NORTH AMERICA. - Toronto Public Library

Flora Americ{E Septentrionalis ;
OR, A
SYSTEMATIC ARRANGEMENT
AND
DESCRIPTION
OF
THE PLaAlJVTS
OF
NORTH AMERICA.
CONTAINING, BESIDES WHAT HAVE BEEN DESCRIBED BY
PRECEDING AUTHORS, MANY NEW AND RARE
SPECIES, COLLECTED DURING TWELVE
YEARS TRAVELS AND RESIDENCE
IN THAT COUNTRY,
.. BY
FREDER ICK PURSH.
IN TWO VOLUMES.
-
VOL. I.
W1TH TWENTY-FOUR ENGRAJ'INGS.
LONDON:
I'RINTED FOR WHITE, COCHRANE, AND CO.,
FLEET STREET.
1814.

PRINTED BY RICHARD AND ARTHUR TAYLOl:l,
SHOE-LANE, LONDON.

PRli:lI'ACE. vii
'Of North America." This gentleman, though then fat
advanced in age and deprived of his eye-sight, conducted
me personally through his collection of interest·
ing trees and shrubs, pointing out many which were
then new to me, which strongly proved his attachment
and application to the science in former years, when his
vigour of mind and eye-sight were in full power. This
establishment, since the death of Mr. Marshall, (which
happened a few years ago,) has been, in some respectf',
kept up by the family, but is now very much on the decline,
only a few old established trees being' left as a memento
of what formerly deserved the name of a re­
Bpectable botanic garden.
Near Philadelphia I found the botanic garden of
Messrs. John and William Bartram. This is likewise
an old establishment, founded under the patronage of
the late Dr. Fothergill, by the father of the now living
Bartrams. This place, delightfully situated on the banks
of the Delaware, is kept up by the present proprietors,
and probably will increase under the care of the son of
John Bartram, a young gentleman of classical education,
and highly attached to the study of botany. In
MI'. William Bartram, the well known author of " Tra ..
vels through North and South Carolina," I found a very
intelligent, agreeable, and communicative gentleman;
and from him I received considerable information
about the plants of that country, particularly respecting
the habitats of a number of rare and interesting
trees. It is with the liveliest emotions of pleasure I
call to mind the happy hours I spent in this worthy
man's company, during the period I lived in his neighpOUl'hood.

xiv
PREFACE.
While I was engaged in arranging my materials for
this publication, I was called upon to take the manage·
ment of the Botanic Garden at New York, which had
been ori:?;inally established by the arduous zeal and ex':
ertions of Dr. David Hosack, Professor of Botany, &c.
as his private property, but has lately been bought by
the Government of the State of New York for the public
service. As this employment opened a further prospect
to me of increasing my knowledge of the plants of that
country, I willingly dropped the idea of my inten(led Vlblication
for that time, and in 1807 took charge of that
establishment.
Here I again endeavoured to pay the utmost attention
to the collection of American plants, as the establishment
was principally intended for that purpose. In thi&
I was supported by my numerous botanical connections
and friends, among whom I must particularly mention
John Le Conte, Esq. of Georgia, whose unremitting exertiol15
added considerably to the collection, particularly
of plants from the Southern Strltcs.
The additions to my former steck of materials for a
Flora were now considerable, and in conjunction with
Dr. D. Hosack I had engaged to publish a periodical
work, with coloured plates, all taken from living plants,
and if possible from native speeimens, on a pIau similar
to that of Curtis's Botanical Magazine; for which a
great number of drawings were actually prepared. But
at this period I was attacked by a serious and obstinate
intermitting fever, which made a change of air and eli '
mate ai.Jsolutely necessary to me; I therefore, in 1810,
took a voyage to the vVest Indies, visiting the islands of
Barbadoes, Martinique, DOll,lini,que,. Guadaloupe, ;;tud

XVI
PREFACE.
to the most eminent botanical characters of our age
Sir Joseph Banks, with his accustomed liberality, supported
my undertaking by giving me access to his
extensive library and herbarium. A. B. Lambert, Esq.
favoured me not only with the saine assistance, but very
handsomely offered me the entire use of his library and
collection during the compilation of the work. To this
gentleman I am in the highest degree indebted for his
strenuous support under all the difficulties I had to encounter
during its progress; which by his generous
exertions he endeavoured to remove whenever they
occurred.
Among the many new sources of infqrmation now
opened to me, I must particularly mention the following
original collections, by the assistance of whicf! I have been
enabfed to correct many errors of former publications,
particularly respecting the synonyms.
I. Clayton's Herbarium.-The whole of this interesting
collection, from which the" FLORA VIRGINICA" of
Gronovius was compiled, is preserved in the Banksian
Museum. This has been particularly useful to me in
tracing the plants which Linnreus had adopted from that
work.
II. Professor P. S. Pallas's Herbarium.-This extensive
collection, now in the possession of A. B. Lambert,
Esq. was highly useful to me, in comparing the plants
of North America with those of the North of Asia to
,
some of which they have a great affinity, and others are
common to both continents.
III. Plukenet's Herbarium.-Preserved in the British
Museum, as also part of
IV. Catesby's Herbarium.

PREFACE. xvii
V. Walter's Herbarium. This interesting collection,
from which Walter's "FLORA CAROLINIANA" was
compiled, is in possession of the Messrs. Frasers of
Sloane Square, whose father was the intimate friend of
Mr. Walter. They very kindly permitted me to make
use of it whenever I had occasion to refer to it.
I am also highly indebted to William Roscoe, Esq.,
who very bligingly communicated to me Mr. Bradbury's
Plants collected in Upper Louisiana. This valuable
collection contains many rare and new species, having
been collected in a tract of country never explored before:
those which were entirely new I have described
in the Supplement to the present work.
Besides these general collections, there were a number
of interesting new plants in the Banksian Herbarium
collected by different persons in North America. Among
them I found a number of those collected by Archibald
Menzies, Esq., during the famous expedition under
Vancouver, on the north-west coast of America. As
several of them had been described, by me from the
Lewisian collection, I requested permission of Mr. Menzies
to adopt such as were immediately connected with
my plan, which he very obligingly complied with.
The number of American plants in the different nurseries
and private collections ill the vicinity of London,
contributed considerably to my resources, and I am
highly indebted to those who gave me their assistance,
particularly to Messrs. Lee and Kennedy, whose extensive
collections exceed any other in Europe.
The accounts I had frequently heard of th« celebrated
Sherardiau Herbarium at Oxford, made me particularly
VOL. I. h

xx
Pll.EFACE.
In some of the more intricate genera, as ]}[onafda,
Vaccinium, Alldromt:da, Salix, &c. the specific characters
have been extended to a rather unusual length,
which may be objected to by some, but I am persuaded
will be approved of by most. The beauty of a short
and perspicuous character is without doubt preferable
to a long one, which the more it is extended the more
ambiguous it will become; but the nature of certain
genera will absolutely not admit this conciseness, and
the works of some of the most celebrated authors
have lately proved that it is inconvenient to be limited
by a certain number of words in forming the specific
character. Among many others I only need to mention
Willdenow's last volume of the Species Plalltarum, particularly
the genus Aspidium, and Mr. Robert Brown's
excellent" Treatise on the Proteacece," in the tenth vo·
Jume of the Transactions of the Linnean Society. In
both these works examples will be found, where the
length of the specific character equals if not exceeds in
number of words the longest in the present work. ;
It would have been needless to encumber the work
with a superfluous number of synonyms, which can be
found in the authors referred to; but those of a late date,
or any way illustrative toward the true determination of
the species, have been carefully colleded, as the means I
was possessed of were particularly favourable to the ascertainment
of those points, which may be of the highest
utility to future publications on the same subject.
In respect to the figures referred to, care has been
taken to quote the m03t correct whenever there was a
choice. The plates which accompany the work hase

PREFACE.
which, with all its imperfections, will be foulld useful;
and contribute to the general advancement and progress
of the science. This has been the only aim; and will
be the highest reward of the labours of
. \ LONDON,
lJi.cemher ISI30
THE AU'I'Holt •

INDEX AUCTORUM.
sertationes decem. Parisns et 1btriti, 1785-1790.
4to.
Dav. ic.-Ejusdem leones et Descripliones PJantarnm qux
aut sponte in Hispania crescunt, aut in Hortis hospitantur.
Vol. 1-6. Matriti,1791-180I. fo1.
Clayt.fl. virg.-vid. Gron.fl. virgo
Col. ecphr.-Tab. Colllmnre minus cognilarum rariorumque
nostro Crelo orientium Stirpiul11 Ecphrasis. Romee,
1613. Pars 2da. ibid. 1616. 410.
Com. gret.- Commentarii Societatis Regire Scientiarum
Grettingensis. Gottingre, 17.s 1 et seq. 4to.
Comm. hort.-Horti Medici Amstelodamensis rariorum
PJantarum Descriptio et leones, Allctore 10. Com melino.
AmsteJodami, 1697. 1)ars altem, Auctore Casp.
Commelino, 1701. fo1.
Comm. prcel.-Casp. Commelini Prreludia Botanica. Lugd.
Batav.1703. 4to.
Corn. canad.-Jac. Comuti Canadensium Plantarum aliarumque
nOndlll11 editarum Historia. Parisiis, 1635. 410.
Crantzfl. austr.-Henr. Joan. Nepom. Crantz, Stirpium
Austriacarum. Pars 1,2. Vien. J 769. 4to.
Curt. IOlld. Curt. fl. lond.-William Cunis's Flora Londinensis.
2 vols. London, 1777· 1798. fo!'
Delaroche erY71g.-Eryngiorum distoria, Auctore F. DeJaroche.
Parisi is, 1808. fo1.
De.if. att.-Flora Atlantica, Auclore Renato Desfontaines.
Tomi 2. Parisiis. 4to.
Diar. hist. nat.-Juurnal d'Histoire Naturelle. Tom. 1, 2.
Paris, 1792. 8vo.
Dill. elth.-Joh. Jac. Dillenii Hortus Elthamensis. Vol. 2.
Londini, 1732. foI.
Dill. musc.-Ejusdem Historia Muscorum. Oxon. 1741.
4to.
Dod. memo Dodart. mem.-MCmoires pour servir 11 I'Histoire
des Plalltes, par M. Dodart. Paris, 1676. foI.
Donn. catat. Donn. hort. cant.-Hortus Cantabrigiensis, by
James Donn. Cambridge, It112. Bvo.
Duhamel. arb.-Du Hamel du Monceau, Traite des Arbres
et Arbustes qui se cultivent en France en pleine Terre.
Tomes 2. Paris, 1755. 4to.
---.-- ed. llov.-Ejusdem Operis Editio nova. ib. foJ.
flu Ro! harbk.--Joh. Phil. Du Roi, Die Harbkesche wildt:
Baumz.ucbt.1. 2. Theil. Braunschw. 1771, In'.!,. 8vo.
--- ed. 2.-Ejusdem Operis Editio nova. ib.
1795. Bvo.
XX!l1

1. MONANDRIA.
-
J. MONOGYNIA.
1. ZOSTERA. Cal e( Cor. nulla. Anth. sessilis. Caps.
l-sperma. Monflicum., '
2. CAULINIA. Cal. et Cor. nulla. Anth. sessilis. Styl.
filiformis. Stigm.2-fidum. Caps. l-Sperma. Monoicum.
3. SALICORNIA. Cal. ventricosus, integer. Cor. O.
Slam, 1-2. Sem. 1. in fundo calycis.
4. HIPPURIS. Cal. margo bilobus, superus. Cor. O.
Sen!. 1.
IT. DIG YNIA.
5. PObOSTEMUM. Cal squamre 2-3. Cor. o. Fil.
furcatum. Anth. 2. Styl. o. Stigm. reflexa. Caps.
2-1oc. 2-valv. polysperma.
6. CALLITRICHE. Cal. 2-partitus. Cor. O. Caps.
2-locularis, 4-sperma.
7. BLITUM. Cal. 3-fidus. baccatus. COT. O. Sem. 1.
8. CORISPERMUM. Cal. 2-partitus. Cor. O. Sem. 1.
III. POLYGYNIA.
g. ZANNICHELLIA. Cal. I-phyllus, turbinatus. Cor. O.
Slyl.3-5. Stigm. peltata. Sem. 3-5. nuda.
10. CHARA. Cal. et Cor. o. Stigm. 5. Bac. polysperma.
VOL. r. lL

MONANDRIA MONOGYNIA. Salicornia.
3. S: fruticulosa aS5urgens inordinate ramosa. ]lyIich. fl.
amer. 1. p. 2.
In sedgy salt-meadows; New Jersey to Carolina. d'.l(.
July, Aug. v. v. Resembles S.fruticosa very much;
taller than either No.1. or 2; pale green.
4. HIPPURIS. Gen. pl. 15. Mare's-tail.
1. H. foliis plernmque sen is linearibus. Mich.fi. amer. 1.
p.1.
In ditches and small ponds: Canada to Pensylvania,
rare. 1l. v. s. s.ft. Upright, simple; may be a
new species.
II. DIG Y N J A.
5. PODOSTEMUM. Mich. ft. arner. 2. p.164.
1. Podostemum. Mich. l. c. p. 165.
Icon. Mich. t. c. t.44.
Closely attached to loose stones in shallow water of
the rivers Ohio, Holston, Kenhaway, &c. J.f.. July.
v. v.
I take the liberty to place this plant in Monandria, as it
will be more easily found by a young Botanist under
this head, than under Moncecia Diandria.
6. CALLITRICHE. Gen. pl. 17. Water-starwort.
ambigua.
vulgaris.
ceratophyllurn.
1. C. foliis superioribus spathulato-obovatis, inferioribus Ii- heterophylla.
nearibus obtusis emarginatisque.
C. verna. Witld. sp. pl. 1. p. 28 ?
Icon. Fl. dan. 129 ?
In springs and rivulets, very common. 0. May­
July. v. v. l

II. D I AND RIA .
•
I. MONOGYNIA.
* FI. compleli, iliferi, I-pet. regulares.
12. OLEA. Cor. 4-fida: .laciniis sl1bovatis. Drupa 1sperma.
13. CHIONANTHUS. Cor. 4-fida: laciniis longissimis.
Drupa l-sperma: nuce striata.. .' .
14. ORNUS. Cor. 4.partita: petahs longls hgulatJs.
Fil. ionga. Nux alata.
11. LIGUSTRUM. Cor.4-fida. Bac. 2-1oc.: loculis 2spermis.
"* Fl. completi, inferi, I-pet. irregulares, angiospermi.
18. VERONICA. Cor. limbo 4-partito: lacinia inferiore
angustiore. Caps. 2-loc.
17. MICRANTHEMUM. Cor. subcampanulata, 4-partita:
lacinia superiore minoTe. Caps. 2-valv. I-Ioc.
polysperma.
]9. GRATIOLA. Cor. irregularis, resupinata. Starn. 2.
sterilia. Sligm. 2-1ob. Caps. 2-loc.
16. CATALPA. Cor. irregularis, 5-fida. Cal.2-phyllus.
Cabs. 2-loc111aris.
20. ELyTRARIA. Cor. 5-fida, subrequalis. Starn. 2.
sterilia. Caps. 2-loc.
21. JUSTICIA. Cor. irregularis. Caps. 2-loc. 2-valvis.
Anlh geminre.
22. PINGUICULA. Cor. ringens, caIcarata. Caps.I-Ioc.
Cal.2-1ab. 5-fidus.
23. UTRICULARIA. Cor. ringens, caIcarata. Caps.
I-loc. Cal. 2-phyllllS, reql1alis.
"'** Fl. completi, inferi, I-pet. gymnospermi.
24. LYCOPUS. Cor. tl1bu\osa, subreql1alis, 4-fida: lac inia
superiore latiore emarginata. Sem. 4. retusa.
25. MONARDA. Cor. ringens: labium superius lineare,
filamenta involvens.

DIANDRIA MONOGYNIA. Veronica.
brevis. Flores ma;;ni, confer'i, pall.de cxrulei. Cal.
4-fidus : laciniis :3. superioribus oblollgis; 2. inferioribus
linearibus, multo minoribus. Dr Tubus brevissimLls.
LilT/bus planlls: lacil1lis oblongis, acmis, calyce
triplo longioribus, infima lineari. Fil. longitudine
corollx.
4. V. racemo terminali sub,picato, foliis ovatis glabris cre- serpyllifolia.
natis. WiUd. sp. pl. 1. p. 64.
Icon. Fl. dan. 4g2.
On road sides and in dry woods, common.1/.. May
-Aug. v. v.
stripes.
Creeping; flowers pale with blue
5. V. racemis Iateralibus, foliis ova tis plan is, caule repente. Beccabunga.
WiUd. sp. pl. 1. p. 64.
Icon. Engl. bot. 655. Fl dan. 511.
In rivulets and springs; Pensylvania to Virginia, rare.
1/.. June, July. v. v. Leaves shining green, blunt;
flowers large, blue.
6. V. racemis lateralibus, foIiis lanceolatis serratis, caule Anagallis.
erecto. Willd. sp. pl. 1. p. 65.
Icon. Engl. bot.781. Fl. dan. g03.
In ditches and rivulets, more common: Canada to Carolina.
1/.. June-Aug. v. v Leaves acute.
7. V. racemis lateralibus aIternis: pedicellis peI1Elulis, foIiis
linearibus WiLld. sp. pI. 1. p. 65.
Icon. Eng!. bot. 782. Fl. dan. _og.
scutellata.
Val'. foliis integerrimis et serratis.
In wet meadows on gravelly soil. 2t. July. v. v.
The American plant has longer leaves than any of the
Europeiln specimens 1 have seen.
8. V. floribus solitariis foIiisque corda tis snbsessilibus, caule
hirto. Willd. sp. pl. 1. p. 73.
*arvensis.
Icon. Engl. bot. 734. Fl. dan. 515.
Common in fields and cultivated grounds. 0. May-­
Sept. v. v. Flowers blue, small.
g. V. floribus sessilibus, foliis lineari-lanceobtis dentatis
integerrimisque, caule erecto. IViLld. sp. pl. 1. p. '}6.
VahL. enum pt. 1. p. 85.
peregrina.
V. romana. Linn. mant 317.
V. marylandlca. Murr. in com. gret. 1782, p. 11. t. 3.
V. caroliniana. Walt.fl. car. p. 61.
V. carnosula. Lam. iLlustr. 1. p. 47.
Icon. Murr. I. c. FL. dan. 407.
H

elatior.
lutea.
pumila.
acutiJolia.
DIANDRIA MONOGYNIA. Justicia.
On the islands of Roanoak river in North Carolina.1/..
July, Aug. v. v.
Caules plmes, genicuiati, hexagoni: angulis oppositis
sulcatis, brachiato-ramosissimi, glabri. Folia oppo- •
sita, longe petiolata, ovato-oblonga, sensim acuta, intecrerrima,

Tao.1.

III. TRIANDRIA .
•
I. MONOGYNIA.
* Flores sllperi, compleli.
32. VALERI ANA. Cor. I-petala, srepe calcarata. Sem.
calyce corticatum, c,·,ronatum.
33. FEDIA. Cal. 3-4-dentatns. Cor. 5-fida. Caps.
coronata, 3-locularis : loculamento 1. fertili.
** Flores sllperi, incompleti.
34. TRIPTERELLA. Cor. 6-fida: laciniis alternis mi.
nutis; tubo basi ventricoso.
35. IXIA. Cor. 6-partita, patens, requalis tubo recto.
36. IRIS. Cor. 6-partita: petal is altern is reflex is, alternis
conniventihus. Stigm. 3. petalitormia.
37. Dr LATR1S. Cor. 6-petaloidea, hirsuta. Stigm.3-fi_
dum.
38. SISYRINCHiUM. Spatha. Petala 6. plana. Fil.
connata.
*** Flores inferi.
39. BOERHAVIA. Cal. tubulosus. Cor. I-petala.
Se1ll. 1
40. C'JMMELINA. Cal. 3-phyllus. Cor. 3-petala.
Nectar. staminiforme. Caps. 3-1ocularis.
41. SY ENA. Cal. 3-phylJus. ·Cor. 3 petala. Caps. 1locularis,
3-valvis.
42. HETERANTHERA. Sprztha 1 flora. Cor. tubulos
a : limbo 6-partito: laciniis subreql1alibus. Sligm.
tubulosnm.
43. SERPICULA. Spatha I-flora. Cor tubulosa: lim ..
bo 6. rartito: laciniis requalibm. Stigm. 3. ligulata.
44. XYRrS. Cal. cartilagineo.glumaceus, 3-valvis. Cor.
3-petala. Caps. l-locularis, 3-valvis.

