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Ed. 2, 07/03/2011 - Music - National University of Ireland, Maynooth

Ed. 2, 07/03/2011 - Music - National University of Ireland, Maynooth

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? Timbre<br />

NUI <strong>Maynooth</strong> <strong>Music</strong> Department Newsletter<br />

NUI <strong>Maynooth</strong><br />

Ollscoil na hÉireann, Má Nuad<br />

This Month’s Concerts and Future<br />

Conferences for your Diary:<br />

10 March 13:10-13:50 Riverstown Hall<br />

MA Recitalists: Fiona Hickey, Niall Kinsella<br />

24 March 13:10-13:50 Riverstown Hall<br />

MA Recitalists: Jia Lai Lu, Aileen Deely<br />

31 March 13:10-13:50 Aula Maxima<br />

Ladies’ Choir<br />

Director: David Connolly<br />

27 March 16:00 College Chapel<br />

Johann Sebastian Bach: St John Passion<br />

NUI <strong>Maynooth</strong> Choral Society<br />

with the Dublin Baroque Players<br />

Director: Dr John O’Keeffe<br />

Tickets will be available from the <strong>Music</strong><br />

Department<br />

from 28 February €20/€15<br />

6-8 May <strong>2011</strong><br />

Linux Audio Conference<br />

The Open Source <strong>Music</strong> and Sound Conference<br />

http://lac.linuxaudio.org/<strong>2011</strong>/<br />

21-23 October <strong>2011</strong><br />

Thanatos as Muse?:<br />

Schubert and Concepts <strong>of</strong> Late Style<br />

NUI <strong>Maynooth</strong> in association with UCD School<br />

<strong>of</strong> <strong>Music</strong> and under the auspices <strong>of</strong> the Society<br />

for <strong>Music</strong>ology in <strong>Ireland</strong>.<br />

For further information see:<br />

http://music.nuim.ie/newsevents/<br />

schubertandconcepts<strong>of</strong>latestyle<br />

20-22 April 2012<br />

<strong>Music</strong> in Goethe’s Faust:<br />

Goethe’s Faust in <strong>Music</strong><br />

<strong>Music</strong> Department and School <strong>of</strong> Modern<br />

Languages, Literatures and Culture, NUIM.<br />

For further information see:<br />

http://music.nuim.ie/newsevents/conferences/<br />

goethesfaustinmusic<br />

For details on other events (including the Friday<br />

Research Seminars), programmes and tickets<br />

please visit our website:<br />

http://music.nuim.ie/events<br />

Welcome to the Second <strong>Ed</strong>ition <strong>of</strong> Timbre<br />

Within this newsletter you will find a variety<br />

<strong>of</strong> articles. This variety reflects some <strong>of</strong><br />

the diverse activities and issues currently<br />

engaging <strong>Music</strong> Department staff and<br />

students. As promised in the first edition,<br />

Pr<strong>of</strong>essor Barra Boydell (who retired in the<br />

autumn <strong>of</strong> 2010) has written about his time<br />

here in NUI <strong>Maynooth</strong> from his new home in<br />

Australia. He describes the evolution <strong>of</strong> the<br />

<strong>Music</strong> Department to its present-day status and<br />

his own role in that process. The Department<br />

benefited greatly from his work over many<br />

years and I am delighted that he has provided<br />

this eloquent summary for Timbre readers.<br />

His recollection <strong>of</strong> significant landmarks<br />

during his time in post is a heartwarming<br />

reflection <strong>of</strong> the special qualities <strong>of</strong> this<br />

<strong>University</strong>: it will be <strong>of</strong> interest to anyone<br />

who is connected with our work. In this<br />

second edition we have also included articles<br />

on the interests and outputs <strong>of</strong> academic staff.<br />

These include the synergies that Dr Alison<br />

Hood finds between teaching, performance<br />

and research; the interdisciplinary projects<br />

undertaken by Dr Gordon Delap; the research<br />

worlds <strong>of</strong> Monteverdi and Chopin explored<br />

by Dr Antonio Cascelli; and the importance<br />

<strong>of</strong> eclectic listening habits to Dr Martin<br />

O’Leary in his work as a composer. One <strong>of</strong><br />

our PhD students, Piaras Hoban, reflects on<br />

aspects <strong>of</strong> the challenges facing composers<br />

and commissioners. Finally our editor, Dr<br />

Ronneau, concludes Timbre with his new<br />

column ‘<strong>Ed</strong>itor’s Notes’.<br />

This semester the <strong>Music</strong> Department is<br />

hosting an extensive and stimulating range<br />

<strong>of</strong> concerts, seminars, conferences and study<br />

days. I hope you will participate in these in<br />

some way, whether as performer, speaker or<br />

audience member!<br />

Pr<strong>of</strong>essor Fiona M. Palmer<br />

Head <strong>of</strong> Department<br />

edition 2 march <strong>2011</strong><br />

Pr<strong>of</strong>essor Barra Boydell writes from<br />

Australia<br />

When I retired from the <strong>Music</strong> Department<br />

at the end <strong>of</strong> September 2010 I was leaving<br />

more than just an academic department<br />

in which I had served as Lecturer, Senior<br />

Lecturer and Pr<strong>of</strong>essor for a quarter <strong>of</strong> a<br />

century: I was leaving what had, over the<br />

period <strong>of</strong> my association with the <strong>Music</strong>


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timbre music department nui maynooth<br />

