Apollo 204 Review Board Appendix C Section 2 - NASA's History ...

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Consu.mables Hydrogen (_) (supercritical gas) Oxygen (02) (sucercritica! gas) Nitrogen (N2)(fuel cell reference _ressure) Basic Date. _"__'" " 5MZA-03-SC012 APOLLO OPERATIONS HANDBOOK propellant consumption noted during each firing. (The total propellant requirements are limited to the total usable propellants available to the S/C.) EPS AND EC$ CONSU._PTION DATA• Gxygen and hydrogen reactants (from the cryogenic Storage system) are consumed by the EPS fuel cell power plants in the generation of electrical mower, for the S/C. Water, as a byproduct, is provided for the ECS. Oxygen from the cryogenic storage system is also supplied to the ECS for metabolic consumption by the cre_emters and for pressurization of the crew compartment and the PGA. Vhe cryogenic tanks for oxygen and hydrogen are initially filiei to at least 97 percent of full capacitr. Nominal values for these consumables are as follows: Storage 2 Wci_?:t 9._r lank "Filled [!sable (!b ) ( ib ) 29 • _-' 28. 0 327.? 320.0 O. LL 0.4 h Flow Rate to System O.lh Ib/hr (min) 0.27 ib/hr (max) (0.75 lb/hr-purge only) 1.70 ib/hr (min) 2.58 ib/hr (max) (0.6 ib/hr-purge only) N/A NOTE Both the EPS and ECS utilize oxygen from the sane cryogenic storage system (489 pounds of usable 02 for the EPS and 151 pounds for the ECS). EP2 Fuel Cell Reactants Consumption. The 02 and H 2 cons,&mption versus electrical output for one, two, or three fuel cell power plants is shown in figure h-2[. Only the }{o curve is given. (The 02 consumption rate is eight times the H2 rate.) Water generated by the 1_el c_lls nay be calculated by m,*It[plvinm the H 2 cons,_mption rat_ by nine. " - _O_,,b2,'IAzLa _.EQUI_E2,:£:[T?. _Revision Date Page Lt3) i T - i
",,, I APOLLO SMZA-' OPERATIONS 03-SC01Z HANDBOOK I PERFORMANCE , _ i I NOTE: WATER GENERATION RATE IS OBTAINED BY MULTIPI.YING H2 I CONSUMPTION RATEBY NINE , 0.40 I::_'",!_' ::::,:_ :_:.:..:,_i_, I:_'t:,_r":I_.'_.' $':_ ::t:':'li_|'.:_J_l_'_ 3.20 -- _!_ _',_ t'.:!:l'_!i:_: ....... : _'.'_._._, _-.-._" 3 FUEL CELLS_A_ : '_:_!!|:' . .: ._...! ,.', ...... : l'.i_i_ _"I ......... ,I • r_: _._L_=,_:!!:_:_ 35 "" [_ -_ _ '._'_:' "':'_ '-,'I.' ;:}': :_: :, . ,._.'t.- 2._o- _ .,..:._ .-i. _.,. . ,., _,. •,-,.=:,-: _., ..... _ ._._. ,___ :_ : :,_ _ _|: 0.25 :i.', _'_'*"i "i_':_" • _:,. ,_ :T _i:i:-_",' ': ' _ _ _!_ _ iF_EL_'-'CEL''''"[_ 2 _ I s 0.40 -- _!_._._i__1_:_+_l.."ai':_:ii'i r,_ -_Bi: !. ,, ._.._!:._.LE-_: _, '/..:'..._. li.i@.'il _ J.......... TYPICAL MMDB IN _o,_,,o_ I 0- u_---_ 70 80 90 100 110 120 130 140 150 3 FUELCELLCURRENT (AMPERES) I I l I. I l- Ir I _1 I I- J i 50 55 60 65 70 75 80 85 90 95 100 2 FUEL CELL CURRENT (AMPERES) I 1 L I_ I I, I, I : i, k I 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 50 55 60 65 1 FUEL CELL CURRENT (AMPERES) I I I I I Figure _-21. Cryogenic Consumption Versus Fuel Cell Current in order to maintain fuel cell operating efficiency, Basic Date- _2 Nov 19§_-.Revision Date-_- ] SM-2A- 1095 purging of each _ower plant is accomplished every 7 hourS. The purges will normally be staggered so that a H 2 purge will follow an 02 purge by _.5 hours. The present purging cycle Of 7 hours is based upon the maximum normal power output of 1420 watts per fuel cell. Th_ time between purges is based upon the ratio of the pre_ent maximum of 1420 watts/fuel cell power plant to the actual maximum gross power demand times 7 hours. Thus, if the actual maximum gross power demand is 710 watts/fuel cell module, the nominal purge interval of 7 hours would be increased by 1420/710 or 2. Multiplying 2 times 7 would then provide a purge interval of 14 hours, During purging, the power plant continues to consume reactants in the quantities required to produce the power demanded by Z/C electrical loads. The duration of each H 2 purge is 80 seconds and 120 seconds for each 0 2 purge ................. CONSUMABLE REQUiREME_S ...... Page .... _-2L .......
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