30
cuprea.
tridentata.
verna.
prismatica.
tinctoria.
TRIANDRIA MONOGYNIA. Iris.
Icon. Bot. mag. 21. Dill. elth. t. 155.f 187. .
Very common in wet places, and on the banks of ditcHes
from Canada to Carolina.1/.. June, JUly. v. v.
Flowers purple, stigmata white.
4. 1. imberbis, caule tereti fiexuoso folia requante, foliis
lato-ensiformibus, stigmatibus linearibus brevi bus,
petalis omnibns reflex is emargin3tis Oiluv3tis, interiori.
bus brevioribus, capsulis magnis hexagon is.
On the banks of the Mississippi near New Orleans; discovered
by Mr. Enslen, Collector to the Prince Lichtenstein
of Austria.1/.. Julv. v. v. Flowers of a
heautiflll copper colour, veined with purple.
5. I. imberbis, caule tereti foliis longiore, foliis ensiformibus,
ruuimentis petalorum interiorum tridentatis, den.
ticulo medio acnminato, cap!ulis trigon is.
1. tripetala. Wult.}l. car. 66.
On the sea shore of Lower Carolina. Walter.1/..
Flowers blue, with purple veins.
6. 1. imberbis, acalllis, unifiora, foliis longissimis gramineis
glaucis, tubo longissimo, petal is subrequalibus, capsulis
subrotllndis ad terram sessiliblls.
I. verna. Willa. sp. pi. I. P 235. exc!. syn. Pluk.
On high mountains of Virginia and Kentucky; plenti.
fully on the Cacapoon mountains near Winchester.
11. April, May. v. v. Flowers pale blne, strii?ed
with purple.
7. 1. imberbi3, caule fistuloso tereti foliis al tiore subtrifioro,
foliis lille3ribus; capsulis abbreviato-trigonis utrinque
obtusis.
1. sibiric

32
commums.
furta.
jluviatilis.
liCllia.
iill1oSI

TRIANDRIA MONOGYNIA. Heteranthera.
Anonymos aquatica graminifoiia. Clavt. num. 814.
Icon. Mich . .ft.amer.l. t. 5.f. 2. Jacq.l. c. t. 59.
Floating, in the waters of Pensyl vania, Virginia, &c. J.t.
July. v.v.; v.s. in Herb. Gronau. Flowers yellow.
43. SERPICULA. Gen. pl. 1413.
1. S. floribus triandris hermaphroditis, stigmatibus ligulatis occidentalis.
reflexis bifidis, foliis ternatis linearibus aClltis.
Elodea canadensis. Mich. ft. a1ner. 1. p. 20.
In stagnant waters, frequent; from Cf!nada to Virginia.
J.t. July. v. u. Flowtrs very smdll and delicate,
white; leaves when magnified very finely serrulate.
:Michaux describes the leaves to be oblong and obtuse,
which is only the case in the early part of the season:
at flowering time thq certainly are long, linear, alld
acute.
44. XYRlS. Gen. pl. 89.
1. X. foliis longissime-gramineis scapisque tortuosis, capi- indica.
tulo globoso: squamis subrotunciis obtusis.
X. indica. TViltd. sp. pl. I. p. 254 ?
leon. Pluk. aIm.. t. 4l6.f. 4?
In overflowed meadCJws and small ponds: Pensylvania to
Virgiilia. 1/.. June, July. v. v. Flowers yellow.
2. X. foJiis Iineari·gramineis, scapt> ancipiti, capitulo ovato caroliniana.
acuto: squamis oblmis.
X. caroliniana. Lam. illustr. 1. p. 132. Walt . .ft. car. 69.
X. Jupicai. Mick.fl. arner. 1. p. 23.
In low grassy fields, in sandy soil, from New Jersey to
Florida.1/.. June-Aug. v. v. Heads small;
flowers yellow; it is extremely variable.
3. X. foliis subulato·gladiatis, scapo tereti, capitulo globo- hrevijblia.
so. Mhh'.fl. timer.!. p. 23.
In low meadows of Lower Carolina and Georgia. '1/..
July. u. s. The smallest species; flowers yellow.
45. SPARGANIUM. Gen. pl. 1402. Bur-reed.
1. S. foliis basi triquetris lateribus concavis, pedunculo
communi ramoso, stigmate Jineari. Smith. brito 3.
1)· 961. lVilld. sf>. pl. 4. p. 199·
S. ercctllm. Sp. pl. 1378.
Icon. Curt. lond. 5.' t. 66. Engl. bot. 744.
VIjL. I. D
33
ramosum.

T1UANDil.IA MONOGYNIA. Cyperus.
"II Umbtllte radiis elongatis.. spiculis terminalibus, umbellatis.
6. C. spiculis linearibus digitato-subternis, nmbella involu- autumnaliy,
crum diphyllum subxquante.
p.318.
Vahl. enum. pl. 2.
Scirpus autumnalis. RaUb. gram. p. 58.
Cyperus juncoides. Lam. illustr. 1. p. 147.
Cyperus complanatus. Willd. sp. pl. 1. p. 270.
Icon. RoUb. gram. t. 17.f 3.
On the edge of ponds and ditches in Virginia and Carolina.
J.j.. July. Aug. v. v, Spikes very slender;
valves purple with a green carina; stem nearly cylindric.
6. C. spiculis digitatis subquaternis lanceolato-oblongis val- cornprwus.
vulis mucronatis latioribus membranaceis. Vakl.
enum. pl. 2. p.324. WiUd. sp. pl. 1. p. 282.
Icon. Rottb. gram. t. 9. f 3. Sloan. hist. jam. 1. t. 17.
fl.
In low meadows: Pensylvania to Carolina. l!.. July.
v. v.
7. C. spkulis oblongo-ovatis obtusis, umbellulis confertis trizlEus.
aphyllis, foliis angustis.
p.106.
Rich. in act. soc. linn. par.
In swamps of Carolina. J.j.. July. v. v.
8. C. spiculis lanceolatis subgloboso-capitatis compactis,
valvulis ovatis uuinervibus, involucra umbella lon_
vegetus.
giore. Vahl. enum. pl. 2. p. 326. WiUd. sp. pl. 1.
p.283.
C. compressus. Jacq. hort. vind. 3. t. 12.
C. glomeratus. Walt.fl car. 70.
C. Eragrosi:is. Lam. illustr. I. p. 146.
C. declinatus. Mamch.
C. monandrus. Roth. catalcet. 1. p. 3.
Icon. Jacq. I. c.
On the borders of ponds, frequent. '4. July, Aug. v. v.
g. C. spiculis ovato-lanceolatis capitatis, involucro subhexaphyllo
longissimo margine scabro. Vahl. enum. pl. 2.
formosus.
P·3·'7·
In Louisiana. Jussieu. J.j.. +.
10. C. spiculis linearibus globoso-capitatis patentlsslmls, jilieulmis.
umbella subuniradiata, involucris triphyllis c111misque
setaceis. Va!!l. enum. ftl. 2. p. 328.
In Carolina. FaM. J.j.. +.
E2
51

54
canadense.
acicularis.
pusillus.
palustris.
tuberculosus.
filijormis.
ovatus.
TRIANDRIA. MONOGYNIA. Dulichium.
Bchrenus angustifolius. Pahl. enum. pl. 2. p. 225.
Scirpus spathaceus. Mich.,fl. a'1ller.l. p. 32.
Icon. Pluk. aZm. t. 301.1 1.
In swamps and bogs from Canada to Florid::}. l/.. July,
Aug. V.v.
2. D. racemis simplicibus pedunculatis, spiculis paucis
erectis subdecemfloris. Pers. I. c.
In Canada and New York, in similar situations, rare.
1/.. Aug. v. v. Lower growth and shorter leaves
than No.1.
58. SClRPUS. Gen. pl. 94.
* Culmo monostachyo.
1. S. spiea ovata, sqllamis duabus infimis majoribus, cuI·
mis tetragonis setaceis, vaginis muticis. Yahl. enum.
pt. 2. p, 245. Willd. sp. pl. I. p. 295.
Jcon. Pluk. atm. t, 40.1.7. Host. gmm. 3. t. 60.
In shallow ponds and pools" under water, common. l/..
July, Aug. v. v.
2. S. s?ica oblonga aCllta (pauciflora): squamis linearibus
acut is, culm is angulatis capillarfuus. Vahl. enum. pl. 2.
p.246.
S. capiIJari

'l'RIANDRIA MONOGYNIA. Scirpus. 55
S. compressus. . Mrench. meth. 394.
Icon. Moris. hist.3. s. 8. t. 10. f 34. Host. gmm. 3.
t. 56.
Near ponds and ditches: Pensylvania. 1/.. July. V.I'.
7. S. spica subglobosa, cl1lmis sulcato-angulatis setaceis, capitatus.
vaginis muticis, spica subglobosa. Vahl. enum. pl. 2.
p. 250. Willd. sp. pl. 1. p. 294.
Icon. Rottb. gram. t. 15.f 3.
In small ponds, very common.1/.. Aug. v. v.
s. S. spica ovato-oblonga, squamis ovato-subrotundis, cul- geniculatus.
mis teretibus approximate interstinctis. Vahl. enum.
pl. 2. p. 250. Willi. sp. pl. 1. p. 291.
Icon. Sloan. hist. 1. t. 83.f. 3.
On the sea-shore of Virginia and Carolina.1/.. July.
v. v.
g. S. spica cylindrica, squamis oblongo-subrotundis, cul- qlladrangulamis
tetragonis. Vahl. enum. pl. 2. p. 252. Mich.fi. tus.
amer. 1. p. 30.
In Carolina. Michaux. 2f.. +.
** Culmo polystachyo: spicis lateraliblls.
10. S. spicis ovatis acutis subsolitariis, culmis foliisque capillaribus
curvatis. Vahl. enum. pl. 2. p. 253.
Icon. Pluk. alm. t. 300.f. 5. Roltb. gram. t. 15.]. 4.
S. setaceus.
In wet sandy fields and near ponds: Virginia to Carolina.
1/.. July. v. v.
11. S. spicis .brevi-ovatis conglomerato-sessilibus, squamis
subrotundis membranaceis, culmis striatis.
In wet meadows: Pensylvania. 1/.. July, Aug. v. v.
Culmi teretes, striati, pedales et ultra. Spicula! 4-6.
crassre. Squamis latis, acutiusculis. Setula! semine
duplo longiores. Affinis S. setaceo.
12. S. aphyllus, spicis oblongis, squamis integerrimis mucronato-acuminatis,
culmo triquetro. Vahl. enum.
pl. 2. p. 256. Willd. sp. pl. 1. p. 303.
Icon. Host. gram. 3. t. 66.
In swamps and salt-marshes: Canada to Carolina.1/..
Aug. v. v.
u* Culmo polystachyo: spicis terminalibus.
13. S. aphyllu5, spicis oblongis, squamis glabris mucronu-
minimus.
debilis.
mucronatus.
faeustris.

TRIANDRIA MONOGYNIA. Scirpus.
gatis, culmo trigono. Vahl. _enum. pl. 2. p. 273.
Mich . .fl. amer. J. p. 32.
Trichophol'llm linealum. Pel's. ench. 1. p. 69.
In sandy wet woods: New Jersey to Carolina. J.t .July.
v. v. The seeds are naked, consequently it is no Trichophorum.
21. S. spicis capitulisque subglobosis glomeratis, corymbo f)olyphyllus.
terminali, culmo folioso. Vahl. enum pl. 2. p. 274.
Schrenus cymosus. lVilld. sp. pl. I. p. 265 ?
In shady wOCJds: Virginia ami Carolina. J.t. July. v. v.
22. S. spicis ovatis, umbella biradiata, culmo capiUaTi. capillaris.
Vahl. mum. pl. 2. p. 2i6. Limz. manto 321.
S. pusillus autumnalis, &c. Gron.fl. virgo 11.
In Virginia. J.t. July. V. s. in Herb. Gronov.
23. S. spicis oblongis 3cutis, involucro diphyllo umbella autumna.lis.
cornposita breviore, culmo ancipiti, tolii, linearibus.
lVitld. sp. pi. 1. p. 301. acZ. ,Iyn. Rottboellii.
S. foliosus pusillus aulumnaJis, &c. GTon.fl. virgo 10.
S. mucronulatlls. Jldich.fl am"r. 1. p. 32.
In sandy wet fields: New Jersey to Carolina. 2f.. Aug.
v. V. i V. s. in Herb. Gronop.
59. TRICHOPHORUM. Pel's. end. 1. p. 69.
1. T. culmo triquetra folioso, panicula decomposita, spi- cyper£num.
culis confertis ovatis. Pers. I. C.
Scirpus Eriophorum. Mich.fl. amer. 1. p. 33.
Eriophorum cyperinl1m. WiUd. sp. pl. 1. p. 313.
Icon. Plun. manto t. 419.f. 3.
In ditches and near ponds, from Caqada to Carolina.
J.t. July, Aug. v. v. Very tall.
2. T. clllmo triquetro nudo, foliis canaliculato-setaceis, alpinum.
spica simplici.
Eriophorum hudsonianum. Mich.fl. amer. 1. p. 3"1-
In bogs on the mountains of Pen,;ylvania, Vermont, &c.
1/.. Aug. v, v.
60. ERIOPHORUM. Gen. pl. 95.
1, E. culmis superne trigon is, spica oblonga unica, squamis cespitosum.
scariosis. Host. gram. 1. p. 33.
Icon. Host. I. c. t. 39.
Op high mountain meadows: Canada to Virginia. 1/..
'PIle, July. V. V.
57

58 TRIANDRIA MONOGYNIA. Eriophorum.
polystachium. 2. E. culmis foliosis teretibus, foliis planis, spicis pedun.
culatis, seminibus ovatis. Rotlt. neue bey/r. 1. p. 94.
Willd. sp. pl.!. p. 312.
Icon. Host. gram. 1. t. 37. Engl. bot. 563.
In bog-meadows; common.1/.. May. v. v.
angustijoli_ g. E. culmis foliosis teretibus, foliis canaliculato-triquetris,
urn. srids pedunculatis, seminibus ovatis. Roth. neue
beytr. 1. p. 94. Willd. sp. pl. 1. p. 313.
Icon. Engl. bot. 564.
In mountain meadows, frequent. 1/.. May. v. v.
viTginicum. 4. E. culmo tereti folios(l, foliis planis, spids congestis
subsessilibus involucra brevioribus. Fah!. enum. pl. 2.
P.390. WiLld. sp. pl. 1. p. 313.
Richardi.
squarrosa.
Icon. Pluk. alm. t. 299.f 4.
Common in bog-meadows, frilln Canada to Georgia.
1/.. April, May. v. v.
61. V AGINARIA. PeTs. ench. 1. p. 70.
1. V. culmo aphyllo vaginato, spica ovata subsolitaria,
squamis lanceolato-spathulatis. Pers. I. c.
Fuirena scirpoidea. Mich.jl. amer. 1. p. 3S.
Icon. Mich. I. c. t. 7.
In overflowed fields; Georgia to Florida.1/.. v. s.
62. FUIRENA. Gen. pl. 90.
1. T. umbellis simplicibus, spiculi" ovatis, culmo glabro,
foliis cilia tis, vaginis pilosis. Vahl. enum. pl. 2. p. 3S5.
Mieh.jl. amer. 1. p. 37.
In bog-meadows; New Jersey, Carolina, &c. 1/.. Ju\y.
v. v. A very handsome little grass.
63. MARISCUS. Vahl. enum. pl. 2. p. 372.
ovularis. 1. M .• picis ovali.subratundis, involucris polypbyllis. VakZ.
en1l7n. pl. 2. p. 374.
Schrenus umbellatus. Jaeq. collect. 1. p. 113.
Kyllingia ovularis. Mich. jl. amer. 1. p. 29.
Icon. Pluk. aIm. t. 91.f 4. Jaeq. ie. rar. 1. t. 1O?
In sandy wet places; Georgia and Carolina.1/.. v. s.
retnj'ractus. 2. M. spicis retrorsum subimbricatis, spiculis subulatis retrafractis,
involuero triphyllo. Vahl. enum. pl. 2.
P·375.

TRIANDRJA DIGYNIA. Milium.
it on the spot where I first found it; not being aware
of its curiosity, until I examined the dried specimens.
73. AGROSTIS. Gen. pl. Ill. Bent-grass.
'"' Aristatm.
1. A. pelalo exteriore arista recta stricta longissima, pan i- Spica venti.
cula patula. Willd. sp. pl. 1. p. 361.
Icon. Host. gram. 3. t.47. Engl. bot. 951.
In rye-fields in Pensylvania and Virginia; brought there
by seed, of grain fl:om Europe. 0. June, July. v. v.
2. A. paniculre simplicissimre ramis adpressis, corollis aris- tenuijlora.
tatis, arista fiore longioribus. Willd. sp. pl. 1.
p.364.
On the banks of rivers: Virginia and Carolina. 1/..
July. v. v.
3. A. paniculre ramis unifloris filiformibus, corollis aristatis paucijlora.
calyce inrequali duplo longioribus hirsutis vaginis vUlosis.
On high mountains in Virginia and Carolina. 2.f.. July.
v. v.
Culm us sesquipedalis, glaber. Folia longissime-linearia,
villosa, nervosa. Vagina! striatre, viliosre. Ligula
brevis. Panicula simpJicissima, ramis elongatis unifloris.
Cal. val vis inrequalibus, villosis, brevi-aristatis.
Cor. oblonga, villosa, calycis valvula in teriore
duplo longior, brevi·aristata.
4. A. panicuJa elongata stricta, corollis calyce minoribus: stricta.
arista e basi petaJi tortili fiore longiore. W illd. sp.
pl. J. p. 366.
In good meadow grounds, very frequent.1/.. June,
July. v. v.
5. A calycibus elongatis, petaJorum arista dorsaJi recurva, camna.
culmis prostratis subramosis. Wi lid. sp. pl. 1. p. 367.
Icon. Fi. dan. 161.
In wet meadows, frequent. Brought from Europe.
1/.. July. v. v.
iI"A' ll:!uticte.
6. A. panicuJa patente, ramulis divaricatis capil1aribus, ca- vulgaris.
Iycibus requalibus, petaIo interiore duplo breviore retUBO.
Smith. fl. brito 1. p 79.
A. hi;pida. Willd. sp. pl. 1. p. 370.
A. capiUaris. Retz. scand. no. 9$.
63

TRIANDRIA DIGYNIA. Agrostis.
joribus basi barbatis, foliis planis brevibus. Mich fl.
amer. 1. p. 53.
In ricb soil on tbe edges of woods, from New York to
Florida, especially in the western countries.1/.. June,
july. v. v. Apparently a grass worth the attention
of the cultivator.
15. A. racemo oblongo, e spicis densifloris interrupto, glumre
exterioris valvis in mucronem aristiformem desinentibus,
gluma interiore mutica longioribus. Mich. fl.
amer. 1. p. 53.
On the overflowed banks of the river Mississippi. +.
74. ANTHOXANTHUM. Gen. pl. 58.
1. A. spica oblonga ovata, Bosculis subpedunculatis arista
longioribus. Willd. sp. pl. I. p. 156.
Icon. Hust. gram. 1. t. 5. Fl. dan. 666. Engl. bot. 647.
Common in meadows; probably brought with grass
seeds from Europe.1/.. May-July. v. v.
75. PHALARIS. Gen. pl. 106.
65
racemosa.
odoratum.
1. P. panicula oblonga ventricosa coarctata, glumis acumi- arundinacea.
natis. Pers. ench. 1. p. 78. lVilld. sp. pl. 1. p. 326.
Arando colorata. Ait. kew. ed. 2. 1. p. 174.
Icon. Host. gram. 2. t. 33. Engl. bot. 402.
On river banks, frequent; Canada to Virginia. ¥. July,
Aug. V. v.
2. P. panicula multiflora stricta, floribus ova tis villosis. villosa.
Mich. fl. amer. 1. p. 43.
In woods of Carolina. Michaux. +.
76. PHLEUM. Gen. pl. 128. Timothy.grass.
1. P. spica cylindrica longissima ciliata, culmo erecto.
Willd. sp. pl. 1. p. 354.
Icon. Host. gram. 3. t. 9.
In fields and meadows, common. ¥. rJ. June-Sept.
v. v.
77. ALOPECURUS. Gen. pl. 102.
1. A. culmo erecto, glumis villosis, corollis muticis. lrilld.
JP. pl. 1. p. 357.
Icon. Host. gram. 2. f. 31. Engl. bot. 759.
In fields and gardens, frequent, introduced from Europe.
2/.. May-Aug. '11.'11.
VOL. I. F
prateme.
pratensis.

52
Eragrostis.
canadensis.
Vlrens.
latifolia.
paniculata.
gracilis.
TRIANDRIA DIGYNIA. Poa.
ginia, and on tbe hanks of the Mississippi. 0. july.
v. v. This is the most delicate grass in North Arne·
nca.
94. BRIZA. Gen. pi. 115.
1. B. spiculis ovali.lanceolatis vigintitioris, floribus subacu.
tis, colla vaginarum piloso, culmo geniculato decllm·
bente. Mich. fl. arner. 1. p. 72. Willd. sp. pt.!.
p.405.
B. caroliniana. Walt. fl. car. 79.
Icon. Schreb. gram. 2. t. 39. .
In wet fields and swamps: Virginia to Carolina. 0.June.
v. v.
2. B. panicula laxa, spiculis erectis 4-1O-f1oris, gluma
communi parvula, :fiorum valva exteriore acuta ovala,
foliis longis, culmo erecto . .. Mich.fl. amer. J.p. 71.
In Canada. Michaux. +.
3. B. spiculis ovatis, calyce flosculis (7) a:quali, pedun.
lis longis. Walt.fl. car. 79.
In Carolina. Walter. +.
95. UNIOLA. Gen. pl. 116.
1. U. panicula laxa, spiculis omnibus lange pedicellatis,
calyce trivalvi, floribus monandris subfalcatis carina
pilosis, foliis latis planis. Mich.fl. amer. 1. p. 70.
On the Allegany mountains, in shady woods, among
rocks. 2t. June. v. v. A very handsome grass.
2. U. panicula longa, spiculis subsessilihus, calyce multi·
val vi, floribus triandris carina glabris, foliis convo·
lutis, culmo altissimo.-W'illd. sp pl. 1. p. 406.
U. maritima. Mich.fl. amer. 1. p. 71.
Icon. Catesb. car.!. t. 32. Pluk. aIm. t. 32.J. 6.
On sandy sea· shores : Virginia to Florida. 2t. June,
July. v. v.
3. U. panicula longissima subspicata, ramis brevibus ad.
pressis, spiculis subsessilibus, floribus monandris di·
varicatis acuminatis glabris, calyce trivah'i, foJiis pIa·
niusculis, vaginis culmoque glabris compressili.-Mich.
fl. amer. 1. p. 71.
U. virgata. BartTUm. in Herb. Banks.
Holeus laxus. WilLd. sp. pl. 4. p. 934.
In shady rocky situations: Virginia ta Georgia. ¥. July.
v. v.

