SCIENCE TEST

33. Is the hypothesis that Species A and Species C acted synergistically supported by the results of
Experiment 2 ?
A. Yes, because both acid and CO2 were produced from sucrose.
B. Yes, because both acid and CO2 were produced from lactose.
C. No, because only acid, not CO2, was produced from both sucrose and lactose.
D. No, because neither acid nor CO2 was produced from lactose.
Answer: D.
Species C produces 4both acid and CO2 in sucrose, so we would expect both to be
produced in a mix of A and C, even without synergy. For evidence of synergy, we would
need to see the production of acid or both acid and CO2 when both A and C are present,
since neither species alone produces acid or CO2 in lactose.
Passage VII
34. Which of the following stateme
with the DNA Hypothesis? The
Passage VII
In the 1940s, scientists thought all genetic material generally increase from cell ty
In the 1940s, scientists was thought contained all genetic in structures material was called contained chromosomes in structures and called thatchromosomes
number and of:
that chromosomes had chromosomes been found only had in the been nucleus found of only a cell in (not the in nucleus the cytoplasm): of a cell
(not in the cytoplasm):
F. amino acids in the nucleus in
to cell type.
cytoplasm
G. amino acids in the cytoplas
type to cell type.
H. chromosomes in the nucleu
type to cell type.
J. chromosomes in the cytopla
nucleus
type to cell type.
chromosomes
35. By referring to the observatio
exclusively in the nucleus whi
throughout the cell, the scientis
Hypothesis implies that genes a
because which of the following
the nucleus?
A. Amino acids
Chromosomes are composed
Chromosomes
of 2 types
are
of molecules,
composed
proteins
of 2 types
and
of
deoxyribonucleic
molecules, pro-
acid (DNA). B. Proteins
teins and deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA). Proteins are com-
are com- posed of subunits called amino acids. DNA consists of chains of subunits called nucleotides. C. Gametes
posed of subunits called amino acids. DNA consists of
The
parts of chromosomes that are responsible for the transmission of genetic information are called D. genes. Chromosomes
chains of subunits called nucleotides. The parts of chromo-
Two scientists in the 1940s somes debate that whether are responsible genes are for made the of transmission proteins or DNA. of genetic
information are called genes.
36. According to the passage, a sim
Protein Hypothesis
and proteins is that both types of
Genes are made only of proteins. Two scientists Proteins make in the up 1940s 50% or debate more of whether a cell’s genes dry weight. are Cells contain F. are 20 found only in gametes.
made of proteins or DNA.
different amino acids that can be arranged in a virtually infinite number of ways to make different G. proteins. are abundant in the cytoplasm
The number and arrangement of different amino acids within a protein form the codes that contain H. contain 20 different amino a
hereditary information.
J. are composed of smaller sub
Protein Hypothesis
In contrast, only 4 different
Genes
nucleotides
are made
make up
only
the
of
DNA
proteins.
found in
Proteins
cells, and
make
they are
up
believed 37. to According form to the Protein Hypoth
50% or more of a cell’s dry weight. Cells contain 20 differ-
chains only in certain ratios. As a result, the number of different combinations that DNA can carry lowing is much observations provides t
ent amino acids that can be arranged in a virtually infinite
smaller than the number that proteins can carry.
that genes are NOT composed of
number of ways to make different proteins. The number
and arrangement of different amino acids within a protein A. DNA is composed of only 4
DNA Hypothesis form the codes that contain hereditary information.
B. DNA is composed of smal
proteins.
Genes are made only of DNA. DNA is found exclusively in the cell’s nucleus, whereas proteins are found
throughout the nucleus and cytoplasm. In contrast, Additionally, only 4 different the amount nucleotides of protein make in a up cell the C. DNA is abundant in both
varies from cell type to
DNA found in cells, and they are believed to form chains
cytoplasm.
cell type, even within the
only
same
in certain
animal.
ratios. As a result, the number of different D. The concentration of DNA
combinations that DNA can carry is much smaller than the
from cell to cell.
Though DNA is less abundant number than that proteins, proteins the can amount carry. is consistent from cell type to cell type within the
same animal, except for the gametes (the reproductive cells). Gametes have half the amount 38. of DNA Mitochondria as are organelles loc
other cells in the body. Gametes also have half the typical number of chromosomes. Thus, the amount that are of responsible for energy tr
DNA Hypothesis
Genes are made only of DNA. DNA is found exclusively
in the cell’s nucleus, whereas proteins are found
After the 1940s, it was observ
contain their own genes. This o
evidence stated in which hypothe
throughout the nucleus and cytoplasm. Additionally, the
amount of protein in a cell varies from cell type to cell
type, even within the same animal.
F. The DNA Hypothesis, beca
of DNA, the observation wo
present outside the nucleus.