, 

Palazzo Massimo: 25–44. Rome, CISTEC. 

37

P U B L I C A T I O N S A N D E X H I B I T I O N S B Y S T A F F 

2008 S. Kay and R. Witcher, ‘The Tiber Valley Project. The 

database and geographical information system’, in F. 

Coarelli and H. Patterson (eds), Mercator 

Placidissimus. The Tiber Valley in antiquity. New Research 

in the Upper and Middle River Valley: 417–29. Rome, 

Quasar. 

2008 S. Hay, S. Kay and K. Strutt, ‘Geophysics projects’, in 

Papers of the British School at Rome 76: 328–30. 

2008 F. Coarelli and H. Patterson, Mercator Placidissimus. 

The Tiber Valley in Antiquity. New Research in the Upper 

and Middle River Valley. Rome, Quasar. 

2008 S. Keay and K. Strutt, ‘The role of integrated 

geophysical survey methods in the assessment of 

archaeological landscapes: the case of Portus’, in R. 

Lasaponara and N. Masini (eds), Advances on Remote 

Sensing for Archaeology and Cultural Heritage Management. 

Proceedings of the 1st International EARSeL Workshop 

CNR, Rome, 30 September – 4 October: 121–4. Rome. 

2008 H. Patterson, ‘The middle Tiber valley in the late 

antique and early medieval periods: some 

observations’, in F. Coarelli and H. Patterson (eds), 

Mercator Placidissimus. The Tiber Valley in Antiquity. 

New Research in the Upper and Middle River Valley: 

499–532. Rome, Quasar. 

2008 R. Cascino and M.T. Di Sarcina, ‘L’internal slipware 

nella media valle del Tevere’, in F. Coarelli and H. 

Patterson (eds), Mercator Placidissimus. The Tiber 

Valley in Antiquity. New Research in the Upper and Middle 

River Valley: 559–85. Rome, Quasar. 

2009 S. Keay, ‘Le provincie ispaniche’, in F. Coarelli (ed.), 

Divus Vespasianus. Exhibition catalogue. Milan, Electa. 

2009 S. Keay, G. Earl, S. Hay, S. Kay, J. Ogden and K. 

Strutt, ‘The role of integrated geophysical survey 

methods in the assessment of archaeological 

landscapes: the case of Portus’, in Archaeological 

Prospection 16: 1–13. 

38 


2008 Rome’s Cultural Revolution, Cambridge, Cambridge 

University Press. 

2009 ‘La corte Flavia’ in F. Coarelli (ed.), Divus Vespasianus. 

Il bimillenario dei Flavi: 302–7. Milan, Electa. 

2009 ‘Case dipinte. Il sistema decorativo della casa romana 

come aspetto sociale’ in S. Ensoli, E. La Rocca and S. 

Tortorella (eds), Roma. La pittura di un impero, catalogo 

della mostra, Roma, Scuderie del Quirinale, 24settembre 

2009–17 gennaio 2010. Milan, Skira. 

2009 ‘Courts and Classicists’ in The Court Historian, 14.1: 

69–74. 

Herculaneum Conservation Project 

2009 S. Court and C. Biggi, ‘Young people in conservation: 

international and local participation in safeguarding 

the cultural heritage of Ercolano’, in Proceedings of the 

First International Meeting of Youth in Conservation of 

Cultural Heritage, Rome, 24–25 November 2008: 1–8. 

Rome, IA-CS. 

2009 F. Piqué, G. Verri, C. Miliani, L. Cartechini and G. 

Torraca, ‘Indagini non-invasive sulle pitture del 

tablino della Casa del Bicentenario ad Ercolano’, in 

Materiali e Strutture 9–10 (2007).

Core Staff 

S TAFF 

Director Professor Andrew Wallace-Hadrill, 

(until 1 October 2009) OBE MA DPhil FSA 

(from 1 October 2009) Professor Christopher Smith, 

MA, DPhil FSAS FRHistS FSA 

Research Professor in Archaeology Professor Simon Keay, BA PhD FSA 

Research Professor in Modern Studies Professor David Forgacs, BA PhD* 

Cary Fellow Robert Coates-Stephens, BA PhD 

Molly Cotton Fellow Helen Patterson, BA PhD 

Assistant Director Susan Russell, MA PhD 

Assistant Director (Fine Arts) Jacopo Benci # 

Curator, Contemporary Arts Programme Cristiana Perrella, MA #* 

Librarian Valerie Scott, BA 

Deputy Librarian Beatrice Gelosia 

Library Assistants Francesca De Riso, BA # 

Francesca Deli 

Archivist Alessandra Giovenco, MA # 

Registrar & Publications Manager Gill Clark, BA PhD 

Director’s Assistant Eleanor Murkett, MA 

School Secretary Maria Pia Malvezzi 

Hostel Supervisor Geraldine Wellington 

Hon. Secretary, Subscribers Jo Wallace-Hadrill, MA #* 

Bursar Alvise Di Giulio, BA 

Domestic Bursar Renato Parente 

Accounts Clerk Isabella Gelosia # 

Maintenance Fulvio Astolfi 

Cleaners Donatella Astolfi 

Alba Coratti 

Marisa Scarsella 

Cooks Giuseppe Parente 

Dharma Wijesiriwardana 

Technical Assistant & Waiter Giuseppe Pellegrino 

Waiters/Porters Antonio Palmieri 

Pathirannehalage Sompala #° 

Academic Project Staff 

Portus Project / Archaeological Survey 

Research Assistants Roberta Cascino, MA 

Elizabeth De Gaetano, MSc* 

Giles Richardson, MA* 

Cinzia Filippone, MA 

Stephen Kay, MSc 

Leonie Pett, MA* 

Gregory Tucker, MA° 

Jessica Ogden, MSc° 

Archaeological Illustrator Sally Cann, BA 

Herculaneum Conservation Project 

Project Manager Jane Thompson, MA DipArch 

Research and Outreach 

Co-ordinator Sarah Court, MA 

International Centre for the Study of Herculaneum 

Centre Manager Christian Biggi, MSt 

Website 

Research Assistant Raphael Helman, BArch 

Director’s Projects 

Research Assistant Christopher Siwicki, MA 

Assistant Director’s Projects (Humanities) 

