Phylum Echinodermata

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Articulata (Comatulida) occur from intertidal to abyssal depths retain a stalk as postlarvae, but shed all but the topmost segment and take up a free existence as juveniles and adults with cirri (columns of ossicles) radiating from the margin of the centrodorsal plate distal ossicle is a small claw (holdfast) Leptometra celtica <strong>Echinodermata</strong> – classification – Pelmatozoa – Crinoidea – Articulata – Comatulida Antedon bifida
In deep water settings: Stalked crinoids survive to the present Crown of arms directed against current for effective filtering
Page 1 and 2: echinoderms Echinodermata tagghudin
Page 3 and 4: Echinodermata Klein, 1734 ex Brugui
Page 5 and 6: Ossicles ... ... can be fused into
Page 7 and 8: Water vascular system (= ambulacral
Page 9 and 10: ambulacra Echinodermata - general f
Page 11 and 12: Ecology exclusively marine and sten
Page 13 and 14: Echinodermata - ecology
Page 15 and 16: systematics Echinodermata 1) Stem-g
Page 17 and 18: Helicoplacoidea (Lower Cambrian) sp
Page 19 and 20: Homlozoa systematics Echinodermata
Page 21 and 22: marginalia presumed mouth ”arm”
Page 23 and 24: Calcichordate theory (Jefferies 198
Page 25 and 26: Pelmatozoa (since Middle Cambrian)
Page 27 and 28: [anal pyramid, brachiols, dichopore
Page 29 and 30: Blastoidea sensu stricto Echinoderm
Page 31 and 32: Crinoidea (since Ordovician) radial
Page 33: Camerata Echinodermata - classifica
Page 37 and 38: Eleutherozoa (since Early Cambrian
Page 39 and 40: Holothuroidea (sea cucumbers) mouth
Page 41 and 42: Asterozoa echinoderms with depresse
Page 43 and 44: Somasteroidea Asterozoans with oral
Page 45 and 46: Echinozoa (”sea urchins”) echin
Page 47 and 48: Aristotle's lantern perignathic gir
Page 49 and 50: Echinoidea classification ==o Echin
Page 51 and 52: Echinodermata - classification - El
Page 53 and 54: Cyclocystoidea enigmatic Paleozoic
Page 55 and 56: Echmatocrinus from the Middle Cambr
Page 57: systematics Echinodermata summary
Page 60 and 61: Echinodermata - systematics
Page 62 and 63: Echinodermata - systematics
Page 64 and 65: Echinodermata - evolution

Phylum Echinodermata

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