Department, become the largest and most<br />

dynamic in the country. Initially I was invited<br />

in 1985 by Pr<strong>of</strong>essor Gerard Gillen (who had<br />

been appointed Pr<strong>of</strong>essor <strong>of</strong> <strong>Music</strong> in that year)<br />

to give lectures on the history <strong>of</strong> music as a parttime<br />

lecturer; I became a full-time member <strong>of</strong> the<br />

music staff in 1990. Looking back to 1985 from<br />

today’s perspective, it is difficult to imagine<br />

quite what a small department it then was –<br />

indeed, what a small university <strong>Maynooth</strong> itself<br />

was: the <strong>Music</strong> Department comprised two fulltime<br />

staff members (Pr<strong>of</strong>essor Gillen and Dr<br />

Patrick Devine), it was housed in what are now<br />

the single-storey administrative <strong>of</strong>fices behind<br />

Riverstown Hall, and the total number <strong>of</strong> music<br />

students was not much more than forty. <strong>Music</strong><br />

was only taught at undergraduate level as part<br />

<strong>of</strong> the BA programme (the BA (<strong>Music</strong>)/BMus<br />

came later, and the BA in <strong>Music</strong> Technology<br />

more recently) and there were no postgraduate<br />

students (the MA in Performance started a<br />

few years later, and the MA in <strong>Music</strong>ology<br />

with which I was particularly involved - then<br />

known as the MA in Historical Studies – in the<br />

early 1990s). Perhaps more significantly when<br />

I consider NUI <strong>Maynooth</strong>’s leading position<br />

within the Irish musicological community today<br />

(and the welcome establishment last semester<br />

<strong>of</strong> the university’s own <strong>Music</strong>ology Society)<br />

the term ‘musicology’ was still almost unknown<br />

in <strong>Ireland</strong> at that time (although, coincidentally,<br />

1985 was the year in which Joseph Kerman’s<br />

ground-breaking book <strong>Music</strong>ology was<br />

published). Back then few would have imagined<br />

how the Department would stand twenty-five<br />

years later, with over 300 undergraduate music<br />

students and over fifty postgraduates, including<br />

upwards <strong>of</strong> twenty PhD students.<br />

When I attended conferences overseas in<br />

the early 1990s and people asked me where<br />

I worked, the answer ‘<strong>Maynooth</strong>’, or even<br />

‘the <strong>National</strong> <strong>University</strong> <strong>of</strong> <strong>Ireland</strong>’ (<strong>of</strong> which<br />

<strong>Maynooth</strong> at the time was merely a ‘recognised<br />

college’ rather than an integral university as<br />

it became in 1997), was greeted at best with<br />

politely blank expressions. That all changed in<br />

1995 when, in association with the School <strong>of</strong><br />

<strong>Music</strong> in UCD, we hosted what was the largest<br />

musicological conference held in Europe that<br />

year, the <strong>Maynooth</strong> International <strong>Music</strong>ology<br />

Conference. For three or four miraculously<br />

warm and sunny days in September the<br />

international musicological community<br />

converged on our department (by then we had<br />

moved to our present location in Logic House),<br />

and Joseph Kerman (then at the height <strong>of</strong> his<br />

international fame) came to give the keynote<br />

address. From that date onwards, whenever<br />

I was asked that same question overseas<br />

about where I was from, ‘<strong>Maynooth</strong>’ was<br />

immediately recognised and celebrated. We,<br />

and indeed musicology in <strong>Ireland</strong>, had come<br />

<strong>of</strong> age. The <strong>Music</strong> Department has since then<br />

hosted numerous musicology conferences, both<br />

national and international. The development <strong>of</strong><br />

the Department, under Pr<strong>of</strong>essor Gillen and<br />

since 20<strong>07</strong> under Pr<strong>of</strong>essor Fiona Palmer, has<br />

