HSE: Industrial rope access - investigation into items of personal ...

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In the other main principle (Ushba Stop-Lock, SSE Stop & Go, Troll Rocker) the force is applied to the body of the device. This features a fixed smooth block that traps the rope against a second pivoting block. The upper end of the block is forced upwards by the rope attempting to straighten under load. This force is transmitted through the pivot to the lower end of the block, trapping the rope. These three devices all run fairly freely on the rope. Figure 22 Troll Rocker (left) and Ropeman from Wild Country back-up devices (latter shown with karabiner attached) The Wild Country Ropeman is different again, working on a body-loaded principle most common in Type B devices (ascenders). A sprung toothed cam contacts the rope that lies in a channel. When force is applied to the body of the device the ridged-style teeth bite into the rope, pulling the cam into the channel and trapping the rope. This device will only work when it has a karabiner attached, as the rope is trapped between the cam and the karabiner. It is worth noting that the Ropeman would not ordinarily be included in a list of back-up devices: it was added because it was found to be in use as such when the questionnaire was returned. 6.2.3 Tests The nine devices each underwent four tests, as specified in prEN 12841 (see 3.2 of this standard). • Minimum working strength (section 4.2.3 prEN 12841) Device to hold a force of 4 kN for 3 minutes. This test is designed to check that the device can comfortably exceed its safe working load without deformation or damage to the rope. The test originated in BS EN 567, an ascender standard, where 4 kN represents a force at the limit of what could be achieved in normal usage, but below the forces at which toothed cam ascenders will inevitably damage the rope. When applied to back-up devices, which are designed to slide before high forces are reached, it is less suitable. Pass/fail results related to this test may simply indicate the need for a different test. 39
In practice this type of test is useful to determine the static force at which slippage begins. The working strength tests were performed on four different ropes: Beal 'Antipodes' 10.5 mm low stretch, Edelrid 10.5 mm low stretch, Marlow 10.5 mm low stretch and Beal 'Apollo' 11 mm dynamic. Table 6 Back-up devices and forces to initiate sliding on the rope Force to slip under static load (kN) Device Rope > Beal Edelrid Marlow Dynamic Komet Stick Run 3.1 2.5 2.7 2.3 Petzl Microcender 3.5 2.2 3.2 3.4 Petzl Rescucender (>4) 6.7 (>4) (>4) Petzl Shunt 2.3 2.5 2.5 2.7 SSE Stop & Go 2.1 2.8 2.4 3.4 Tractel Stopfor D 2.5 2.2 2.7 2.5 Troll Rocker (>4) 3.4 (>4) (>4) Wild Country Ropeman No slippage: cuts sheath at approximately 4 kN The Ushba Stop-Lock was not tested: see later comment in section 6.2.4 • Dynamic performance (section 4.2.5 prEN 12841 May 2000) Peak impact force and slippage with a fall factor 2 drop with a 100 kg mass. The tests were carried out using the 'catch plate' rig at Petzl. See section 14.4.5, in the Appendix, for details. Perhaps the most relevant test, this test investigates the energy absorbing abilities of the devices in a worst-case scenario: a fall factor 2 with an inelastic lanyard. 100 kg represents the likely upper mass limit of an operative plus equipment. A large operative might also be tall and therefore require long cow’s tails. The total lanyard length was therefore simulated as being one metre including connectors: giving a factor 2 fall of 2 metres. A catch plate method was used for these tests. This eliminates an actual lanyard from having to be used and results in more consistent results. The dynamic tests were performed on four different ropes: Beal ‘Antipodes’ 10.5 mm low stretch, Edelrid 10.5 mm low-stretch, Marlow 10.5 mm low-stretch and Beal ‘Apollo’ 11 mm dynamic. Three replications were carried out on each rope type, giving twelve tests on each device. 40
Page 1 and 2: HSE Health & Safety Executive Indus
Page 3 and 4: © Crown copyright 2001 Application
Page 5 and 6: 8.6 PETZL “ABSORBICA”..........
Page 7 and 8: 1.2 AIMS, OBJECTIVES AND SCOPE 1.2.
