mega-study guide of Greek grammar and syntax

IV: NOUNS
1 ST DECLENSION
• mostly feminine, some masculine
• note the genitive singular endings: –hv, -av, -ou, -a=v, -h=v
• varieties include:
o feminine nominatives in –h with genitive in –hv [-h dominates the singular
endings]: a0ga/ph, ni/kh
o feminine nominatives in –a with genitive in -hv [-h and –a are mixed in the
singular endings]: glw~ssa, qa/lassa
o feminine nominatives in -a with stem ending in e, i, r, genitive in -av [-a
dominates the singular endings]: qe/a, basilei/a, qu/ra
o masculine nominatives in–hv, genitive in -ou [-h dominates the singular
endings]: dikasth/v, krith/v
o masculine nominatives in -av with stem ending in e, i, r [-ou, -a dominates
the singular endings]: tamiav (steward), Ai0nei/av
o contract nouns [observe the rules of vowel contraction]: mna=, sukh=, 9Ermh=v
2 ND DECLENSION
• most are masculine and neuter, some feminine
• note the genitive singular ending is consistently in -ou
• varieties include:
o nominative in -ov [masculine and feminine, endings are consistent]:
o nominative in -on [neuter, endings are consistent]:
o contract nouns [observe the rules of vowel contraction]: nou=v, o0stou=n, new/v
3 RD DECLENSION
• all three genders
• notice the article [o9, h9, to/]
• varieties include (see Smyth 256-279 for more exhaustive notes):
o mute labial stems [p,b,f; note the rules for doubling and undoubling consonants,
and note especially dative plural]: klw/y (klwp-), fle/y (fleb-), kath=lic
(kathlif-)
o mute palatal stems [k,g,x; note the rules for doubling and undoubling consonants,
and note especially dative plural]: fu/lac (fulak-), fa/lagc (falagg-), ai3c
(a9ig-),
o dental stems[t,d,q; note especially the dative plural]: o9dou/v (o9dont-), qau=ma
(qaumat-), e0lpi/v
o nasal stems [n; note the dative plural, largely regular]: de/lfiv (delfin-)
o liquid stems [l, r]: qh/r
o stems in –er, r [ drops out of stem in genitive and dative singular, restored in
accusative singular and onward]: mh/thr, quga/thr, path/r, gasth/r
a0nhr retains the stem 0andr- throughout the paradigm
o stems in -s [intervocal sigma drops out, follow the rules of vowel contraction]
o stems in –i, -u [stem vowel contracts with ending vowel]
note the subsets:
• o9 ma/ntiv, mantewv; h9 e1xiv, e0xewv; poliv; poihsiv; du/namiv;
sta/siv, u3briv
• o9 ki/v, kio/v; o9 Lu/gdamiv, Lugda/miov
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