been truly exceptional, and I feel honoured<br />

to have been part <strong>of</strong>, and to have been able to<br />

contribute to that development.<br />

So, when I took my leave at the end <strong>of</strong> September<br />

last I was leaving a true community <strong>of</strong> friends<br />

and colleagues, <strong>of</strong> students present and past,<br />

undergraduate and postgraduate, who have<br />

enriched my life and from whom I have learned<br />

so much. It has been truly heartening to observe<br />

and, I hope, to play some part in encouraging<br />

individual students develop over their academic<br />

careers. Some went on to complete an MA and<br />

even an MLitt or PhD, in the process teaching<br />

me so much, enriching my life with their<br />

knowledge and enthusiasm, and helping in our<br />

common aim to further a love and understanding<br />

<strong>of</strong> music and, in particular, <strong>of</strong> the varied and<br />

intriguing history <strong>of</strong> music in <strong>Ireland</strong>, which<br />

has been my special interest. However difficult<br />

the challenges presently facing the country, and<br />

indeed third-level education in all its aspects, I<br />

know that the wonderful staff and enthusiastic<br />

students will ensure that the <strong>Music</strong> Department<br />

continues to go from strength to strength. I have<br />

said ‘farewell’ to a community <strong>of</strong> friends and<br />

colleagues, to whom I wish every opportunity<br />

and success.<br />

Barra Boydell<br />

Spotlighting Dr Alison Hood:<br />

My research lies predominantly in the area<br />

<strong>of</strong> analysis and performance, particularly in<br />

piano music from the nineteenth century, as<br />

well as in the area <strong>of</strong> effective music pedagogy.<br />

My PhD (TCD), entitled ‘Chopin’s Strategic<br />

Integration <strong>of</strong> Rhythm and Pitch: a Schenkerian<br />

Perspective’, focuses on how music analysis<br />

can be used to illuminate performance issues<br />

in Chopin’s piano music. It not only provides<br />

interesting information about specific pieces,<br />

but also presents a model <strong>of</strong> how to synthesise


timbre music department<br />

Performance:<br />

nui maynooth<br />

recent analytical methods in a productive<br />

way—one that raises questions <strong>of</strong> real interest<br />

to scholars and performers. I have presented my<br />

research findings in lecture-recital and paperpresentation<br />

formats in the United States <strong>of</strong><br />

America and in Europe. I have been particularly<br />

honoured to have performed and presented<br />

various papers in Warsaw for the Fryderyk<br />

Chopin Institute at their academic conferences<br />

in 2005 and 2006 and, more recently, for the<br />

3rd International Chopin Congress in 2010.<br />

I am a member <strong>of</strong> the Royal <strong>Music</strong>al Association,<br />

and THEME (a music theory network based in<br />

Oregon, USA), and was elected a member <strong>of</strong><br />

the Council <strong>of</strong> the Society for <strong>Music</strong>ology in<br />

<strong>Ireland</strong> in 2009. Membership <strong>of</strong> such societies<br />

is an invaluable way to keep informed on<br />

current developments in music scholarship and<br />

education and I would strongly encourage all<br />

interested students to join the SMI.<br />

One <strong>of</strong> my secondary research areas concerns<br />

research into teaching and learning, which is<br />

outlined in more detail below.<br />

Publications:<br />

My publications include the following chapter<br />

contributions to edited books: ‘Structural<br />

Coupling in the Coda <strong>of</strong> Chopin’s Barcarolle’,<br />

in Artur Szklener (ed.), Chopin 1810–2010:<br />

Ideas—Interpretations—Influence (Warsaw,<br />

forthcoming); ‘Intraopus Connections in<br />

Chopin’s Nocturnes Opus 27’, in Artur Szklener<br />

(ed.), The Sources <strong>of</strong> Chopin’s Creative Style:<br />

Inspirations and Contexts (Warsaw, 2010);<br />

and ‘Tonal and Rhythmic Hidden Repetition<br />

in Chopin’s Prelude Opus 28 No. 14’, in Artur<br />

Szklener (ed.), Chopin in Paris: The 1830’s<br />

(Warsaw, 20<strong>07</strong>).<br />

Recent articles I have published include<br />

‘Objectifs et réalisation compositionnels dans<br />

la Barcarolle de Chopin: une forte cohérence<br />

structurelle et un défi pour l’interprétation’,<br />

in Analyse <strong>Music</strong>ale (Paris, 2010), ‘Engaging<br />

Students in the Assessment Process in Large<br />

Groups’ in Large Group Teaching-the Local<br />

Context (Centre for Teaching and Learning, NUI<br />

<strong>Maynooth</strong>, <strong>2011</strong>), and various contributions to<br />

the forthcoming Encyclopaedia <strong>of</strong> <strong>Music</strong> in<br />