Page 9 and 10: 1.4.3 Verification For the tests to
Page 12 and 13: 2.1 INTRODUCTION 2 ROPES Ropes are
Page 14 and 15: The ropes are all fundamentally of
Page 16 and 17: 3.1 INTRODUCTION 3 KNOTS Terminatio
Page 18 and 19: Unlike the double overhand and doub
Page 20 and 21: It is unique in that it can be easi
Page 22 and 23: On most of the tests with low-stret
Page 24 and 25: Strength kN 26 24 22 20 18 16 14 12
Page 26 and 27: 3.4.2 Bird droppings Sections of ro
Page 28 and 29: 4.1 INTRODUCTION 4 ANCHOR FORCES Th
Page 30 and 31: 4.4 WORK POSITIONING A combination
Page 32 and 33: 4.6 RIGGING The technician remained
Page 34 and 35: 5.1 INTRODUCTION 5 ROPE PROTECTORS
Page 36 and 37: 5.7 COMPRESSED AIR FLEXIBLE HOSE PI
Page 38: Another point to recognise is that
Page 41 and 42: The IRATA Guidelines state that the
Page 43: Devices certified to BS EN 567 10 (
Page 47 and 48: • Minimum static strength (sectio
Page 49 and 50: 6.2.5 Komet Stick Run Material: Ste
Page 51 and 52: 6.2.7 Petzl Rescucender Material: A
Page 53 and 54: 6.2.9 SSE Stop & Go Material: Alumi
Page 55 and 56: In the dynamic tests it did not per
Page 57 and 58: 6.2.13 Summary of test performances
Page 59 and 60: 6.3 TYPE B - ASCENDER DEVICES Figur
Page 61 and 62: 6.3.1 Camp Pilot Material: Aluminiu
Page 63 and 64: 6.3.3 Petzl Ascension Material: Alu
Page 65 and 66: 6.3.5 Kong Cam Clean Material: Alum
Page 67 and 68: 6.3.7 Summary At present, most of t
Page 69 and 70: 6.4.2 Tests All devices underwent f
Page 71 and 72: The following table summarises the
Page 73 and 74: 6.4.3 AML Material: Aluminium Weigh
Page 75 and 76: Performance in use: In use the devi
Page 77 and 78: Clockwise rotation of the handle tu
Page 79 and 80: Test performance: The static tests
Page 81 and 82: 6.4.8 Troll Allp Material: Aluminiu
Page 83 and 84: Secondly, the bolt can first be adj
Page 85 and 86: Material Dynamic rope Low stretch r
Page 88 and 89: 8.1 INTRODUCTION 8 LANYARDS (FALL A
Page 90 and 91: 8.3 BH SALA Length 2 m Principle Te
Page 92 and 93: 8.6 PETZL “ABSORBICA” Length 0.
Page 94:
Description: The Spanset lanyard co
Page 97 and 98:
9.3 BACHMANN KNOT Figure 55 Bachman
Page 99 and 100:
9.5 FRENCH PRUSIK Figure 57 French
Page 101 and 102:
9.7 PRUSIK KNOT Figure 59 Prusik kn
Page 104 and 105:
11 FUTURE WORK This study has highl
Page 106 and 107:
12 APPENDICES 101
Page 108 and 109:
12.1 APPENDIX 1 PERSONNEL INVOLVED
Page 110 and 111:
12.2 APPENDIX 2 QUESTIONNAIRE - SUM
Page 112 and 113:
12.2.3 Hardware ratings Respondents
Page 114 and 115:
12.2.5 Rope Protectors Table 14 Que
Page 116 and 117:
12.3 APPENDIX 3 ROPE ABRASION Table
Page 118 and 119:
12.4 APPENDIX 4 TEST MACHINES, LOCA
Page 120 and 121:
12.4.4 Rope protectors cycling a lo
Page 122 and 123:
Method for minimum static strength
Page 124 and 125:
12.4.7 Lanyards • Static tests Te
Page 126 and 127:
12.5 APPENDIX 5 ABRASION TESTS: REC
Page 128 and 129:
I. Concrete edge, Lyon canvas prote
Page 130 and 131:
N. Steel edge, PVC “rope bag” (
Page 132 and 133:
T. Paving slab, roll module Start 1
Page 134 and 135:
12.6 APPENDIX 6 KNOTS - STRENGTH TE
Page 136 and 137:
Knot Table 21 Marlow 10.5mm rope (l
Page 138 and 139:
12.7 APPENDIX 7 LANYARDS - STATIC T
Page 140 and 141:
12.8 APPENDIX 8 TYPE A BACK-UP DEVI
Page 142 and 143:
12.9 APPENDIX 9 TYPE A BACK-UP DEVI
Page 144 and 145:
Device & rope type Rope brand SSE S
Page 146 and 147:
12.10 APPENDIX 10 TYPE A BACK-UP DE
Page 148 and 149:
12.11 APPENDIX 11 TYPE B DEVICES -
Page 150 and 151:
Page 152 and 153:
Page 154 and 155:
12.14 APPENDIX 14 TYPE C DEVICES- D
Page 156 and 157:
12.15 APPENDIX 15 TYPE C DEVICES -
Page 158 and 159:
12.16 APPENDIX 16 TYPE C DEVICES -
Page 160 and 161:
12.17 APPENDIX 17 LANYARD - DYNAMIC
Page 162 and 163:
12.18 APPENDIX 18 PRUSIK KNOTS Bach
Page 164 and 165:
French prusik Main rope Brand type
Page 166:
CRR 364 ISBN 0-7176-2091-3 £20.00
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