)
TETRANDIUA MONOGYNIA. 97
118. ALLIONIA. Gen. pl. 151.
1. A. caule erecto, foliis lato-cordatis acutis, glabris, pe- nyctaginea.
dunculis solitariis, calycibns fructiferis sub-hirsutis,
involucro ampliato multo minoribus.-Mich. fl.
amer. 1. p. 100.
On the banks of the river Tennassee and its hranches.
'll.. July, .Aug. v. v. Resembles Mirauilis Jalapa
very much.
2. A. caule diffuso, foliis lanceolatis scabriuscnlis ciliatis, albida.
pedunculis solitariis, involucro subpentaphyllo: foliolis
ovatis reticlllato-venosis.-lValt.fl. car. 84.
In Lower Caroiina. Walter. 0. July. v. s. in' Herb.
'Falter.
3. A. caule diffuso dichotomo, foliis ovatis scabrillsculis (lvata.
nndis, floribus terminalibus fasciculato-racemosis, involucro
semiquinquefido: laciniis subrotundis acutiusculis
reticulato-venosis.
On the plains of the Missouri. ]It!. Lewis. 0. Aug.
v. s. in Herb. Lewis.
119. LycmM. Gen. pl. 343.
1. L. inerme; foliis anguste spathulato-oblongis. Mich.
fl. amer. 1. p. 95. Walt. fl, car. 84.
L. salsum. Bartr. lmv. 59.
In salt marshes of Carolina and Georgia. 12. July. v. v.
Flowers purple, the size of L. uaruarum.
120. CALLICARPA. Gen. pi. 175.
car·olillianum.
1. C. foHis ovalibus serra tis subtus tomentosis, cymis sessili. americana.
bus.- Willd. sp. pl. 1. p.61g.
Icon. Catesb. car. 2. t.47. Pluk. alm. t. 136.f. 3.
In dry gravelly soil, below the mountains in Virginia and
Carolina. 12 • June, July. v. v. Flowers red, in
small axillary bunches; berries red, apparently in a
whorl round the branches, liang on very long.
121.CENTUNCULUS. Gen. pl. 18g.
1. C. foHis deorsnm angt;lstatis : inferioribus ovalibus, suo lanceolatus.
perioribus lanceolatis, laciniis calyci5 sublllatis, callIe
simplici.-Mich. fl. amer. 1. p. 193.
In wet barren fields: Lower Carolina. s.c·. 0. May.
VOl.. 1. H

data.
major.
CII culla t a.
lanceolata.
virginica.
caroliniana.
TETRANDRIA MONOG YNIA. Centunculu5.
v. s. in Herb. Nuttall. A very small inconspicllolls
plant with axillary reddish flowers. The specimens
of Mr. Nuttall's were c011ected on the Missouri, they
are about four inches high: and according to his ob-
5,ervations, very obligingly communicated to me, thii
species is generally pentandrous.
122. PLANTAGO. Gen. pl. 186.
1. P. foliis ovatis cordatis latissimis subdentatis glabris, spica
longissima, floribus subimbricatis, inferioribus sparsis,
bracteis ova tis obtusis.-Lam. encycl. 5. p. 369.
P. kentuckensis. Mich.}l. amer. 1. p. 94.
P. canadensis. Hart. par.
On river sides: Canada, Kentucky, Tennassee, and
other western parts.1/-. June-Aug. v. v.
2. P. foliis 'ova tis subdentatis glabriusculis, scapo tereti,
spica oblonga imbricata. Lam. encycl. 5. p. 368.
WiLld. sp. pl. 1. p. 641.
Icon. Engl. bot. 1558. Fl. dan. 461.
In fields and on road sides, common.1/-. May-Sept.
v.v.
3. P. foliis ovatis concavo-cucullatis novemnerviis subtus
pubescentibus, spica cylindrica imbricata, scapo tereti
alto. Lam. eneycl. 5. p. 370.
P. maxima. Jaeq. ie. 1. t. 26. lV-illd. sp. pl. 1. p. 642.
Icon. Jaeq. t. e.
In wet rocky situations: Canada and Province of Main.
1/-. July, Aug. v. v.
4. P. foliis lanceolatis villosis, spica brevi cylindrica, braeteis
ovatis acnminatis, scapo angulato adpresso piloso.
p, lanceolata. Willd. sp. pl. I. p. 643 ?
In fields and pastures, common.1/-. June-Aug. v. v.
May be a new species. P. Lanceolata of Europe, according
to the specimens examined in the Herbarium
of A. B, Lambert, Esq. is uracteis oblongis acutis.
5. P. undique canescenti-pubescens; foliis lanceolato-ovatis
subdenticulatis, floribus remotis, scapo angulato.
Willd. sp.pl. 1. p. 643.
Icon. Moris. hist. 3. s. 8. t. 15. J. 8.
In dry barren fields, common: New England to Florida.
0· 6'. May-Aug. v. v. There are a number of
varieties in respect to size and pubescence.
6. P. nndique glabra; foliis lanceoJatis integerrimis longisJ
floribus remotis, caule tereti.--1Valt.fl. car. 85.

100
unifior •.
.rstivalis.
autumnalis.
pulckellum.
eorniculata.
T!rTRAN'DllIA MONO&YNU. Cent!lurella.
longioribus, style germine longiore. Mich.ft. amer. 1.
p.g8.
Icon. Mich.l. c. t. 12. f 2.
(j. C. pusilla, caule unifloro.
In mossy swamps: Virginia to Georgia. 0. May-July.
v. v. Var. f3 v. s. in Herb. Lyon. About five incbei
high; the flowers white, and larger than the rest. Tb.
variety f3 may be a distinct species?
2. C. caule simplici, pedunculis oppositis simplicibus, laci·
niis corollre spathulatis abtupte acutis calyce triplo
longioribus, slylo longitudine germinis.
In mossy swamps: Carolina to Georgia. 0. June-Aug.
v. s. in Herb. Enslen. From two to four inches high i
flowers smaller than No.1; the calyx very short.
3. C. caule subramoso, pedunculis oppositis, inferioribui
ramosis, laciniis corollre ovalibus acutis calyce vix longioribus,
stylo brevissimo.
C. paniculata. Mich. fl. arner. 1. p. g8.
Bartonia tenella. M71hlb. in litt.
Sagina virginica. Wil/d. sp. pl. 1. p. 7 J g.
Icon. Mich. l. c. t. 12. f I.
In mossy swamps, in inundated grassy places: New
England to Carolina, common. 0. July-Sept. v.v.;
v. s. in Herb. Gronov. sub nomine Sagina eaule ereeto
suhnudo, florihus oppositis. Saginre affinis planta mi.
nima, florihus alhis. Clayt. MSS.649. About a foot
high, sometimes quite simple and very small; flowers
smail, greenish-white.
125. EXACUM. Gen. pl. 185.
}. E. corollis quadrifidis, calycibus quadripartitis: lacinii;
subulatis, panicula corymbosa, pedunculis·filiformiblls.
Near the sea-coast of New Jersey; rare. 0. Aug. v.v.
Flowers rose-coloured; resembling E..filiJorme veiY
much.
126. SWERTIA. Gen. pl. 449.
1. S. corollis campanulatis corniculatis: cornibus deflexis,
foliis ovatis, ramis brevibus.
S corriiculata. Willd. sp. pl. L p. 1330 ?
In swamps of Canada and round tbe lakes of the western
part of the United States. ;;. July. v. v. Flow,ers
greenish yellow. _The Siberian plant ditfera from the

102
glomerata.
, Brownei.
latiJolium.
uniflarum.
tinetorium.
TETItANDllIA MONOGYNIA.
129. OLDENLANDIA. Gen. pl. 205.
1. O. procumbens; foJiis lanceolato-ovatis, floribus axillaribus
terminalibllsque conglobatis pedicellatis, germi.
nibus hispidis. Mich. fl. amer. 1. p. 83.
O. uniflora. Willd. sp. pl. 1. p. 675.
Hedyotis auricularia. Walt.fl. car. 85.
Hedyotis uniflora. Lam. illustr. I. p. 271.
On sandy wet fields: New Jersey to Carolina; 0. May
-July. v. v. A small creeping plant; flowers greenish-white.
-
130. RUBIA. Gen. pl. 164. Madder.
1. R. hispida; foliis quaternis ovaliblls, pedunculis solitariis
unifloris, caule decumbente. Mich.fl. amer. 1. p. 81.
R. subhil'snta scandens vel reclinata, foliis cruciatis, floribt:,s
singularibus ad alas. Brown.jam. p. 141.
R. peregrina. lflldt. fl. car. 86.
Valantia hypocarpa. Linn.
In shady woods: Carolina and Florida. ¥. +. Flowers
yellow; berries purple, smooth.
131. GALJUM .. Gen. pl. 162.
* Fruclll glabro.
1. G. caulibus erectis L:evibus, foliis quaternis ovatis acutis
trinervibus: margine nervisrJue hispidis, pedunculis
oppositis lateralihus terminalibusque dichotomis divaricatis
laxe multifloris.-Mich.fl. amer. 1. p. 79.
In dry slaty mountains of Virginia and Carolina.1/..
June, July. v. v.' Leaves broad j flowers purple. It
generally has but one seed.
2. G. caulibus flaccidis lix:vibus, follis quaternis linearibus
acutis glauris, pedunculis axillaribus solitariis unifloris
brevissimis.-Mich·fl· arner. 1. p. 79.
In Carolina. Michaux. +. Flowers white.
3. G. caulibus diffusis l:r.viusculis, foliis caulinis senis, rameis
quaternis linearibus acutiusculis, margine nervoque
tenui,sime aculeatis, pedunculis terminaJibus
elongatis plerumque trifloris.--Willd. 'sp. pl. 1. p. 586.
In wet woods and along hedges: Canada _ to Virginia.
. 1/.. June-Aug. v. v. Flowers white. This is the
• plant with which the Indians of North America dye

TETRANDRIA MONOGYNIA. I"udwigia. 111
6. L. erecta, glabra; foliis aHernis lato-linearibus acutis eapitata.
basi rotundatis, capitulis spicatis termil1alibus, pelaiis
calyce brevioribns, capsuiis subglobosis coron;Jlis, laciniis
calycinis dilatatis brevibus. lvlich.fl. amer. I.
p. gO.
L. sufiruticosa. Walt. fl. car. gO.
In swamps of North and South Carolina. 1/.. July­
Sept. v. v. The root is creeping; infertile branche;
have short obovate leaves; flowers small, yellow.
7. L. repel1S, pubescel1s; foi iis oppositis lineari-la:lceolatis pedunculosa.
glabris, peduncnlis axil!aribus nnifloris longissimis,
capsuJis clavato-oblongis corona tis , laciniis calycinis
lanceolatis. lItlich.Ji. amer. 1. p. 88.
'L. arcuala. Walt. fl. car, 89.
In swamps near the sea-coast: Virginia to South C3rolilla.
1/.. May-july. v. s. A small plant; flowers
large, yellow.
** Apetala!.
8. L. repens, lucida; foliis oppositis ovato-lanceolatis !lelialatis,
floribus axillaribus solitariis sessilibus, capsl.llis
subovatis brevi-corona tis. lUick.fl. amer. 1. p. 87.
L. apetala. IVall.fl. car. 89.
L. repens. Swart'X.fl. ind.occid. 1. p. 273.
Isnardia palustris. Willd. sp. pl. 1. p. 680.
Icon. Lam. encycl. 3. t. 77.
In ditches and ponds, common: Canada to Georgia.
1/.. 8. May-Sept. v. v. Floating in the water;
flowers exceeding small, frequently with rudiments
of petals.
nitida.
g. L. procumbens, glaberrima; foliis alternis spathu!ato- glandulosa.
obovalibus superne glandl.lloso-marginalis; floribus
sessilibuii axillal'lbus solitariis, capsulis minimis coronatis,
laciniis calycinis rotundis acuminatis. lPalt.
fl, car. 88.
L. microcarpa. 11dich.fl. amer. 1. p. 88.
In swamps of Lower Carolina. Michaux. 1/.. July. v. s.
Flowers small; leaves acuminate, small.
10. L, erecta, ramosa, pubescens; foliis alternis lanceolato- mollis.
oblongis, floribus sessilibus alternis superioribus congestis,
capsulis subrotl1ndis. .Mich. fl. amer. I. p. gO.
L. rudis. Walt.,fl. car. 8g.
In swamps of Lower Carolil13. Michaux. July. +.

112
Glpina.
Aphanes.
cylindrica.
lalerif/,ora.
'JIumilfl.
TETlI.ANDRIA MONOGY.llIA.
139. ALCHEMILLA. Gen. pl. 222. Ladies-mantle,
]. A. foliis digitatis apice dentatis sericeis. Willd. sp. pl.!.
p.698•
Icon. Fl. dan. 49. Engl. hot. 244.
On the peaks of high mountains in Vermont and New
Hampshire.1/.. June, July. v. s. Whether the
American species is the trut! A. alpina or not, I am
not able to determine, as I am at present in want of
specimens to compare them; but the plate in the Flora
Datlica represents the American plant fully, as far as
recollection can decide.
2. A. foliis tripartitis, laciniis trifidis pubescentibns, floriblll
axillaribus glomera tis monandris. Willd. sp. pl.!.
p.699·
Aphanes arvemis. Linn. sp. pl. 179.
Icon. Engl. hot. 1011. Fl. dan. 973. Lam. illustr. 1.
t. 87.
In fields of Virginia. Clayton.

TETl\ANDRIA MONOG'lNIA. Urtica.
1n shady woods among rocks: Canada to Carolina. 0.
July. v. v. Smooth and shining; very variable in
size.
2. U. foHis oppositis ellipticis subquinquenervihus argute
serratis, spicis glomeratis geminatis. WiUd. sp. pl. 4.
p.352.
Icon. Fl. dan. j3g. Engl. hot. 1236.
In cultivated grounds: Canada to Virginia; rare. 0.
May-July. v. v. Probably introduced from Europe.
3. U. foliis oppositis cordatis ovato-Ianceolatis grosse serratis,
ftoribus dioicis, spicis paniculatis glomeratis geminatis
petiolo longioribus. WiLLd. sp. pl. 4. p. 352.
Icon. Fl. dan. 746.
On road sides and in waste places, frequent: Canada to
Carolina. 1t. June-Aug .. v. v.
4. U. foliis oppositis corda tis ovato-lanceolatis serratis, petiolis
ciliatis, ftoribus dioicis, spicis subramosis glomeratis
geminis petiolum subrequantibus. WiUd. sp.
pl. 4. p. 353.
U. gracilis. Ail. kew. 3. p. 341 ?
On water sides in rocky situations: Canada to Pensylvania.
1t. July, Aug. v. v. The specimen of Drtica
gracilis in the Herbarium of A. B. Lambert, Esq.
agrees in every respect wi th tbe presem species.
5. U. foliis oppositis subsessilibm ova tis serratis subtus strigosis,
glomerulis axillaribus sessilibus subglobosis reo
ftexis, caule stimuloso.
On the islands of Georgia: St. Simon's, &c. 0. May.
v. s. in Herh. Lyon. The leaves are small: the stings
white and very conspicuoU3.
/5. U. foliis alternis cordato-ovatis acuminatis serra tis trinervi
bus petiolo duplo longioribus, glomerulis spicatis,
spicis solitariis folio brevioribus, superne foliosis,
caule nudo.-Willd. sp. pl. 4. p. 363.
In shady woods, near rocks; Can3da to Carolina. 1t .
June, July. v. v. Resembles U. dioica.
j. U. foliis alternis ovatis acuminatis serratis, glabriuscuJis,
flCtiolis longis ciliatis, paniculis axilJaribus solitariis
divaricato-ramosissimis petiolo longioribus, caule sti­
IDuloso.--Willd. sp. pl. 4. p. 365 ?
In shady woods, in rocky situations: Canada to Carolina.
2+. July, Aug. v. v. This species is very near
to the following, but is sufficiently distinct in the
VOL. I, 1
lUI
'Urenl.
dioica.
procertl..
chama!droie
-des.
capitala,
divarical«.

116
macrophy!la.
Itmericana.
canadensis.
media.
TETIUNDRJA DIGYNIA.
148. HAMAMELIS. Gen, pl. 226. Witch-hazel.
1. H. foliis obovatis acute dentatis sinu parvo cordatis.­
WiUd. sp. pL. 1. p. 701.
Icon. Cates/;. car. 3. t. 2. Duham. ar/;. 1. t. 114.
'In stony and dry situations, but frequently near water:
Canada to Florida. f.? Octob.-Feb. v. v. This
singular shrub, which grows about ten or twelve feet
high, begins to show its yellow flowers in autumn,
when all others have dropt their fruit, continues to
flower all winter, and forms its fruit the spring following.
2. H. foliis suborbiculatis cordatis grosse obtuse-dentatis
subtus scabro-punctatis. ,
On river sides in the western part of Georgia. J. Lyon.
f.? v. s. in Herh. Lyon. The large leaves punctated
on their lower side, with rough tubercles and other
marks, give sufficient reasons to consider it a distinct
species: besides this, it is very probable that under
H. virginica are two distinct species, as the northern
plant seems to differ very much from the southern in
its ou.tside appearance.
149· CUSCUTA. Gen. pl. 227. Dodder.
I. C. floribus pedunculatis urn bella tis quinquefidis. Willd.
sp. pI. 1. p. 702.
Icon. Sloan. hist. 1. t. 128.f. 4.
Parasitic in hedges and on other plants, in moist situations.
0 . July. v. v. Twining round other plants; leafless;
fl0wers in clusters; the whole plant has a reddish.
yellow appearance.
150. SANGUISORBA. Gen. pl. 190.
1. S. spicis cylindricis longissimis> staminibus corolla multoties
longioribus. Willd. enum. pl. (5 sp. pl. 1. p. 654.
Icon. Corn. canad. t.174. '
In wet meadows: Canada to New York.1/.. Jnly, Aug.
v. v. Flowers in very long white spikes; leaves resembling
Burnet.
2. S. spicis cylindricis, starninibus corolla longioribus. Willd.
enum. pl. (5 sp. pl. 1. p. 654.
In wet meadows, principally on the mountains: Canada
to Carolina.1/.. July, Aug. v. v. The spikes shorter,
and tinged with red. . .

TETRANDRIA TETRAGYNIA. Potamogeton.
In ponds and rivers on sandy soil: New Jersey to Carolina.
J.J.. July, Aug. v. v. Leaves larger than any of
the other sorts; spike greenish brown.
7. P. foliis alternis oppositisve lanceoJato.ellipticis undulatis
serratis, spicis paucifioris.-Willd. sp. pl. 1. p. 714.
crispum.
Icon.· Fl. dan. 927. Curt. lond. 5. t. 15.
In rivers and ponds: Canada to Virginia.1/.. June,
July. v. v. Spikes greenish red, small.
S. P. foliosum; foliis sessilibus angusto·linearibus pJanis, pauciflorwn.
spicis capitatim subquadrifloris.,
P. gramineum. Mich.fl. amer. 1. p. 102.
In rivers near the sea·coast of Lower Carolina.1/..
9., P. foliis prrelongo·setaceis approximatis distich is basi vaginalltibus,
spicis termillalibus interrupt:s verticillatis,
fructibus ovatis turgidis.-Smithfl. vrit. 1. p. 197.
P. marinum. Mich .ft. amer. 1. p. 102.
In ponds and slow-flowing waters: Canada to Pensylva­
pectinatum.
nia. 1/.. July. v. V. Only the spikes appear abovQ
water; flowers seldom.
155. RUPPIA. Gen. pt. 235.
l. Ruppia. Willd. sp. pl. 1. p. il7. maritima.
leon. Engl. hot. 136. Mich. gen. 35. Fl. dan. 364.
On the mouth of most rivers in North America.1/.. v, v.
121

125
PENTANDRU.
* Flores incompleli.
216. GLAUX. Cal. inferus, l.phyllus, coloratus, 5-]obu,.
Caps. l-locularis, 5-valvis, 5-sperma, calyce cincta.
217. ANYCHIA. Cal. inferus, connivens,5-partitus!"
laciniis ablongis, apice subsaccatis. Stigm. 2. Utriculus
l-spermus.
Z18. THESIUM. Cal. superus, staminifer. Sem.1. coronatum.
ZJg. NYSSA. Cal. superus, 5-partitus. Drupa. Mas.
Starn. 10. Polygama.
220. HAMILTONIA. Cat. superus, 5-fidus. Nee!. dit.
cus 5· dentatus. Drupa. Dioica.
II. DIGYNIA.
'* Flores mOT/opetali, inJeri.
221. ECHITES. Folliculi 2. longi, recti.
Cor. infundibuliformis, fauce nuda.
ventes in conum.
Sem. pappos!.
Anther. conni-
222. GONOLOBUS. Fol/iculi 2. utplurimum costati seu
angulati. Sem. papposa. Cor. ratata, profunde 5.
partita. Appendix brevissima, inclusa. Styl. discoideo
5-gonus.
223. APOCYNUM. Folliculi 2. longi, lineares. SefIt.
papposa. Cor. campanulata. Filamenta 5. cum sta·
minibus alterna. Styl. subnullus. Stigm. Iatum.
224. ASCLEPIAS. Folliculi 2. Sem. papposa. Cor. rotata,
plerumque refiexa. Nectar. 5. ovata, concava,
corniculum exserentia. Anther. corn ere, longitudi.
naHter dehiscentes.
225. AMSONIA. Folliculi 2. Sem. nuda, teretia, ob·
lique truncata. Cor. infundibuliformis fance c1ausa.
226. GELSEMINUM. Caps. 2-locularis, 2-valvis, compresso-plana.
Sem. plana, valvulamm marginibus
annexa. Cor. infundibulifoimis, limbo patente, sub·
requali. Cal.5.dentatus. •
227· GENTIANA. Cops. l-locularis, 2-valvis. Reeep.
taculis 2. longitudinalibus. Cor. I-petala, indetet·
minata.
22S. HYDROLEA. Caps. 2-1ocularis, 2-valvis. Cor.
ratata. Filam. basi cordata. Stigm. capitato.peltat •.
Cal. 5·phylllli.

