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Méthode de marquage

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<strong>Métho<strong>de</strong></strong>s <strong>de</strong> <strong>marquage</strong> <strong>de</strong> tortues marines<br />

Année 2011


Pourquoi baguer les tortues?<br />

Le <strong>marquage</strong> fournit <strong>de</strong>s informations<br />

sur les divers aspects biologiques <strong>de</strong>s<br />

tortues (reproduction, croissance, taille<br />

<strong>de</strong>s populations et migration)


Différentes techniques <strong>de</strong><br />

<strong>marquage</strong><br />

Avantages et inconvénients


Pose <strong>de</strong> bagues<br />

- Technique la plus utilisée car la<br />

moins onéreuse<br />

- Existence <strong>de</strong> # types <strong>de</strong> bagues<br />

(plastique, métal)


Modèle en métal<br />

- modèle américain dit « monel »<br />

- modèle australien en titanium


Figure 1. Size and shape of Monel tag style 1005-49 and Inconel style 1005-681, manufactured by<br />

National Band and Tag Company (http://www.nationalband.com/nbtear.htm). Tag card photo courtesy<br />

NMFS-SEFSC.


Modèle en plastique<br />

facile à poser<br />

mais<br />

s’accroche facilement dans<br />

tous les obstacles<br />

lecture <strong>de</strong>s bagues rendue<br />

difficile par les algues qui se<br />

développent


Modèle en plastique<br />

Figure 2. Size and shape of plastic “Jumbo” Rototags and their placement on (a) an adult female loggerhead<br />

(Photo: Scott Eckert/ WIDECAST) and (b) a juvenile green turtle (Photo: Bermuda Turtle Project).


Inscription sur la bague<br />

Figure 3. Enlarged view of the dorsal (alphanumeric) and ventral (return address) faces of an Inconel<br />

1005-681 tag available from the Marine Turtle Tagging Centre (MTTC). Photo: Stacy Kubis/ WIDECAST.


Tronspon<strong>de</strong>ur ou <strong>marquage</strong> PIT<br />

Avantages<br />

- application simple<br />

- durée <strong>de</strong> vie non limitée<br />

- pas <strong>de</strong> symptôme <strong>de</strong> rejet<br />

- <strong>marquage</strong> international


Inconvénients<br />

- coût élevé<br />

- besoin d’un lecteur<br />

- incompatibilité <strong>de</strong>s systèmes<br />

existants<br />

- non lecture possible par tout<br />

public<br />

- possibilité <strong>de</strong> migration dans les<br />

tissus


Pose <strong>de</strong> transpon<strong>de</strong>ur<br />

Figure 10. Inserting a PIT tag into the front flipper of a juvenile sea turtle, showing both (a) ventral and (b)<br />

dorsal insertion points. Note the angle of the applicator to ensure that the tag is inserted just beneath the<br />

skin, not too <strong>de</strong>ep into the flipper. Note, as well, that taggers should be wearing gloves! Photos: (a)<br />

Bermuda Turtle Project; (b) Jeanette Wyneken/ Florida Atlantic University.


Lecteur <strong>de</strong> PIT<br />

Figure 9. Several brands, including the (a) AVID rea<strong>de</strong>r (http://www.ezidavid. com/avid_technology.htm)<br />

and (b) Destron Pocket Rea<strong>de</strong>r (Photo: NOAA/NMFS/SEFSC), utilise “multi-mo<strong>de</strong> technology” that<br />

enables them to read ID co<strong>de</strong>d <strong>de</strong>vices from various manufacturers.


Pose <strong>de</strong> PIT dans la nageoire<br />

arrière<br />

Figure 13. Inserting a PIT tag into the rear flipper of an adult green turtle. Note the angle of the applicator<br />

to ensure that the tag is inserted just beneath the skin, not <strong>de</strong>ep into the flipper. Photo: George Balazs/<br />

NOAA Hawai’i.


« Living tag »<br />

Figure 15. A green turtle with a living tag. On the plastron the tag appears as a dark spot (or streak) and<br />

on the carapace, as a light spot (or streak). Photos: Julia Horrocks/BSTP.


Où baguer ?


Figure 6. Metal flipper tag placed adjacent to the first large scale in the rear flipper of a green turtle.<br />

Source: Balazs (1999).


Les pinces<br />

Figure 8. A Monel 1005-49 style metal flipper tag correctly loa<strong>de</strong>d (left) and cinched (right) in the application<br />

pliers. ALWAYS align the base plate of the tag flat against the pliers. Note the tine bent over and<br />

completely through the stirrup. Source: http://www.nationalband.com/nbt.pdf


Pose d’émetteur satellite


En bref<br />

…<br />

- baguer chaque nageoire avant<br />

- si la tortue est déjà baguée,<br />

noter les références et envoyer un<br />

message à l’adresse indiquée


- si la tortue ne possè<strong>de</strong> qu’une<br />

bague, la noter et baguer l’autre<br />

nageoire<br />

- toujours examiner les 4<br />

nageoires avant <strong>de</strong> baguer la<br />

tortue<br />

- laisser un espace entre le bord<br />

<strong>de</strong> la nageoire et le côté incurvé<br />

<strong>de</strong> la bague


Quand doit-on rebaguer?<br />

- quand la bague est abîmée<br />

- quand la bague engendre une<br />

blessure<br />

- quand la bague est illisible


Attention<br />

- D’abord rebaguer avant<br />

d’enlever l’autre bague abîmée<br />

- Enregistrer le n° <strong>de</strong> bague et la<br />

retourner à l’adresse indiquée en<br />

indiquant les raisons


A quel moment du cycle <strong>de</strong><br />

reproduction?


Une fois que la tortue est en train<br />

<strong>de</strong> pondre

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