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Cover images # Murray Robertson/visual elements 1998–99, taken from the 109 Visual Elements Periodic Table, available at www.chemsoc.org/viselements ISBN 0-85404-438-8 Acatalogue record for this book is available from the British Library # International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry, 2005 All rights reserved Apart from fair dealing for the purposes of research for non-commercial purposes or for private study, criticism or review, as permitted under the Copyright, Designs and Patents Act 1988 and the Copyright and Related Rights Regulations 2003, this publication may not be reproduced, stored or transmitted, in any form or by any means, without the prior permission inwriting of The Royal Society of Chemistry, or in the case of reproduction in accordance with the terms of licences issued by the Copyright Licensing Agency in the UK, or in accordance with the terms of the licences issued by the appropriate Reproduction Rights Organization outside the UK. Enquiries concerning reproduction outside the terms stated here should be sent to The Royal Society of Chemistry at the address printed on this page. Published for the International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry by The Royal Society of Chemistry, Thomas Graham House, Science Park, Milton Road, Cambridge CB4 0WF, UK Registered Charity Number 207890 For further information see our web site at www.rsc.org and the IUPAC site at www.iupac.org Typeset by Alden Bookset, Northampton, UK Printed by Biddles Ltd, King’s Lynn, Norfolk, UK
Preface Chemical nomenclature must evolve to reflect the needs of the community that makes use of it. In particular, nomenclature must be created todescribe new compounds or classes of compounds; modified to resolve ambiguities which might arise; or clarified where there is confusion over the way in which nomenclature should be used. There is also aneed to make nomenclature as systematic and uncomplicated as possible in order to assist less familiar users (for example, because they are only in the process of studying chemistry or are nonchemists who need to deal with chemicals atwork or at home). Arevision of Nomenclature of Inorganic Chemistry, IUPAC Recommendations 1990 (Red Book I) was therefore initiated in 1998, under the guidance of the IUPAC Commission on Nomenclature of Inorganic Chemistry (CNIC) and then, onthe abolition of CNIC in 2001 as part of the general restructuring ofIUPAC, by aproject group working under the auspices of the Division of Chemical Nomenclature and Structure Representation (Division VIII). The need to ensure that inorganic and organic nomenclature systems are, as far as possible, consistent has resulted in extensive cooperation between the editors ofthe revised Red Book and the editorsof Nomenclature of Organic Chemistry, IUPAC Recommendations (the revised ‘Blue Book’, in preparation). At present, the concept of preferred IUPAC names (PINs), an important element in the revision of the Blue Book, has not been extended to inorganic nomenclature (though preferred names are used herein for organic, i.e. carboncontaining, compounds when appropriate). Aplanned future project on inorganic PINs will need to face the problem of choice between the equally valid nomenclature systems currently in use. The present book supersedes not only Red Book I but also, where appropriate, Nomenclature of Inorganic Chemistry II, IUPAC Recommendations 2000 (Red Book II). One of the main changes from Red Book Iis the different organization of material, adopted to improve clarity. Thus, Chapters IR-5 (Compositional Nomenclature, and Overview of Names of Ions and Radicals), IR-6 (Parent Hydride Names and Substitutive Nomenclature), and IR-7 (Additive Nomenclature) deal with the general characteristics ofthe three main nomenclature systems applied to inorganic compounds. (Note that the notation ‘IR-’ isused to distinguish chapters and sections in the current book from those in Red Book I, prefixed ‘I-’). The next three chapters deal with their application, particularly that of additive nomenclature, to three large classes of compounds: inorganic acids and derivatives (Chapter IR-8), coordination compounds (Chapter IR-9) and organometallic compounds (Chapter IR-10). Overall, the emphasis onadditive nomenclature (generalized from the classical nomenclature of coordination compounds) which was already apparent in Red Book Iis reinforced here. Examples are even included oforganic compounds, from the borderline between inorganic and organic chemistry, which may be conveniently named using additive nomenclature (although their PINs will be different). One important addition in this book is Chapter IR-10 on Organometallic Compounds. The separation of this material from that on Coordination Compounds (Chapter IR-9) reflects the huge growth in importance oforganometallic chemistry and the very different v