Research Assistant Lucy Davis MA PhD 

Architecture Programme 

Curator Marina Engel, MA 

Contemporary Arts Programme 

Assistant Alessandra Troncone, BA* 

Fine Arts Programme 

Research Assistant Alessandra Giacinti, BFA 

________________ 

# Part-time 

° Joined in 2008–9 

* Left in 2008–9 

39

T RUSTEES’ REPORT 

Structure, Governance and 

Management 

The British School at Rome was founded in 

1901 and incorporated by Royal Charter in 

1912 (Supplemental Charter, 1995). It is a 

registered charity, no. 314176. The governing 

body of the School comprises the President, 

HRH Princess Alexandra, the Hon. Lady 

Ogilvy, KG, GCVO, and the Council. The 

Director acts as the School’s Chief Executive, 

has the right of attendance at all meetings of 

Council and its Subcommittees, and provides 

the secretariat from among the School staff. 

A list of all members of Council 

(Trustees) who have acted during the 2008–9 

financial year appears below, together with 

details of the School’s financial advisers, and 

members of all Subcommittees; a full list of 

members of staff is given on page 39. 

Under the terms of the Royal Charter, two 

Council members are to be appointed by the 

President of the British Academy and the rest 

are appointed by the Council. No fewer than 

seven members must be selected from the 

fields of specialisation and work enshrined in 

the School’s objectives. Care is taken to 

secure a balance between specialists in the 

Fine Arts and the Humanities and generalists 

with legal, financial and fundraising skills. 

Members of Council serve for a term of five 

years, renewable for a maximum of a further 

five years. Members of Council are normally 

required to be under the age of 70 on 

election. They are normally expected to be 

familiar with the School and its work on 

appointment, and are invited to visit the 

School in Rome and to meet staff both there 

and in London as part of an induction 

process. On appointment new trustees sign a 

model trustee declaration of eligibility and 

40 

will meet with the Chairman and Director. 

The welcome pack includes Charity 

Commission guidance, BSR policies, 

strategies, bye-laws and management plan, 

and a copy of the School’s Charter. All 

trustees give of their time freely and no 

trustee remuneration was paid in the year. 

Details of trustee expenses are disclosed in 

note 11 to the accounts. Council normally 

meets three times a year. 

Council is advised on all matters of 

finance and personnel by the Finance and 

Personnel Subcommittee, which includes the 

Chair of Council, the Treasurer, and the 

Chairs of all Subcommittees, and meets 

normally four times a year. 

Grants are awarded by Council on the 

recommendation of two specialist advisory 

committees, the Faculty of Archaeology, 

History and Letters and the Faculty of the 

Fine Arts. Chairs of Faculties are appointed 

by Council, and must be members of 

Council. Members of Faculties are appointed 

for a five-year term by Council on the 

recommendation of the Faculties; they are 

chosen to represent the full range of specialist 

interests that fall within the chartered 

objectives of the School. Fellowships, 

scholarships and awards are advertised once a 

year, and the faculties meet once annually to 

consider applications, and to monitor reports 

by recipients of awards. The awards process 

is administered from the London office by 

the Registrar. Details of how to apply for 

awards together with relevant forms are 

available on the School’s website. 

Council is advised on all academic 

publications of the School by the Faculty of 

Archaeology, History and Letters, under the 

chairmanship of the Chair of Publications. 

The Chair is appointed by Council, and must 

be a member of Council. 

Council is advised on development and 

fundraising by the Chair of Development; the 

Chair is appointed by Council, and must be a 

member of Council. 

Risk Management 

Council has identified and reviewed the 

major risks to which the School is exposed 

and considers that, to the extent that it is 

able, it has systems in place to mitigate those 

risks. It reviews its risk assessment on an 

annual basis. 

Objectives, Activities and Plans for 

the Future 

The objectives of the School are set out in 

the Supplemental Royal Charter (1995) as 

follows: 

(a) To promote the study in Italy of 

archaeology, history and letters, architecture, 

painting, sculpture, printmaking and 

other arts. 

(b) To establish and maintain in Rome a 

hostel for students attending the School 

who are studying arts, archaeology, history 

and letters and who are of British or 

Commonwealth birth, education or 

residence. 

(c) To establish and maintain studios and 

other buildings for the purposes of the 

School and their use by the students and 

other persons attending the School. 

(d) To pursue archaeological and other 

researches and publications in the subject 

areas specified in (a) above. 

(e) To maintain in Rome a general 

library of the arts, archaeology, history and 

letters.

(f) To award scholarships, Exhibitions, 

Bursaries, Research Grants and other forms 

of assistance to those of British or 

Commonwealth birth, education or 

residence, engaged in the study of the arts, 

archaeology, history or letters. 

The School’s mission statement and 

summary statement of activities in pursuit of 

its objectives is given on the opening page of 

this Annual Report. The objectives for the 

year, achievements and plans for the future 

are set out in detail above, in the Director’s 

Report and in the reports on individual 

activities that follow: these constitute an 

integral part of the formal Trustees’ Report. 