<strong>Ireland</strong>.<br />

I am a pianist and cellist engaged in both<br />

classical and popular performing and recording.<br />

As a cellist, I have worked with many wellknown<br />

recording artists in solo and group<br />

studio recordings, and in television and concert<br />

hall appearances. I am a founder member <strong>of</strong> the<br />

Elgin String Quartet and Ensemble <strong>Maynooth</strong><br />

and maintain an active interest in chamber<br />

music. I have performed as a soloist in the<br />

piano concertos <strong>of</strong> Grieg and Beethoven and<br />

have given solo piano recitals to audiences<br />

throughout Europe and in the United States <strong>of</strong><br />

America. I hold a Licentiate <strong>of</strong> the Guildhall<br />

School <strong>of</strong> <strong>Music</strong> & Drama—Pian<strong>of</strong>orte<br />

(Performers). My debut album <strong>of</strong> John Field’s<br />

music was released by RCA Victor (New York)<br />

in 1999. I founded and directed the John Field<br />

Institute from 2006. In 20<strong>07</strong> I was delighted<br />

to be awarded ‘Female <strong>Music</strong>ian <strong>of</strong> the Year’<br />

from Liveireland.com and ‘Female <strong>Music</strong>ian <strong>of</strong><br />

the Year’ from Top TIR Awards (Chicago Irish<br />

American News)<br />

Commercially Released Solo Piano Recordings<br />

included:<br />

Featured Guest Artist on ‘Dreams 3: The Most<br />

Beautiful <strong>Music</strong> in your Dreams’, Universal<br />

<strong>Music</strong>, 2004<br />

Guest on ‘Coulter and Company’ CD/DVD/<br />

Video, Celtic Collections, 20<strong>03</strong><br />

Featured guest artist Miracle Gold, BMG, 2002<br />

Featured guest artist Miracle 4, BMG, 2001<br />

Featured guest artist Miracle Piano 2, Ariola,<br />

2001<br />

Featured guest artist Celtic Visions, RCA<br />

Victor, New York, 1999<br />

Recording <strong>of</strong> Grieg’s Piano Concerto 1 st<br />

movement for Lyric FM with the <strong>National</strong><br />

Concert Orchestra, conductor Prionnsias O’<br />

Duinn, 1999<br />

Solo CD Romantic Themes and Celtic Dreams,<br />

RCA Victor, New York, 1999<br />

Recorded second solo CD Appassionata,<br />

forthcoming<br />

Teaching Interests<br />

Research into teaching and learning is<br />

particularly pertinent to music, given the<br />

multi-faceted nature <strong>of</strong> music education. My<br />

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timbre music department nui maynooth<br />

experience in analytical research and practical<br />

performance informs my teaching as well as<br />

my research. Topics in modules reflecting this<br />

include performance tradition, performance<br />

practice, editorial considerations, and<br />

interpretive issues.<br />

I spent time as a visiting lecturer in the<br />

<strong>University</strong> <strong>of</strong> Oregon, USA and I now<br />

collaborate with Pr<strong>of</strong>essor Steve Larson at the<br />

<strong>University</strong> <strong>of</strong> Oregon on pedagogical research<br />

into teaching Schenkerian music analysis and<br />

we are currently researching Chopin’s cello<br />

sonata as a joint academic project.Following my<br />

supervision <strong>of</strong> the 2009 Summer Programme<br />

for Undergraduate Research, we initiated an<br />

ongoing research programme for the automation<br />

<strong>of</strong> music analysis as a teaching tool, involving<br />

the <strong>Music</strong> Technology, Computer Science and<br />

<strong>Music</strong> Departments <strong>of</strong> NUI <strong>Maynooth</strong>.<br />

As part <strong>of</strong> my Postgraduate Diploma in Higher<br />

<strong>Ed</strong>ucation I completed an Action Research<br />

project entitled ‘Whose Responsibility is<br />

it? Encouraging Student Engagement in the<br />

Learning Process’. This research aimed to<br />

provide students with improved control and<br />

responsibility <strong>of</strong> their own learning by engaging<br />

them more fully in assessment, and helping them<br />

to understand the principles behind assessment<br />

criteria. I was encouraged and delighted by the<br />

enthusiastic cooperation <strong>of</strong> the students who<br />

took part in this research (graduation class <strong>of</strong><br />

2010) and the benefit <strong>of</strong> such an approach was<br />

reflected in their final results.<br />

I presented a paper based on my action research<br />

project entitled ‘Whose Responsibility is<br />

it? Encouraging Student Engagement in the<br />

Learning Process’ at the <strong>National</strong> Academy<br />

for the Integration <strong>of</strong> Research, Teaching, and<br />

Learning (NAIRTL) 3 rd Annual Conference in<br />

November 2009 in TCD.<br />

I am an elected Member <strong>of</strong> the NUI <strong>Maynooth</strong><br />

Academic Council 2010–2013 and a member<br />

<strong>of</strong> the All <strong>Ireland</strong> Society for Higher <strong>Ed</strong>ucation<br />

