Organic Reactions Volume 4 - Sciencemadness Dot Org

338 ORGANIC REACTIONS
214
Carstanjen, J". prakt. Chem., 23, 429 (1881).
215
du Feu, McQuillin, and Robinson, J. Chem. Soc, 1937, 58.
216
Datta and Bhoumik, J. Am. Chem. Soc, 43, 309 (1921).
217
Bayrac, Bull soc. chim. France, [3] 13, 979 (1895).
218
Gibbs and Robertson, J. Chem Soc, 105, 1887 (1914).
219
Kumagai and Wolffenstein, Bet., 41, 299 (1908).
220
Vorlander and Schrodter, Bet., 34, 1653 (1901).
221
Claus and Schweitzer, Ber., 19, 927 (1886).
222
Kehrmann, Mussmann, and Facchinetti, Ber., 48, 2021 (1915).
223
Angeletti and Oliverio, Gazz. chim. ital, 70, 342 (1940).
224
Kehrmann, Ber., 49, 1212 (1916).
225
Elbs and Brunnschweiler, J, prakt. Chem,, [2] 52, 559 (1895).
226
Southworth, Ann., 168, 273 (1873).
227
Seelig, Ann., 237, 145 (1887).
228
Bures, Chem. Listy, 21, 108 (1927) [C. A., 22, 63 (1928)].
229
Chulkov, Parine, and Barshov, Org. Chem. Ind. U.S.S.R., 3, 410 (1937).
230
Gomp-Besanez, Ann., 143, 159 (1867); Brauninger, Ann., 185, 352 (1877); Richter,
Ber., 34, 4296 (1901).
231
Kehrmann and Rust, Ann., 303, 24 (1898).
m
Claus and Dreher, /. prakt. Chem., [2] 39, 370 (1889).
233
Kohn and Rabinowitsch, Monatsh., 48, 361 (1927).
234
Zmcko and Klostermann, Ber., 40, 679 (1907).
235
Auwors and Erggelet, Ber., 32, 3033 (1899).
238
Auwors and Burrows, Ber., 32, 3038 (1899).
237
Auwers and Hampe, Ber., 32, 3015 (1899).
238
Cohen and Marshall, J. Chem. Soc, 85, 527 (1904).
zm
Koolsoh and Wawzonek, /. Am. Chem. Soc, 65, 755 (1943).
239
Fieser and Chang, J. Am. Chem. Soc, 64, 2048 (1942).
240
Nolting and Forel, Ber., 18, 2673 (1885).
ma
Smith and Tess, J. Am. Chem. Soc, 66, 1523 (1944).
241
Auwers and Borscho, Ber., 48, 1699 (footnote 3) (1915).
242
Auwers, Ber., 40, 2528 (1907).
243
Claus and Runschke, J. prakt. Chem., [2] 42, 110 (1890).
243a Smith and Wiley, J. Am. Chem. Soc, 68, 894 (1946).
244
Jacobsen, Ann., 195, 271 (1879).
245
Kohn and Feldmann, Monatsh., 49, 169 (1928).
24Ba
Smith and Nichols, /. Am. Chem. Soc, 65, 1742 (1943).
240
Nolting, Witt, and Forel, Ber., 18, 2667 (1885).
247
Kehrmann and Stiller, Ber,, 45, 3348 (1912),
HYDROXYQUINONES AND DERIVATIVES
Many hydroxyquinones have been prepared by the general methods
discussed for alkylquinones, and the most common oxidizing agents are
those previously mentioned; however, since hydroxyquinones are not
sufficiently volatile to be steam-distilled they are usually isolated by
crystallization or extraction from the reaction mixture.
A very successful preparation of hydroxyquinones is that introduced
in 1900 by Thiele and Winter. 248 When a quinone is treated with acetic
anhydride and sulfuric acid a triacetoxybenzene is formed; the hydroxy-
248 Thiele and Winter, Ann., 311, 341 (1900).