The Trustees confirm that they have referred 

to the guidance contained in the Charity 

Commission’s general guidance on public 

benefit when reviewing the School’s aims and 

objectives and in planning future activities. 

Public Benefit 

The School’s charitable purposes, for the 

public benefit, concentrate on the 

advancement of education and the 

advancement of the arts, culture, heritage or 

science. These charitable purposes are linked 

to the objectives and activities described 

above and the mission statement and 

summary statement which can be found on 

page 1 of this Annual Report. Beneficiaries 

include, but are not limited to, students, 

scholars and visual artists and architects from 

Britain and the Commonwealth. 

C OUNCIL 

Professor G.W.W. Barker° 

Professor R. Burdett* 

Mr R. Cooper 

Professor S. Farthing 

Mr J. Gill° 

Mr M.N. Higgin (Hon. Treasurer) 

Mr T.D. Llewellyn (Vice-Chair) 

Ms J. Lomax* 

Professor M.J. Millett* 

Mr A.R. Nairne 

Dr J.H. Pellew 

Sir Ivor Roberts (Chair) 

Dr F. Salmon 

Mr B. Ward-Perkins 

Dr S. Walker 

Professor M. Warner 

Professor C. Wickham* 

The Chief Executive of the British Academy 

is invited to observe Council meetings. 

Director 

Professor A. Wallace-Hadrill 

(until 1 October 2009) 

Professor C. J. Smith 

(from 1 October 2009) 

Finance & Personnel Subcommittee 

Mr R. Cooper° 

Mr M.N. Higgin 

Mr J. Gill° 

Mr T.D. Llewellyn° 

Ms J. Lomax* 

Dr J.H. Pellew 

Sir Ivor Roberts (Chair) 

Dr F. Salmon 

Mr B. Ward-Perkins 

Charity Number: 314176 

T R U S T E E S ’ R E P O R T 

Auditors 

HLB Vantis Audit plc 

82 St John Street 

London EC1M 4JN 

Accountants 

Vantis Group Limited 

82 St John Street 

London EC1M 4JN 

Italian Financial Adviser 

Fragano & Partners 

Via A. Gallonio 8 

00161 Rome 

Investment Managers and Advisers 

Cazenove Capital Management Limited 

12 Moorgate 

London EC2R 6DA 

Bankers 

Lloyds TSB Bank Plc 

7 Pall Mall 

London SW1Y 5HU 

National Westminster Bank Plc 

186 Brompton Road 

London SW3 1XJ 

Credito Emiliano 

Via del Tritone 97–8 


San Paolo–IMI 

Agenzia 36, Via Civinini 50 


___________________ 

° Joined during 2008–9 

* Left during 2008–9 

41

FINANCIAL REVIEW 

F INANCIAL S TATEMENTS 

for the year ended 31 March 2009 

The financial statements should be read in 

conjunction with the reports on pages 3 to 36. 

The School’s normal activity, disclosed under 

‘unrestricted funds’ in the statement of financial 

activities, ended the financial year with a deficit 

of £97,000 (2008 — surplus of £ 30,000). 

The School has been severely affected by the 

fall in the value of sterling and this in large part 

has led to the shortfall of incoming resources in 

the period. The Director in his report comments 

on the steps which have already been taken to 

reduce expenditure and the further steps in hand 

to review all aspects of the School’s operations 

and activities. 

Restricted income includes the major grants 

from the Packard Humanities Institute, 

principally to fund conservation work at 

Herculaneum. The movements in restricted funds 

are disclosed in note 18. 

Council may invest in any securities approved 

by law for the investment of trust or charitable 

monies, or such other securities as the Council 

may from time to time approve. Council has 

appointed investment advisers to manage the 

School’s investment portfolio, with the objective 

of maintenance of income and growth. The 

2008–9 financial year witnessed unprecedented 

turmoil in the financial markets. This has 

resulted in a significant reduction in the market 

value of the School’s investments during the 

period and unrealised losses of £436,000 being 

recorded at 31 March 2009. There has been 

some recovery in market values post the 

School’s financial year end but considerable 

uncertainty remains regarding the outlook for the 

42 

global economy and this appears likely to result 

in continuing volatility in the financial markets. 

Unrestricted reserves decreased at year end 

by £488,000 to £1,923,000, mainly as a result of 

the valuation losses on investments. The level of 

unrestricted reserves is considered by Council to 

be adequate to meet the immediate needs of the 

School. The balance on restricted funds may only 

be used for the purposes described in note 18 

and is not available for the general purposes of 

the School. 

The School’s reserves comprise general funds, 

designated funds, and restricted funds. Council’s 

policy is that: 

- designated funds and restricted funds should 

be retained for the specific purposes for 

which they were set up 

- the level of general funds, after eliminating 

all unrealised revaluation surpluses, should 

not fall below three, nor exceed twelve 

months’ core running costs of the School. 

STATEMENT OF TRUSTEES’ 

RESPONSIBILITIES 

The Trustees are responsible for preparing the 

Annual Report and financial statements in 

accordance with applicable law and United 

Kingdom Generally Accepted Accounting Practice. 

The Trustees are required to prepare 

financial statements for each financial year 

which give a true and fair view of the state of 

the School’s affairs at the end of the financial 

year and of the School’s activities for the 

financial year. In preparing those financial 

statements, the Trustees are required to: 

- select suitable accounting policies and apply 

them consistently 

- make judgements and estimates that are 

reasonable and prudent 

- state whether applicable accounting 

standards and statements of recommended 

practice have been followed, subject to any 

departures disclosed and explained in the 

financial statements 

- prepare the financial statements on the going 

concern basis unless it is inappropriate to 

presume that the School will continue in 

operation. 

