The OpenGL Graphics System: A Specification

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CONTENTS vi D.10 Acknowledgements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 315 E Version 1.2.1 319 F Version 1.3 320 F.1 Compressed Textures . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 320 F.2 Cube Map Textures . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 320 F.3 Multisample . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 321 F.4 Multitexture . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 321 F.5 Texture Add Environment Mode . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 322 F.6 Texture Combine Environment Mode . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 322 F.7 Texture Dot3 Environment Mode . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 322 F.8 Texture Border Clamp . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 322 F.9 Transpose Matrix . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 323 F.10 Acknowledgements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 323 G Version 1.4 328 G.1 Automatic Mipmap Generation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 328 G.2 Blend Squaring . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 328 G.3 Changes to the Imaging Subset . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 329 G.4 Depth Textures and Shadows . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 329 G.5 Fog Coordinate . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 329 G.6 Multiple Draw Arrays . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 329 G.7 Point Parameters . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 330 G.8 Secondary Color . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 330 G.9 Separate Blend Functions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 330 G.10 Stencil Wrap . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 330 G.11 Texture Crossbar Environment Mode . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 330 G.12 Texture LOD Bias . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 331 G.13 Texture Mirrored Repeat . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 331 G.14 Window Raster Position . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 331 G.15 Acknowledgements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 331 H Version 1.5 334 H.1 Buffer Objects . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 334 H.2 Occlusion Queries . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 335 H.3 Shadow Functions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 335 H.4 Changed Tokens . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 335 H.5 Acknowledgements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 335 Version 2.0 - October 22, 2004
CONTENTS vii I Version 2.0 340 I.1 Programmable Shading . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 340 I.1.1 Shader Objects . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 340 I.1.2 Shader Programs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 340 I.1.3 <strong>OpenGL</strong> Shading Language . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 341 I.1.4 Changes To Shader APIs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 341 I.2 Multiple Render Targets . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 341 I.3 Non-Power-Of-Two Textures . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 341 I.4 Point Sprites . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 342 I.5 Separate Stencil . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 342 I.6 Other Changes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 342 I.7 Acknowledgements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 343 J ARB Extensions 345 J.1 Naming Conventions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 345 J.2 Promoting Extensions to Core Features . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 346 J.3 Multitexture . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 346 J.4 Transpose Matrix . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 346 J.5 Multisample . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 346 J.6 Texture Add Environment Mode . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 346 J.7 Cube Map Textures . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 347 J.8 Compressed Textures . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 347 J.9 Texture Border Clamp . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 347 J.10 Point Parameters . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 347 J.11 Vertex Blend . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 347 J.12 Matrix Palette . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 347 J.13 Texture Combine Environment Mode . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 348 J.14 Texture Crossbar Environment Mode . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 348 J.15 Texture Dot3 Environment Mode . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 348 J.16 Texture Mirrored Repeat . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 348 J.17 Depth Texture . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 348 J.18 Shadow . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 348 J.19 Shadow Ambient . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 348 J.20 Window Raster Position . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 349 J.21 Low-Level Vertex Programming . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 349 J.22 Low-Level Fragment Programming . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 349 J.23 Buffer Objects . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 349 J.24 Occlusion Queries . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 349 J.25 Shader Objects . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 349 J.26 High-Level Vertex Programming . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 350 Version 2.0 - October 22, 2004
Page 1 and 2: The OpenGL R○ Graphics System: A
Page 3 and 4: Contents 1 Introduction 1 1.1 Forma
Page 5 and 6: CONTENTS iii 3.5.7 Polygon Rasteriz
Page 7: CONTENTS v 6.1.14 Shader and Progra
Page 11 and 12: List of Figures 2.1 Block diagram o
Page 13 and 14: LIST OF TABLES xi 3.15 Conversion f
Page 15 and 16: Chapter 1 Introduction This documen
Page 17 and 18: 1.5. OUR VIEW 3 1.5 Our View We vie
Page 19 and 20: 2.1. OPENGL FUNDAMENTALS 5 general,
Page 21 and 22: 2.3. GL COMMAND SYNTAX 7 client sta
Page 23 and 24: 2.3. GL COMMAND SYNTAX 9 GL Type Mi
Page 25 and 26: 2.5. GL ERRORS 11 back from the fra
Page 27 and 28: 2.6. BEGIN/END PARADIGM 13 Each ver
Page 29 and 30: 2.6. BEGIN/END PARADIGM 15 Processe
Page 31 and 32: 2.6. BEGIN/END PARADIGM 17 2 1 3 4
