Geology and Paleontology of Canal Zone and Adjoining ... - USGS

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GASTROPODS: EULIMIDAE, MARGINELLIDAE TO HELMINTHOGLYPTIDAE 305 at locality 41b. It is the type of the subgenus Lecallia. Thirty-seven species are so far recorded from the marine member of the Bohio (?) formation a repre sentation comparable to that for the Gatuncillo forma tion. Half of them are not named at the specific level. The seven unequivocally identified species are endemic. The affinities of those identified at the specific level and of one not so identified are as follows: Gastropods from marine member of Bohio(?) formation and occur rence elsewhere of related species Species from marine member of Bohio(?) formation Tricolia calypta Woodring-____ Turritella adela Woodring___ __ Turritella cf. T. caleta Olsson L_ Architectonica (Stellaxis) aff. A. alveata (Conrad). Architectonica cf. A. fungia (Conrad). Eulima cf. E. jacksonensis Gregorio. Niso (Niso) umbilicata (Lea)?._ Neverita (Glossaulax) bolivar en- sis tapina Woodring. Globularia (Ampulella) sp______ Globularia (Ampulella?) nana Woodring. Pachycrommiumf proinum Woodring. Morum (Cancellomorum) cf. M. antiquum (Bayan) 2 . Ficus cf. F. mississippiensis Conrad. Typhis (Laevityphis) aff. T. recurvirostris Conrad. Glyptostyla panamensis DalL Scaphander (Scaphander) cf. S. jacksonensis Palmer. Retusa (Cylichnina) aff. R. adamsi (Palmer). Volvulella (Volvulella) aff. V. conradiana (Gabb). Averellia (Lecallia) stewarti Woodring, n. sp. Occurrence elsewhere of related species T. precursor (Dall), early Miocene, Florida. T. galvesia Olsson, Oligocene, Peru. T. caleta, Oligocene, Peru. A. alveata, middle to late Eocene, southeastern U.S. A. fungia, middle Eocene, southeastern U.S. E. jacksonensis, middle to late Eocene, southeastern U.S. N. umbilicata, early to late Eocene, southeastern U.S. N. bolivarensis bolivarensis Clark, late Eocene, Colombia. G. parisiensis (d'Orbigny), middle Eocene to early Oligocene, western Europe. G. garzaensis Vokes, middle Eocene, California. P.? gabrielensis (Clark), late Eocene, Colombia; P.? jacksonensis (Harris), late Eocene, southeastern U.S. M. antiquum, late Eocene, Italy. F. mississippiensis, Oligocene, southeastern U.S. T. recurvirostris, Oligocene, southeastern U.S. G. striata (Newton), middle or late Eocene, Nigeria. S. jacksonensis, late Eocene, southeastern U.S. R. adamsi, middle Eocene, southeastern U.S. V. conradiana, middle Eocene, southeastern U.S. A. coactiliata (Ferrusac), Holocene, northern Mexico to Trinidad. 1 Identified as Turritella olssoni Clark, a late Eocene Colombian species, by Allison (in Allison and Adegoke, 1969, p. 1254). 2 Described on page 203 as Morum ("Oniscidia") cf. M. antiquum. Age. The gastropods from the marine member of the Bohio (?) formation have Eocene and Oligocene affinities, but the Eocene outweigh the Oligocene. Per haps the most striking example of Eocene affinity is afforded by Glyptostyla panamensis, which is rede- scribed on page 434 and reillustrated on plate 48, figure 23. As a result of reappraisal, Glyptostyla is monotypic so far as America is concerned. A closely related species, however, G. striata (described as a spe cies of Strepsidura] , occurs in the Eocene of Nigeria. Newton (1922, p. 109) favored a middle Eocene age for the Nigerian deposits, but Eames (1957, p. 30) pre ferred late Eocene. Of the genera and subgenera in the preceding lists, Stellaxis, Globularia, Pachycrommium, Glyptostyla, Zemaciesf, and Lecallia are extinct. If the Eocene trend is continued by the pelecypods, a late Eocene age would be justified, presumably latest Eocene, younger than any known molluscan fauna in the Gatuncillo formation. It is possible that this Bohio (?) fauna represents an unusual biof acies in the