Properties of Cryogenic Fluids - nptel

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First Order Phase Transition G = E + PV −TS • The first order derivative of Gibbs Free Energy w.r.t. pressure at constant temperature gives density. • The density undergoes an abrupt change leading to a discontinuity called as Gibbs First Order discontinuity or 1 st Order Transition. Prof. M D Atrey, Department of Mechanical Engineering, IIT Bombay 28
First Order Phase Transition • These transitions involve latent heat. • The temperature of the system remains constant. • For example, the solid to liquid or liquid to gaseous transition, the latent heat is absorbed at constant temperature. Prof. M D Atrey, Department of Mechanical Engineering, IIT Bombay 29
Page 1 and 2: 3 1
Page 3 and 4: Outline of the Lecture • Hydrogen
Page 5 and 6: T - s diagram of Hydrogen T - s cha
Page 7 and 8: Hydrogen Hydrogen • The relative
Page 9 and 10: Ortho & Para Hydrogen Ortho - Hydro
Page 11 and 12: Hydrogen • Para form is a low ene
Page 13 and 14: Mass Mass fraction remaining in in
Page 15 and 16: • As temperature decreases, Para
Page 17 and 18: Helium Helium • Evidence of Heliu
Page 19 and 20: Critical Pt. 2.27 atm, 5.25 K 1 atm
Page 21 and 22: Helium Helium • The percentage of
Page 23 and 24: Pressure Helium Phase Diagram Solid
Page 25 and 26: Pressure Helium Phase Diagram Solid
Page 27: Pressure Helium Phase Diagram Solid
Page 31 and 32: Specific heat, kJ/kg-K kJ/kg 2 0 1
Page 33 and 34: ρ n or ρ 1 0.6 ρ s 0.8 0.4 0.2 S
Page 35 and 36: Super fluid Helium • Also, heat t
Page 37 and 38: Information Kaptiza was awarded Nob
Page 39 and 40: Self Assessment 1. Boiling point of
Page 41 and 42: 1. 20.3 K Answers 2. Hydrogen, Deut

Properties of Cryogenic Fluids - nptel

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