An Introduction to Biomass Thermochemical Conversion - NREL

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Stages of Combustion of Solids •Drying •Devolatilization Pyrolysis Gasification •Flaming Combustion •Residual Char Combustion
Combustion Reactions C( s) + O ( g) → CO ( g) 2 2 1 H 2 ( g) + O2 ( g) → H 2O( l) 2 CH 4 ( g) + 2O2 → CO2 ( g) + 2H 2O( l) HHV = water as liquid LHV = water as gas
Page 1 and 2: An Introduction to Biomass Thermoch
Page 3 and 4: Fuels, Chemicals, Materials, Heat a
Page 5: Combustion Pyrolysis • Thermal co
Page 8 and 9: POTENTIAL BIOMASS PRODUCTS • Pote
Page 10 and 11: Proximate (wt% as received) Poplar
Page 12 and 13: Actual HHV (Btu/lb) 12000 10000 800
Page 14 and 15: Alfalfa stems Rice straw Wood - yar
Page 18: Combustor Types •Stoker Grate •
Page 21 and 22: Biomass Technology Stoker Boiler, W
Page 23 and 24: 1.0 Fossil Energy In Life Cycle CO2
Page 25 and 26: Electricity (cents/kWh) and Steam (
Page 27 and 28: Product High Pressure Low Pressure
Page 29 and 30: Mixed Oxygenates Conventional Flash
Page 31 and 32: 1792 and all that • Murdoch (1792
Page 33 and 34: C + CO2 = 2CO C + H2O = CO + H2 C +
Page 35 and 36: Table 2: Gas composition for fluid
Page 37 and 38: Biomass Coal Oxygen Sulfur Ash Alka
Page 39 and 40: Community Power Corporation’s Cor
Page 42 and 43: Contribution to Hydrogen Price for
Page 44 and 45: Life Cycle GWP and Energy Balance f
Page 46 and 47: CRUDE OIL CRUDE TOWER ATMOS RESID H
Page 48 and 49: Net Revenue Potential of Biorefiner
Page 50 and 51: Pyrolysis
Page 52 and 53: Mechanisms of Pyrolysis Many pathwa
Page 54 and 55: Fast Pyrolysis of Biomass • Fast
Page 56 and 57: Operational Pyrolysis Units Fluid b
Page 58 and 59: Fluid Bed Heating Options 1 Hot wal
Page 60 and 61: Fluid Bed Reactors Good temperature
Page 62 and 63: CFB and Transported Beds • Good t
Page 64 and 65: Vacuum Moving Bed Developed at Uni
Page 66 and 67:
Char Removal Char acts as a vapor c
Page 68 and 69:
Fast Pyrolysis Bio-oil Bio-oil is w
Page 70 and 71:
Upgrading of Bio-oils Physical Meth
Page 72 and 73:
Bio-oil Cost Different claims of th
Page 74 and 75:
Research Opportunities
Page 76 and 77:
Biomass Thermochemical Conversion P
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An Introduction to Biomass Thermochemical Conversion - NREL

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