Additions to the lichen flora of Finland. II. Calcareous rocks and ...

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18 Juha Pykälä GRAPHIS SCRIPTA 19 (2007) mining continues deep under lake Lohjanjärvi. The limestone consists in general of calcite (Parras & Tavela 1954). Limestone deposits that have not been mined are very small and narrow. Most calcareous rocks in Lohja are mixtures of limestone and siliceous rocks (mainly quartz or feldspar gneisses), the latter minerals often predominating. Calcareous rock is rather rare in Lohja. Altogether, a little more than 60 sites with exposed calcareous bedrock and/or calcareous boulders are known from in the area (Pykälä 1992 and unpublished). The calcareous bedrock is usually shallow, and often mostly covered by soil. Areas of exposed rock or rock with such a thin layer of soil that calcicolous lichens can be found are often mosaic-like and mixed with thicker soils with forests. Due to the mosaic-like occurrence of siliceous and calcareous minerals, as well as forested and non-forested areas, it is somewhat difficult to measure the total area of exposed calcareous rock. However, most of these sites are very small (1–1000 m 2 ), the largest being c. 2–3 hectares. The largest lime quarries in Tytyri and Ojamo are surrounded by large areas with waste soils covering some hectares. Most of Lohja belongs to the biogeographical province Varsinais-Suomi (V), and all sites with calcareous rock in Lohja are situated within this province. In this study 95 % of all known sites with calcareous rock in Lohja were visited. Altogether 60 sites were studied (55 sites with exposed calcareous bedrock and five with only calcareous boulders). Species were collected both from limestone and lime-influenced siliceous minerals. Both species occurring directly on the rock surface and those growing on thin calcareous soil were studied. Calcareous soils by lime quarries (i.e. quarry waste soil) and calcareous boulders were also studied. This study was mainly carried out during the years 2002–2005, but studies were also made earlier during the period 1990–2001. Most of the sites were fully accessible, but inside the Tytyri and Ojamo lime quarries some steep walls occur that could not be studied. Altogether c. 2000 specimens were collected. Particularly, crustaceous lichens were intensively collected in order to cover every locality as accurately as possible. Specimens are or will be deposited in H. Some of the species reported that are new to Finland were also found from artificial calcareous habitats such as concrete, cement, bricks and calcareous waste soils or from siliceous rock. These habitats have been studied much less intensively. Furthermore, a few sites with exposed calcareous rock outside the Lohja area were studied in 2004–2005, and some lichens new to Finland were also found in these sites. These localities are given after the finds made in Lohja. The species Acrocordia conoidea New to Finland. A. conoidea occurred on rather shady walls of calcareous rocks and lime quarries. The species also grows elsewhere in shady habitats (Purvis 1992a). Perithecia were smaller (0.2–0.4 mm) than reported in von Keissler (1938), Purvis (1992a), and Foucard (2001). Specimens examined: Hermala, Pietilä, lime quarry, on S-facing wall, 60°13'N, 23°51'E, 30.IX.2004, 25875; Ojamo, Kalkkisaari, small lime quarry, on N-facing wall, 60°14'N, 24°01'E, 31.III.2005, 26400; Torhola, Torhola cave, on high shady SW-facing wall of calcareous rock, 60°15'N, 23°51'E, 25.VII.2005, 27427. Agonimia gelatinosa New to Finland. A. gelatinosa is widely distributed in Sweden and Norway (Santesson et al. 2004) and has apparently been overlooked in Finland. Specimens examined: Ojamo, Ojamo lime quarry, waste soil (sand and gravel), on open S-facing slope and on bushy NW-facing slope, 60°14'N, 24°02'E,15.XI.2003, 24092, 18.IV.2005, 26564, 26565, 26567, 26577, 26607; Lohja, Tytyri, lime
