silabus-amatir-radio.. - Index of

Sylabus Amatir Radio
Peraturan radio
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Peraturan
lingkungan regulasi, PP, UU, KEPMEN
G1A ­ General class control operator frequency privileges; primary and secondary allocations
G1B ­ Antenna structure limitations; good engineering and good amateur practice; beacon operation; rest
G1C ­ Transmitter power regulations; HF data emission standards
G1E ­ Control categories; repeater regulations; harmful interference; third party rules; ITU regions
ijin amatir radio
biaya / fee
callsign
batasan power / daya pancar
batasan 3
G2C ­ Emergencies, including drills and emergency communications
T1A ­ Amateur Radio services; purpose of the amateur service, amateur­satellite service, operator/primary
T1B ­ Authorized frequencies; frequency allocations, ITU regions, emission type, restricted sub­bands, spec
T1C ­ Operator classes and station call signs; operator classes, sequential, special event, and vanity call sig
T1D ­ Authorized and prohibited transmissions
T1E ­ Control operator and control types; control operator required, eligibility, designation of control oper
chipher & secret code
T1F ­ Station identification and operation standards; special operations for repeaters and auxiliary stations
E1A Operating Standards: frequency privileges for Extra Class amateurs; emission standards; automatic m
E1B Station restrictions and special operations: restrictions on station location; general operating restrictio
E1C Station control: definitions and restrictions pertaining to local, automatic and remote control operatio
E1E Volunteer examiner program: definitions, qualifications, preparation and administration of exams; acc
E1F Miscellaneous rules: external RF power amplifiers; Line A; national quiet zone; business communicati
rd party traffic
E1D Amateur Satellite service: definitions and purpose; license requirements for space stations; available f
Frekuensi
Frekuensi & band untuk amatir radio
band plan
sharing band
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Teknik Operasi Stasiun Amatir Radio
Prosedur Operasi
Prosedur & konvensi standard untuk memanggil, menjawab dan berbicara.
Memulai dan memutuskan hubungan / kontak.
Teknik Pertukaran callsign.
G2A Phone operating procedures; USB/LSB utilization conventions; procedural signals; breaking into a QS
G2B ­ Operating courtesy; band plans
G2D ­ Amateur auxiliary; minimizing Interference; HF operations
G2E ­ Digital operating: procedures, procedural signals and common abbreviations
G2F ­ CW operating procedures and procedural signals, Q signals and common abbreviations; full break in
Pengetahuan Praktis Operasi
Mengetahui terminologi yang biasa digunakan, seperti, pile­up, split, contest, fox hunting.
Prosedur repeater, standard split frekuensi repeater.
Pengoperasian kontrol standard di transmitter / receiver.
T2A ­ Station operation; choosing an operating frequency, calling another station, test transmissions, use o
T2B – VHF/UHF operating practices; SSB phone, FM repeater, simplex, frequency offsets, splits and shifts,
T2C –Public service; emergency and non­emergency operations, message traffic handling
E2A Amateur radio in space: amateur satellites; orbital mechanics; frequencies and modes; satellite hardw
E2B Television practices: fast scan television standards and techniques; slow scan television standards and
E2C Operating methods, part 1: contest and DX operating; spread­spectrum transmissions; automatic HF f
E2D Operating methods, part 2: VHF and UHF digital modes; packet clusters; Automatic Position Reportin
E2E Operating methods, part 3: operating HF digital modes; error correction
Kode Q
Kode Q yang banyak digunakan di komunikasi amatir radio.
Teknik Radio
Dasar Teori Elektronika
Dasar Elektronika
Atom dan partikel sub­atomik, elektron, ion.
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Insulator, konduktur dan semikonduktor.
Medan yang dihasilkan oleh arus dan magnet.
Tipe batere.
T5A ­ Electrical principles; current and voltage, conductors and insulators, alternating and direct current
E5A Resonance and Q: characteristics of resonant circuits: series and parallel resonance; Q; half­power ba
E5B Time constants and phase relationships: R/L/C time constants: definition; time constants in RL and R
E5C Impedance plots and coordinate systems: plotting impedances in polar coordinates; rectangular coord
E5D AC and RF energy in real circuits: skin effect; electrostatic and electromagnetic fields; reactive power
Unit Ukuran
Unit dari tegangan, arus, tahanan, impendasi, daya.
