A Supplemental HCVF Assessment on the Sumatran Tiger ...

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FINAL REPORT Tiger <strong>HCVF</strong> <strong>Supplemental</strong> <strong>Assessment</strong> – Serapung FMU coconut palms are harvestable. Fishing ranks second as a means of livelihood in most communities around the FMU. Through interpretation of satellite imagery SmartWood has characterised agricultural land use patterns in and around the FMU. A total of 35 separate smallholder areas were identified, ranging in size from 3 to 238 ha (on average, 54 Ha/site), amounting to an area of 1,877 ha of agricultural small holdings in and around the FMU. However, only approximately half of these sites possessed simple dwellings for temporary living. Small-scale agriculture by local people appears to be fraught with difficulties, an example of this being the devastating predations of the rhinoceros beetle (Oryctes rhinoceros) on coconut plantations, resulting in the abandonment of a large proportion of plots adjacent to the FMU. SmartWood reports the high importance of small-scale timber harvesting and sawmilling for local people around the FMU, with as much as 70% of cash income generated by unlicensed logging and milling activities. Livelihood strategies however tend to be diversified, with most households utilising both farming and logging activities in order to meet their economic needs. Certainly the informal logging activities of all four villages described above are currently focused on the remaining forests within and adjacent to the FMU. Sustainable forestry practices do not appear to feature in the livelihood strategies of these local people, where forests are valued primarily as a source of timber at the lowest cost (regardless of whether or not the forest survives), or as a means to obtain land for agriculture. Oil palm cultivation is becoming an increasingly attractive concept amongst farmers living around the FMU, primarily due to newly arising cost-effective opportunities to sell fresh palm bunches to nearby palm-oil processing plants. Plans for a 100 ha oil palm plantation in the Yos area are indicative of likely future land-use trends around the FMU. Table 2. Extent of natural and planted forests in the Serapung I forest management unit as of September 2004 (data from SmartWood report, November 2004). Concession Land Use Area (ha) % of Total Area Production (Produksi) - Natural 2,820 25 - Cleared 1,510 13 - Planted 3,172 28 Community Livelihood (Kehidupan) 381 3 Indigenous trees (Unggulan) 1,179 10 Conservation (Konservasi) 1,343 12 Infrastructure 163 1 Informal agricultural smallholdings 836 7 Total Natural Forest 5,723 50 Total Other Uses 5,681 50 Total 11,404 100 Sumatran Tiger Conservation Program Pg 10/68
FINAL REPORT Tiger <strong>HCVF</strong> <strong>Supplemental</strong> <strong>Assessment</strong> – Serapung FMU Figure 2. Location of Serapung I district and the planned land use of the Serapung FMU. SmartWood proposed indicative <strong>HCVF</strong> boundaries are also included here. Figure 3. Forest cover within Serapung I in November 2004. The northern forest block within the FMU was defined by SmartWood as indicative <strong>HCVF</strong> and APP imposed a logging moratorium until completion of this tiger assessment. Sumatran Tiger Conservation Program Pg 11/68
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