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Water balance in marine mammals - Food eaten by Cetaceans varies in its salt content. Baleen whales ingest seawater with the food, further adding to the salt problem. - A whale can drink a litre of seawater and have a net gain of one-third litre of pure water after the salts are excreted! - The kidneys of the whale can produce urine more concentrated than sea water. - Excretory organs play an important role in osmoregulation – the maintenance of a balanced water and solute concentration, in addition to their function to remove metabolic end products and detoxification. - The kidneys of Cetaceans are efficient, being made up of many functional units called reniculi. These are effectively lots of ‘small’ kidneys. - A further way of reducing water loss in females is to produce a more concentrated milk which also increases its fat & protein content. This has the advantage of increasing the growth of the offsprings by transferring large amounts of fat. Copulation, Birth & Gestation - This varies greatly between species but requires careful coordination of swimming and breathing! - Humpback whales stand vertically on their tails, chest to chest. - Grey whales lie side by side at the surface on their backs, and role, often assisted by a second male to maintain their position! - Several attempts of penetration over a couple of hours are required and intercourse lasts 10 to 30 seconds! Most cetaceans are polygamists and mate for pleasure and reproduction. Immature males practice sexual contact and touching on each other.
- The gestation period varies with species. - Migratory whales will travel to warm, shallow waters with an abundant food supply to give birth. - The calf is born tail first and blowhole last to minimise the risk of drowning – known as caudal presentation. - The umbilical cord is thick and the intertwined blood vessels make it tough and rigid – this prevents it from getting crushed during the birthing process. - When the calf emerges, the umbilical cord is put under strain and snaps.The placenta, foetal membrane and the remaining portion of the umbilical cord are produced after a considerable time 8 or 9 hours after the actual birth. - The mother urges the newborn calf to the surface in a matter of seconds after birth.
Page 2 and 3: B D c r e a t i v e
Page 4 and 5: “To say nothing, to do nothing, s
Page 6 and 7: “What a country chooses to save i
Page 8 and 9: Mount Teide • Mount Teide is the
Page 10 and 11: What are the volunteer duties? You
Page 12 and 13: Activities Tenerife is an extraordi
Page 14 and 15: Accomodation Accomodation is provid
Page 16 and 17: AWF 27 Whales Species “We do not
Page 18 and 19: Profile Weight at Birth: 60 Kg (135
Page 20 and 21: Behaviour and Social Structure: - S
Page 22 and 23: Travelling - when the pod are swimm
Page 24 and 25: Pan-tropical Spotted Dolphin Stenel
Page 26 and 27: Boat Rules 1. When out on the boats
Page 28 and 29: Data Sheet (2)
Page 30 and 31: The Data Explained 1. In the middle
Page 32 and 33: General Activities Logging: Animals
Page 34 and 35: Lighting is also important when try
Page 36 and 37: Data Sheet after the boat Data Proc
Page 38 and 39: What is Pollution? “The act of ma
Page 40 and 41: Habitat Degradation Natural habitat
Page 42 and 43: Human exploitation of whales dates
Page 44 and 45: AWF General Information “Washing
Page 46 and 47: Adaptations However their aquatic l
Page 48 and 49: The Food Chain - Plankton means ‘
Page 50 and 51: Feeding The ways different Cetacean
Page 54 and 55: “Earth provides enough to satisfy
Page 56 and 57: The most frequent turtle in the Can
Page 58 and 59: Sea Birds Common birds seen on Tene
Page 60: B D c r e a t i v e With thanks to

Download our induction pack here - Atlantic Whale Foundation

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