Hukum Ohm
Perhitungan melibatkan tegangan, arus, tahanan (menggunakan satu tahanan).
T5D – Ohm’s Law
Tahanan / Resistansi
G6A ­ Resistors; capacitors; inductors
Nilai dari tahanan di seri atau paralel (menggunakan dua atau lebih tahanan).
Perhitungan melibatkan tahanan kombinasi, tegangan, arus.
Tahanan dalam dari batere.
G5C – Resistors, capacitors, and inductors in series and parallel; transformers
Perhitungan Daya / Power
Perhitungan daya jika di ketahui dua (2) dari tegangan, arus atau tahanan.
Daya di tahanan jika di sambungkan secara seri atau paralel.
Arus Bolak Balik
Frekuensi, bentuk gelombang dan unit.
Bentuk gelombang, RMS, nilai peak (puncak).
T5C ­ Electronic principles; capacitance, inductance, current flow in circuits, alternating current, definition
Kapasitor, Induktif dan Resistor
G5A ­ Resistance; reactance; inductance; capacitance; impedance; impedance matching
Varisasi dari kapasitansi dengan besarnya plat, spasi.
Dielektrik.
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Variasi dari induktansi dengan diameter, panjang, banyaknya lilitan.
C dan L di seri dan paralel.
Variasi Reaktansi dari C, L, dengan frekuensi.
Impedansi.
Induktor Toroid.
Trafo, perbandingan lilitan, transformasi tegangan.
Resonansi L dan C di seri dan paralel.
Nilai Q.
Keamanan / Safety
Prosedur dasar untuk mengangkat seseorang dari tegangan listrik yang hidup.
Cara kerja sekering, isolating transformer, RCD (Residual Current Device).
Grounding.
G0B ­ Safety in the ham shack: electrical shock and treatment, grounding, fusing, interlocks, wiring, anten
G0A ­ RF safety principles, rules and guidelines; routine station evaluation
Guna dari kabel ground, bagaimana cara menyambungkannya.
T0A – AC power circuits; hazardous voltages, fuses and circuit breakers, grounding, lightning protection, b
T0B – Antenna installation; tower safety, overhead power lines
T0C ­ RF hazards; radiation exposure, proximity to antennas, recognized safe power levels, exposure to ot
E0A Safety: amateur radio safety practices; RF radiation hazards; hazardous materials
Semikonduktor
Sifat dasar dari material semikonduktor.
Sifat dasar dan penggunaan dioda, dioda zener, transistor.
T6B – Semiconductors; basic principles of diodes and transistors
Pengenalan Divais
G6B ­ Rectifiers; solid state diodes and transistors; solar cells; vacuum tubes; batteries
G6C ­ Analog and digital integrated circuits (IC’s); microprocessors; memory; I/O devices; microwave IC’s
G7A ­ Power supplies; transmitters and receivers; filters; schematic symbols
Pengenalan nama elektroda dari transistor bi­polar, FET, tabung, dari diagram.
T6A ­ Electrical components; fixed and variable resistors, capacitors, and inductors; fuses, switches, batter
T6D ­ Component functions
E6A Semiconductor materials and devices: semiconductor materials (germanium, silicon, P­type, N­type);
E6B Semiconductor diodes
E6C Integrated circuits: TTL digital integrated circuits; CMOS digital integrated circuits; gates
E6D Optical devices and toroids: vidicon and cathode­ray tube devices; charge­coupled devices (CCDs); liq
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E6E Piezoelectric crystals and MMICS: quartz crystals (as used in oscillators and filters); monolithic amplif
E6F Optical components and power systems: photoconductive principles and effects, photovoltaic systems
Alat Ukur dan Pengukuran
Fungsi dasar dari voltmeter, ammeter, SWR, bridge, power meter.
Impedansi dari peralatan ini di rangkaian.
Bagaimana cara peralatan di sambungkan.
Nilai peak dan RMS.