(AISHE) Special Interest Group on Action<br />

Research (2009–) and the NUI <strong>Maynooth</strong><br />

Project on Large Group teaching (2009–). I was<br />

nominated NUI <strong>Maynooth</strong> <strong>Music</strong> Department<br />

Learning Outcomes Fellow in 2009. I have a<br />

Postgraduate Diploma in Higher <strong>Ed</strong>ucation<br />

(2009) and a certificate in Counselling Skills<br />

(2006) from NUI <strong>Maynooth</strong>, which I feel has<br />

enhanced my ability to help students through<br />

my role as student advisor.<br />

Spotlighting Dr Gordon Delap:<br />

Interdisciplinary Research Activities<br />

Some <strong>of</strong> the most rewarding and interesting<br />

projects I have worked on over the past few years<br />

have involved conversations between music<br />

and other disciplines. I have been fortunate<br />

to have carried out a considerable volume <strong>of</strong><br />

work with authors, video artists, filmmakers<br />

and researchers working on physical modeling<br />

sound synthesis. One <strong>of</strong> the valuable aspects<br />

<strong>of</strong> working with electroacoustic sounds, I<br />

think, is that it allows sound art to step more<br />

easily outside <strong>of</strong> conventional “concert hall”<br />

scenarios.<br />

Most recently, I have been experimenting with<br />

generating visual material for audiovisual<br />

works. Several years ago, I collaborated with<br />

the Belgian video artist Antonin de Bemels.<br />

He was capable <strong>of</strong> generating what I consider<br />

to be extraordinarily rich and beautiful visual<br />

imagery with which to work, and I gleaned some<br />

useful insights into the process <strong>of</strong> conceiving<br />

and dealing with visuals through working with<br />

him.<br />

My first work dealing with audiovisual<br />

material, “Under Observation”, was completed<br />

several months ago. I was interested in the idea<br />

<strong>of</strong> manipulating the activity <strong>of</strong> liquid droplets<br />

using stop motion technology. Initially, I chose<br />

to employ stop motion because <strong>of</strong> the high<br />

levels <strong>of</strong> image quality that the technique might<br />

afford, as well as the capacity to manipulate<br />

inanimate objects that it afforded. Stop motion<br />

is, however, not an entirely pain-free process.