130
vulgare.
indicum.
virginica.
PENTA NDRIA.
274. SI3BALDIA. Cal. inferus, lO-fidus. Pet. 5. calyei
inserta. Styli e latere germinis, Sem. 5.
275. STATICE. Cal. inferus, I-phyllus, tubulosus, pli.
catus, 10.dentatus. Cor. I-petala, hypocraierifor'.
mis, 5-fida. Caps. :t,-locularis, basi 5-valvis. Scm. 1.
teres.
VI. POLYGYNIA.
270. ZANTHORHIZA. Cal. o. p,t. 5. Nectar. 5. pedicellata.
Caps. l-sperma.
277. SCHISANDRA. Cal. triplici serie 9·phyllu&. Cor. O.
Anther. subsessiles, apice cohrerentes. Bacca! numerosre,
1-spermre, receptaculo filiformi elongatd
insertre. lVIonoica.
I. M 0 N 0 G Y N I A.
156. ECHIUM. Gen. pl. 267.
I. E. caule tuberculato·hispido, foliis caulinis Iallceolatlf
hispidis. ftoribus spicatis lateralibus. Willd. sp. pl. I.
p·787·
Icon. Fl. dan. 445. Lam. illustr. 94.f 1.
On dry slate-hills: New York to Virginia, rare. Introduced
from Europe? O. July-Sept. v. v.
157- HELIOTROPIUM. Gen. pi. 239.
i. H. foliis cordato-ovatis acutis scabriuscuIis, spicis soli·
tariis, fructibus bifidis. TYilld. sp. pt. 1. p. 74D.
Icon. Pluk. phyt. t. 295.f. 4. .
On road sides: Virginia to Carolina, rare. 0. June
-Aug. v. v.
iSS. PULMONARIA. Gen. pl. 244.
1. P. glabra, erecta; foliis lanceolato-ovatis obtusiusculis.
f10ribus fasciculato-terminalibus, corolIis calyce mult.
longioribus.-Willd. sp. pl. 1. p. 769.
Icon. 1Viill. ie. 212. Bot. 11lag. 160.

IpENTANDRIA MONOGYNIA. Pulmonaria. 131
On gravelly shores of rivers: Pensylvania to Carolina.
]J.. March-May. v. v. Flowers beautiful blue.
2. P. subhirsuta, erecta; foliis ovato-oblo[1gis acuminatis, paniculata.
floribus paniculatis, calycibus abbreviatls guinquepartitis.-
Wil/d. sp. pl. 1. p. 769.
On Hudson's Bay. /:iiton. May, June. +. Flowers blue
or white.
3. P. glaberrima, procumbens; foliis ovali-spathulatis ab- parvifiora.
niptt) acuminatis carnosis, pedunculis lateralibus unifloris,
corollis calyce vix duplo longioribus.-Mich.fl.
amer. I. p. 131.
P. maritima? TVilld. sp. pl. 1. p. 770.
On the sea shore of New England and Canada. 1/. .
July. v. s. Flowers blue.
159. LITHOSPERMUM. Gen. pt. 241.
1. L. seminibus rugosis, corollis vix calycem superantibus, arvense.
foliis obtusis aveniis. Smith fl. brito 1. p. 213.
Willd. sp. pl. 1. p. 751.
Icon. Engl. bot. t. 123. Fl. dan. 456.
In waste fields, on dry ground: frequent in Pensylv3nia.
probably introduced from Europe. 0. May-July.
V. v. Flowers pale white; seeds rough, brownish.
2. L. seminibu5 turgide ovatis lucidis undique cavo-puncta- latiJolium.
tis, ealyeibus fruetiferis patulis eorollam sUl'erantibus,
foliis ovato-oblongis nervosis. - Mich. fl. arne}'. 1.
p. 131.
In shady woods: Virginia to Kentuky. 1/.. June, July.
v. V. Flowers pale yellow.
3. L. seminibus turgide ova tis nitidis undique cavo-pune- angustifolitatis,
floribus passim lateralibus, foliis linearibus ad. urn.
presso-pubescentibus, caule proeumbente.-.Mich.fl.
amer. 1. p. 130.
In shady woods: on the river Ohio. Michaux. 0.
July, Aug. V. S. Flowers white .
.t. 1. seminibus murieatis, spieis terminalibus seeundis, apulum.
braeteis laneeolatis, foliis lirteari-laneeolatis aeutis.
WiLld. sp. pl. 1. p. 752.
Icon. Col. ecphr. 1. t. 192.
In dry woods: Virginia, Ohio and Mississippi. 0.
May-Aug. V. v. Flowers yellow, very small.
K2

PENTANDRIA MONOGYNIA.
166. ANAGALLIS. Gen. pl. 270.
1. A. [oJiis ovatis subtus punctatis, caule procumbente.
Smithfl. brito 1. p. 230. Willd. sp. pl. 1. p. 821.
Icon. Engl. bot. 529. FL. dan.'8S.
In cultivated grounds: Pensylvania to Virginia; introduced
from Europe ? 0. June, July. v.v. Flowers
red.
167. LYSIMACHIA. Gen. pl. 269.
J. L. glaberrima, ramulosa; foliis oppositis verticillatisque
longo-linearibns punctatis, racemo terminali brevi,
laciniis corolla: oblongis.- Mich. fl. amer. 1. p. 128.
In Lower Carolina. Michaux.2/.. +. Flowers yeliow,
as the other species, very small.
:2. L. glaberrima, elata; foliis ovali-Ianceolatis oppositis
punctatis, racemo terminali longissimo laxo, laciniis
corolla: oblongo-ovalibus.-Mich.fl· arner. 1. p. 128.
L. vulgaris. IValt.fl. car. p. 92.
L. stricta. Ail. kew. 1. p. 199.
L. bulbifera. Bot. mag. 104.
Icon. Bot. mag. 104. Pluk. aim. t. 428.f. 4.
In wet meadows, on the side of ditches; Canada to
Virginia.1/.. July, Aug. V. v. This species is frequently
found viviparous, having oblong bulbs in the
axilla: of the leaves; but this is not a general case.
3. L. glabra; caule simplicissimo punctato, ioliis oppooitis
sessilibus late-Ianceolatis acutis punctatis, pedunculis
lateralibus elongatis, floribus capitatis congestis.
I •. thyrsifiora? Mich.fl. arner. 1. p. 127.
In salt-marshes, near New York. 1/.. June, July. V.v.
Though nearly approaching to L. thyrsiflo1'a, it is certainly
a distinct species.
-4. L. pubescens; foliis subsessilibus quaternis quinisque
ovalibus aCllminatis punctatis, pedunculis quaternis
unifloris, corolla: laciniis ovalibus integris.-1Villd.
sp. pl. 1. p. 818.
L. puncfata. Walt.fl. Car. p. 92.
Icon. Plak. aLm. t. 428.j. 4. Lam. iilllstr. t. 101. f. 2.
In dry woods: Canada to Carolina.1/.. June, July.
V. v. It varies sometimes with smooth leaves and
verticillated flowers.
fj. L. glaberrima, ramosissima; foliis oppositis sessiliQus li-
135
a'nlenSIS.
angustiJolia.
racern05a.
capitata.
quadrijolia.
longifulia.

PENTANDRIA MONOGYNIA. Azalea.
Ledum being an upright little shrub, with decandrous
flowers which are white, whereas the present spedes
has procumbent stems and pentandrous red flowers.
It most c-ertainly ought to be taken from thi, genlls,
or else all the rest but this one united with Rhodo.
dendron.
191. BUMELIA. Gen. pl. 1736.
1. B. spinosa, erecta; foliis deciduis lato-lanceolatis tHrinque
glabris, pedunclllis aggregatis unifioris, laciniis
'corolla:! trifidis.- Miclt fl. amer. 1. p. 122.
Sideroxylum lycioidps. WillcZ. sp. pl. 1. p. lOgO.
Sideroxylllm lxve. TVaft.fl. car. 100.
Icon. Duham. arb. 2. t. 68.
In shady woods: Carolina and Georgia. 17. July, Aug.
v. v. s. fl. A small tree, with minute greeni;h
flowers.
2. B. spinosa, dumosa, diffuse reclinata; ramis steriliblls
divaricato-ramosis, foliis parvis obovalibus glaberrimis.
Pers. s.yn. l. p. 237.
Sideroxylum reclinatum. Mich.jl. amer. 1. p. 122.
Icon. Vent. choix de plant. t. 22.
On the banks of rivers in Georgia. MichJ.1lx. 17 .
July, Aug. v. v. s.jl. A small straggling shrub.
3. B. subspinosa; ramulis patentissimis pubescentibus,
foliis ovali-lanceolatis, supra glabris, subtus lanuginosis.
Pers .• yn. 1. p. 237.
Sideruxyluffi lanuginosuffi. Mich . .!l. amer. 1. p. 122.
Sideroxylum tenax. rVlllt. fl. car. 100.
In wet copses of Georgia. Iflichau:c. 17. +.
4. B. sllbspinosa; foliis cuneato-Ianceolatis plerumque obtasis,
subtllS sericeo-nitentibus. Pers. syn. 1. p.237.
Wil/d. sp. pl. 1. p. J085.
Sideroxylum tcnax. Linn. syst. veg.
Sideroxylum sericeUffi. Walt.jl. car. 100.
Sideroxylum chrysophylloides. Mich .. fl. amel'. 1. p. 123.
In hedge5 and copses near the sea-coast of Carolina and
Georgia. I? June. v. v. A small tree; Itaves very
handsome.
5. B. inermis; foliis sempervirentibus oblongo-Ianceolatis
utrinque acutis glabris sllbaculeato-serratis, racemis
axillaribu5 sessilibus multitloris.
On the banks of the Missouri. Nuttall 17. July. II. s.
in Herb. Nuttall. Berries black, large.
155
lycioides.
reclinata.
lanuginosa.
chrysophylloides.
serrata

PENT ANDRIA MO:-lOGYNIA. Solanum.
yelIow. This singular species of Solanum is very
Dearly allied to S. cO'fnutum, Juss. in Annales de Mus.
hist. nat. 3. p. 120. t. g. and they probably will form
a new genus, to which some other Dot properly examined
species may belong.
193. PHYSALIS. Gen. pl. 336.
1. P. foliis geminis subcordato-ovalibus repandis obtusis sub- viscosa.
tomentosis, cauIe herbaceo superne paniculato, cal.vcibus
fructiteris pubescentibus. -Willd. sp. pl. 1.
p. 1021.
Icon. Jacq. hort. 2. t. 136. Dill. elth. t. 10.f. 10.
On road sides and among rubbish: Pensylvania to Carolina.
2/.. July-Aug. v. v. Flowers yellow; berries
viscous.
2. P. foliis quasi cordato-suborbiculatis aCl1minatis inreql1a- obscurlil.
liter dentatis, caule herbaceo divaricato-ramosissimo:
ramis angulatis.-Mich.fl amer. 1. p. 149.
11.. P. summitatibus petiolisque vix pubescentibus. glabra.
P. angulata. Walt.fl. car. 99.
£3. P. viscido-pubescens. pl1bescens.
In sandy fields of Lower Carolina. 2/.. July, Aug. v. v.
Flowers yellow, with brown spots and blueish anthers.
3. P. foliis geminis ovali-lanceolatis subintegris, in petiolum lanceolata.
sensim angustatis pubescentibus, caule herbaceo di.
chotomo, calyce villoso.- Mich.fl. amer. 1. p. 149.
In Lower Carolina. Michaux. 2/.. July. v. s. in Herb.
Walt.
" P. fuliis ovatis subrepandis obtusis nudiusculis, caule pensylvanica.
herbaceo ramoso, pedunculis sol'ttariis petiolis paulo
longioribus.-Willd. sp. pi l. p. 1021.
P. tomentosa. Walt.fl. car. 99 ?
On road sides, among rubbish: Pensyl vania to Carolina.
2/.. June, July. v. v. Flowers entirely yellow.
5. P. foliis ovatis repando-dentatis glabris, caule herbaceo philadelphiramosissimo,
pedunculis solitariis petiolo multo bre- ca.
vioriblls. Lam. encycl. 2. p. 101.
In dry places on river sides; New England to Virginia.
0. July. v. v. Flowers larger than the foregoing
"pecies, yellow, with brown stripes.
6. P. foliis villoso-viscosis cordatis, caule herbaceo ramo· pubescens.
157

182
amplexicaulis.
acumilwttJ..
lauriJolia.
paupercula.
pedicellata.
PENTANDRa Dil'iTNIA. Asclepias.
1 L A. foliis amplexicaulibus oblongis rotundato·ohtusis undatis,
umbelJa term in ali longius pedunculata multiflora
glabra, corniculis exertis. Mich. fl. amer. 1.
p. 115.
A. purpurascens. Walt. fl· car. 105.
In sandy fields: New Jersey to Carolina.1/.. June­
Aug. v. v. Flowers large, purple.
l2. A. tota glauca; caulibus decumbentibua simplicibus,
foliis cordatis amplexicaulibus venosis, corniculis delitescentibus
compresso-ligulatis. Mich . .fl. Ilmer. I.
p.115.
A. humistrata. Walt.fl. car. 105.
In barren sandy fields: Carolina and Georgia.1/.. June,
July. v. v. Ltaves red-veined, thick j flowers handsome,
red.
13. A. caule erecto glabro simplici, foliis ovatis subcordatis
acuminatis brevi-petiolatis, superioribus sessilibus;
umbeJlis lateralibus solitariis erectis.
A. cordata. Walt.jl. car. 105.
In deep cedar-swamps, and on the banks of rivers: New
Jersey.1/.. July. v. v. Flowers red and white;
stem about two teet high; roots very large, resembling
those of A. tuberosa.
14. A. caule ereeto glabro, foliis subsessilibus ovali-lanceolatis
sensim angustatis acutissimis glOlbris: supra ad oras
asperiusculis.-Mich . .fl. amer. 1. p. 117.
On the river Althamaha, Georgia. Michaux. 1t. July.
v. s. Flowers purple.
15. A. caule erectillsculo glabro oligophyllo, sursum nudo,
foliis linearibus longissimis glabriusculis, umbellis terminalibus
paucifloris.-Mich.jl. amer. ). p. 11B.
A.lanceolata. /.Valt.jl. car. 105.
In sandy wet meadows: Virginia and Lower Carolina.
1/.. June, July. v. v. Flowers red, with yellow appendices.
16. A. caule simplici erecto pilosa, foliis elliptico-linearibus
pubescelll ibus supra pUl.ctato-asperis, umbeJla lateralis
solita ria pauclflora, per

PENTANDRIA DIGTNIA. Asclepias.
three inches higb; flowers large in proportion, greenish
yellow; fructification on a pedicel.
17. A. cauJibus erectis, foliis petiolatis oblongis obtusis lre- vi? idis.
vibus, umbellis paucis termillalibus, petalis erect is
calyce multo longioribus, neclariis integris patulis brevibus.-Walt.fl·
car. 107.
South Carolina. Walter.1/.. v. s. in Herb. Lyon.
Flowers large; petals green; nectaries purple; fructification
white. This and the preceding species deviate
from the general character of Asclepias, and probably
constitute a distinct genus; but having had no
opportunity to examine the living plant, I refer lllem
to this genus until another opportunity may be had
to investigate them.
IS. A. caulibus erectis simplicibus glabris, foliis ovatis acu- quadTifolia.
minatis petiolatis : in medio cauli majoribus quaternis,
nmbellis duabus terminalibus laxifioris, pedicellis filiformibus.-Jacq.
obs. 2. t. 23.
On lime-stone rocks: New York to Virginia.1/.. M "y
-July. v. v. From nine inches to a foot high;
flowers small, sweet-scented; petals white; nec[aries
rose-coloured.
** Foliis sparsis.
19. A. caule erecto simplicissimo linea tim pllberulo, foliis verticil/ata.
angustissime linearibus strictis glabris plerumqne verticillalis,
corniculis exertis. Mich. fl. amer. 1. p. 116.
Willd. sp. pL. 1. p. 1272.
Icon. Pluk. manto t. 336.f 4.
Ou dry hills and fields: New Jersey to Carolina.1/..
June, July. v. v. Petals yellowish-green; nectaries
white.
20. A. caule decumbente foliisque sparsis prrelongo-lineari_ lOllgifolia.
bus puberulis, appendicibus corollre corpusculo genitalifero
brevioribus et corniclllo vacuis. Miclt.fl. amer.l.
p.116.
A. incarnata. Walt.fl. car. 106.
A. floridana. Lam. enr:ycl. 1. p. 284.
In shady wet woods: Carolina and Georgia. '2/.. July,
Aug. v. s. Flowers pale purple; fructification yellow.
21. A. caule erectiusculo summitate divari

PBNTANDRrA DIGYNIA.
255. ATRIPLEX. Gen. pl. 1577.
I. A. caule frulicoso, foliis aiternis oppositisve oblongo-sub.
rhombeis integerrimis. Willd. sp. pl. 4. p. 957.
On the sea-coast of Virginia. Gronovius. f(. v. v. in
Hortis. I take this s')ecics up only on the authority of
Gronovius, having never seen it myself as a native of
America.
2. A. caule erecto herbaceo, foliis triangl.lIaribns dentatis
concoloribus, calycibns fructus ovatis reticulatis integerrimis.
Wiltd. sp. pl. 4. p. g61.
Frequent in fields and about gardens. 0. July. v. v.
3. A. caule erecto herbaceo, foliis triangularibus profunde
dentatis sublus albidis, c8lycibus fructus rhombeis trinerviis
denticulatis. WiUd. sp. pl. 4. p. g63.
Icon. Moris. hist. 2. s. 5. t. 32.f. 17.
Near the sea-coast, on banks of rivers: New York to
Virginia. 0. June-Aug. v.v. Leaves gray.
4. A. caule herbaceo erecto, foliis triangnlari-hastatis profunde
dentatis concoloribus, calycibus fructus sinuatodentatis,
dente intermedio elongato. WiUd. sp. pl. 1.
p.g63.
Frequent about gardens and in fields. 0. July. v. v.
256. CANNABIS. Gen. pl. 1522.
]. C. foliis digitatis. Willd. sp. pl. 4. p. 768.
Common hemp ie frequently found in fields, apparently
indigenous, though it is one of those plan.s introduced
from Europe. 0 •
257. HUMULUS. Gen. pl. 1523.
1. Humulus. W illd. sp. pl. 4. p. 76g.
In deep shady valleys on the mountains and on river sides
in the lower countries, frequent. It is really indigenous.
2/..
258. ULMUS. Gell. pl. 443.
199
Halimus.
hortensis.
laciniata.
hastala.
sativa.
Lupulus.
1. U. ramis lreviblls basi inrequalibus: serraturis uncinato- americana.
acuminatis, fioribns pedicellatis, fructibllS villo den.
sissimo fimbriatis.-Willd. sp. pl. 1. p. 1325.
Icon. ,Mich. arb. t, . ••

PENTANDRU TR1GYNIA. Amaranthus.
2. A. glomemlis axillaribus triandris, floribus trifidis, foliis
obovatis emarginatis, caule teretiusculo ramoso. Willd.
sp. pl. 4. p. 382.
Icon. Willd. amaranth. t. 4.f 7.
In cultivated grounds: Virginia. 0. Aug. v. v.
3. A. glomemlis triandris subspicatis rotundatis, foliis ellipticis
ret us is, callie erecto. TVilid. amaranth. p. 20.
t. l.f. 1. .
In similar situations: Virginia. 0. June-Aug. v. v.
4. A. glomernlis triandris subspicatis, floribus triphyllis,
foliis ovatis retusis, caule diffuso. WiLLi. sp. pl. 4.
p.387.
Frequently a very troublesome weed in gardens. 0.
June-Sept. v. v.
5. A. glomemlis axillaribus geminis triandris, floribus masculis
triphyllis, foliis ellipticis emarginatis margine undulatis.
W'illd. amaranth. 18. t. fi.J. 16.
Frequently found on road sides and among rubbish. 0.
July, Aug. v. v.
o. A. racemis pentandris decompositis congestis erectis, foliis
ovato-Ianceolatis. lVilld. amaranth. p. 26. t. g.
f·17.
Common in cultivated grounds: New York to Carolina.
0. June-Sept. v. v.
7. A. rac;emis pentandris supradecompositis, ramis patentibus
pubescentibus, foliis ovato-lanceolatis. Willd.
amaranth. 32. t. 2.J. 2.
Among rubbish and in cuhivated grounds: Pensylvania
to Virginia. 0. Aug. v. v.
8. A. racemis pentandris supradecompositis erectis, ramis
patentibus glabris, foliis oblongis acmis. Willd.
amaranth. 31. t. 2.f 3.
In cultivated fields: Virgiuia and Carolina. 0. July.
I'. v.
g. A. racemis pentandris supradecompositis confertis erectis,
ramis pubescentibus, foliis ovatis undulatis. Wiftd.
amaranth. 33. t. l1.f 21.
In cultivated grounds and on road sides: Pensylvania to
Virginia. 0. June-Aug. v. v.
\ .
10. A. racemis pentandris compositis confertis erectis, foliis
oblongo.lanceolatis mucronatis. WiUd. amaranth. 80.
Common in fields of Virginia. 0. July, A llg. v. 'II.
Leaves red.
207
gr(lJCiZa1If.
lividus.
Blilum.
viridis.
hybridus.
paniculat U$,
sanguineus.
retrofiexus ..
hypochondri.
acus.