Page 33 and 34: 2.6. BEGIN/END PARADIGM 19 2.6.2 Po
Page 35 and 36: 2.7. VERTEX SPECIFICATION 21 take t
Page 37 and 38: 2.8. VERTEX ARRAYS 23 MAX VERTEX AT
Page 39 and 40: 2.8. VERTEX ARRAYS 25 Command Sizes
Page 41 and 42: 2.8. VERTEX ARRAYS 27 Specifying an
Page 43 and 44: 2.8. VERTEX ARRAYS 29 enabled. Curr
Page 45 and 46: 2.8. VERTEX ARRAYS 31 void Interlea
Page 47 and 48: 2.9. BUFFER OBJECTS 33 } DisableCli
Page 49 and 50: 2.9. BUFFER OBJECTS 35 void BufferD
Page 51 and 52: 2.9. BUFFER OBJECTS 37 Name Value B
Page 53 and 54: 2.10. RECTANGLES 39 2.9.2 Array Ind
Page 55 and 56: 2.11. COORDINATE TRANSFORMATIONS 41
Page 57 and 58: 2.11. COORDINATE TRANSFORMATIONS 43
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2.11. COORDINATE TRANSFORMATIONS 45
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2.12. CLIPPING 53 undefined. The us
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2.13. CURRENT RASTER POSITION 55 is
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2.14. COLORS AND COLORING 57 raster
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2.14. COLORS AND COLORING 59 GL Typ
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2.14. COLORS AND COLORING 61 Parame
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2.14. COLORS AND COLORING 63 The va
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2.14. COLORS AND COLORING 65 Parame
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2.14. COLORS AND COLORING 67 Curren
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2.14. COLORS AND COLORING 69 The fi
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2.15. VERTEX SHADERS 71 2.14.9 Fina
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2.15. VERTEX SHADERS 73 The strings
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2.15. VERTEX SHADERS 75 void UsePro
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2.15. VERTEX SHADERS 77 have been l
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2.15. VERTEX SHADERS 79 Uniform Var
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2.15. VERTEX SHADERS 81 FLOAT VEC2,
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2.15. VERTEX SHADERS 83 image unit
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2.15. VERTEX SHADERS 85 • Clippin
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2.15. VERTEX SHADERS 87 it cannot b
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2.15. VERTEX SHADERS 89 • A boole
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From Primitive Assembly DrawPixels
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3.2. ANTIALIASING 93 uniform intens
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3.3. POINTS 95 exact positions, rat
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3.3. POINTS 97 3.3.1 Basic Point Ra
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3.3. POINTS 99 6.0 5.0 4.0 3.0 2.0
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3.4. LINE SEGMENTS 101 the fragment
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3.4. LINE SEGMENTS 103 © © © ©
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3.4. LINE SEGMENTS 105 factor is cl
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3.4. LINE SEGMENTS 107 Figure 3.6.
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3.5. POLYGONS 109 CULL FACE. Front
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3.5. POLYGONS 111 Polygon stippling
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3.5. POLYGONS 113 Boolean state val
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3.6. PIXEL RECTANGLES 115 Parameter
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3.6. PIXEL RECTANGLES 117 Parameter
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3.6. PIXEL RECTANGLES 119 Table Nam
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3.6. PIXEL RECTANGLES 121 RGBA, wit
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3.6. PIXEL RECTANGLES 123 Special f
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3.6. PIXEL RECTANGLES 125 void Hist
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3.6. PIXEL RECTANGLES 127 byte, sho
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3.6. PIXEL RECTANGLES 129 Format Na
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3.6. PIXEL RECTANGLES 131 SKIP_PIXE
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3.6. PIXEL RECTANGLES 133 UNSIGNED
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3.6. PIXEL RECTANGLES 135 Format Fi
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3.6. PIXEL RECTANGLES 137 Stencil i
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3.6. PIXEL RECTANGLES 139 Color Ind
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3.6. PIXEL RECTANGLES 141 Base Filt
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3.6. PIXEL RECTANGLES 143 the RGBA
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3.6. PIXEL RECTANGLES 145 POST CONV
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3.7. BITMAPS 147 group component va
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3.8. TEXTURING 149 and upper right
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3.8. TEXTURING 151 The mechanism fo
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3.8. TEXTURING 153 Base Internal Fo
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3.8. TEXTURING 155 Compressed Inter
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3.8. TEXTURING 157 two-dimensional
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3.8. TEXTURING 159 3.8.2 Alternate
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3.8. TEXTURING 161 ture array that
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3.8. TEXTURING 163 Counting from ze
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3.8. TEXTURING 165 void CompressedT
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3.8. TEXTURING 167 Name Type Legal
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3.8. TEXTURING 169 Using the sc, tc
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3.8. TEXTURING 171 mapping to frame
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3.8. TEXTURING 173 TEXTURE MIN FILT
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3.8. TEXTURING 175 Mipmapping TEXTU
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3.8. TEXTURING 177 Finally, there i
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3.8. TEXTURING 179 level of detail,
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3.8. TEXTURING 181 initial textures
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3.8. TEXTURING 183 When target is P
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3.8. TEXTURING 185 Texture Base BLE
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3.8. TEXTURING 187 SRCn RGB OPERAND