The Trustees are responsible for: 

- keeping proper accounting records that 

disclose with reasonable accuracy at any time 

the financial position of the School and which 

enable them to ascertain the financial position 

of the School and to ensure that the financial 

statements comply with Charities Act 1993 

- safeguarding the assets of the School and 

hence for taking reasonable steps for the 

prevention and detection of fraud and other 

irregularities 

The Trustees confirm that, so far as they are 

aware, there is no relevant audit information of 

which the School’s auditors are unaware. They 

have taken all the steps that they ought to have 

taken as Trustees in order to make themselves 

aware of any relevant audit information and to 

establish that the School’s auditors are aware of 

that information. 

By order of the Council (Trustees) 22 June 2009 

Signed on its behalf by 

M.N. Higgin — Honorary Treasurer

F INANCIAL S TATEMENTS 


INDEPENDENT AUDITORS’ REPORT 

TO THE TRUSTEES OF THE BRITISH 

SCHOOL AT ROME 

We have audited the financial statements of 

the British School at Rome for the year ended 

31 March 2009 on pages 44 to 50. These 

financial statements have been prepared under 

the accounting policies set out therein. 

This report is made solely to the charity’s 

Trustees, as a body, in accordance with 

Section 43 of the Charities Act 1993 and with 

regulations made under Section 44 of that Act. 

Our audit work has been undertaken so that we 

might state to the charity’s Trustees those 

matters we are required to state to them in an 

auditors’ report and for no other purpose. To 

the fullest extent permitted by law, we do not 

accept or assume responsibility to anyone 

other than the charity and the charity’s 

Trustees as a body, for our audit work, for this 

report, or for the opinions we have formed. 

RESPECTIVE RESPONSIBILITIES OF TRUSTEES AND 

AUDITORS 

As described in the Statement of Trustees’ 

Responsibilities, the charity’s Trustees are 

responsible for the preparation of the financial 

statements in accordance with applicable law 

and United Kingdom Accounting Standards 

(United Kingdom Generally Accepted 

Accounting Practice). 

We have been appointed as auditors under 

Section 43 of the Charities Act 1993 and report 

in accordance with regulations made under that 

Act. Our responsibility is to audit the financial 

statements in accordance with relevant legal 

and regulatory requirements and International 

Standards on Auditing (UK and Ireland). 

We report to you our opinion as to whether 

the financial statements give a true and fair 

view and are properly prepared in accordance 

with the Charities Act 1993. We also report to 

you if, in our opinion, the information given in 

the Trustees’ Annual Report is not consistent 

with those financial statements, if the charity 

has not kept sufficient accounting records, if the 

charity’s financial statements are not in 

agreement with these accounting records, or if 

we have not received all the information and 

explanations we require for our audit. 

We read other information contained in the 

Annual Report and consider whether it is 

consistent with the audited financial 

statements. We consider the implications for 

our report if we become aware of any apparent 

misstatement or material inconsistencies with 

the financial statements. Our responsibilities 

do not extend to any other information. 

BASIS OF AUDIT OPINION 

We conducted our audit in accordance with 

International Standards on Auditing (UK and 

Ireland), issued by the Auditing Practices 

Board. An audit includes examination, on a test 

basis, of evidence relevant to the amounts and 

disclosures in the financial statements. It also 

includes an assessment of the significant 

estimates and judgements made by the 

Trustees in the preparation of the financial 

statements and of whether the accounting 

policies are appropriate to the charity’s 

circumstances, consistentIy applied and 

adequately disclosed. 

We planned and performed our audit so as 

to obtain all the information and explanations 

which we considered necessary in order to 

provide us with sufficient evidence to give 

reasonable assurance that the financial 

statements are free from material misstatement, 

whether caused by fraud or other 

irregularity or error. In forming our opinion we 

also evaluated the overall adequacy of the 

presentation of information in the financial 

statements. 

OPINION 

In our opinion : 

- the financial statements give a true and fair 

view, in accordance with United Kingdom 

Generally Accepted Accounting Practice, of 

the state of the School's affairs as at 31 

March 2009 and of its incoming resources 

and application of resources, for the year 

then ended; and 

- the financial statements have been properly 

prepared in accordance with the Charities 

Act 1993. 

HLB Vantis Audit plc 

Chartered Accountants 82 St John Street 

Registered Auditor London EC1M 4JN 

31 August 2009 

43

S TATEMENT OF F INANCIAL A CTIVITIES 


Income and Expenditure Notes Total Funds Total Funds 

Unrestricted Restricted Year Ended Year Ended 

Funds Funds 31 March 2009 31 March 2008 

INCOMING RESOURCES: 

Incoming resources from generated funds 

Voluntary income 

£’000 £’000 £’000 £’000 

Grant from the British Academy 1,065 - 1,065 1,038 

Other grants, donations and legacies 2 386 2,266 2,652 3,471 

Subscriptions 

Activities for generating funds 

20 - 20 9 

Appeal income 3 - 9 9 14 

Other income 40 - 40 44 

Investment income 

Incoming resources from charitable activities 

4 64 58 122 92 

Publications 22 - 22 27 

Residential income 5 388 - 388 328 

Other income 

Other incoming resources 

56 - 56 185 

Exchange gains/ (losses) (22) 345 323 223 

TOTAL INCOMING RESOURCES 2,019 2,678 4,697 5,431 

RESOURCES EXPENDED: 