timbre music department nui maynooth<br />

It’s very time-consuming, and for one reason<br />

or another, much <strong>of</strong> the material generated was<br />

unusable. In these aspects, at least, the process<br />

was much akin to working with electronic<br />

sounds!<br />

I’ve started work on a new audiovisual work,<br />

which explores very different subject matter to<br />

the earlier piece. I’m excited by the prospect <strong>of</strong><br />

building on experiments developed through my<br />

earlier work in this area.<br />

Where is the ‘Modern’ in Modern Irish<br />

music? A Personal View<br />

Piaras Hoban (PhD Student)<br />

A recent paper by Irish musicologist Áine Sheil<br />

questioned the apparent absence <strong>of</strong> political<br />

discourse instigated by productions <strong>of</strong> opera<br />

in <strong>Ireland</strong>. The same question might also be<br />

asked <strong>of</strong> the music <strong>of</strong> many contemporary<br />

Irish composers. In fact, the rational observer<br />

may even go so far as to ask (chronological<br />

synchronicity aside): ‘What contemporary<br />

relevance does the music being composed in<br />

<strong>Ireland</strong> have to those who seek it out?’<br />

Recently, audiences in Dublin witnessed the<br />

premiere <strong>of</strong> a symphony by a composer who,<br />

at least in terms <strong>of</strong> age and academic standing,<br />

could be considered ‘establishment’. Leaving<br />

aesthetic arguments to one side for a moment,<br />

this should have been an exciting event. The<br />

preceding day’s Irish Times ran a full-page<br />

feature on the composer (an rarity in this<br />

newspaper). What’s more, the concert featuring<br />

the <strong>National</strong> Symphony Orchestra was free<br />

and took place at lunchtime. For the curious,<br />

there was even an interview with the composer<br />

before the concert.<br />

This is all genuinely praiseworthy and is<br />

exactly the kind <strong>of</strong> musical activity we need<br />

more <strong>of</strong> in our cities and towns. In fact, the only<br />

thing wrong with the whole business was the<br />

composer and his music. What we heard was<br />

the music <strong>of</strong> a composer who has, and this is<br />

with some degree <strong>of</strong> charity, utterly failed to<br />

engage with musical (or aesthetic or cultural)<br />

thinking post-1930. Of course, the cynical<br />

amongst us might observe that this is exactly<br />

the kind <strong>of</strong> music orchestras would like to<br />

commission on a regular basis, as it <strong>of</strong>fers few<br />

technical challenges and more or less conforms<br />

to standard practice. But as a culturally literate<br />

and engaged audience, should we not expect<br />

more from our artists?<br />

It would seem that the majority <strong>of</strong> composers,<br />

<strong>of</strong> what might be termed an ‘establishment’<br />

(though I hesitate to use this term as it<br />

implies distinction), seem at pains to put as<br />

much distance between themselves and art<br />

as possible. On the one hand, whilst it may<br />

be understandable (if not acceptable) that<br />

composers with comfortable and somewhat<br />

prestigious academic positions might<br />

occasionally exhibit a certain complacency, it<br />

is a wretched indictment <strong>of</strong> cultural life here<br />

that our composers display such cowardice<br />

<strong>of</strong> mind (in both imaginative and intellectual<br />

capacities).<br />

The final twist in this particular tale was the<br />

subsequent Irish Times review, conspicuous in<br />

its praise for the recently premiered symphony<br />

in essence rewarding complacency.<br />

The above remarks may seem somewhat<br />

vitriolic, but my overriding emotion leaving this<br />

concert was one <strong>of</strong> pr<strong>of</strong>ound disappointment: it<br />

is disappointing to discover such mediocrity <strong>of</strong><br />

ambition in one’s forbearers.<br />

Why as a society are we commissioning<br />

composers to write symphonies in which the<br />

only kind <strong>of</strong> space considered is vertical pitchspace<br />

and in which the rhythmic language is<br />

fundamentally tied to a system <strong>of</strong> tonality?<br />

(Do we still use public monies to commission<br />

classical marble sculpture?) As we set about<br />

the process <strong>of</strong> rebuilding this country we need<br />

to think. Perhaps we need some new ways <strong>of</strong><br />

understanding and thinking about commissions.<br />

Spotlighting Dr Antonio Cascelli: Research<br />

Activities<br />

My research interests focus mainly on the<br />

history <strong>of</strong> music theory, with emphasis on<br />

analysis, theory, metaphor and performance,<br />

particularly in nineteenth-century music and<br />

sixteenth/seventeenth century Italian music. I<br />

am currently working on two articles.<br />

The first is an elaboration <strong>of</strong> the paper that I<br />

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timbre music department nui maynooth<br />