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3.8. TEXTURING 189 If the value of
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3.9. COLOR SUM 191 results of textu
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3.11. FRAGMENT SHADERS 193 a color
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3.11. FRAGMENT SHADERS 195 The GL r
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3.12. ANTIALIASING APPLICATION 197
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4.1. PER-FRAGMENT OPERATIONS 199 Fr
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4.1. PER-FRAGMENT OPERATIONS 201 do
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4.1. PER-FRAGMENT OPERATIONS 203 ma
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4.1. PER-FRAGMENT OPERATIONS 205 If
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4.1. PER-FRAGMENT OPERATIONS 207 Mo
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4.1. PER-FRAGMENT OPERATIONS 209 Bl
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4.1. PER-FRAGMENT OPERATIONS 211 Ar
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4.2. WHOLE FRAMEBUFFER OPERATIONS 2
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4.3. DRAWING, READING, AND COPYING
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Chapter 5 Special Functions This ch
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5.1. EVALUATORS 229 EvalMesh EvalPo
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5.1. EVALUATORS 231 This is done us
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5.2. SELECTION 233 EvalCoord2(p *
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5.3. FEEDBACK 235 written. The mini
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5.4. DISPLAY LISTS 237 Type coordin
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5.4. DISPLAY LISTS 239 state. When
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5.4. DISPLAY LISTS 241 the effect o
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5.6. HINTS 243 Target Hint descript
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6.1. QUERYING GL STATE 245 6.1.2 Da
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6.1. QUERYING GL STATE 247 TEXTURE
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6.1. QUERYING GL STATE 249 Base Int
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6.1. QUERYING GL STATE 251 are used
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6.1. QUERYING GL STATE 253 target m
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6.1. QUERYING GL STATE 255 of bits
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6.1. QUERYING GL STATE 257 returns
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6.1. QUERYING GL STATE 259 into sou
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6.1. QUERYING GL STATE 261 table 6.
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6.1. QUERYING GL STATE 263 Type cod
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6.2. STATE TABLES 265 Get Initial G
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6.2. STATE TABLES 267 Initial Value
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6.2. STATE TABLES 293 Minimum Value
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6.2. STATE TABLES 295 Minimum Value
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Appendix A Invariance The OpenGL sp
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A.3. INVARIANCE RULES 301 • Sciss
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Appendix B Corollaries The followin
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305 17. (No pixel dropouts or dupli
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C.2. POLYGON OFFSET 307 C.2 Polygon
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C.10. ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS 309 3. The l
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Appendix D Version 1.2 OpenGL versi
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D.7. TEXTURE LEVEL OF DETAIL CONTRO
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D.10. ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS 315 D.9.4 Pi
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D.10. ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS 317 Phil Lac
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Appendix E Version 1.2.1 OpenGL ver
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F.3. MULTISAMPLE 321 one cube face
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F.9. TRANSPOSE MATRIX 323 image, th
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F.10. ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS 325 Elio Del
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F.10. ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS 327 Tim Kell
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G.3. CHANGES TO THE IMAGING SUBSET
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G.12. TEXTURE LOD BIAS 331 Texture
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G.15. ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS 333 John Sta
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H.2. OCCLUSION QUERIES 335 H.2 Occl
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H.5. ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS 337 Paul Carm
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H.5. ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS 339 Neil Trev
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I.2. MULTIPLE RENDER TARGETS 341 I.
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I.7. ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS 343 After the
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Appendix J ARB Extensions OpenGL ex
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J.7. CUBE MAP TEXTURES 347 J.7 Cube
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J.20. WINDOW RASTER POSITION 349 J.
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J.32. MULTIPLE RENDER TARGETS 351 J
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INDEX 353 ArrayElement, 19, 27-29,
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INDEX 355 CopyConvolutionFilter2D,
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INDEX 357 FOG COORD ARRAY STRIDE, 3
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INDEX 359 Index[type]v, 27 INDEX AR
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INDEX 361 85 MAX VERTEX UNIFORM COM
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INDEX 363 POST CONVOLUTION GREEN SC
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INDEX 365 STATIC READ, 34, 35 STENC
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INDEX 367 UniformMatrix*, 343 Unifo
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