upper part of the Gatuncillo. Stratigraphic relations, however, are unknown. A late Eocene age would agree with Cole's identification of the larger foraminifera, quoted on page 23. OLIGOCENE SERIES BOHIO FORMATION The only mollusks from the Bohio formation are those in collections from the upper part of the forma tion on Barro Colorado Island. The following species, all collected at locality 42d, are covered in the present chapter: Gastropods from upper part of Bohio formation on Barro Colorado Island (Marginellidae to Atyidae) [R, rare; C, common; A, abundant] Locality Marginella (Eratoidea) aff. M. mollitor Dall___ Conus cf. C. sulculus DalL_-__--------------- Conus aff. C. chipolanus Dall_----_----------- Drilliaf (Neodrilliaf) sp____________________ Strioterebrum listrotum Woodring, n. sp-------- Acteon (Acteon) aff. A. tampae DalL___________ Acteocina cf. A. bullata (Kiener)____--__------ Scaphander (Scaphander) cryus Woodring, n. sp. Atys (Roxaniella) rhadina Woodring, n. sp_____ ____ R R .____ C .___- R __-_ R .____ R .____ A __._ C ,___- R Strioterebrum listrotum is the first unequivocal Strioterebrum, from the Oligocene of the Caribbean region. Of the 29 species from the upper part of the Bohio formation 10 are not named specifically. Seven of the eight unequivocally named species are endemic. The occurrence elsewhere and in other Canal Zone forma tions of the same or related species is tabulated below. Age. According to the tabulation, the Bohio fossils have Oligocene and Miocene affinities. The only species that occurs elsewhere (Atys rhadina) is found in the Oligocene Mint Spring marl member of the Marianna limestone in southeastern United States, which is gen erally assigned to the middle Oligocene. On the face of the table Miocene affinities far outweigh Oligocene. In the Caribbean region, however, Oligocene mollus can faunas are meager compared with those of Miocene age and for the most part consist of large, robust forms.
306 GEOLOGY AND PALEONTOLOGY OF CANAL ZONE Gastropods from upper part of Bohio Formation on Barro Colorado Island and occurrence elsewhere and in other Canal Zone for mations of same or related species Species from Bohio formation Solariella ephnidia Woodring. __ Turritella cf. T. altilira Conrad. Turritella listrota Woodring____ Hemisinus (Longiverena) oeciscus Woodring. Cerithium (Thericium) mimeticum Woodring. Orthaulax sp 1 ______________. Globularia (Globularia) aff. G. fischeri (Dall). Pachycrommium aff. P. guppyi (Gabb). Gonysycon epomis Woodring. Gonysycon cf. G. epomis Woodring. Mitrella epacta Woodring. _ _ Marginella (Eratoidea) aff. M. mollitor Dall. Conus cf. C. sulculus Dall____ ConUs aff. C. chipolanus DalL. Strioterebrum listrotum Woodring, n. sp. Acteon (Acteon) aff. A. tampae Dall. Acteocina cf. A. bullata (Kiener). Scaphander (Scaphander) cryus Woodring, n. sp. Atys (Roxaniella) rhadina Woodring, n. sp. 1 Described on page 191 as Orthaulax cf. 0. pugnax (Heilprin). Occurrence elsewhere and in other Canal Zone formations of same or related species S. altiuscula Guppy, middle Miocene, Jamaica; S. depressa Dali, Holocene. Subspecies of T. altilira range from late Oligocene to late Miocene. T. venezuelana Hodson, early Miocene, Venezuela, Canal Zone. H. atriformis Cooke, late Oligocene, Antigua. Possibly related to 0. pugnax (Heilprin), late Oligocene, Georgia, early Miocene, Florida. G. fischeri, early Miocene, Florida. Also Caimito and La Boca formations. P. guppyi, middle Miocene, Jamaica; early to middle Miocene, Dominican Re public. Also Culebra and La Boca formations. M. acanthodes (Dall), early Miocene, Florida; M. oxia Gardner, early Miocene, Florida. M. mollitor, early Miocene, Florida; M. euancyla Gardner, early Miocene, Florida. Also Caimito formation. C. sulculus, early Miocene, Florida. Also