Page 1 and 2: NOMENCLATURE OF INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
Page 3: International Union of Pure and App
Page 7: chains and rings (adapted from Chap
Page 10 and 11: CONTENTS IR-3.3 Isotopes 48 IR-3.4
Page 12 and 13: CONTENTS TABLES Table I Names, symb
Page 14 and 15: GENERALAIMS,FUNCTIONS AND METHODS I
Page 28 and 29: GRAMMAR IR-2.1 IR-2.15 Ordering pri
Page 30 and 31: GRAMMAR IR-2.2 IR-2.2.2 Square brac
Page 32 and 33: (Compare with the use of parenthese
Page 34 and 35: GRAMMAR IR-2.2 (g) In the Kröger-V
Page 36 and 37: 11. ( þ ) 589-[Co(en) 3 ]Cl 3 ( þ
Page 38 and 39: They can also indicate the sign of
Page 40 and 41: (c) Centre dots in formulae of (for
Page 42 and 43: (b) To separate the subscripts that
Page 44 and 45: GRAMMAR IR-2.8 (d) To designate the
Page 46 and 47: GRAMMAR IR-2.9 Example: 20. IR-2.8.
Page 48 and 49: k as aligating atom designator in t
Page 50 and 51: IR-2.14 LOCANTS GRAMMAR IR-2.14 IR-
Page 52 and 53: GRAMMAR IR-2.15 (j) To indicate ste
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GRAMMAR IR-2.15 IR-2.15.3 Other ord
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GRAMMAR IR-2.16 Example: 5 1. [Cr2
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IR-3 Elements CONTENTS IR-3.1 Names
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ELEMENTS IR-3.4 The right lower pos
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ELEMENTS IR-3.4 atom. This symbol d
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ELEMENTS IR-3.6 The generic terms p
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FORMULAE IR-4.2 IR-4.1 INTRODUCTION
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FORMULAE IR-4.2 6. Ca 3 (PO 4 ) 2 7
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FORMULAE IR-4.4 14. ([CuCl 3 ] ) n
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FORMULAE IR-4.4 2 3. [Mo6 O 18] 5
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FORMULAE IR-4.4 3. FeO(OH) 4. NaTl(
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FORMULAE IR-4.5 IR-4.5 ISOTOPICALLY
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FORMULAE IR-4.6 Where it is not fea
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IR-5 Compositional Nomenclature, an
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9. SiCl 4 10. Ca3 P 2 silicon tetra
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IR-5.3.3 Anions IR-5.3.3.1 Overview
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COMPOSITIONALNOMENCLATURE IR-5.3 8.
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COMPOSITIONALNOMENCLATURE IR-5.4 4.
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COMPOSITIONALNOMENCLATURE IR-5.4 Se
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COMPOSITIONALNOMENCLATURE IR-5.5 Ex
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COMPOSITIONALNOMENCLATURE IR-5.7 by
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SUBSTITUTIVE NOMENCLATURE IR-6.2 IR
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SUBSTITUTIVE NOMENCLATURE IR-6.2 Ex
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SUBSTITUTIVE NOMENCLATURE IR-6.2 Ea
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SUBSTITUTIVE NOMENCLATURE IR-6.2 an
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SUBSTITUTIVE NOMENCLATURE IR-6.2 4.
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SUBSTITUTIVE NOMENCLATURE IR-6.2 Th
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SUBSTITUTIVE NOMENCLATURE IR-6.2 en
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SUBSTITUTIVE NOMENCLATURE IR-6.2 co
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SUBSTITUTIVE NOMENCLATURE IR-6.3 Ex
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SUBSTITUTIVE NOMENCLATURE IR-6.4 th
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ADDITIVE NOMENCLATURE IR-7.1 Note t
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ADDITIVE NOMENCLATURE IR-7.3 12. [T
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ADDITIVE NOMENCLATURE IR-7.3 13. (N
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For heterooligonuclear systems, mor
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ADDITIVE NOMENCLATURE IR-7.4 120 2.