presented the Chopin Symposium that took<br />

place last October here at NUI <strong>Maynooth</strong>.<br />

The main idea supporting the article is the<br />

literary concept <strong>of</strong> intertextuality, whose first<br />

application to music has been developed by<br />

the musicologist Kevin Korsyn. Intertextuality<br />

indicates the possibility that the meaning <strong>of</strong> a<br />

text is not constructed in an empty space, where<br />

the text has no connection to any other text. On<br />

the contrary, meaning is built in collaboration<br />

between texts.<br />

As an example: In our world <strong>of</strong> global<br />

communication, we build our own identities<br />

through a network <strong>of</strong> relationships, from the<br />

most obvious family ties to Facebook and<br />

Twitter; the books we read; the movies we<br />

watch; the music we listen to and so on. In<br />

this network, we respond continuously to our<br />

understanding <strong>of</strong> what is around us. We can<br />

even respond to what we said yesterday, a week<br />

or a year ago. In a similar way, a music text is<br />

a response to another music text (by the same<br />

composer or another).<br />

So in this first article on Chopin, I explore<br />

aspects <strong>of</strong> intertextuality between Schumann’s<br />

Lied ‘Auf einer Burg’ from his Liederkreis op.<br />

39 and Chopin’s Prelude Op. 28, no. 2 in A<br />

minor. A review written by Schumann in 1839<br />

is evidence that Schumann knew Chopin’s<br />

Preludes Op. 28 well. Using Schumann’s<br />

own review as a guideline, it is possible to<br />

recognise links between the two compositions.<br />

Schumann’s Lied thus becomes a linked<br />

response to Chopin’s Prelude.<br />

In the second article I discuss the way that<br />

Claudio Monteverdi prepares and uses cadences<br />

in the first three madrigals from his Fifth Book<br />

<strong>of</strong> Madrigals, published in 1605. In particular<br />

I analyse how cadences on different pitches<br />

highlight the emotional and narrative plots<br />

<strong>of</strong> the madrigals; they create what the music<br />

scholar Susan McClary defines “trajectory <strong>of</strong><br />

desire”, a trajectory that runs through the three<br />

madrigals, forming a single theatrical scene.<br />

Listening as Research<br />

Dr Martin O’Leary<br />

For a composer, the most important thing<br />

is, in my opinion, to listen to as much music<br />

as possible. One can learn (and appropriate<br />

ideas) from any music one hears, and solutions<br />

to compositional problems may come from<br />

surprising angles. It is important, I feel, to listen<br />

to as many different types <strong>of</strong> music as possible.<br />

To a composer, the surface sound world, though<br />

important (especially where taste is concerned)<br />

is not the only area <strong>of</strong> interest. A technique, a<br />

formal strategy or an aesthetic stance – as well<br />

as the sounds – can act as a creative stimulus,<br />

whether the reaction is positive or negative. It<br />

is important for a composer to know what one<br />

doesn’t want to do as well as what one does.<br />

My listening is usually quite varied – I like<br />

to be constantly surprised by what the music<br />

presents. The consort music <strong>of</strong> Christopher Tye<br />

has impressed me with its striking approach<br />

to dissonance – absolutely fearless, and based<br />

on a contrapuntal mastery that is breathtaking.<br />

It also intrigues me that all his twenty-one<br />

‘In Nomines’ - based as they are on the same<br />

cantus firmus usually played at the same pitch –<br />

can be heard as a (very) large set <strong>of</strong> variations –<br />

almost on the ‘Diabelli’ scale. So a large number<br />

<strong>of</strong> relatively small scale pieces can be heard to<br />

form a larger whole, while still retaining their<br />

individual character.<br />

I have also been listening to the Unplugged<br />

session by Alice in Chains – in particular a song<br />

called ‘No excuses’. I like the idea <strong>of</strong> a song<br />

stripped down to its essential harmonic and<br />

melodic content, and the starkness and beauty<br />

<strong>of</strong> the writing emerges very clearly. This song<br />

makes the most out <strong>of</strong> its material and the craft<br />

is something I can admire, and strive to emulate<br />

in my own (very different) sound world.<br />

A Mendelssohn cantata movement (from ‘O<br />

Haupt voll Blut und Wunden’) <strong>of</strong>fers a striking<br />

use <strong>of</strong> augmentation within a chorale preludelike<br />

structure. As each line <strong>of</strong> the chorale<br />

melody is sung in turn by the four choral parts,<br />

the last occurs at twice the note values <strong>of</strong> the<br />

preceding entries (usually in the basses). How<br />

this affects the pacing within the piece is one <strong>of</strong><br />

the most fascinating things – how Mendelssohn<br />

manages to <strong>of</strong>fset the latent danger that each<br />

augmented entry will slow the piece up is<br />

one <strong>of</strong> the wonders <strong>of</strong> this movement. It is an<br />

interesting thing to abstract from the piece as a<br />

compositional task – to use augmentation (and


timbre music department nui maynooth<br />

why not diminution as well?) within a piece<br />

while maintaining one’s grip on the pacing <strong>of</strong><br />

the musical events.<br />

Some, all, or perhaps none, <strong>of</strong> these ideas may<br />

bear fruit in a future compositional project. One<br />

can always be influenced consciously – and<br />

unconsciously – by one’s listening. The great<br />

thing is that we- as listeners – will never run out<br />

<strong>of</strong> music to listen to!<br />

<strong>Ed</strong>itor’s Notes<br />

This is a new (and regular) final column in<br />

Timbre by Dr Jesse Ronneau.<br />

‘What do you know?’<br />

Dr Jesse Ronneau<br />

As a young undergraduate student I became<br />

a bit concerned about how the world worked.<br />

In the world <strong>of</strong> music, academia and the arts,<br />

the old adage it’s who you know, not what you<br />

know never seemed to be more true.<br />

I noticed the same young composers were<br />

selected for spotlight performances, the same<br />

young theorists presented year after year;<br />

place after place. It wasn’t because their ideas<br />

were more advanced then anyone else’s. It all<br />

seemed to come down to the fact that they<br />

knew ‘so-and-so’ or studied at ‘<strong>University</strong> X’.<br />

I became concerned that at my ripe old age<br />

<strong>of</strong> 21 I might never break into the worlds I<br />

wished to inhabit. I didn’t know X, wasn’t<br />

nationality Y or could not afford <strong>University</strong> Z.<br />

Then, as I entered my post-graduate studies,<br />

a simple axiom dawned on me: it’s what you<br />

know that determines who you know.<br />

This simple realization led me to the<br />

conclusion that I must continually broaden<br />

my field <strong>of</strong> study. Yes I would still study my<br />

theory, music history and composition. But<br />

I could not isolate myself in the cocoon <strong>of</strong> a<br />

<strong>Music</strong> Degree. Even within the Degree I must<br />

not isolate myself into one stream <strong>of</strong> thought<br />

or practice. I intentionally set out to devour<br />

as much knowledge as I could. My depth and<br />

breadth <strong>of</strong> knowledge increased exponentially<br />

during my studies. My aesthetic sensibilities<br />

matured through considered critical<br />

contemplation. I expanded into electronic<br />

music (a field I had never previously taken<br />

to) simply to see what it had to <strong>of</strong>fer. This<br />

exposure opened my ears and eyes to a whole<br />

new chest <strong>of</strong> tools. It led to an entire new set<br />

<strong>of</strong> interests; fields <strong>of</strong> study; interpretations <strong>of</strong><br />