Costs of generating funds 

Costs of generating voluntary income 6 - - - 2 

Charitable activities 7–9 2,061 1,834 3,895 3,539 

Governance costs 10 55 - 55 51 

TOTAL RESOURCES EXPENDED 2,116 1,834 3,950 3,592 

Net (outgoing)/ incoming resources before other recognised (97) 844 747 1,839 

gains and losses 

OTHER RECOGNISED GAINS AND LOSSES 

Realised (losses)/ gains on investments 13 - - - 24 

Unrealised (losses)/ gains on investments 13 (391) (45) (436) (149) 

Net movement in funds (488) 799 311 1,714 

Opening funds 2,411 2,416 4,827 3,113 

Total funds carried forward 1,923 3,215 5,138 4,827 

The notes on pages 46 to 50 form part of these financial statements. 

The statement of financial activities is prepared on the basis that all activities are continuing. 

44

B ALANCE SHEET 

as at 31 March 2009 

2009 2008 

Notes £’000 £’000 £’000 £’000 

Fixed Assets 

Tangible assets 12 57 75 

Heritage assets 12 500 500 

Investments — unrestricted 1,534 1,908 

Investments — restricted 140 240 

Total investments 13 1,674 2,148 

Total Fixed Assets 2,231 2,723 

Current Assets 

Debtors 14 77 67 

Cash at bank and in hand — unrestricted 327 308 

Cash at bank and in hand — restricted 3,663 2,323 

Total cash at bank and in hand 3,990 2,631 

4,067 2,698 

Creditors — unrestricted (275) (215) 

Creditors — restricted (588) (147) 

Creditors: total amounts falling due within one year 15 (863) (362) 

Net Current Assets 3,204 2,336 

Total Assets less Current Liabilities 

Less: 

5,435 5,059 

Provisions for liabilities and charges 16 (297) (232) 

Net Assets 5,138 4,827 

Represented by: 

Funds 

Unrestricted 17 1,923 2,411 

Restricted 18 3,215 2,416 

Total Charity Funds 5,138 4,827 

Approved by the Council on 22 June 2009 and signed on its behalf by 

Sir Ivor Roberts — Chairman 

M.N. Higgin — Honorary Treasurer 

The notes on pages 46 to 50 form part of these financial statements. 

45

N OTES TO THE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 


1. ACCOUNTING POLICIES 

Basis of Preparation 

The financial statements have been prepared in accordance with the Statement of 

Recommended Practice ‘Accounting and Reporting by Charities’ (SORP 2005), 

applicable accounting standards and the Charities Act 1993. The accounts have 

been prepared on a going concern basis, under the historical cost convention as 

modified by the revaluation of certain fixed assets and using the following policies. 

a) Incoming Resources 

All income is gross without deduction for related expenditure. 

Legacies, including payments on account of legacies, are recognised in the 

accounts when there is reasonable certainty of receipt and the amount can be 

ascertained. Grants for general support, research, scholarships or fixed assets 

are recognised on a receivable basis and are deferred only when the donor has 

imposed pre-conditions on the use of the grant. 

The School recognises the intangible value of accommodation provided to 

recipients of awards and scholarships as a credit to residential income and a 

charge to grants and scholarships. 

b) Resources Expended 

Liabilities for expenditure are recognised in accordance with the accruals concept. 

Grants payable for research and scholarship fall due only when such 

research is undertaken or upon attendance at the School and accordingly are 

accounted for over the period of research or attendance. More details on the 

nature of awards are shown in the Annual Report. 

Expenditure for research and academic studies, residential research 

programmes, library and publications disclosed within charitable activities 

includes departmental salaries. A proportion of salary costs is allocated to 

governance costs based on the approximate time expended on such activities. 

Support costs are allocated in full to expenditure incurred on charitable 

activities. The majority of costs are allocated on a pro-rated basis over the 

different activities undertaken by the School, excluding activities which are 

financed by restricted funds. Support costs which are related to a specific 

activity are allocated to that activity in full. The Trustees consider this to be 

the most appropriate method of allocation. 

c) Pensions 

The School contributes to the UK Universities Superannuation Scheme for 

certain of its employees. The Universities Superannuation Scheme is a 

defined benefit scheme which is externally funded. The assets of the scheme 

are held in a separate trustee-administered fund. It is not possible to identify 

each institution’s share of the underlying assets and liabilities of the scheme 

and hence contributions to the scheme are accounted for as if it were a 

defined contribution scheme in accordance with FRS 17. The charge 

recognised within the Statement of Financial Activities is equal to the 

contributions payable to the scheme for the year. 

46 

d) Staff Termination Fund 

The School provides for deferred pay which is due to Italian employees when 

they leave the employment of the School. The amount payable is calculated in 

accordance with existing Italian legal requirements and the Italian national 

labour contract. The charge is recognised within the Statement of Financial 

Activities. 

e) Fixed Assets 

Fixed assets other than library books are disclosed at cost. Depreciation is 

provided by the School to write off the cost less the estimated residual value 

of tangible fixed assets over their useful economic lives as follows: 

Computers 25% straight line 

Motor vehicles 25% straight line 

Office equipment 20% straight line 

Furniture and fittings 20% straight line 

The Library is considered to be a heritage asset and is stated in the balance 

sheet at an attributed value based on its insured value. The annual cost of 

additions to the Library, which is equivalent to an annual depreciation rate of 

approximately 10% straight line, is charged to the Statement of Financial 

Activities to represent the notional write down in the useful economic life of 

the Library. 

f) Investments 

Investments are carried at market value with any unrealised gains and losses 

being included in the Statement of Financial Activities allocated between 

restricted and unrestricted funds. 