T7D – Basic repair and testing; soldering, use of a voltmeter, ammeter, and ohmmeter
E4A Test equipment: analog and digital instruments; spectrum and network analyzers, antenna analyzers;
E4B Measurement technique and limitations: instrument accuracy and performance limitations; probes; te
E4C Receiver performance characteristics, part 1: phase noise, capture effect, noise floor, image rejection,
E4D Receiver performance characteristics, part 2: blocking dynamic range, intermodulation and cross­mod
E4E Noise suppression: system noise; electrical appliance noise; line noise; locating noise sources; DSP no
Decibel, Amplifikasi dan Attenuasi
Perbandingan daya, tegangan dan arus dalam dB.
Gain / penguatan dalam dB untuk sistem yang saling tersambung.
G5B ­ The Decibel; current and voltage dividers; electrical power calculations; sine wave root­mean­square
T5B ­ Math for electronics; decibels, electronic units and the metric system
Stasiun Amatir Radio
Rangkaian Elektronika
G7B ­ Digital circuits (gates, flip­flops, shift registers); amplifiers and oscillators
T6C ­ Circuit diagrams; schematic symbols
E7 Digital circuits: digital circuit principles and logic circuits: classes of logic elements; positive and negati
E7B Amplifiers: Class of operation; vacuum tube and solid­state circuits; distortion and intermodulation; s
E7C Filters and matching networks: filters and impedance matching networks: types of networks; types of
E7D Power supplies and voltage regulators
E7E Modulation and demodulation: reactance, phase and balanced modulators; detectors; mixer stages; D
E7F Frequency markers and counters: frequency divider circuits; frequency marker generators; frequency c
E7G Active filters and op­amps: active audio filters; characteristics; basic circuit design; operational amplif
E7H Oscillators and signal sources: types of oscillators;
synthesizers and phase­locked loops; direct digital synthesizers
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Sinyal dan Emisi
G8A ­ Carriers and modulation: AM; FM; single and double sideband ; modulation envelope; deviation; ov
G8B ­ Frequency mixing; multiplication; HF data communications; bandwidths of various modes
T8A – Modulation modes; bandwidth of various signals
T8B ­ Amateur satellite operation; Doppler shift, basic orbits, operating protocols
T8C – Operating activities; radio direction finding, radio control, contests, special event stations, basic link
T8D – Non­voice communications; image data, digital modes, CW, packet, PSK31
E8A AC waveforms: sine, square, sawtooth and irregular waveforms; AC measurements; average and PEP
E8B Modulation and demodulation: modulation methods; modulation index and deviation ratio; pulse mo
E8C Digital signals: digital communications modes; CW; information rate vs. bandwidth; spread­spectrum
E8D Waves, measurements, and RF grounding: peak­to­peak values, polarization; RF grounding
Arrangement Stasiun HF
Mengerti blok diagam dari stasiun HF biasa.
Bagaimana menyambungkan transceiver ke linear amplifier.
Low pass filter.
SWR, Antenna Switch, Antenna Tuner, Dummy Load dan antenna.
Fungsi dasar dari masing­masing blok.
G4A ­ Two­tone Test; amplifier tuning and neutralization; DSP
G4B ­ Test and monitoring equipment
G4C ­ Interference with consumer electronics; grounding
G4D ­ Speech processors; S meters; common connectors
G4E ­ HF mobile radio installations; emergency and battery powered operation
T4A – Station setup; microphone, speaker, headphones, filters, power source, connecting a computer, RF g
T4B ­ Operating controls; tuning, use of filters, squelch, AGC, repeater offset, memory channels
T7A ­ Station radios; receivers, transmitters, transceivers
T7B – Common transmitter and receiver problems; symptoms of overload and overdrive, distortion, interfe
Radio Penerima
Blok Diagram Penerima
Blok Diagram penerima SSB, CW, dan FM.
Mengerti fungsi dari masing­masing blok.
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Cara Kerja Penerima
Sensitifitas, Selektifitas, Receiver Noise.
Teknik operasi dari superheterodyne, RF amplifier, IF amplifier, mixer, translator frekuensi, sinyal bayang
Radio Pemancar
Blok Diagram Pemancar
Blok diagram pemancar SSB, CW, dan FM.
Mengerti fungsi masing­masing blok.
Karakteristik sinyal yang di hasilkan.
Amplifier Linier dan Non­linier.