HEXANDRlA.
Filam. brevissirna. Stigm. refiexa. Caps. 'trigona,
3.valvis: valvis medio septiferis. Sem. plura, subglobosa,
ad hilum arillata.
303. STREPTOPUS. Cor. infera, 6-petala, snbcampanulata.
Stigm. brevissirna. Bacca subglobosa, lrevigata,
carthacea, 3-locularis. Sem. pauea, bilo nudo.
304. -CONV ALLARIA. Cor. infera, 6-fida, campannlata.
Stam. corolla breviora, ad basin inserta. Bacca globosa,
3-locularis: loculis 1-2-spermis. Scapus racemosus.
305. SMILACIN A. Cor. infera, 6-partita, patens. Filam.
divergentia, laciniarnm basi infil'a. Bacca globosa,
3-1ocnlaris. Flores terminales paniculati s. suburnbellati.
306. POLYGONATUM. Cor. illfera, 6-fida, cylindrica.
Filam. tubo superne inserta. Bacca globosa, 3-locularis:
loculis 2-spermis. Flores axillares.
307. ASPARAGUS. Cor. infera, 6-partita, erecta: petalis
3. interioribus apice reflexis. Bacca 3-locularis,
polysperma. FoLia fasciculata.
**U Flores incompleli.
S08. ORONTIUM. Spadix cylindricus, flosculis teetus.
Spatha o. Cal.6-partitus. Stigm. 2-fidum., Follicu­
Ius) -spl'rmus.
30g. ACORUS. Spadix cylindrieus, flosc!11is teetus. Cal.
6-partitus. Stigm. punctum prominens. Caps. 3locularis,
3-sperma.
310. JUNCUS. Cal. inferus, 6-partitus, requalis. Stigrii.
3-1obum. Caps. l-Iocularis, polysperma.
S 11. PEPLIS. Cal. inferus, 12-fidus. Caps. 2-locularis,
polysperma.
II. DIGYNIA.
312. NECTRIS. Cal. 6-partitus> laeiniis 3. illterioribus
petaloideis milloribus obtusis. Utriculi bini 1-2sperrni.
Sem. globosa.
IlL TRTGYNIA.
313. SABAL. Spatha! partiales. Fdam. libera, basi incrassata.
Bacca l-sperrna. Sem. osseum.
314. CHAMLEROPS. Spatha compress? Spadix ramo·
2Iti

218
virginiea.
rosea.
CYl1wsa.
HEXANDRIA MONOGYNU. Tillandsia.
Parasitic, on old trees, in shady woods: Virginia to Flo.
rida. ¥. July. v. v. Flowers yellowish.green.
This sing,fllar plant, known by the name of Long-moss,
does not extend further north than the neighbourhood
of the Dismal Swamp in Virginia. The fibres of it,
when divested of the outside coating, make excellent
m3ttresses, and are a very good substitute for horse.hair
for that purpose.
280. TRADESCANTIA. Gen. pl. 543.
1. T. erecta; foliis lanceolatis elongatis glabris, floribus
'sessil ibus urn bellato-congestis pubescentibus.- Willd.
sp. pt. 2. p. 16.
Icon. Bot. mag. 105. Moris. hist. 3. s. 5. t. 2.f4.
In shady woods: Pensylvania to Carolina. Jj.. May,
June. v. v. Flowers blue or purple.
2. T. erecta; foliis lineari-gramineis prrelongis, pedunculis
elongatis umbellatis paucifloris, calycibus glabris.­
Mieh.fl. anier.I. p. ]93.
Icon. Vent. hort. eels. t.24.
In wet sandy fields: Carolina and Georgia. Jj.. June,
July. v. v. :Flowers rose-coloured, small, but very
handsome.
281. DIPHYLLEJA. Mich . .fl. amer. 1. p. 203.
I. D. glaberrima; foliis subpalmatis angulato-lohatis serratis:
lobis acuminatis, eyma multiflora. Jl,lich.l. c.
Icon. Mich. l. c. t. 19 (520.
Near rivulets on the high mountains of Virginia and
Carolina.2/.. May, June. v. v. Flowers while;
berries dark blue: the whole of the plant has the
appearance of Podophyllum peltatum.
282. CAULOPHYLLUM. Mich. ft. amer. 1. p. 204.
tlwlietroides. 1. C. glaberrimum; foliis supradecompositis, foliolis ovalibus,
inferioribns petiolatis lobatisque, extrema trilobato.-Mich.
l. c. t. 21.
Leontice thalictroides. Willd. sp. pl. 2. p. 149.
Tn shady woods, on the side of fertile bills: New England
to Virginia. ¥. May, June. v. v. Flowers
yellowish. green; berries large, blueish-black; called
by the Indians Co-hash, and esteemed as a medicinal
plant among them.

BEXANDltIA MONOGYNIA.. Allium.
laciniis oblongo.lanceolatis, staminibus allernis subulatis,
alternis compressis.-Bot. mag. 1524.
ie. 2. t.366. Willd. sp. pl. 2. p. 77.
A.ornithogaloides. Walt.jl. car. 121.
Jacq.
Ornithogalum bivalve. Sp. pl. ed. I. p.306.
In Virginia and Carolina. J.t. June, July. v. s. in
Herb. 'lValt. Flowers large, white, with a red carina.
4. A. scapo nudo ancipiti, foliis linearibus canaliculatis subtus
subangulatis, umbella fastigiata. Willd. sp. pl. 2.
P·76.
Icon. Gmel. sib 1. t. 14.f. 2. Jacq. austr. 5. t. 425.
On the banks of the Missouri. M. Lewis and Nuttall.
J.t. July. v. s. in Herb. Lewis. Flowers white.
angulosum.
5. A. scapo nudo tereti foliis breviore, foliis lanceolatis nervosis,
umbella pauciflora.
In shady woods, on the high mountains of ·Pensylvania.
¥. May, June. v. v. Mountain Leeks.
triflorum.
6. A. scapo nudo tereti. foliis linearibus, capitulo bulbifero.
Willd. sp. pl. 2. p. 7S.
In fields and woods: Canada to Carolina. J.t. June.
v. v.
canadense.
7. A. scapo nudo semitereti, foliis lanceolato.oblongis planis
glabris, umbella globosa, seminibus solitariis.
tricoccon.
Willd. sp. pl. 2. p. Sl.
In shady woods: Pensylvania to Virginia.
v. v.
J.t. July.
289. BRODllEA. Smith in linn. trans. 10. p. 2.
1. B. umbella multiflora, floribus pedicellatis, staminibus grandifiora.
alternis margine membranaceis.-Smith 1. c.
Hookera coronaria. Salisb. par.lond. t.9S.
'On the plains of the Columbia and Missouri rivers.
JVI. Lewis. J.t. April, May. v. v. This elegant
bulbotls plant, which M. Lewis, Esq. used to call
Missouri Hyacinth, is certainIY'hexandrous; Dr.Smith
having been misled, by dried specimens; to consider it
to be only triandrous.
290. PONTEDERIA. Gen. pl. 545.
1. P. foliis oblongo-cordatis oblusis, spica confertim.multiflora,
corollre laciniis oblongis.-Wit/d. sp. pl. 2.
p.23.
223
con/uta.

HI!XANDRlA MONOGYNIA. Conostylis.
Corymbus dense multiflorus, lanato-tornentosus. Flores
extus albo-lanati, iotus flavi. Pedicelli 10ngitl1dine
florum. Corolla 6·fida: laciniis oblongis aCl1tis, 3.
interioribus vix angustioribus, superne glabris fUSCbluteis,
in ferne densissime lana tis : pilisplulllosis aureis.
Pilamenta 6. filiformia, glabra, corollre vix breviora.
Anthera? ovatre, erectre, aurantiacre. Germen
superum, subrotundum, glabrum. Stylus subl1latus,
3-partibilis, longitudine filamentorl1m. Stigma simplex.
This singular and beautiful perennial I discovered
about the year 1805, and considered it as a species of
Argolasia of JussieL1 or Lanaria of Aiton, until I
had the opportunity of seeing Mr. Brown's Prodro.
mus, in which the genus Conostylis is the nearest of
any genus I know, though it even difters from that
genus materially by the germ being almost entirely
superior. and not half inferior.
293. ALETRIS. Gen. pl. 579. Mich.fl. amer. 1. p. 18g.
1. A. Boribus pedicellatis oblongo.tubulosis, corollis fruetiferis
lreviusculis farinosis, foliis lato-lanceolatis mucronatis.-Mich
. .fl. amer. 2. p. 189.
A. farinosa. Willd. sp. pt. 2. p. 183.
Icon. Pluk. amaltl!. t. 437.f 2. Bot. rhag. 1418.
In dry gravelly woods, on the side of hills: New England
to Carolina. ]J.. June, July. v. v. Floweri
white, in a long spike; known by tbe name of Stargrass
or Colic-root; the last name, from its being
considered an excellent remedy in that disease.
2. A. floribus subsessilibus breviter tnbulatis subcampanulatis,
corolJis fructiferis rugosis scabertimis, foliis Janceolato-ensifimuibus
acutis.-ll-lich.fl. amer. 1. p. 190.
Wurmbea bullata. If/illd. hort. l:e1'01. t. 8.
In sandy fields and woods: New Jersey to South Carolina.
1/.. July, Aug. v. v. Flowers covered with
a mealy substance, as in the first species, but the
divisions are tipped with golden-yellow; the leaveb
are narrower and longer. There is not any doubt of
this plant properly belonging to Hexandria Trigynia;
but the styles are gll'ed together duriug flowering,
and only divide on the ripening of the fruit. .
YOL.l.
225
alba.
aurea,

!lirginica.
cyoceum.
QuamQsh.
HEXANDRU MONOGYNIA.
294. AGAVE. Gen. pl. 582.
1. A. acaulis, herbacea; foliis cartilagineo-serratis, 8capo
simplicissimo. Willd. sp. pl. 2. p. 193.
Icon. Jacq. ic. rar. 2. t. 3i8. Rot. mag. 1157.
On the rocky and fertile banks of rivers: Virginia to
Carolina. ¥. July. v. v. Flowers greenish-yellow,
very fragran t.
295. PHALANGIUM. Tour71eJ. Juss. gen. pL.5g.
1. P bulbomm; scapo foliis gramineis multo brevioribus,
spica pyra!TIidali, bracteis convoluto-amplexantibus
obtusis, seminibus subglobosil lrevigatis.-Mich. jl.
amer. 1. p. 196.
In low grounds of Georgia. Michaux. '1/.. +. Flowers
saffron-coloured; seeds black.
2. P. bulbosum; scapo foliis linearibus carinatis longiore,
spica racemosa, bracteis linearibus, petal is 5. adscen·
dentibus : infimo deflexo, stigmate obtuso.
On the upper part of the Missouri, near the Rocky.
mClllntains. M. Lewis. ¥. June. v. s. in Herh.
Lewis. Flowers large, pale blue.
Bulbus tunicatus, subrotundus. Scapus simplex, nudus,
{'rectus, teres, glaber, pedalis et ultra. Folia radiea·
lia, pauca, lODge linearia, subtus carinata, glabra,
seminnciam lata. Flores spicato-rllcemosi, bracteati.
Braclece marcescentes, solitarire, lineales, membra·
nacere. Pedunculi solitarii, uniflori, teretes, bracteis
breviores. Corolla marcescens, infera, hexapetalopartita.
Petala subrequalia, lineari-Ianceolata: quin.
que adscendentia: sex tum deflexum. Filamenta suo
bulata, requalia, petalis breviora, ad basin petalorum
inserta. Germen trigonum. Stylus longitudine corollre,
subclavatus. Stigma obtusum. Capsula su.b.
rotundo-triquetra, 3-locularis: loculis polyspermls.
Semina oblonga, nigra.
It deviates from the character of Phalangium' in some
respects, particularly in its ascending petals, but not
sufficiently to give materials to frame a new genus.
This plant is known among the natives by the name
Quamash, and the bulbs are carefully collected by
them and baked between hot stones, when they assume
the appearance of baked pears. and are of an

!lEIAKDRIA. MONOGYNIA. Phalangium.
agreeable sweet taste. They form a great part of their
winter stores. Though an agreeable food to Governor
Lewis's party, they occasioned bowel complaints if
eaten in any quantity.
296. NARTHECIUM. Smithjl. brito 1. p.368. Ker in
bot. mag. 1505.
227
1. N. racemo interdum interrupte spicato laxo, bractea una amerzcanum.
caul ina pedicellllm amplexante, altera inferne pedicellari
paleaceo-setacea, lana filamentorum brevissima.
Ker l. C.
In boggy fields and woods, on the pine-barrens of New
Jersey.1/.. June, July. V. v. Flowers yellow. It
approaches very near to N. Ossifrag1lm, and is only
different in the situation of its bracteas, which nice
distinction was very ingeniously observed by Mr. Ker.
For a considerable time I considered this plant to be
N. glutinosum of Michaux; but the close investigation
of Mr. Ker on this subject has convinced me of having
been in an error. Vid. Bot. mag. 1505.
297. ORNITHOGALUM. Gen. pl. 566.
1. O. corymbo pallcifioro, pedunculis bracteis longioribus, umbellatulTl.
filamentis subulatis. lViLld. sp. pl. 2. p. 116.
Icon. Jacq. austT. 4. t.343.
In grass-plots and near gardens j probably not indigenous.
1/.. May. v. v. Flowers white.
2g8. YUCCA. Gen. pl. 580.
l. Y. acaulis j foliis lato-lanceolatis integerrimis margine filamtntosa.
filamentosis, stigmatibus recurvato-patentibus.-
Willd. sp. pl. 2. p. 184.
Icon. Trew ehret. t. 37.
On the shores of Virginia anu Carolina, and in the
western parts thereot: 1/.. July, Aug. V. v. Flowers
white, very showy j and the plant is from four to five
feet high.
2. Y. acaulis; foliis longo-linearibus rigidis margine raro angllstifolia.
filamentosis, capsulis magnis obovato-cyfindraceis.
On the banks of the Missouri. 1/.. July, Aug. v. S.
in Herb. Nuttall. From two to three feet high j leaves
very narrow; caps Illes large.
Q2

z;, z,. fl. p. '! 2 8.

230
superbum.
lanceolata.
HEXANDRIA MONOGTNiA. lilium.
ternato·-terminalibus, floribus reflexis, corollis reVGlutis.-Mich.fl.
amer. 1. p. 197.
L. Martagon. Walt.fl. car. 123.
Icon. Catesh. car. 2. t. 56.
In fertile meadow grounds: Lower Virginia and Carolina.
1/.. June, ]uly. v. v. Resembles L. Martagon
very much; flowers larger and maculated.
8. L. foliis lineari-Ianceolatis trinerVibus glabris, inferioribus
verticillatis il'ltermediis dllplo longioribus superioribu!
sparsis, floribus racemoso-pyramidatis retlexis, corollis
revolutis.-Willd. sp. pl. 2. p. 88.
Icon. Trew ehret. 2. t. II. Bot. mag. 936.
In low copses and swamps, on blue clay soil: Canada to
Virginia.1/.. July, Aug. v. v. The most stately
plant of this family in North America; the number
and elegance of its flowers are astonishing. I have, in
favourable situations, seen stems of about seven feet
high, with from thirty to fifty flowers, disposed in a
graceful manner in form of a chandelier.
300. FRITILLARIA. Gen. pl. 559.
1. F. caule folioso 1-2-floro, foliis lineari-Ianceolatis ob"
tusiusculis: inferioribus verticilJatis, petalis lanceolatis.
Lilium camschatcense. Willd. sp. pl. 2. p. 89.
On the head-waters of the Missouri and Columbia.
M. Lewis. 2f.. July. v. s. Flowers dark purple
with brown spots. .
In the tenth volume of the Linnean Transactions, A. B.
Lambert, Esq. in his account of the Pallasian Herba­
Jium, has given an excellent figure of this plant, and
suspects it very justly to be a Fritillaria: when 1 examined
the Lewisian Herbarium I had no idea of
finding it under Lilium, and made a drawing and description
under the above name, for the Travels of
Lewis and' Clark.
301. ERYTHRONIUM. Ge'l. pl. 562.
laTiceolatum. 1. E. petalis lanceolatis basi dilatatis obtusiusculis, germine
subgloboso, foliis lanceolatis.
E. Dens canis. Mich. fl. amer. 1. p. 198.
In woods, near the roots of old trees, and on the banks
of rivulets: Canada to Virginia, and on the Missouri.

acemosa.
angustijolium.
can alicu latttm.
pubescens.
hirtum.
multiflorum.
HEXANDIUA MONOGYHIA. Smilacinll.
In Virginia and Canada. Desfontaines.)J.. *,. Flowers
very small, white.
,. S. caule alterne folioso, foliis sessilibus oblongo-ovalibus
acuminatis nervosis pubeseentibus, floribus terminali_
bus raeemoso-panieulatis.-Deifont. I. c. p.51.
Icon. Corn. canad. t. 37. Pluk. aim. t. 311.f. 2. Bot.
mag. 899.
In mountain woods: Canada to Carolina; common.
1/.. June, July. v. v. Flowers small, yellowish.
306. POLYGONATUM. Deifont. in mus. hist. nat. g.
p.48.
1. P. caule tereti, foliis alternis sessilibus elliptieo-Ianceo.
latis sensim aeutis subtrinervibus glabris, pedunculis
axiIlaribus elongatis subbifloris.
Convallaria biflora. Walt.fl. car. 122.
In rocky situations: Pensylvania to Virginia. )J.. May,
June. v. v. Flowers yellowish-white, with green
tips, as most of this genus.
2. P. caule canalieulato, foliis alternis amplexicaulibus oblongis
margine pubescentibus, pedunculis axillaribus
bifloris.
Convallaria canaliculata. 117illd. hort. berol. 45.
In shady woods: Pensylvania to Virginia. JI.. June.
v. v.
3. P. caule teretiusculo suleo exarato, foliis alternis ampJexicaulibus
ova tis subtus pubescentibus, pedunculis
axillaribus subbifloris.
COllvalJaria pubescens. Willd. hort. herol. 45. cum icone.
On rocks, near water: New England to Carolina. JI..
May, June. v. v.
4. P. caule angulato hispido, foliis alternis subamplexicaulibus
ovatis obtuse acuminatis, pedunculis axiJIaribus
trifloris.
Convallaria hirta. Lam. eneycl. 4-. p. 369.
In North America. Bose. JI.. +.
5. P. caule tereti, foliis altern is amplexieaulibus oblongoovaJibus,
peduncuJis axillaribus multifloris.-Desfvnl.
l. c. p. 50.
Convallaria multiflora. Willd. sp. pl. 2. p.162.
leon. Ft. dan. 152. Abbot 77. Engl. bot. 279.
In dry hilly woods: Canada to Carolina. )J.. JJ.lpe, July.
I'. v.