GRAPHIS SCRIPTA 19 (2007) Additions the the lichen flora of Finland 19 quarry, on soil, 60°16'N, 24°04'E, 8.XI.2003, 24017; Hermala, Kalkkimäki, 60°13'N, 23°52'E, SW slope on thin soil among bryophytes, 15.V.2004, 24659, SE-facing c. 1 m high wall of calcareous rock in Picea abies dominated forest, on bryophytes, 19.VII.2004, 25131, and on semiopen flat calcareous rock among bryophytes 1.IX.2005, 27834; Ojamo, Kalkkisaari, lime quarry, S slope, on silty soil, 60°14'N, 24°01'E, 31.III.2005, 26403. Agonimia globulifera New to Finland. A. globulifera has a diminutive thallus and is characterized by many small (70– 200 µm), black, shiny globules (Sérusiaux et al. 1999). Perithecia are rare. In Fennoscandia A. globulifera has been previously found in Öland (Santesson et al. 2004) and the species was also recently recorded in Estonia (Suija et al. 2005). Specimens examined: Skraatila, Kirkkovuori, calcareous rock, SW-slope, on bryophytes, scarce, 60°15'N, 23°54'E, 21.VII.2004, 25217, det. B. J. Coppins 2006; Lohja, Pitkäniemi industrial area, 5 m from shore of lake Lohjanjärvi, deciduous forest, lime-influenced quartz-feldspar gneiss rock, on W-facing wall, on bryophytes, 60°15'N, 24°02'E, 19.VIII.2005, 27636. Agonimia vouauxii (de Lesd.) Brand & Diederich New to Fennoscandia. A. vouauxii usually grows on mosses or soil. It resembles Polyblastia agraria, but has a granulose-squamulose thallus, subspherical perithecia and larger hyaline spores (40–)60–72(–87) × 15–24 (–31) µm; Sérusiaux et al. 1999). In the Lohja collection, spore size was 60–73 x 23–33 µm. The very few asci seen with spores had three spores, which is somewhat curious. Only few collections of A. vouauxii are known from France, Belgium and Austria (Sérusiaux et al. 1999), Germany (Rätzel et al. 2004), Denmark (Søchting & Alstrup 2002) and Hong Kong (Aptroot & Seaward 1999). Specimen examined: Hiittinen, SW exposed calcareous rock, scarcely growing on bryophytes, 60°16'N, 24°03'E, 21.VII.2005, 27384. Bacidina arnoldiana New to Finland. B. arnoldiana grows on shady calcareous rocks, on stonework and on bark of deciduous trees (Coppins 1992, Foucard 2001). Specimen examined: Hermala, Laakspohja, on Sfacing wall of small calcareous rock in deciduous herb-rich forest, 60°13'N, 23°50'E, 30.VIII.2003, 23544. Bacidina delicata New to Finland. B. delicata grows on deciduous trees, calcareous rocks, concrete and stonework (Coppins 1992, Wirth 1995). In Sweden the species has been found growing in semi-open forests mainly on Sambucus nigra, but also on other deciduous trees (Arup 1999). Specimens examined: Lohja, Kiviniemi, lime quarry, on N-facing rock wall, scarce, 60°15'N, 24°03'E, 11.VII.2003, 23179; Lohja, gravelly soil by building on Lohjanharju esker, on pebbles, scarce, 60°14'N, 24°04'E, 31.X.2003, 23939. Bacidina egenula New to Finland. B. egenula is mainly a species of siliceous rocks (Wirth 1995, Foucard 2001). However, the find in Lohja was from calcareous rock where the species was associated with e. g. Bagliettoa baldensis. Specimen examined: Lohja, Pohjolanmäki, on small, flat calcareous rock, shaded by trees, scarce, 60°15'N, 24°04'E, 24.IX.2005, 28054. Bagliettoa baldensis The species grew on calcareous rocks on flat, sloping and vertical surfaces. It is a rather shadetolerant species occurring mainly on half-shady or shady habitats in the study sites. According to Halda (2003), two Bagliettoa species occur in Fennoscandia: B. baldensis has a white – grey thallus and the size of the involucrellum is 200–
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