Trichocladium anamorph of Ascotaiwania hsilio and Monodictys-like ...

Fung. Sci. 16(3, 4), 35–38, 2001
Trichocladium anamorph of Ascotaiwania hsilio
and Monodictys-like anamorphic States of
Ascotaiwania lignicola
Institute of Botany, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
(Accepted May 18, 2001)
Ho-shii Chang
ABSTRCT
Anamorphic state of two species of Ascotaiwania, A. lignicola, and A. hsilio are described and illustrated. A
Trichocladium species is connected to A. hsilio and a Monodictys-like species is connected to A. lignicola.
Key words: Ascotaiwania, Trichocladium and Monodictys-like, ascomycete, anamorph.
Introduction
Since Ascotaiwania Sivan. & Chang (1992)
was erected as a new genus of freshwater Ascomycetes
seven more species have been described
(Hyde,1995; Ranghoo and Hyde, 1998;
Fallah et al.,1998; Sivicha et al.,1998). Three
of these species i.e., Ascotaiwania sawada H.S.
Chang & S.Y. Hsieh. A. mitriformis Ranghoo
& K.H. Hyde and A. hughesii Fallah, J.L.
Crane & Shearer produced in culture the anamorphic
states belonging to the genus Monotosporella
for the first two species and Helicoon
farinosum Linder for the last species
(Sivichai et al.,1998; Ranghoo and Hyde, 1998;
and Fallah et al. 1998). Recently, in our cultures
of Ascotaiwania hsilio and A. lignicola,
the formation of anamorphs were also observed
in corn meal agar medium and corn leaf
sections placed on Sach’s medium. These
anamorphs of A. hsilio and A. lignicola are described
below.
Trichocladium state, an anamorph of
Ascotaiwania hsilio H.S. Chang & S.Y.
Hsieh (Fig. 1)
Colonies effuse, at first hyaline becoming
dark olivaceous brown. Conidiophores micronematous,
mononematous, smooth, thin
walled, hyaline or thick walled and light
brown, occasionally indistinct. Conidiogenous
cells holoblastic, integrated, mostly intercalary
or terminal, directly differentiate and developed
at random point regions of hyphae. Conidia
solitary, frequently aggregate, globose,
subglobose to obpyriform, 1-septate with distinct
constriction at septa. Apical major cell
larger, 16.00–23.50 × 11.50–14.50 µm, brown
to dark brown, smooth, basal cell far small,
subhyaline to pale brown.
The anamorph is characterized by globose
to subglobose apical cell and small hemispherical
basal cell, formed mostly intercalary.
This anamorph differs distinctly from the rest
of known species of Trichocladium in conidial

36 Fung. Sci. 16(3, 4), 2001
morphology, though closely related to T. alopallonelum
(Meyer and Moore) Kohlm. &
Volkm.-Kohlm. and T. nypae K.D. Hyde &
Goh in shape of conidia but conidia of this
anamorph with only one septum and hemispherical
basal cell. This Trichocladium species
is also differs from T. uniseptatum Berk.&
broome, the anamorph of Ascolacicola aquatic
Ranghoo et K.D. Hyde, in its globose conidia
and without distinct conidiogenous cells.
Anamorphic state of this fungus is also present
along with teleomorph, in natural substrate on
decayed tree twigs collected from stream in
Wulai, Taipei county.
Monodictys-like anamorph of Ascotaiwania
lignicola (Fig. 2)
Colonies effuse, conidiophores micronema-
tous to semi-macronematous, mononematous,
flexuous, brown, smooth, swollen. Conidiogenous
cells monoblastic, integrated, determinate,
cylindrical. Conidia ellipsoidal or subspherical,
multicellular, mostly aggregate, constricted at
septa, dark reddish brown to almost dark,
smooth, 29.50–42.75 × 17.25–44.50 µm.
This Monodictys-like anamorph seems
closely to M. putredinis (Wallr.) Hughes in
conidial morphology. In one culture teleomorph,
the perithecia of A. lignicola with mature
ascospores, were also observed formed
along with anamorph on autoclaved corn leaf
section placed on Sach’s medium.
Although conidia of Trichocladium and
Monodictys are different in their morphology,
they are similar in conidium ontogeny. Trichocladium
and Monodictys are frequently en-
Fig. 1. Anamorph of Ascotaiwania hsilio, a Trichocladium fungus: A and B, conidia and conidium formation. Bar scale:
20 µm.

Ascotaiwania hsilio and A. lignicola 37
Fig. 2. Anamorph of Ascotaiwania lignicola, a Monodictys-like fungus: A, B, C, and D conidia and conidiophores, and
distribution of conidia on substrate. Bar scale: 20 µm.
countered in the habitats where Ascotaiwania
occur. Likewise, Monotosporella and Helicoon
were also frequently encountered in similar
habitats. Apparently genus Ascotaiwania is
associated with various types of anamorphs.
References
Chang, H.S., S.Y. Hsieh, E.B.G. Jones, S.T.
Read, and S.T. Moss. 1998. New freshwater
species of Ascotaiwania and Savoryella
from Taiwan. Mycol. Res. 102: 709–718.
Fallah, P.M., J.L. Crane, and C.A. Shearer.
1998. Freshwater ascomycetes: two new
species of Ascotaiwania from North Amer-
ica. Canadian Jour. Botany 77: 87–92.
Hyde K.D. 1995. Fungi from palms. ΧΙΙ. A
new species of Ascotaiwania Sydowia 47:
213–216.
Ranghoo, V.M. and K.D. Hyde. 1998. Ascomycetes
from freshwater habitats: Ascolacicola
aquatica gen. et sp. Nov. and a new
species of Ascotaiwania from wood submerged
in a reservoir in Hong Kong.
Mycologia 90: 1055–1062.
Sivanesan, A. and H.S. Chang. 1992 Ascotaiwania,
a new amphisphaeriaceous ascomycete
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Sivicha, S.N. Hywel-Jones and E.B.G. Jones.

38 Fung. Sci. 16(3, 4), 2001
1998. Lignicolous freshwater ascomycota
from Thailand: 1. Ascotaiwania sawada and
its anamorph state Monotosporella. Mycoscience
38: 307–311.
兩種 Ascotaiwania 屬菌的不完全世代
中央研究院植物研究所,臺北,臺灣
張 和 喜
摘 要
本文紀錄 Ascotaiwania hsilio 和 A. lignicola 的不完全世代,分別為屬於 Trichocladium 和 Monodictys
屬菌。
關鍵詞:水棲子囊菌、無性世代。