Teori Pemancar
Arti dari “SSB”, “CW”, “FM”.
Karakteristik dari sinyal SSB, CW dan FM.
Penyebab distrorsi.
Distribusi daya di pemancar.
Harmonik dan Parasitik
Frekuensi harmonik.
Penyebab harmonik dan parasitik di pemancar.
Teknik filter untuk mengurangi harmonik dan parasitik.
Catu Daya
Catu Daya
Batere.
Catu daya DC.
Guna dari dioda, kapasitor, trafo.
Penyearah gelombang penuh dan setengah gelombang.
Ripple.
Frekuensi.
Regulated Power Supply.
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Pengaturan dari trafo, penyearah, filter, regulator.
Mengetahui fungsi dasar dari masing­masing blok.
Guna sekering.
Cara operasi switched mode power supply, kelebihan dan kekurangannya.
Dari Pemancar Ke Penerima
Saluran Transmisi
pembuatan saluran transmisi coaxial
pembuatan saluran transmisi twin­lead
saluran balanced dan unbalanced
loss di saluran
standing wave, SWR
Antenna
panjang dipole, vertikal di berbagai frekuensi
G9B ­ Basic antennas
G9C ­ Directional antennas
G9D ­ Specialized antennas
impedansi, posisi feedpoint
matching
antenna bandwidth
elemen dari antenna yagi, arah radiasi
medan E dan H sekitar antenna
polarisasi
tuning antenna menggunakan induktasi
balun
G9A ­ Antenna feedlines: characteristic impedance, and attenuation; SWR calculation, measurement and e
dummy antenna
isotropic antenna
T7C – Antenna measurements and troubleshooting; measuring SWR, dummy loads, feedline failure modes
T9A – Antennas; vertical and horizontal, concept of gain, common portable and mobile antennas, relation
T9B ­ Feedlines; types, losses vs. frequency, SWR concepts, matching, weather protection, connectors
E9A Isotropic and gain antennas: definition; used as a standard for comparison; radiation pattern; basic an
E9B Antenna patterns: E and H plane patterns; gain as a function of pattern; antenna design (computer m
E9C Wire and phased vertical antennas: beverage antennas; terminated and resonant rhombic antennas; e
E9D Directional antennas: gain; satellite antennas; antenna beamwidth; losses; SWR bandwidth; antenna
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E9E Matching: matching antennas to feed lines; power dividers
E9F Transmission lines: characteristics of open and shorted feed lines: 1/8 wavelength; 1/4 wavelength; 1
E9G The Smith chart
Propagasi
E3A Propagation and technique, part 1: Earth­Moon­Earth communications; meteor scatter
E3B Propagation and technique, part 2: transequatorial; long path; gray line; multi­path propagation
E3C Propagation and technique, part 3: Auroral propagation; selective fading; radio­path horizon; take­off
fenomena dasar propagasi di HF, VHF dan UHF
lapisan yang merefleksikan sinyal
serapan di lapisan D
daerah skip, hop, MUF, LUF, OWF
solar cycle
skywave, ground wave
sporadic E
great circle path, sudut radiasi, fading
doppler karena pergerakan satelit
G3A ­ Sunspots and solar radiation; ionospheric disturbances; propagation forecasting and indices
G3B ­ Maximum Usable Frequency; Lowest Usable Frequency; propagation "hops"
G3C ­ Ionospheric layers; critical angle and frequency; HF scatter; Near Vertical Incidence Sky waves
T3A ­ Radio wave characteristics; how a radio signal travels; distinctions of HF, VHF and UHF; fading, mu
T3B ­ Radio and electromagnetic wave properties; the electromagnetic spectrum, wavelength vs. frequency
T3C ­ Propagation modes; line of sight, sporadic E, meteor, aurora scatter, tropospheric ducting, F layer sk
Interferensi
Penyebab dan teknik mengatasi key­click
Penyebab dan teknik mengatasi cross modulasi
harmonik yang tidak di inginkan
definisi low­pass, band­pass, band­reject, notch, dan high­pass filter
Teknik Komunikasi Digital
Dasar komunikasi digital
Nama dari mode digital yang sering digunakan
Prinsip dari system BBS
Modem, TNC
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