The proportion of investment income relating to restricted funds is retained 

for use within restricted funds. 

g) Foreign Currency 

Foreign currency conversion for the balance sheet is at year-end rates, 

except where the balances are covered by forward contracts to meet known 

future liabilities, when the contract rate is used. During the year the 

translation is at average rates on a month to month basis, or forward 

contract rate as applicable. Exchange gains or losses are treated as other 

income or expenditure in the Statement of Financial Activities where they 

cannot be directly related to individual activities. Where exchange gains or 

losses can be directly related to individual designated or restricted projects 

the gain or loss is attributed to the relevant fund. 

h) Cash Flow Statement 

The School is exempted by FRS 1 (revised) from preparing a cash flow 

statement. 

i) Funds 

Details of the funds of the School, how they have arisen and their use are 

given in notes 17 and 18.

2. OTHER GRANTS, DONATIONS AND LEGACIES 

Unrestricted Restricted Total Total 

Funds Funds 2009 2008 

£’000 £’000 £’000 £’000 

Other grants 384 2,266 2,650 3,435 

Donations and legacies 2 - 2 36 

3. APPEAL INCOME 



386 2,266 2,652 3,471 

Appeal income primarily relates to funds raised to hold an exhibition of the 

School’s archive photographs in London. 

4. INVESTMENT INCOME 

Total Total 


£’000 £’000 

Dividends — UK equities 66 49 

Interest — UK fixed interest securities 7 15 

Interest on cash deposits 49 28 

5. RESIDENTIAL INCOME 

122 92 

Total Total 


£’000 £’000 

Residential income includes the intangible 

value of accommodation provided to 

recipients of grants and scholarships of: 157 140 

6. COSTS OF GENERATING FUNDS 

Costs of generating funds comprise sundry expenses incurred in raising funds. 

7. CHARITABLE ACTIVITIES 

Expenditure on charitable activities is made up as follows: 

Direct Support Total Total 

Expenses Costs 2009 2008 

£’000 £’000 £’000 £’000 

Research and academic salaries 469 192 661 754 

Residential research programmes 665 256 921 708 

Research projects 78 25 103 141 

Library 353 139 492 396 

Publications 8 3 11 15 

Herculaneum Conservation Project 1,657 - 1,657 1,407 

Fasti on line project 50 - 50 118 

3,280 615 3,895 3,539 

Included within charitable expenditure is the following restricted expenditure: 

Total Total 


£’000 £’000 

Herculaneum Conservation Project 1,657 1,407 

Fasti on line project 50 118 

Scholarships (within residential research programmes) 15 6 

Getty Library project (within Library costs) 57 17 

Library appeal fund (within Library costs) 5 11 

PHI Library project (within Library costs) 27 8 

Murray project (within Library costs) 

British Academy Grant — collaborative project 

8 10 

(within residential research programmes) 15 5 

1,834 1,582 

8. GRANTS AND SCHOLARSHIPS 

Charitable activities include the cost of grants and scholarships awarded. Grants 

and scholarships comprise £368,000 (2008 — £329,000) awarded to 55 (2008 — 

57) individuals. There were no grants payable to Institutions (2008 — none). 

Total Total 


No. £’000 No. £’000 

Grants paid: 

Research 15 78 17 74 

Scholarships 40 133 40 115 

Intangible value of accommodation 157 140 

55 368 57 329 

47

9. SUPPORT COSTS 



Support costs, which are allocated to charitable activities, are as follows: 

Total Total 


£’000 £’000 

Support staff salaries 249 232 

Building maintenance and utilities costs 177 96 

IT and equipment maintenance 50 56 

Depreciation 45 48 

Travel expenses 22 11 

Consultants’ fees 23 42 

Other 49 37 

615 522 

All support costs relate to unrestricted funds. 

10. GOVERNANCE COSTS 


£’000 £’000 

Salaries and pensions 16 15 

Auditors’ remuneration 12 11 

Accountancy fees 3 3 

Annual Report 8 7 

Council and committee meetings 16 15 

55 51 

All governance expenditure relates to unrestricted funds. 

11. TRUSTEES AND EMPLOYEES 


Aggregate staff costs comprise: 

£’000 £’000 

Wages and salaries 650 584 

Taxes, social security and related costs 296 279 

Pensions 16 14 

Staff termination pay (note 16) 37 38 

999 915 

48 

The School participates in the Universities Superannuation Scheme. The latest actuarial 

valuation of the scheme was at 31 March 2008. At the valuation date, the assets of the 

scheme were 71% of the accrued liabilities based on projected pensionable salaries and 

the value of the past service deficit was £11,776 million. This is based on a funding 

target of £40,619 million and the actuarial value of assets of £28,843 million. The 

institution contribution rate will be increased from 14% to 16% of salaries from 1 

October 2009. 

Surpluses or deficits which arise at future valuations may impact on the School’s future 

contribution commitment. The total UK pension cost for the School was £15,881 (2008 — 

£14,016). The contribution to the provision of staff termination pay for the year was £37,201 

(2008 — £38,124). One employee earned more than £60,000 per annum (2008 — none). 

The average number of employees 2009 2008 

analysed by function was as follows: No No 

Academic programmes 7 7 

Residential research programmes 7 8 

Publications 1 2 

Library 5 5 

Support 5 5 

Management and administration of the charity 1 1 

The Trustees of the School received no remuneration in the year under review 

(2008 — £nil). An aggregate of £3,149 (2008 — £3,338) was reimbursed to 

nine (2008 — eight) Trustees in respect of travel charges. 