history; and opportunities to present my work.<br />

I began improvising thus putting me in<br />

direct contact with a variety <strong>of</strong> instruments,<br />

instrumentalists and music-making. More<br />

areas <strong>of</strong> inquest opened; more opportunities<br />

to connect to the larger world appeared.<br />

I read contemporary philosophical and<br />

aesthetics treatises. I closely followed<br />

trends in other art forms to gain a different<br />

aesthetic perspective. I studied languages<br />

and etymologies to see where ideas <strong>of</strong><br />

representation intersect and where they differ.<br />

With this constant grazing I found it easier<br />

and easier to engage with complete strangers<br />

at concerts, festivals and conferences.<br />

More excitingly I found engaging with the<br />

‘superstars’ <strong>of</strong> my field was not a jittery fiveminute<br />

cup <strong>of</strong> c<strong>of</strong>fee trying not to say too much<br />

so as not to make a fool <strong>of</strong> myself. Instead I<br />

could easily hold long and in-depth discussion<br />

between intelligent, passionate experts in<br />

Composition, Performance, <strong>Music</strong>ology, etc.<br />

etc.<br />

Most importantly I connected with a large<br />

swath <strong>of</strong> composers and performers <strong>of</strong> my<br />

generation. Connecting meaningfully with<br />

these individuals was possible not because we<br />

are close in age but because I know something<br />

about their homeland, or I know a bit about<br />

the inner workings <strong>of</strong> a piano. At this point<br />

I began to be asked to present papers at<br />

conferences; my music began to be played<br />

around the globe. I was an insider.<br />

Now I am not saying I am an expert in all<br />

fields - believe me - not even remotely close.<br />

But a very limited understanding <strong>of</strong> Japanese<br />

influence on some contemporary music led<br />

to an interesting series <strong>of</strong> contacts with a<br />

well-established composer. These contacts<br />

eventually led to a fellowship in Germany.<br />

It was a limited amount <strong>of</strong> exposure to<br />

arcane Greek mythology that led to a lasting<br />

association with a well-established composer<br />

and conductor in Vienna. My awareness <strong>of</strong> the<br />

difficulties in accurately translating German<br />

sarcastic texts into English led to a long<br />

lasting friendship that eventually cracked the<br />

door open to my first position here in <strong>Ireland</strong>.<br />

Everything we do can be informed by<br />

everything we know. By attempting to infuse<br />

7


8<br />

timbre music department nui maynooth<br />

cross-knowledge into my works I hope pieces<br />

become interesting and engaging. The more<br />

engaging they become, the more they get<br />

performed. Thus I get to hear them more and<br />

learn more from them. The more other people<br />

hear my works the more interesting people I<br />

come in contact with; people who might teach<br />

me a thing or two about Hawaiian Ukulele<br />

<strong>Music</strong> or Fast Fourier Transforms.<br />

There are plenty <strong>of</strong> talented composers,<br />

musicians, and academics out there. Talent<br />

combined with a broad perspective <strong>of</strong> subjects<br />

and honed skills <strong>of</strong> lateral thinking is rare.<br />

The various subjects studied at <strong>University</strong><br />

<strong>of</strong>ten seem to be unhinged from one another.<br />

The last thing one might want to do after a long<br />

day <strong>of</strong> lectures is read or think more. However,<br />

these taught disciplines and specialisms do<br />

not exist in vacuums. They are not creatures<br />

isolated in specimen jars. They should...they<br />

must...interact with each other. They must<br />

interact in our thoughts, in our opinions, in<br />

our discourse and in our work. Otherwise they<br />

are simply trivia for the initiated.<br />

Just a little effort into seeing, knowing,<br />

understanding, or even simply being aware<br />

<strong>of</strong> the broader world and its sinews pays <strong>of</strong>f<br />

quickly.<br />

A drop <strong>of</strong> water can become a lake over time.<br />

So, what do you know?<br />

The next issue <strong>of</strong> Timbre will focus on a sample <strong>of</strong><br />

the research activities and interests <strong>of</strong> the large and<br />

diverse postgraduate community within the NUI<br />

<strong>Maynooth</strong> <strong>Music</strong> Department.<br />

Timbre the Newsletter <strong>of</strong> the <strong>Music</strong> Department,<br />

NUI <strong>Maynooth</strong> seeks submissions from students<br />

(articles,reviews, pr<strong>of</strong>iles, etc.)<br />

Please contact Dr Jesse Ronneau for further details <strong>of</strong><br />

the submission process: jesse.ronneau@nuim.ie<br />

Contact Us:<br />

<strong>Music</strong> Department<br />

Room 56d Logic House,<br />

<strong>National</strong> <strong>University</strong> <strong>of</strong> <strong>Ireland</strong> <strong>Maynooth</strong>,<br />

<strong>Maynooth</strong>,<br />

Co. Kildare<br />

Tel: +353-1-708 3733<br />

Fax: +353-1-628 9432<br />

http://music.nuim.ie/

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