Caimito formation. C. chipolanus, early Miocene, Florida. Also Caimito, Culebra, and La Boca formations. S. ischnum Woodring, middle Miocene, Jamaica. A. tampae, early Miocene, Florida. A. bullata, early Miocene to Holocene. Doubtfully also La Boca formation. Middle Oligocene, Mississippi. The Suwannee limestone of Florida, of late Oligocene age, offers a more suitable biofacies, but its fauna shows little affinity with that from the Bohio forma tion. Orthaulax, Globularia, Pachycrommium, and Gonysycon are extinct. The larger foraminifera from locality 42d (Cole, 1957) and the stratigraphic position below the Caimito formation are decisive for a late Oligocene age. CAIMITO FORMATION The Caimito formation includes two distinct bio facies : a shallow-water facies on the Panama Railroad north and south of the Bohio Peninsula (localities 56, 57, 57a) and in the Quebrancha syncline (locality 62); and a moderately deep-water facies on Barro Colorado Island (localities 54g to 54n) and Pato Horqueto Island (locality 55a). Locality 55b is a fossiliferous conglomerate interbedded with the moderately deep- water tuffaceous siltstone of locality 55a. The conglom erate evidently is a gravity slide, as its fossils are shallow-water forms. It therefore is grouped with' the shallow-water facies. The two facies are so different that separate tables are presented for them. No species is found in both; in fact, only two genera (Architec- tonica and Conus) occur in both. (The Architectonica of the moderately deep-water facies is an unidentified species.) Chapter D covers the species in the next two tables. Gastropods from shallow-water facies of Caimito formation (Mar- ginellidae to Turridae) [R, rare; F, few; C, common] Localities 55b 56 57 Marginella (Eratoidea) aff. M. mollitor DalL __________ R ___. Conus sp___________________________________ R _______ Conus cf. C. sulculus Dall_______-_-_-___--______--- C R Conus aff. C. chipolanus DalL ______________________ R ___. Gemmula cf. G. arnica Casey________________________ F ___. Pleurofusia sp------------------------------------ R -__. Gastropods from moderately deep-water facies of Caimito formation (Conidae to Cavolinidae) Conus cf. C.peruvianus Olsson. Srobinella aff. S. morierei Paraborsonia aff. P. brassoen- Vaginella lophota Woodring, n. Cavolina (Paleocavolina) [R, rare; C, common] 54g R R 54h R R R R 54j R C R Localities The turrids and pteropods in the preceding list are noteworthy. Cavolina xenica, the oldest species of the genus, is the type of the subgenus Paleocavolina. Forty-one species of gastropods are recorded from the Caimito formation. Half of them are not named at the specific level. Five of the seven unequivocally identified species are endemic. The next two tables show 54k R R R 541 R 54m R 54n R R 55a R R R
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Abderospira... ....................
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Cancellaria (Cancellaria) Continued
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Daphnella Continued pagera.........
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Page ischnum, Strioterebrum........
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Page Strombidae_ ..................
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PLATES 48-66
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GEOLOGICAL SURVEY PROFESSIONAL PAPE
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16 17 MIDDLE MIOCENE MOLLUSKS FROM
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GEOLOGICAL SURVEY MIDDLE MIOCENE MO
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MIDDLE MIOCENE MOLLUSKS FROM GATUN
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MIDDLE MIOCENE MOLLUSKS FROM GATUN
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