12. FIXED ASSETS 

Library Computer Office Furniture 

Books Equipment Equipment & Fittings Vehicles Total 

£’000 £’000 £’000 £’000 £’000 £’000 

Cost or Valuation 

Brought forward 500 326 203 125 61 1,215 

Additions - 10 16 - - 26 

Carried forward 500 336 219 125 61 1,241 

Depreciation 

Brought forward - 302 183 97 58 640 

Charge for year - 14 17 11 2 44 

Carried forward - 316 200 108 60 684 

Net Book Value 

At 31 March 2009 500 20 19 17 1 557 

At 31 March 2008 500 24 20 28 3 575



Fixed assets held are all for direct charitable use. 

Under an agreement dated 25 April 1912 between the Comune di Roma and the 

British Ambassador at that time, the British School at Rome was granted, for an annual 

rental of one Italian lira, the use in perpetuity of the land on which the School is built, 

provided that the land is used exclusively for study and research in the humanities, 

archaeology and fine arts. Should the land not be used for such purposes, it has to be 

surrendered to the Comune without any compensation for its cost or value. On this basis, 

no value is ascribed to the School building in the accounts or to any additions or 

improvements to the building. Such expenditure is written off to the Statement of 

Financial Activities in the year of expenditure. 

The Trustees consider that it is not possible to ascribe a meaningful value to the 

intangible benefit of the use of the land on which the School is built. 

The Trustees consider the Library of books, papers, manuscripts and pictures to be a 

heritage asset within the definition of SORP 2005. Many of the contents are considered 

to be irreplaceable. On this basis, the Trustees have ascribed the insured value of the 

Library as its value to the School. The Library's holdings consist of approximately 60,000 

volumes, of which 50,000 are monographs and 10,000 periodicals. 600 current 

periodicals are taken. Specialisms include: Mediterranean archaeology, prehistory, 

ancient history and texts, the history of ancient religions, ecclesiastical and medieval 

history, Italian topography, history of art and architectural history, and the writings of 

travellers in Italy. The open-shelf reference Library provides the bibliographic resources 

and services necessary to support the research activities of the School. The Library aims 

to complement UK academic libraries through its holdings of local Italian publications 

and periodicals, and welcomes all scholars, undergraduates and graduates studying in 

any field relevant to its collections. 

13. INVESTMENTS 


£’000 £’000 

UK quoted investments 1,481 1,917 

Cash on deposit 193 231 

1,674 2,148 

Historical cost at 31 March: 

Quoted investments 1,725 1,725 

The following investments individually comprise the investments held: 


£’000 £’000 

Cazenove Unit Trust Management: 

Growth Trust for Charities 419 610 

Income Trust for Charities 286 283 

Absolute Return Trust for Charities 312 366 

Equity Income Trust for Charities 372 535 

European Fund 23 28 

Property Trust 69 95 

The movement on quoted investments comprises: 


£’000 £’000 

Market value at 1 April 1,917 2,102 

Additions at cost - 18 

Disposal proceeds - (78) 

1,917 2,042 

Realised gains on disposals - 24 

Unrealised (losses)/gains (436) (149) 

Market value at 31 March 1,481 1,917 

14. DEBTORS 


£’000 £’000 

Other debtors and prepayments 77 67 

15. CREDITORS: amounts falling due within one year 


£’000 £’000 

Other creditors and accruals 863 362 

863 362 

16. PROVISIONS 


£’000 £’000 

Provision for staff termination pay 297 232 

This liability represents deferred pay due to employees at 31 March 2009, 

payable when they leave the School. The amount payable is calculated in 

accordance with existing Italian legal requirements and the Italian national 

labour contract. 

The movements in the provision for the year are as follows: 


£’000 £’000 

Balance at 1 April 232 167 

Increase in provision for the year 37 38 

Exchange loss 28 27 

Balance at 31 March 297 232 

49



17. UNRESTRICTED FUNDS 

General Capital Designated Total Total 

Funds Fund Funds 2009 2008 

£’000 £’000 £’000 £’000 £’000 

At 1 April 860 278 1,273 2,411 2,493 

Net (outgoing)/ incoming 

resources (94) - (3) (97) 30 

Realised gains 

on investments - - - - 22 

Unrealised (losses)/ gains 

on investments (138) - (253) (391) (134) 

At 31 March 628 278 1,017 1,923 2,411 

The designated funds are funds set aside by Council for various grants for 

research and scholarship and arise from unrestricted bequests. 

18. RESTRICTED FUNDS 

British Academy Getty Cary Appeal PHI Other Total Total 

Fund Fund Fund Fund Funds Funds 2009 2008 

£’000 £’000 £’000 £’000 £’000 £’000 £’000 £’000 

At 1 April 

Total incoming 

15 98 154 32 2,020 97 2,416 620 

resources - - 6 9 2,656 7 2,678 3,391 

Total resources 

expended (15) (57) (15) (5) (1,734) (8) (1,834) ( 1,582) 

Realised gains on 

investments - - - - - - - 2 

Unrealised (losses)/ gains on 

investments - - (37) - - (8) (45) (15) 

At 31 March - 41 108 36 2,942 88 3,215 2,416 

50 

The bequest establishing the Cary Fund was restricted and Council determined in 

November 1995 that it should be used to create a fellowship to enable an 

academic to undertake research in Rome and to be involved with a School 

postgraduate taught course. 