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ADDITIVE NOMENCLATURE IR-7.4 122 9.
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IR-8 Inorganic Acids and Derivative
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INORGANIC ACIDSAND DERIVATIVES IR-8
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IR-9 Coordination Compounds CONTENT
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IR-9.1 INTRODUCTION IR-9.1.1 Genera
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Examples: IR-9.1.2.6 Coordination n
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COORDINATION COMPOUNDS IR-9.1 Examp
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COORDINATION COMPOUNDS IR-9.2 The f
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COORDINATION COMPOUNDS IR-9.2 11. M
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Examples: 2 1. [PtCl6 ] 3 þ 2. [C
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COORDINATION COMPOUNDS IR-9.2 Donor
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COORDINATION COMPOUNDS IR-9.2 6. O
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COORDINATION COMPOUNDS IR-9.2 Note,
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COORDINATION COMPOUNDS IR-9.2 bridg
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COORDINATION COMPOUNDS IR-9.2 4. 1
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COORDINATION COMPOUNDS IR-9.2 6. OC
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COORDINATION COMPOUNDS IR-9.2 The t
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COORDINATION COMPOUNDS IR-9.3 3. [C
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COORDINATION COMPOUNDS IR-9.3 squar
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COORDINATION COMPOUNDS IR-9.3 Table
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COORDINATION COMPOUNDS IR-9.3 follo
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COORDINATION COMPOUNDS IR-9.3 IR-9.
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COORDINATION COMPOUNDS IR-9.3 The C
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COORDINATION COMPOUNDS IR-9.3 B B A
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COORDINATION COMPOUNDS IR-9.3 The f
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COORDINATION COMPOUNDS IR-9.3 Bis(t
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IR-10 Organometallic Compounds CONT
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IR-10.2.1.2 Chelation ORGANOMETALLI
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ORGANOMETALLICCOMPOUNDS IR-10.2 tra
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ORGANOMETALLICCOMPOUNDS IR-10.2 Tab
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ORGANOMETALLICCOMPOUNDS IR-10.2 Exa
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ORGANOMETALLICCOMPOUNDS IR-10.2 gro
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ORGANOMETALLICCOMPOUNDS IR-10.2 7.
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ORGANOMETALLICCOMPOUNDS IR-10.2 aft
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ORGANOMETALLICCOMPOUNDS IR-10.2 Sub
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ORGANOMETALLICCOMPOUNDS IR-10.3 ref
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ORGANOMETALLICCOMPOUNDS IR-10.4 nom
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IR-11.1 INTRODUCTION IR-11.1.1 Gene
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Examples: 3. (Li2 ,Mg)Cl2 denotes a
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SOLIDS IR-11.4 subscripts such as a
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SOLIDS IR-11.6 systems. The use of
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SOLIDS IR-11.6 IR-11.6.3 Crystallog
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SOLIDS IR-11.9 forms or modificatio
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TABLES Table I Names, symbols and a
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TABLES TABLEII 250 Table II Tempora
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TABLES TABLEIII Table III Continued
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TABLES TABLEIV 258 Table IV Multipl
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Table VI Element sequence He Ne Ar
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TABLES TABLEVII Table VII Continued
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TABLES TABLEVII d The symbol ‘ (
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TABLES TABLE VIII Table VIII Contin
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TABLES TABLE IX Table IX Names of h
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TABLES TABLE IX Table IX Continued
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Table IX Continued TABLES TABLE IX
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Table IX Continued TABLES TABLE IX
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TABLES TABLE IX b Where an element
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TABLES TABLE X 338 Table X Continue
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Subject Index Element names, parent
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Subject Index stoichiometric names,
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Subject Index Carbene, 109, 291 Car
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Subject Index and diastereoisomers,
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Subject Index isotopes, 48 names, 4
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Subject Index order of constituents
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Subject Index from parent hydrides,
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Subject Index use of commas, 29 use
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Subject Index element names, 46-47
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Subject Index Orthoperiodate, 131,
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Subject Index Phosphoric acid deriv
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Subject Index homonuclear polycycli
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Subject Index hydrogen substitution
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