236
conglomeratus.
dfusus.
jilijoTmis.
l:icornis.
selaceus.
11larginatus.
lIodoSliS.
HEX ANDRIA MONOGYNIA. JuncllS.
Icon. Engl. bot. 1614.
On the sanely sea-coast: New Jersey, &c. '2/.. July. v. v.
2. J. culmo nudo stricto, panicula laterali conglobala, capsulis
retusis, floribus triandris. Smith.fl. brito J.
P.376. WiUd. sp. pl. 2. p.205.
Icon. Host. gram. 3. t. 82. Leers.fl. herb. t. I3.f. I.
In wet pastures, frequent. '2/.. June, July. V. v.
3. J. cnlmo nudo stricto, panicula laterali effusa supradecomposita,
capsulis obtusis. Smith ft. brito 1. p. 376.
Willd. sp. pl. 2. p. 205.
Icon. Host. gmm. 3. t. 83.
Frequent in low grounds, on road sides, &c. '2/.. June,
July. v. v.
4. J. culmo nudu filiformi nutante, panicula laterali braeteam
subsimplici, capsulis subrotundis. Smith.fl. brit.l.
p. 377. Wi lid. sp. pl. 2. p. 207.
Icon. Host. gram. 3. t. 84. Pluk. pityt. t. 40.j. 8.
In boggy mountain meadows; frequent. 2(.. July,Aug.
v. v.
5. J. culmo erecto nudo, foJiis subsetaceis canaliculato-planis,
involucro selaceo diphyllo erecto paniculam superante,
floribus distinctis, calyce lineari-lallceolato acutissimo.
-Mich.fl. amer. 1. p. ]91.
J. tenuis. Rostk.junc. 21. t. l.j. 3. Moris. hist. 3. s. 8.
t. 9./ 15.
In sandy wet fields, near ponels: Carolina aDd Georgia.
'2/.. July. v. v.
6. J. culmo nuda filiformi nutante, umbella Jaterali composita
paueiflom, pedunculis multifloris, calyee subulato.
Rostk. june. 13. t. ] .f 2.
In low grounds: Canada to Virginia. '2/.. July. V.II.
7. J. foliis planis glabris, corymbo terminali simplici prolifero,
capitulis sub-lO-fioris, calyce capsulam obtusam

ter-uis.
bulonius.
campestris.
'fIlelaT/ocarpus.
repens.
ameTicana.
HEXANDBIA MONOGYNIA. Juncul.
On dry barren soil, on road sides; frequent. )J.. June,
July. v. v.
15. J. culmo folioso simplici teretiu!culo, foliis canaliculatis,
corymbo terminali dicbotomo bracteis breviore, capsula
oblonga obtusa calyce breviore. Rostk.junc. 24.
t. 1.[ 3. Willd. sp. pl. 2. p. 214?
In Georgia and Carolina.1/.. +.
16. J. culmo folioso dichotomo, foliis angulatis subsetaceis,
floribus oblongis solitariis sessilibus.-Willd. sp. pl.2.
p.214.
Icon. Fl. dan. lOg8. Host. gram. 3. t. gO. Engl.
bot.802.
In overflowed fields, common. July, Aug. v. v.
17. J. foliis plan is pilosis, spicis pedunculatis ovatis subcernuis;
intermedia sessili, calycinis foliolis mucronatis
capsula obtusa longionbus. Willd. sp. pl. 2. p. 221.
Icon. Engl. bot. 672.
On dry sunny hills: Pensylvania to Carolina. 1/.. April,
May. v. v. .
18. J. culmo folioso, foliis sllblanceolatis glabris. panicula
capillari laxa, floribus pedicellatis.-Mich.fl. amer. 1.
P·19°·
Luzula melanocarpa. Desvoux illjournal de hotanique 1.
p. 142. t. 5.f. 2.
In the western part of Canada. Michaux. +. Seeds
black.
19. J. culmis repentibus foliosis, foliis planis angustis, capi.
tulis paucis sessilibus pedunculatisque paucitloris,
calycibus sllbulatis 3-andris.-Mich . .fi. a1Jler.2. P.191.
Cephaloxis flabellata. Desvoux in journQ.Z de botanique J.
p. 324. t. 11. J 2.
On sandy hills in Carolina and Georgia.1/.. June. v. s.
311. PEPLIS. Gen. pl. 605.
I. P. floribus axillaribus Rolitariis, foliis crassis spathlliatoobovatis,
floribus apetalis.
Inundated during its flowering time, in slow-flowing
places of rivers, in Pensylvania; the flowers so diminutive
that to examine them it requires a strong microscope.

T"o . .9. p. 2

HEX-ANDRIA TRIGYNIA. Helonias.
bblongis, seminibus angusto-linearibus.-Mich. fl.
amer. 1. p. 212.
In shady wet woods of Carolina and Georgia.1/.. July.
v.s.
4. H. scapo folioso, racemo oblongo conferto, bracteis seta- aspllOdeloides.
ceis, filamentis basi latiorilms corollam requantibus,
foliis subulato-setaceis.-Willd. sp. pl. 2. p. 275.
Icon. Bot. mag. 748. Pluk. manto t. 342. f 3.
On the sandy plains of New Jersey and Carolina.1/..
May, June. V. v. Flowers white, small; root a kind
of bulb: the leaves form large tufts resembling those
of some Carices.
5. H. scapo folioso, raceme specioso laxo, bracteis membran
ace is, petalis ellipticis, filamentis filiformibus coroll
am superantibus, foliis subulato-setaceis longissimis.
lenax.
On high lands near the Rocky-mountains. M. Lewis.
]t. June. v. S. Flowers white; anthers yellow. It
approaches near to tfle foregoing species, but its flowers
are three times brger, and probably an essential
distinction may lie in the seed-v'!,sel, which I have
not seen. This plant is very useful to the natives:
out of its very tenacious leaves they weave thier watertight
baskets, which they use for cooking their victuals
in.
6. H. scapo folioso, racemo spicato nutante, pedicellis
brevissimis subebracteatis, tilamentis corolla longioribus,
petalis linearibus, foliis oblongo-Ianceolatis.
H.lutea. Bot. mag. 1062.
H. pumila. Jacq. ie. rar. 2. t.453.
Veratrum luteurri. !FiLld. sp. pl. 4. p. 89i.
Melanthium dioicum. Trait. fl. car. 126.
Melanthium densum. Lam. encycl. 4. p. 26.
In dry shady and hilly silu3tions: Pensylvania to Georgia.
11.. July. v. v. Root bulbous, known by the name
of Star-wort, and considered a remedy in colic.
Flower white, male and female on different plants,
which is a singularity in this family of plants.
Jacquin's H. pUlIlila is without doubt an llnexpanded
spike of a male of this species: the appearance of a
germen inferum is occasioned by the male flower
being divested of its petals; and no female fj'uctification
appearing, the small pedicel was considered to be the
rudiments of a germen.
R2
243
dioica.

HBXANDRIA POLYGYNIA. Alisma. 253
A. P.lantago. Mich . .fl. amer. 1. p. 218.
In ditches and ponds, common: Canada to Florida. 1!-.
July. v. v.
2. A. foliis ovalibus subcordatis abrupte acuminatis 5-nervi- parvijlora.
bus umbellis composite verticillato-patiiculatis, perlicellis
filiformibus.
In salt-marshes, on the coast of New Jersey and Pensylvania.
1!-. July, ,-\ ug. v. v. Leaves and flowers
small. Both species approach near to A. Plantago,
but are sufficiently distinct to admit them to be called
species.
3. A. pusilla; foliis lineari-subulatis, umbellis subsimplici- sulJUlata.
bus.-Willi. sp. pl. 2. p. 279.
In overflowed places: New York to Florida, scarce;
plentifully on the shores of the Delaware near Philadelphia,
to tbe edge of low water mark. 0. Aug.
v. v. A small plant, with flowers in proportion large.
4. A. foliis ovatis obtusis, pedunculis solitariis. TVilId. sp. natans.
pl. 2. P.278.
In stagnant waters, on tbe banks of the St. Laurence.
2/.. July. v. s.

Fti-b.l

266
d,asycarpum.
barbatum.
saccharinum.
nigrum.
OCT ANDRIA MONOGYNIA. Acer.
Icon. Mich. arb. 14. Schmidt arb. 1. t.6. Catesb. car. I.
t.62.
In low woods: Canada to Florida. It. April, May.
v. v. A middle sized tree: flowers lind seeds red;
commonly known under the name of Red.maple or
Swamp-maple.
2. A. foliis palmato-5-lobis basi truncal is inrequaliter in.
ciso-dentatis sublus glabris glallcisque, sinubus oblusis,
floribus conglomeratis, pf'dicellis brevissimis, germinibus
lomentosis.-Willd. sp. pl. 4. p. 985.
A. eriocarpum. Mich.}t. arner. 2. p. 253.
A. tomentosum. Hort. paris.
Icon. Mich. arb. 13. Schmidt arb. I. t.7.
On the banks of rivers: New England to Georgia. 12.
April, May. v. v. A large tree; flowers and seed
greenish-yellow; known by the name of White- or
Soft·maple.
3. A. foliis ovato-cordatis breviter trilobis inrequaliter serratis
.mbtus ad nervo, pubescentibus glallcisqne, pedun.
culis pilosis masculis ramosis, femineis simplicibus,
calycibus intus barbatis, capsulre alis erectis.-Mich.
fl. amer. 2. p. 252.
A. caroliniallum. If/alt. fl. car. 251.
In deep pine and cedar swamps: New Jersey to Carolina.
It. April, May. lJ. v. A small tree; flowers
pale-green; leaves small.
4. A. foliis palmato-5-lobis basi subcordatis acuminatis sinuato-dentatis
sublus glaucis, pedunculis corymbosis
nutantibus.- Willd. sp. pI. 4. p. 985.
Icon. Mich. arb. 15. Schmidt arb. 1. t. S.
In low rich valleys: Canada to Pensylvania. '2. April,
May. v. v. A large limber tree; flowers yellow.
The sugar prepared Irom the sap of this tree is one
of the greatest conveniences for the inhabitants of the
western cou1ltries, is equal to any other sugar, and
procured with little trouble.
5. A. foliis palmato-5-lobis sinu c1auso cordatis, lobis divaricalis
sinuato-subdentatis subtus pubescentibus, flori·
bus cor}'mbosis, capsulis turgide subglobosis.-Mich.
arb. p. 238.
Icon. Mich. arb. 16.
On mountain lands: New York to Carolina. It. April,
May. v. P. This large tree produces sugar.siruilru:

OCTANDRIA DlGYNIA.
II. DIG YN IA.
346. CHRYSOSPLENIUM. Gen. pl. 763.
1. C. foliis oppositis subrotundis basi in petiolum attenuati; op1mitifolilevissime
crenatis.-Willd. sp. pl. 2. p. 638. 'Urn.
Icon. Fl. dan. 365. Engl. bot. 490.
On rocks in rivulets and springs, near cascades; in shady
situations: Canada to Carolina. 11. May. v. v.
Flowers brownish-yellow. Probably a distinct species,
if compared in the living plants.
III. T R l G Y N I A.
347. POLYGONUM. Gen. pl. 677.
'* Floribus axillaribus.
1. P. floribus 8-andris 3-gynis, ochreis obtusis laceris mem- maruzum.
branaceis, foliis lineari-lanceolatis acutis margine revolutis
carnosis, caule suffruticoso.-Willd. sp. pl. 2.
p.449·
Icon. Cam. epit. 691.
p. P. maritimum floribus carneis speciosis. Cl(]yt. n. 497. roseum.
On the sandy beach: Pensylvania and Virginia. l;? 1/..
Aug. v. v. A small prostrate evergreen plant, with
white or rose-colourecl flowers.
2. P. floribus 8-andris 3-gynis, foliis Ianceolatis margine avicuiare,
scabris, ochreis nervis remotis, caule procumbente
herbaceo. Willd. sp. pl. 2. p. 449.
Jeon. Engl. bot. 1252. Mart . .Ii. rust. t. 91.
«. P. foliis pusillis lanceolato-oblongis. Mich. fl. arner. 1. angustifolip.
237. urn.
f3. P. foliis lato-ovalibus obtusis quasi buxifolium. Mich. latifolium.
l. c.
On pastures and road sides, in gardens, &c. common.
0. April-Oct. v. v. Flowers sessile, white, very
small.
3. P. floribus 3-andris 3-gYllis, foliis lanceolatis, ochreis ramOS1.Stabbreviatis
margilile laceris, ramis interrupte multiflo- mum.

270
t£flue.
Hydropiperoides.
mite.
hirsutuTIl.
lIircinianum.
OCTANDRIA TRIGYNIA. Polygonum.
ris, caulibus stricte-ramosissimis striatis.-M'ich. fl.
orner. 1. p. 237.
P. erectum. Willd. sp. pl. 2. p. 450?
In cultivated grounds: Pellsylvania and Kentucky. e.
June-Aug. v. v. Flowers on short pediceh, green.
ish-white.
4. P. pumilum; foliis longe.linearibus strictis acuminatis,
ochreis tubulosis apice villosis, caule gracili erecto ra.
moso acutangulo, floribus alternis subsolitariis.­
Mich. fl. amer. 1. p. 238.
P. barbatum. Walt. fl. car. 131 ?
In sandy fields and pine-woods: Canada, New Jersey,
and Carolina? 0. July, Aug. V.v. NotabovesiK
inches high, very slender; flowers small, white.
'*"*' Spica gracili.·
5. P. floribus 8·andris semi-3-gynis, foliis lanceolatis gla.
bris, ochreis laxis glabris apice cilia tis maculatis, spi.
cis filiformibus debilibus subcernuis, bracteis remu·
tiuscule alternis.-Mich. fl. amer. 1. p. 238. sub
P. Hydropiperide.
In inundated and exsiccated places; common: Canada
to Carolina. 0. Aug. Sept. v. v. Flowers white;
taste and appearance of P. Hydropiper, but different
in the flowers.
6. P. floribus 8-andris semi.3-gynis, foliis anguste lanceo·
latis subhirsutis, ochreis hirsutis promisse ciliatis, spi.
cis linearibus, bracteis ciliatis subimbricatis.-Pm.
syn. 1. p. 446.
P. hydropiperoides. Mich.fl. amer. 1. p. 239.
III inundated places, along ditches and ponds: Pensyl.
vania to Carolina. 0. June-Sept. v. v. Flowers
pale purple; leaves not acrid.
7. P. floribus 8-andris semi-3-gynis approximatis, foliis sessilibus
lanceolatis, pedllnculo elongato distachyo, spi·
cis linearibus, caule adscendente hirsuto.- Walt. fl·
car. 132. Mich.fl. amer. 1. p. 239. .
In low wet places and in ditches: Lower Carolina and
Virginia. 0. JUly-Sept. v. v.
8. P. tloribus 5-andris 2-gynis inrequalibus, foHis late-ova·
libus, spicis longissime virgatis, floribus remotis.­
Wiltd. sp. pl. 2. p. 442.
In shady woods: Canada to Florida. ¥. June, July.
v. v.

X. DECANDRIA.
-
I. MONOGYNIA.
* Monopetalce.
355. ARBUTUS. Cal. 5-partitus. Cor. ovata: basi ore
pellucida. Racca supera, 5-locularis.
356. GAULTHERIA. Cal. 5-fidus, basi bibracteatus.
Cor. ovata. Cups. 5-1oculari., vestita calyce baccato.
357. VACCINIUM. Cal. 4-5-fidllS. Cor. urceolata aut
campanulata, 4-5-fida: laciniis reflexis. Filam. germini
inserta. Bacca infera, 4-5-locularis, polysperma.
358. A:-':DROMEDA. Cal. 5-partitus. Cor. ovata: ore
5-fido, reflexo. Caps. supera, 5.loculari5, valvulis
dissepimento contrariis.
35g. KALMIA. Cal. 5-partitus. Cor. hypocrateriformis :
limbo subtus 5-corni, in quorum foveis antherre incumbunt.
Caps. 5-1ocularis.
360. EPIG1EA. Cal. 5-partitus, extus tribracteatus. Cor.
hypocrateriformis. Caps. 5-1oculari,. Recept. 5partita.
361. RHODODENDRON. Cal.5·partitus. Cor. sl1binfundibuliformis,
illrequalis. Stam. declinata. Capli.
5-1ocularis.
362. RHODORA. Cal. 5-dentatus. Cor.3-petala. Slam.
declinata. Caps. 5-1ocularis.
U Polypetalce; Regulares.
363. PYROLA. Cal. 5-partitus. Pet. 5. Stylus staminibus
longior. Ca/Js. 5-1ocularis, angulis dehiscens.
364. CHIMAPHILA. ·Cal. 5-partitus. Pet. 5. Stigma
5essile crassum, urbiculatum, genuine immerso.

•
, .
7fd.J . .L/... p. .3 U';!.

804
mU$cipula.
DECANDRIA MONOGYNU.
370. DIONJEA. Gen. pl. 729.
1. Dionrea. Willd. sp. pl. 2. p. 574.
Icon. Bot. mag. 785. Pe1lt. maIm. 29.
In bogs of North Carolina, near Wilmington.1/.. July,
!\ug. v. v. This singular and interesting plant,
known by the name of Venus's Fly-trap, is fully de.
scribed by the authors above quoted.
371. JUSSIEUA. Gen. pI. 741.
grandijlora. 1. J. erecta; foliis integerrimis, inferioribus spathulatis,
superioribus lanceolatis, fioribus decandris, pedunculis
calycibusque villosis.-Mieh.fl. amer. 1. p. 267.
Icon. Abbot. insect. 1. t. •. • . ,
In swamps and ponds of Carolina and Georgia, near
Savannah. J.j.. July. v. s. Roots creeping; flowen
ereeta.
large, yellow.
2. J. erecta, glabra; foliis lanceolatis, fioribus octandria
sessilibus.-Willd. sp. pl. 2.p. 578.
Icon. Sloan.jam. 1. t.ll.! 1.
In swamps of Virginia and Carolina, about the Dismal.
swamp. J.j.. Aug. v. v. Flowers yellow, smaller
SJi,baeaulis.
than the foregoing one.
3. J. repens, glabra; foliis lineari-Ianceolatis repando-den·
tatis, floribus solitariis octandris pedunculatis, filamen·
tis alternis brevissimis, petalis obovatis.
On the banks of the Missouri.
v. s. Flowers small, yelloVl'.
M. Lewis. J.j.. June.
canadensis.
372. GYMNOCLADUS. Gen. pl. 1537.
1. G. foliis bipinnatis, foliolis ovalibus acuminatis pubes.
centibus.- Willd. sp. pt. 4. p. 816.
Guilandina dioica. Sp. pl. 546.
Icon. Mich. fl. amer. 1. p.51. Mich. arh. 23. Lam.
illustr.623. Duham. arh. 1. t. 103.
In the forests of Canada, western parts of New York,
Tennassee, Ohio, and Kentucky. T;I. May, June.
v. v. A large tree, known by the name of Kentucky
Coffee Tree, and among the CanadiaDs Chicot. :Flow.
ers white. Seed· pods large, dark brown.

nECANDRIA MONOGYNIA. 305
373. ACACIA. Willd. sp. pl. 4. p. 1049.
1. A. inermis; foliis bipinnatis, partialibus 8-jugis, pro- hrachyloha.
priis multijugis, glandula inter par infimum partiaIium,
spicis globosis solitariis pedunculatis axillaribus, legu_
minibus lanceolatis rectis. Willd. sp. pl. 4. p. 1071.
Mimosa illinoensis. Mich.jl. amer. 2. p. 254.
In extensive natural meadows of Illinois and Kentucky.
¥. June, July. v. v. Flowers white, with only
five stamina.
2. A. inermis; foliis bipinnatis, partialibus 1 '2-jugis, pro- glandulosa.
priis multijugis, glandula inler omnia paria partialium,
spicis globosis pedunculatis solitariis axillaribus, leguminibus
falcatis. Willd. sp. pl. 4. p. 1071.
Mimosa glandulosa. Mich.jl. amer. 2. p. 254.
Icon. Vent. choix 27.
On the banks of the rivers Tennassee and Mississippi.
¥. July. v. v. Flowers white, pentandrous.
374. SCHRANKIA. Willd. sp. pl. 4. p. 1041.
. 1. S. aculeata; foliis bipinnatis, partialibus 6-jugis, propriis
multijugis, leguminibus acuminatis, caule pentagono.
Willd. sp. pl. 4. p. 1043.
Mimosa horridula. Mich.jl. amer. 2. p. 254.
Mimosa Intsia. Walt.jl. car. 252.
In old fields and meadows: Virginia to Florida. ¥ .
June, July. v. v. Flowers in globular spikes, red.
It is known by the name of Sensitive Briar.
375. CASSIA. Gen. pl. 700.
uncinata •
1. C. glabra; foliis 3-jugis obovatis subretusis, exterioribus Tora.
majoribus, glandula subulata inter inferiora, peclunculis
paucifloris axillaribus, leguminibus subtetragonis
reclis.-Willd. sp. pl. 2. p. 515.
Icon. Dill. elth. t. 63. f 73. MiLL. diet. t. 82.
In sandy fields of Georgia, near Savannah. 0. July.
v.v. The flowers of all .the species mentioned here
are yellow.
2. C. glabra; foliis sub-5-jugis ovato-Ianceolatis margine occidentalis.
scabris, exterioribus majoribm, glandula basilari, pedunculis
llluititloris axillaribus et subpaniculato-termi-
YOLo I. X

