Incest in Pardon and Marriage - People Fas Harvard

Incest in Pardon and Marriage
titution), it is antithetical to the genuine reciprocity in marriage that it
seeks. Now that Vincentio has used the commercial part of himself to
its fullest positive potential, when he receives from Isabella no spoken
response to his first proposal (her last words in the play are her ratio-
nale for pardoning Angelo), Vincentio tries to, has to, separate himself
from, or transcend, the negative aspect of the "trade of flesh."25
Vincentio's negative aspect, his hidden intents, is personified on
stage in the figure of Lucio. Until the Duke rids himself of that nega-
tive aspect-or at least seems to-by dismissing Lucio, he cannot pro-
pose marriage in a fully respectable, or reciprocal, way. Thus Lucio by
his eradication, like Ragozine by his death, is a scapegoat of the piece.
In Measure for Measure Lucio is a gadfly or motive spring, much like
Mephistopheles in Goethe's Faust. Just as Faust both depends on and
dislikes the force that Mephistopheles represents, so Vincentio both
depends on and dislikes what Lucio represents. During the course of
the play, for example, Vincentio uses to advantage the "trade of flesh"
that, to all intents, militates against his own ducal patriarchy. Similarly,
he slanders the only visible ruler in Vienna when he convinces the
Provost to disobey Angelo, and he even casts doubt upon his own
ducal authority. These two crimes, slander and illegitimate procrea-
tion, are the ones for which Lucio, the shadow that clings to Vincentio
("I am a kind of burr, I shall stick" [4.3.177]), is sentenced at the end
of the play.
Slander. In Measure for Measure slander is confused with battery in
the same way that intent is confused with act. Consider the exchange
in which Constable Elbow protests Pompey's imagined slur on Elbow's
"respected" (2.1.16 1 ) wife:
Elbow. Prove this, thou wicked Hannibal, or I'll have mine (2.1.175)
action of battery on thee.
Escalus. If he took you a box o' th' ear, you might have your action of slander
too.
The action of slander is battery. Just as a punning malapropism con-
flates a "respected" woman with a "suspected" prostitute, so the con-
flation of "slander" with "battery" elides talk with act. If it is the hid-
den intent of respectable people (like Isabella and Angelo) to behave
like suspected prostitutes and their clients, so it is the intent of slander
to be battery. It is willy-nilly the telos of such talk as Lucio's slander,
for example, to enact the destruction of the figure of the Duke as po-
litical leader; the telos of his talk is therefore a kind of treason. In this
sense Lucio the soldier has battered the legal authority of his home,
attacking laws that, as Heraclitus knew, are the real walls of a town.26