The Packard Humanities Institute (PHI) Funds represent grants given by the 

Institute to finance specific projects, principally in Herculaneum. 

The British Academy fund related to funding for a collaborative project with the 

Society for Libyan Studies to fund a series of Punic Mediterranean workshops. 

The Getty Fund represents grants given by The Getty Foundation for the 

arrangement and description of the J.B. Ward-Perkins photographic collection. 

19. ANALYSIS OF NET ASSETS BETWEEN FUNDS 

Unrestricted Restricted 

Funds Funds Total 

£’000 

Fund balances at 31 March 2009 are represented by: 

£’000 £’000 

Tangible fixed assets 557 - 557 

Investments 1,534 140 1,674 

Cash 327 3,663 3,990 

Other current assets 77 - 77 

Current liabilities (275) (588) (863) 

Long-term liabilities (297) - (297) 

Total net assets 1,923 3,215 5,138 

20. COMMITMENTS 

The School has awarded grants and scholarships totalling £89,395 to be paid 

in 2009–10 (2008–9 — £85,210). No provision has been made for these grants 

as the conditions attaching to the grants had not been met at 31 March 2009. 

21. CONTROLLING PARTY 

The activities of the School are controlled by Council. There is no ultimate 

controlling party of the School.

S UBCOMMITTEES AND H ONORARY F ELLOWS 

Faculty of the Fine Arts 

Ms E. Bonham Carter 

Ms S. Boyce OBE° 

Mr W. Cobbing° 

Ms J. Farrer 

Mr J. Fobert 

Ms A. Gallagher 

Mr J. Gill (Chair from January 2009) 

Ms C. Hawley* 

Professor C. Hopkins 

Ms T. Kovats° 

Ms J. Lomax OBE(Chair to December 2008)* 

Ms V. Lovell 

Mr D. Masi 

Professor R. Tavernor° 

Ms A. Turnbull* 

Dr A. Williamson 

Mr A. Wilson 

Faculty of Archaeology, History and 

Letters 

Dr C. Burdett* 

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Illustration Acknowledgements 

Cover: Neo-Attic relief in house in south-west 

corner of Herculaneum, photograph by Mimmo 

Capone and courtesy of the Soprintendenza 

Speciale per i Beni Archeologici di Napoli e Pompei 

Page 5 Photograph by David Spero 

Pages 6–7 Photographs by Rebecca Madgin and 

Jacopo Benci 

Page 9 Photograph courtesy of Liz Rideal 

Page 10 Photograph by Sophie Wallace-Hadrill 

Pages 12–3 Photographs by Andrew Wallace- 

Hadrill and Sosandra 

Pages 17–8 Photographs by David Spero and 


Pages 23, 25 Photographs by Stephen Kay and 

Simon Keay/Portus project, and courtesy of the 

Soprintendenza per i Beni Archeologici di Ostia; 

image by Jessica Odgen 

Pages 29–31 Photographs by David Spero, Jacopo 

Benci, Pierre Gendron, Dragica Janketic Carlin, 

Ruth Murray, Cath Keay, Fernando Maquieira and 

Penelope Cain 

Page 33 Photograph by Claudia Gianvenuti 

Page 35 Photograph in BSR Archive collection 

Graphic Design Silvia Stucky 

Printing Società Tipografica Romana srl, Rome 

September 2009 

2008–2009 Annual Report 

of the British School at Rome 

© the British School at Rome 

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Universities in a tax efficient manner. The BSUF is a charitable organisation 

recognised by the U.S. Internal Revenue Service under Section 501 (c) (3) of 

their Codes. You should express “a preference for the British School at 

Rome, Italy” when making a gift, but cheques should be made payable to 

BSUF. Such preferences are respected by BSUF but all grants are made at its 

sole discretion, as required by the IRS. Donations and enquiries should be 

sent to: The Secretary, BSUF, 575 Madison Avenue, Suite 1006, New York, 

NY 10022-2511, USA; tel. (212) 662-5576; email info@bsuf.org. Please send 

with your donation a copy of the BSUF’s Donor Trasmittal Form which can 

be downloaded from www.bsuf.org. Please also send a copy of this form to 

the British School at Rome so that we are aware of your gift and that the BSR 

has been nominated for a possible BSUF grant. 

The British Schools & Universities Foundation Inc. has formally 

approved The British School at Rome as a full member. 

Legacies 

If you have profited from and enjoyed your time at the British School, you 

might wish to consider supporting future scholars by including it in your 

will. A legacy will help to ensure that others are able to benefit from the 

enriching experience that the School provides. 

As a Registered Charity the School pays no tax on gifts of money or 

property received through a legacy. In addition, a legacy to the School may 

reduce the inheritance tax payable on your estate. 

The School recommends that you consult your legal adviser, but it may be 

helpful to set out some of the various forms of legacy you might wish to consider: 

The Pecuniary Legacy: a simple form of legacy giving a specified 

amount of money to a named individual or organisation; 

The Residuary Legacy: the bequest of all or part of the net residue of 

your estate after all pecuniary legacies, debts, fees and other charges have 

been met; 

The Conditional Legacy: ideal for those who would not otherwise 

consider a bequest. It provides an alternative to your estate going to the 

Crown should none of your named dependents or beneficiaries survive you. 

There are other forms of legacy on which your solicitor can advise you. 

Appeal enquiries, donations and legacy enquiries to: The Director, 

Via Gramsci 61, 00197 Rome, Italy; 

or email director@bsrome.it 

Cheques should be made payable to ‘The British School at Rome’.

Annual Report 2008-9 - The British School at Rome

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