DECANDRIA MONOGYNIA.
378. VIRGILIA. Lam. illustr. t. 326.
1. V. foliis pinna tis, foliolis altern is ovatis brevi-acuminatis
glabris, racemis elongatis penduJis, leguminibus petiolatis
plallis.-Mich. arb. t . ....
On the mountains between Georgia and Tennassee. T;>.
June. v. IJ. S. ft.; v. s. c. fl. et fro in Herb. Lyon.
A handmme tree, resembling Cytisus Laburnum very
much. Its bark gives a beautiful yellow dye.
II. DIG YNIA.
379. HYDRANGEA. Gen. pl. 760.
lutea.
1. H. foliis oblongo-ovatis basi obtusis acuminatis dentatis vulgm·is.
subtus glabris, cymis nudis.
H. arborescens. Willd. sp. pl. 2. p. 633.
Icon. Bot. mag. 437. Lam. illustr. t. 370. f. 1. Mill.
ie.251.
On the banks of rivulets, in shady situations: Pensyl vania
to Virginia. T;>. July, Aug. v. V. A sbrub about
five feet high j flowers white.
2. H.foliis lato-ovatis basi subcordatis acuminatis grosse den- cordata.
tatis subtus glabris, cymis subradiatls.
H. vulgaris. Mieh.fl. amer. 1. p. 268.
On the mountains of Carolina. T;>. June, July. v. V.
This, though nearly allied to the preceding, is a very
distinct species, and easily known from tbat by its more
robust appearance and larger leaves.
3. H. foliis ovatis acuminatis dentatis subtus niveo-tomen- 7llvea.
tosis: serraturis mucronatis, cymis radiatis.-Mich •
.fl. amer. 1. p.268.
H. radiata. Walt.fl. car. 251.
Icon. Lam. illustr. t. 307.! 2.
On the bead-waters of the Savannah river; in Tennassee,
&c. T;>. July, Aug. v. v. A very ornamental
shrub.
4 H. foliis oblongis sinuato-lobatis dentatis subtus tomen- querci[olia.
tasia, cymis radiatis thyrsoideo-paniculatis.-lPilld.
sp. pl. 2. p. 634.
H. radiata. Smith ic. pict. 12.

llO
Ai'Xoon.
stellaris.
serpyllijolia.
androsacea.
bronchialis.
flivalis.
virsiniensis.
DECANDRIA DlGYNIA. Hydrangea.
Icon. Bartr. it. ed. germ. t. 7.
On banks of rivers: Georgia and Florida. T;l • July,
Aug. v. v. A handsome shrub; flowers in large
clusters, white, changing to red.
380. SAXIFRAGA. Gen. pl. 764.
"* Fuliis indivisis radicalibus; caule subnudo.
1. S. foliis radicalibus aggregatis spatbulatis aeutiuseulis glabris
eartilagineo-dentat is, caule simplici folioso piloso,
calycibus glabris.-Willd. * pl. 2. p.639.
Icon. Jacq. austT. 5. t. 438. Fl. lap. t. 2.f 2.
In Labrador and probably in Canada. Colmaster. 1/..
June, Julv. v. s. in Herb. Dickson. Not above tbree
inches high.
2. S. foliis cuneatis serratis margine pilosis, caule nuda
simplici, petalis acutis, capsula supera.-IVilId. sp.
pl. 2. p. C44.
lcon. Engl. bot. 167. Fl. dan. 23. Jacq. coil. 1. t.13.
In Labrador and Canada. ColmasteT. 1/.. June, July.
v. s. in Herb. Dickson. Flowers white.
3. S. microphylla, erecta; fuliis m-alibus glabris, eaule
unifloro oligophyllo, petaJis obovatis.
On tbe north-west coast. Nelson.1/.. v. s. in Herh.
Banks. Flowers large.
4. S. pubescens ; foliis spatbulato-linearibus petiolatis, caule
folioso 1-2-floro.
S. andro,acea. Jacq. austr. 38g ?
On the north-west coast. Nelson.1/.. v. s. in Herb.
Banks. Flowers white, small.
5. S. stolonifera; foliis imbricatis subulatis planis mucronalis
spinoso-ciliatis, caule subnudo panieulato.­
WiLld. sp. pt. 2. p. 644.
On the north-west coast. Ndson. 1/.. v. s. in Herb.
Banks.
6. S. foliis subrotundo-cuneatis antice crenatis in petiolum
decurrentibus, caule nudo sirnplici, ftoribus congesti.
racemosis.-Willd. sp. pl. 2. p. 645.
Icon. Fl. lapp. i. 2.f 5. Fl. dan. t. 12. .
In Labrador and Canada.1/.. May, June. v. s. In
Herb. Dickson. N"ot above two inches high; flower.
white.
7. S. tota minutim pubescens; foHis ovaliblls obtusis erenatis
in petiolum decurrentibus, caule subapbyllo pa'

DEGANDRIA DlGYNIA. Saxifraga.
nlculato, ramulis dichotomis, floribns subsessilibm.­
Mich.jl. amer. l. p. 26g.
S. pilosa. Herh. Banks.
Icon., Pluk. aIm. t. 222.f 5.
On rocks and dry hills: New England to Virginia, and
on the Carolina mountains.1/-. May, June.
Variable in size; flowers white.
v. v.
S. S. foHis reniformibus dentatis utrinque pilosis aveniis,
caule nudo paniculato.- Willd. sp. pl. 2. p. 64S.
Geum.
Icon. Lapeyr. t. 14. ,Magn. hort. S8.
p. 12. t. g.f. 12.
Moris. hist. 3.
On the north-west coast. Nelson.1/-. v. s. in Herh.
Banks. Flowers small.
g. S. hirsutissima; foliis elongato-spathulatis acute dentatis, leucanthemi­
, caulibus divaricato-dichotomis, paniculis capillaribus folia.
laxis, calyce reflexo, petalis illrequaJibus.
amer. ',. p. 268.
Mich.jl.
On high mountains of Carolina. Michaux. On the
Peaks of Otter, Virginia. P. 1/-. June. v. v. About
eight inches high; flowers white, elegantly red and
yellow punctated. This and the S. sarmentosa ought
to form a separate genus.
10. S. pubescens; foliis oblongo-lanceolatis utrinque acutis ab- pensylvanica.
solete denticulatis, caule nudo, panicula oblonga, ramis
summitate fasciculifloris.- TViLld. sp. pl. 2. p. 640.
Icon. Dill. elth. t. 253. f 3'tS.
In wet meadows: New York to Virginia.1/-. June.
v. v.
green.
Above a foot high; flowers small, yellowish­
11. S. glabriuscula; foliis oblongo-lanceolatis acutis eros{)dentatis,
caule nudo, panicula oblonga, mmis divaricato-ramosissimis
laxifloris, pedicellis filiformlbus.
In stony rivulets on tbe higb mountains of Virginia and
erosa.
Carolina.1/-. June, July. v. v. Resembles the
foregoing one in some respects very much.
** Foliis indivisis; cauZe folioso.
12. S. crespitosa; foliis caulin[s oppositis imbricatis ovati, oppositifolia.
obtusis, summis ciliatis, floribus terminalibus solitariis
sessilibus.-Willd. sp. pi. 2. p. 648.
Icon. Engl. bot. g. Fl. dan. 34. Fl lapp. t. 2.f ' .
In Newfoundland and Labrador.1/-. May. v. v.; v. s.
in Herb. Banks. Flowers purple, large.
3U

314
cordiJolia.
reniJormis.
prostrata.
grandijl01'a.
officinalis.
Armcria;
Dl:CANDRIA DIGYNIA. Mitella.
v. v. Flowers white, which is the colour of alI the
following species.
2. M. foliis orbiculato-reniformibus subduplicato-crenatis
luddis, scapo setaceo aphyllo. Mich. fl. amer. 1.
P,270. Lt.1Il. encycl.4. p. 185.
Icon. Lam. illustr. t. 373./ 3.
In Canada. .Michaux. On high mountains of New
York and Pensylvania. 1/.. May, June. v. v.
3. M. foliis reniformibns repandis ciliatis, scapo nudo.-
Lam. encycl. 4. p. 185.
M. nuda. Willd. sp. pl. 2. p. 660.
Icon. Lam. illustr. t. 373.f 2. Gmel. sih. 4. t. 68./ 2.
On the mountains of New Hampshire and Vermont,
and probably in Canada. 2t. June. v. v.
4. M. radice repente, caulibus prostratis, foliis altern is rOo
tundato-cordati, subacutis obtuse sublobatis. Mich.ft.
a1/lfr. 1. p. 270.
In the most southern parts of Canada. MichaUJ.'. On
the mountains of Virginia, near the Sweet-springs.
1/... May, June. v. v.
5. M. hirsutissima; foliis rotundato-cordatis obtuse-Iobati;
dentatis, seapo folio uno alterm'e instructo,fioribus pe·
dicellatis, calycibus campanulatis.
On the north-west coast. Menzies.1/... v. s. in Herh.
Banks. The flowers are more than four times the
size of the other species.
383. SAPONAnIA. Gen. pl. 769.
1. S. calycibus cylindricis, foliis ovato-lanceolatis. WiUd.
sp. pl. 2. p. 667.
leon. Fl. dan. 5-!3. Engl. [·ot. 1060.
Among rubuish, Ilear buildings and cultivated grounds;
sometimes in gravel-pits and on dry hills; probably
introduced from Europe. 2t. July, Aug. v. v.
Flowers white, frequently semi-double.
384. DIANTHUS. Gen. pl. 770.
1. D. floribus aggregatis fasciculatis, squamis calycinis Jan.
ceolatis villosis tubum requantibus. Willd. sp. pI. :4.
p.673.
Icon. Fl. dan. 230. Engl. l·ot. 317.

Dl':CANDRIA DIGYNU. Dianthus.
315
In sandy fields and pine-woods: New Jersey, near
Cooper's Ferry. 0. July. v. v. Flowers small,
rose-coloured.
2. D. floribus aggregatis, pedunculis Iongis, squamis tubo carolinianus.
dimiJio minoribus. Walt.fl. cur. 140.
In Carolina. Walter. +.
385. SCLERANTHUS. Gen. pl. 767.
1. S. calycibus fructus patulis aClltis, caulibus patentibus.
Smithfl. brito 2. p. 458. Wil/d. sp. pl. 2. p. 660.
Icon. FL. dan. 504. Engl. bot. 351.
In dry sandy fields, on the shores of the Delaware, New
Jersey opposite Philadelphia. 0. June, July. V. V.
III. T RIG Y N I A.
386. CUCUBALUS. Gen. pL. 77'.
1. C. glaber, glaucus, decumbens; foliis oblongo-ovalibus
acutis enerviis, calycibus inRato-n:embranaceis I'enosis.
Mich . .fl. amer. J. fJ. 271. Wlltd. sp. pL. 2. p. 684.
Silene inflata. Smith fl. hit. 467.
Icon. Fl. dan. 914. Engl. bot. '64.
In cultivated grounds, near Quebec, Canada_ lVIichaux.
1/.. July. v. v. Flowers white.
2. C. puhescens, erectus: foliis quaterno-verticillatis ovali.
lanceolatis longissime acuminatis.-WiLLd. sp. pl. 2.
p.686.
Icon. Bot. mag. 1107.
In hilly and shady woods: New England to Virginia.
1/.. July, Aug. v. v. Flowers white; the petals
are without a corona .
. 387. SILENE. Gen. pl. 772.
1. S. hirsuta j foliis cuneato-oblongis, summis linearibuo,
petalis suLrotundis integt'rrimi" calycibus fructiferis
erectis subspicatim alternis.-- WiUd. sp. pl. 2. p. 691.
Icon. Buli. ie. 183 . . Engl. bot. 86.
On the sea-coast of Carolina; near Charlestown. 0.
June, July. v.v. Flowers small, crimson.
annuus.
stellatus.
quin'luevul-
71era.

320 DECANDRJA TETRAGYNJA. :Mi.cropetalum.
lanceolatum. 2. M. glabrum; foHis lanceolatis utrinque angusratis, floribus
paniculatis, petalis ovatis brevissimis.-Pers.l. c.
Mich. I. c.
00 moist rocks: Canada to Pensylvaoia. "11-. July. fl. fl.
gramineum. 3. M. glaberrimum; foliis linearibus erect is, panicula ter.
minali laxa, pedicellis filiformibus, petalis lanceolatis
longitudine d!lycis.-Pers.l. c. Mich. I. c.
Near springs and shady rocks: New York to Virginia.
"11-. June, July. v. v.
A. fasciculata probably belongs to this genus.
6rvenS1S.
saginoides.
vulgatum.
viscosum.
V. PENTAGYNIA.
391. SPERGULA. Gen. pl. 798.
1. S. foliis filiformibus verticilJatis, panicula dichotoma,
pedunculis fructiferis reflexis, seminibus reniformibus.
Witld. sp. pl. 2. p.8IS.
Icon. Fl. dan. 1033. Engl. bot. 1535.
In sandy fields: Pensylvania) New Jersey, &c. 0.
June, July. v. v.
2. S. foliis oppositis subulatis nudis, pedunculis solitariis
longissimis glabris. Smith.fl. brito 2. p. 504.
Icon. Engl. bot. 2105.
In sandy fields: Carolina. 0. June. July. fl. s. ill
Herb. Enslen.
392. CERASTIUM. Gen. pl. 797.
1. C. hirsutum, viscidum, crespitosum; foliis ovatis, pe.
talis oblongis calyce subrequalibus, floribus pedunculo
longioribus. Smith.fl. brito 2. p. 496. Willd. sp.
1Jl.2. p. 811.
Icon. Engl. bot. 789. Vaill. par. t. 3o.f 3.
In dry fields and among rocks; frequent: New England
to Pensyh·ania. 0. April-June. v. V. Thetlowers
of tbe whole genus are white.
2. C. hirsutum, Viscosllm, diffllsum; foliis lanceolato.ob.
longis obtusiusculis, petaJis obovatis calyce vix longio.
ribus, floribus peduneulo brevioribus.-WiLld.sp. pI. 2.
p.812.

XI. ICOSANDRIA .
. I. MONOGYNIA.
399. CACTUS. Cal. superus, monophyIlus, imbricatus.
Cor. multiplex. Stigm. multifidum. Bacca 1-10cularis,
polysperma.
400. BARTONIA. Cal. superus, 5-fidus. Cor. polypetala.
Caps. cylindrica, l-locularis, apiee operculatim
3-5-valvis. Recept. 3-5. parietalia, duplici serie
seminifera .
.(01. DECUMARIA. Cal. superus, 8-12-fidus. Pet. 8
-12. Caps. 7-1O-10cularis, polysperma.
'(oZ. PHILADELPHUS. Cal. superus, turbinatus, 4-5fidus.
Pet. 4-5. Styl. 4-fidus. Caps. 4-5-locularis,
polysperma.
403. CHRYSOBALANUS. Cal. inferus, campanulatus,
5-fidus. Pet. 5. Stylus lateralis. Drupce nux ovata,
5-falcata, 5-valvis, l-sperma.
404. PRUNUS. Cal. illferus, campanulatns, 5-fidus, deciduus.
Pet. 5. Stylus terminalis. Drupte nux
suturis prominulis.
405. TIGAREA. Cal. inferus, campanulatns, 5-partitus.
Pet. 5. Caps. folliculiformis, sutura laterali dehiscens.
Sem. unicum.
406. LYTHRUM. Cal. inferus, tubnlosus, 12-dentatus,
basi requali. Pet. 6. requalia. Caps. 2-locularls, po_
lysperma .
. 407. CUPHEA. Cal. inferus, tnbulosus, 6-12·dentatns,
basi hinc gibbus. Pet. 6. inrequalia. Caps. l-locularis,
hine cum ealyee longitudinaliter dehiscens.
II. DI-PENTAGYNIA.
40B. FOTHERGILLA. Cal. inferus, truncatus, obsolete
crenatus. Cor. O. Germen bifidum. Styli 2. Caps.
2-locularis. Sern. solita ria, ossea.

ICOSANDRIA MONOGYNIA. 32g
402. PHILADELPHUS. Gen. pl. 840.
1. P. foHiIi ovatis acuminatis integerrimis, calycis laciniis inodorus.
acutis, stylo staminibus longiore indiviso, stigmatibus
quatuor oblongis.-Willd. sp. pl. 2. p. 948.
Icon. Catesb. car. 2. t. 84. Bot. mag. 1478.
On the banks of rivers' in South Carolina. Tt. June,
July. v. v. An elegant shrub: flowers large, white.
2. P. foliis ovatis acutis subintegerrimis, margine cilia tis, Lewisii.
calycis laciniis acutis, stylo longitudine staminum 3fido,
stigmatibus tribus.
On the waters of Clarck's river. 'It. July. v. s. in
Herb. Lewis. The flowers are smaller than the preceding
species.
3. P. [olii. ovatis acuminatis denticulatis, axillis venarnm grandiflorus.
subtus fasciculato-pilosis, calycis laciniis acuminatis,
stylo staminibus longiore indiviso, stigmatibus quatuor
linearibus.-W iUd. enum. 511.
P. iuodorus. Hortul.
On river banks in South Carolina and Georgia. f( .
June, July. '/J. v. This is generally found in most
gardens, under the name of P. inodol'us, which is by
far a more scarce plant.
403. CHRYSO.BALANUS. Gen. pl. 850.
1. C. foliis subcuneatim oblongis vel etiam oblanceolatis oblongifoliu5.
subtus lanuginoso-incauis, petalis subrotundo-ob-ovalibus,
staminibus glabris, fructibus oblongo-ovatis.-
Mich . .fl. amer. 1. p. 283.
Icon. Bartr. iter, t . •...
In the barren sands of Georgia and Florida. f(. May,
June. v. s. in Herb. Lyon. Flowers white, very
small, in large panicles; they are generally dioicous :
the fruit is the size of a common plum. This shrub
rum with its branches under ground, without making
any fibrICs, for a considerable distance; and its side
branches appear from one to two feet above ground,
as a separate small shrub, by which more properly it
might be considered as a tree under ground.
404. PRUNUS. Gen. pl. 849.
J. P. floribus racemosis, racemis erectis elongatis, foliis de-- virginiana..
ciduis ovali-oblongis acuminatis inrequaliter duplicato,-

tC:OSANDIUA POLYG'tNIA. Rubus.
** Suhherhacei.
R. herbaceus, pubescens; fiagellis reptantibus, foliis tet. saxatilil.
natis rhombeis acutis inciso-dentatis nudis, impari pe- is.canadensis.
tiolato, floribus subternis, pedicellis elongatis.-lhich.
fl. amer. l. p. 2g8.
In Canada, and on the mountains of N ew York to Virginia.
1/.. June, July. v. v. Berries small, black.
R. fruticescens, pilis rigidis hispidus; foliis ternatis ro- ooovalis.
tundato-obovalibus serratis nudis, stipulis setaceis, racemis
floriferis subcorym bosis pauciftoris, bracteis
ovatis, pedicellis elongatis.-Mich. fl. amer. 1. p. 2g8.
In swamps, among sphagnum, on the mountains: New
York to Carolina.1/.. May-July. v. v. Berries
with only a few large grains black and sweet .
. R. herbaceus, pusillus; caule inermi subunifloro, foliis Qrcticus.
ternatis glabris obtuse serratis, petal is subrotundis
emarginatis.-Willd. sp. pI. 2. p. 1088.
Jcon. Engl. oot. 1585. Bot. mag. 132.
In Labrador and near Hudson's Ray.1/.. May, June.
II. s. in Herb. Lambert.; v. v. in Hartis. Flowers of a
beautiful rose colour; berries amber, very delicious.
i. R. herbaceus, pusillus; caule inermi unifloro, foliis ter- pistillatus.
natis glabris argute serratis, petalis oblongis integris,
stylis approximatis. Smith exot. bot. 2. p. 53. t. 86.
R. acaulis. Mich.fl. arner. I. p.-2g8.
III bogs of CanaJa, and on the north-west coast. 1/. •
June, July, v. s. in Herb. Dickson. Resembles the
foregoing one very much.
1. R. herbaceus, pusillus, repens; foliis pedato-quinatis pedatus.
incisis, pedunculis filiformiuus medio bracteatis, ca-
Iycibus glabriusculis reftexis. Smith ic. ined.f 3. p. 63.
t.63.
On the north-west coast. 111enzies. 1/.. v. s. in Herb.
Banks. Petals white? This species may probably
belong to the genus Dalibarda.
8. R. herbaceus, pusillus; caule inermi uniftoro ereeto, stellatus.
foliis sim'plicibus cordatis triloLis rugoso-venosis, petalis
lanceolatis.-Willd. sp. pl. 2. p. 108g. SmUh ie.
ined.! 3. t. 64.
On the north-west coast. Menzies. '1j.. v. s. in Herb.
Banks. Flowers purple.
g. R. herbaceus, pusillus; caule inermi unifloro erecto, ChamamwrllS.

