Water and Energy - Draft Report of the GWRC Research ... - IWA

polluted areas. If it takes place in catchment areas risks may occur for water supply systems.
Within the framework of Risk Assessment/Risk Management practices (Water Safety Plans)
water utilities investigate these risks.
Initiatives at Waternet (Amsterdam)
- Cold water recovery from deep lakes
- Energy recovery from domestic waste water
- Biogas recovery and reuse from waste water sludge treatment
- Integral approach for water and energy at large real estate projects (a.o. Zuid-As)
Blue energy (2003 – 2010)
Production of electricity at the interface of fresh and brackish water. Studies and lab- and pilot
scale are ongoing.
Biological fuel cell (2004 – 2008)
Biocatalytic electrolysis to produce hydrogen gas from waste water.
Low-pressure advanced oxidation with UV/H2O2 (2007-2010)
UV/H2O2 Advanced oxidation using UV radiation as well as with hydroxyl radicals is an
effective and aselective barrier for organic micropollutants in drinking water production. Due to
high UV absorbance of hydrogen peroxide at low wavelengths, medium pressure lamps emitting
a broad spectrum are generally used for this process. Recent research has shown that the use of
low-pressure lamps can be as effective as medium pressure lamps for the production of hydroxyl
radicals. Establishing the Electrical Energy per Order (EE/O) for relevant organic micro
pollutants, it was found that low-pressure UV/H2O2 requires significantly less energy than
medium-pressure UV/H2O2. This project with international partners is currently in the phase of
pilot testing.
Prevention of membrane fouling (2007 – 2009)
A number on new innovative membrane concepts, applying techniques based on forward
osmosis and air flushing, are under development. These technologies can control and reduce
membrane fouling and therefore reduce the energy consumption of these processes significantly.
Waste water desalination (2005 – 2009)
Discharge of saline waste water streams are an increasing concern for sustainability and the
introduction of the European Water Framework Directive. Still, because of technical and
economical reasons, saline waste streams are being discharged. Great benefits would be
achieved if the discharge of saline waste streams could be minimized or prevented against
acceptable costs. Promising treatment concepts for the reduction of saline streams in
combination with the application of the utilization of waste heat are investigated.
Comparison of IEX and membrane filtration for demi-water production (2007- 2009)
In this study a comparison is made between the application of IEX and membrane filtration for
demiwater production. The study considers investment and O&M costs. Energy is an important
factor in the comparison.
Treatment scenario’s for fermentation broth (2007- 2009)
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