JCOSANDRIA POLYGYNJA.
419. POTENTILLA. Gen. pl. 866.
"" Foliis ternatis.
1. P. assurgens, glabriuscula; stipulis subulatis, foliis ter- tridentata.
natis oblongo-cuneiformibus apice tridentatis adpressopilosiusculis,
corymbo laxo paucifloro, petalis oblongoohovatis
calyce longioribu5.-Willd. sp. pl. 2. p. 1110.
Icon. -Ait. kew. 2. t. g. Engl. bot . ..••
On rocks in Canada and on the highest peaks of the Allegany
mountains, particularly at Grandfather-mountains,
Carolina. 11-. June, July. v. s. in Herb. Didson.;
v. v. in Hartis. Flowers white. According to
Willdenow, and the figure of P. retl/sa in the Flora
Danica, which is quoted as a synonym, the flowers
are yellow; but this figure, if correct, presents most
certainly a different plant, as the petals are round, and
only the length of the calyx.
2. P. assurgens, hirsuta; stipulis ovatis integerrimis, foliis emarginata.
ternatis, foliolis sessilibus approximatis ambitu inc isodentatis
utrinque hirsutis, pedicellis paucis terminalibus
elongatis unifloris, petalis cuneato-oblongis emarginatis
calyce duplo longioribus.
In Labrador. Colmaster. 11-. v. s. in Herb. Dickson.
A small species; flowers large in proportion.
3. P. assurgens, lanato-tomentosa; stipulis ovatis integerri- rtWe,1.
mis, foliis ternatis, foliolis sessilibus approximatis ambitu
inciso-dentatis supra hirsutis subtus niveo-tomentosis,
pedunculis paucis terminalibus unifloris, petal is
lato-obcordatis calyce vix longioribus.- fVilld. sp. pt. 2.
p.1Iog.
Icon. Gmel. sib. 3. t. 36.f 1. Gunn. nOTV. t. 3.f. 1.
In Labrador. Colmaster. 11-. June, July. u. s. in Herb.
Dickson. Flowers yellow.
4. P. assurgens, sericeo-villosissima; stipulis latis membra- villosa.
naceis integerrimis, foliis ternatis, foliolis sessilibus
approximatis ambitu inciso-dentatis, supra villis nitidis
adpresso-villosis, subtus cano-tomentosis, pedunculis
brevibus aggregatis, petalls obcordatis calyce longioribus.
P. villosa. Pallas in Herb. Lambert.
On the north-west coast. 11-. u. s. in Herb. Lambert.
This species approaches in general character very near
to the foregoing one, but in habit they ditfer strikingly
j the last is a more robust plant, covered with shin-
YOLo I. 2 A
3.:33

hirsllta.
llorwegica.
pumila.
canadensis.
simplex.
ICOSANDRIA 1'0LYGYNU. Potentilla.
ing silky hairs, and the flowers are more than 'double
the size of the former, which is a small plant covered
with a white woolly tomentum. It approaches also to
P. subacaulis Willd. sp. pl. 2. p. 1111. according to
description, but Gmelin's figure is ex.tremely dift'etent
from it.
5. P. erecta, simplex, hirsutissima; stipulis lanceolatis integris,
foliis ternatis obovalibus laciniato.incisis, panicuI
a pauciflora, pedicellis brevibus, petal is calyce minoribus.-Mich
. .fl. anler. 1. p. 303.
In Canada and the western parts of New York. '1/..
July, Aug. v. v. Flowers white, small.
6. P. erecta, ramosa, pubescens; stipulis ovalibus dentatil,
foJiis ternatis rhombeo-lanceolatis inciso·dentatis, ramis
dichotomis, pedieellis brevi bus axillaribus solitariis,
petalis ealyee brevioriblls.-Willd. sp. pl. 2.
p. 1109·
Icon. Fl. dan. 171-
In fields of Canada and New York. 0. June, July.
v. v. Flowers pale yellow.
* * Foliis digitatis.
7. P. ereeta, subacaulis, pubeseens; foliis quinatis cuneiformibus
apice dilatatis incisis SubtllS lanuginosis, peduneulis
petiolo brevioribus simplieiblls unifloris, petalis
rotllndatis calyee vix longioribus.-Lam. encycl. 5.
P·594.
In dry fields and pastures: Canada to Virginia.1/..
May-July. v. v. It has a strong resemblance to
P. verna; flowers pale yellow.
s. P. procurnbens, subramosa, eandicanti-serieea; stipulis
ova tis incisis, foliis quinatis cuneato-obovalibus incisodentatis,
caule adscendente hirsuto, pedunculis solitariis
elongatis, calycis laciniis lineari-Ianceolatis, petaii5
orbiculatis subintegris longitudine calycis.-Willd.
sp. pl. 2. p. 1106.
In fields and pastures, common: Canada to Carolina.
1/.. May-Aug. v. v. Has the appearance of a
strawberry plant; flowers bright yellow.
g. P. ereeta, simplex, hirsuta j stipulis incisis, foliis quinatis
oblongo-ovalibus grosse-serratis superioribus sessilibus,
pedunculis axillaribus solitariis elongatis unifloris,
calycis laciniis lineari-Ianceolatis, petalis rotundato-obcordatis
calyee longioribus.-Mich.fl. amer. 1. p.303..

OLYANDRIA rOLYGYNIA. Anemone.
virginianu.
leon. Linn. fit. dec. 2. t. 15.
In wet woods and natural meadows: Canada and the
we5tern parts of New York. ¥. May, June. v. v.
Flowers white, with a tinge of red on the under side,
.smaller than the foregoing species.
10. A. caule dichotomo, foliis ternis ternatis, superioribUI
oppositis, foliolis inciso-Iobatis serratisque acutis, pedunculis
solitariis unifloris elongatis, seminibus capitulo
oblongo lanatis mucronatis.-Willd. sp. pl. 2.
p.1279·
Icon. Herm.parad. t. 18.
In woods, on the side of dry sandy hills: Canada to Ca­
Tolina. 1/.. May, June.
ish -yellow.
v. v. Flowers small, green­
Cornu/i.
dioicum.
t'ugosum.
pul1escens.
458. THALICTRUM. Gen. pl. 951.
1. T. foliis surradecompositis, foliolis ovatis trifidis, pani.
culis terminalibus.-Witld. sp. pl. 2. p. 1296.
Icon. Corn. canad. 186.
On the banks of rivers and in wet meadows: Canada
to New England. ¥. June, July. v. v. From two
to three feet high; flowers small and greenish-yellow.
2. T. lrevigatum; foliis supradecompositis, foliolis subretundis
corda tis obtuse-lobatis subtus glaucis la:vibus,
paniculis axillaribus fi!iformibus folio brevioribus, flo·
ribus parvis in umbellis pauciftoris.-Willd. sp. pl. 2.
p. 1296.
T. I

- - ---------- --

./lavicomus.
pentapetalus.
reniformis.
fretida.
POLYANDRIA POLYGYNt!.
467. CYAMUS. Salisb. in annals of hot. 2. p. 7$,
Nelumbium. Willd. sp. pl. 2. p . •.••.
1. C. foliis peltatis orbiculatis integerrimis, corolla polype.
tala, antheris superne linearibus.-Salish. t. c.
Nelumbium luteum. Willd. sp. pl. 2. p. 1259.
Nymphrea Nelumbo {3. Sp. pI. 730.
Icon. Bartr. ie. inl:d. in mus. Banks.
In ponds and lakes of Carolina and Virginia; also near
Philadelphia, in ditches and ponds of Brobston's mea.
dows. 1/.. July. v. v. Flowers . large, yellow, reo
sembling a double tulip. The seeds are veryagreea.
ble to eat, and eagerly sought for by children and In.
dians. By the latter it is supposed they were intro.
duced to those ponds near Philadelphia, as there is no
other instance known to have been found so far north.
Walter mentions his Nelumbo to have white flowers;
this variety I have never seen.
2. C. foliis peltatis orbiculatis integerrimis, calyce penta.
phy 110, corolla pen tapetala.
Nelumbium pentapetalum. Willd. sp. pl. 2. p. 1259.
Nymphrea pentapetala. TValt . .fl. car. 155.
In North and South Carolina.1/.. July. v. s. Flowers
large, white. A specimen seen in the collection of a
gentleman in Carolina ascertains the existence of this
formerly doubtful plant; but unfortunately I took no
notes at that time, being in expectation of seeing the
living plant.
3. C. foliis reniformibus, corolla polypetala.
Nellllllbilllll reniforme. Willd. sp. pl. 2. p. 1260.
Nymphrea reniformis. Walt. fl· car. 155.
In Carolina. Walter.1/.. +. This is a doubtful species!
and probably a plant belonging to a different genus.
468. POTHOS. Gen. pl. 210.
1. P. acaulis; foliis ovatis cordatis, spadice subgloboso.-
Mich . .fl. amer. 2. p. 186.
Dracontiurn feetidurn. TVitld. sp. pl. 2. p. 288.
Icon. Bot. mag. 836. Catesb. car. 2. t.71.
In low grounds, qn the side of shady rivulets and springs:
Canada to Virginia. ¥. Feb.-April. v. v. Leaves
large; flowers several, almost sessile on the ground,

400 POLYANDRI.\ POLY$YNIA. Arum.
JUly. v. v. Flowers handsomely green and yellow,
or green and purple striped. Roots known as a rotdicine
among the natives, particularly in colics: they
are generally called Indian Turnips.
Dracontium. 5. A. ilc311le; foliis pedatis, foliolis lanceolato-obl6ngis integerrimis,
spadice subulato spatha oblonga convoluta
longiore.-Willd. sp. pi 4. p. 4i8.
Icon. Pluk. aIm. t. 2i1.J. 2. •
In shady woods: Virginia to Florida. 1).. June. July.
fl. V.

402
tntJYNAMtA.
483. MARRUBIUM. Cal. hypocrateri£ormis, rigldus,
lO-striatus. Cor. labium superius bifidurn, Iineare,
rectum.
484. HYPTIS. Cal. 5-dentatus, crescens. Cor. ringens:
labium superius bifidum, inferius tripartitum, lacinia
media sacculiformi. Starn. tubi ventri inserta, declinata.
485. PYCNANTHEMUM. Involucrum multibl'3cteatum,
capitulis subjectum. Cal. tubulatus, striatus. Cor.
labium superius subintegrum, inferius trifidum. Starn.
subcequalia.
U Calyces bilabiati.
486. CLTNOPODIUM. Im'olucrum multisetum, verticillo
subjecturn. Cor. labium superius planum, obcordatum,
rectum.
487. ORIGANUM. Strobilus tetragonus, spicatus, caly.
ces colligens. Cor. labium superius erectum, planum:
inferius tripartitum: lacilliis cequalibus.
488. DRACOCEPHALUM. Cor. faux infiata, labium
superim concavum.
489. PRUNELLA. Cor. labium superius dilatatum.
FiLam. bifurca: altero apiee antherifera. Stigm. bi·
fidllm.
490. SCUTELLARIA. Cal. ore integro, post floreseen·
tiam clauso, opercula to. Cor. tubus elongatus.
491. THYMUS. Cal. campanulatus, faux villis c!ausa.
COl'. labium superius planum, emarginatum.
492. CALAMINTHA. Cal. defioratus villis clausus. Cor.
fauce inflata, labia sllperiore emarginato, inferiore
tripartito: lacinia intermedia integra, subemarginata
aut erenulata.
493. HEDEOMA. Cal. basi gibbus. Cor. ringens. Starn.
2. sterilia.
494. TRICHOSTEMA. Cor. labium superius falcatum.
Starn. longissirna.
II. ANGIOSPERMIA.
*' G,/:,i'es 'luinqU/jidi .
.(95. LINN lEA. Cut. s"peru5, duplex: fructus 2-phyllus;
floris 5-partitus. Cor. C"drnpanulata. Bacca sicca,
3-1ocularis. '
496. PHRYMA. Cal. cylindricl1s, supra longior, trifidu!,
infra bidcntatus. Cor. labium superius ernarginatllm,
inferius majus. Sern. unicum.

40(5
manana.
nepetoides.
scrophularifalius.
Cataria.
DIDYNAMIA GYMNOSPERMIA.
475. CUNILA. Gen. pi. 46.
1. C. foliis ovatis serratis sessilibus, corymbis terminalibul
dichotomis.- WiLld. sp. pl. 1. p. l22.
Icon. PLuk. 1Izunt. t. 344. f 1.
On dry shady hills: \.\Jew York to O!lrolina. ¥. June,
Jnly. v. v. Flowers red. The whole berb has an
aromatic scent, and is used as tea in severe colds and
other complaints, under the name of Dittan'!l'
476. HYSSOPUS. Gen. pl. 963.
1. H. spids verticillatis cylindricis, stylis corolla brevioribus,
foliis subcordatis ovatis acuminatis acute dentatis.­
Willd. sp. pl. 3. p. 4S.
Icon. Jr.cq. hort. J. t. 69. Pluk. alm. t. 150. f 3.
In fertile shady woods, along hedges: Pensylvania- to
Virginia. 1l. July,- Aug. v. v. From tbree to five
feet high; flowers in long close spikes, yellowish.
2. H. spicis verticillatis cylindricis, stylis corolla Jongioribus,
foliis cordatis ovatis acuminatis obtnse denlatis.­
Wiild. sp. pL. 3. p. 'lS.
Agastache. Gronov . .ft. virgo 8S.
Icon. Herm. pamd. t. lOO.
In wet copses and on tbe banks of rivers: Pensylvania
to Virginia; rare. 11-. July, Aug. V. v. Seldom
above two feet high; flowers purple.
477. NEPETA. Gen. pl. 964.
1. N. floribus spicatis, verticillis subpedicellatis, foliis petiolatis
cordatis dentato-serratis. TV illd. sp. pl. 3.
P·49·
Icon. Fl. dan. 580. Scilkuhr kandb. 157.
On road sides and in cultivated gronnds: frequent. JJ..
July, Aug. v. V. Flowers ,,·hile. Common Catnep,
so we:l known as :1 domestic medicine, has probably
been introduced from Europe.
478. LAMIUM. Gen. pi. 971-
Q?Ilplezicaule. 1. L. foliis floralibus sessilibus amplexicaulibus oLtulis.
WiLld. sp. pl. 3. p. gO.
P"llichia amplexicaulis. Roth germ. 1. p. 254.
Icon. Fi. dan. 752. Schkuhr handb. 159.

410 DlDYNAMIA GYMNOSPERMIA. Pycnanthemum.
Satureja virginiana. Sp. pl. 2. p. 793.
Origanum fiexuosum. Walt.fl. car. 165.
Icon. He-r1n. parad. t. 218. Pluk. aim. t. 54.j. 2.
In dry swamps and mountain meadows: New England
tll Carolina.1/.. July, Aug. v. v. Flowers very
small, entirely white. This and the following species
approach so near to the genus Westringia, that they
almost ought to be added to that genus.
** Staminibus inclusis.
lanaolatum. 6. P. caule stricto ramosissimo asperiusculo, foliis lioeari.
lanceolatis venosis integerrimis, capitulis terminalibus
f1sciculato-corymbosis.
Brachystemum lanceolatum. Willd. enum. 623.
In dry swamps and on the banks of rivers: Pensylvania
to Virginia. ¥. July, Aug. v. v. Resembles the
foregoing species very much; flowers white; the lower
lip of the corolla has purple dots.
muticum. 7. P. foliis ovato-Ianceolatis subdentatis glabriusculis, capi.
tulis terminalibus, bracteis lanceolatis acutiusculis.­
Pers. syn. 2. p. 128.
Brachystemum muticum. Mich.fl. amer. 2. p. 6.
Icon. Mich.fl. amer. 2. t.32.
In Upper Carolina. Michaux. ¥. +.
verticilllltum. 8. P. foliis ovato-lanceolatis integerrimis, verticillis sessi.
libus compactis, bracteis acuminatis.-Pers. sYTl. 2.
'Vulgare.
p. ]28.
Brachystemum verticillatum. Mich . .fl. amer. 2. p. 6.
Origanum clinopodioides. Walt.fl. car. 165.
Icon. Mich . .fl. amer. 2. t.31-
In the mountains: Pensyl vania to Carolina.1/.. July,
Aug. v. v.
486. CLINOPODIUM. Gen. pl. 980.
1. C. capitulis verticillatis, bracteis setaceis hispidis, foIiis
superne pilosis remote dentatis, caule subsimplici.
Willd. sp. pl. 3. p. 131.
Icon. Fl. dan. g30. Engl. bot. 1401.
In dry stony fields and woods: Canada to Virginia. ¥.
July, Aug. :Flowers pale purple or rose· coloured.

DmYNAMIA GYMNOSPllKMJA.
487. ORIGANUM. Gen. pl. 981.
1. O. spicis subrotupdis paniculatis conglometatis, bracteis
calyce longioribus ovatis. Willd. sp. pl. 3. p. l::l5.
Icon. Fl. dan. 638.
In dry stony fields and woods: Pensylvania to Virginia.
J.t. July, Aug. v. v. Flowers pale red.
488. DRACOCEPHALUM. Gen. pl. 984.
41f
lIulgart.
1. D. spicis brevibus tetragonis, bracleis ovatis acutis, caly- variegatum.
cis dentibus inrequalibus, foliis arcte ses,ilibus oval ioblongis
superne denticulatis. Vent. hart. eels t. 44.
cum icone.
Prasium incarnatum. 'Valt.Jl. car. 165.
In Lower Carolina. J.t. Aug. Sept. v. v. Flowers
, blueish-red, with white stripes, very ornamental.
2. D. spicis elongatis confertifloris, bracteis sububtis, ca_ virginianum.
lycis dentibus brevibus subrequalibus, foliis Iinearilanceolatis
serrati".-WilLd. sp, pl. 3. p. 149.
Icon. Bot. mag.467. Rob. ie. 207.
In mountain meadows: Virginia and Carolina. J.t •
Jllly--Sept. v. v. Flowers reddish-purple. There is
a taller variety with dark plJl'ple flowers.
3. D. spicis elongatis remotifloris, bracteis subulatis, ca- denticulatum.
lycis dentiblls subrequaliblls, foliis obovato-Ianceolatis
superne denticulatis. -IVzlld. sp. pi. 3. p. 150.
Prasium purpureum. Walt.fl. car. 166.
Icon. Bot. mag. 214,
III the mountalOs of Virginia and Carolina. 21-. July­
Sept. v. v. Resembles the former very much; it iii
always smaller in size, and weakly in stem.
489. PRUNELLA. Gen. pl. 990.
1. P. foHis petiolatis oblongo-ovatis basi dentatis, calycis vulgaris.
labiis in

DlDYNAMIA GYMNOSPERMIA. Trichostema.
2. T. foJiis ovato-lanceolatis, ramulis floriferis oppositis pa.
niculatis, staminibus brevibus inclusis.-WiLld. sp.
pi. 3. p. liO.
Icon. Dill. elth. t. 285. f. 369·
In Virginia. Dillen. 0. v. s. in Herh. Banks. Flowers
blue.
II. AN G lOS PER M I A.
495. LINNlEA. Gen. pl. 1037.
1. L. caule prostrato, ramulis floriferis erectis bifioris, foliis
subrotundis antice crenatis.-rVilld. sp. pl. 3. p. 340.
Icon. Fl. dan. 3. Engl. bot. 433 Fl. lapp. t. 12.f. 4.
In old fir-woods of Canada and New Engiand, and on
the mOL1ntains of New Y ()rk and Pensyhania. Plentifully
in the woods near Wiscasset, Province of Main,
and near the White Lake, on the mountains of New
Jersey.1/.. 1;1. May, June. v. v. Flowers white,
tinged with red. This interesting and handsome
little plant will for et'er be the admiration of the botanist,
should it even be only for the sake of its name.
496. PHRYMA. Gen. pl. 994.
415
brachiata.
borealis.
1. P. foliis ovatis grosse serra tis petiolatis, spicis terminaJi- Leptostachia.
bus gracilibl1s, floribus oppositis.-Willd. sp. pl. 3.
p. 179·
Icon. Pluk. arnalth. t. 380.'[ 5. Lam. illllstr. t. 516.
In shady, rocky woods: Canada to Carolina.1/.. Jnne
-Aug. v. u. Flowers small, white with purple.­
Walter in his Flora Caroliniana has another species
which he calls P. caroliniensis, foliis sessilibus obovato.
oblongis serratis scabris, spica terminali. Of this
plant I was not able to find any information in his
Hirbarium, and strongly suspect he means Salvia
urticifolia by it.
497. VERBENA. Gen. pl. 43.
'iF Foliis laciniatis.
1. V. assurgens; spieis solitariis peduncuJatis imbricatis.
corollarum laciniis emarginatis, foliis ovalibus incisoserratis
petiolatis.-Willd. sp. pl. 1. p. llg.
4uhletia.

DIDYNAMIA ANGIOSPERMIA. Ruellia. 4:11
leis lanceolatis brevibus, ca1ycis laciniis subu1atis tubo
corollre quadruplo brevioribus.
Near Savannah, Georgia. l/.. July. v. s. in Herb.
Enslen •.
5. R. glabriuscula, diffltsa, radicans; foliis in petiolum lon- humi5tratll.
giuscule angus tat is ovalibus obtusis, floribus subsessi.
libus, capsulis linearibus. Mich . .fi. arner. 2. p. 23.
In Georgia and Florida. Michaux. +.
505. BUCHNERA. Gen. pl. 1035.
1. B. caule simplici, foliis lanceolatis subdentatis asperis
trinervibus, spicis remotifloris.-IVilld. sp. pt. 3.
p.3::14.
On dry sandy hills: Pensylvania to Carolina; rare. ]J..
July. v. v. Flowers deep blue.
506. ANTIRRHINUM. Gen. pl. 1007.
american«.
1. A. procumbens, pilosum; foliis altern is hastatis integer- Elatint.
rimis, pedunculis solitariis longissimis.-Willd. sp.
pl. 3. p. 234.
Icon. Fl. dan. 426. Engl. bot. 692.
In sandy fields: Pensylvania to Virginia. 0. July,
Aug. v. v. Flowers yellow mixed with purple.
2 A. erectum, glabrum ; foliis sparsis lanceolato-lineari- Linaria.
bus confertis, spicis terminalibus densifloris, calycibus
glabris calcare brevioribus. -WiUd. $JJ. pl. 3.
p.253.
Icon. Ft. dan. 982. Engl. bot. 658.
In fields and dry hills, near houses; frequent. ]J.. June
-Aug. v. v. Flowers large, yellow. This finelooking
plant is one of the worst and most troublesome
weeds in several parts of Pensyl vania and Virginia.
3. A. assurgens, glabrum, simplicissimum; {oliis sparsis canadense.
erectis angusto-linearibus obtusis remotis, floribns racemosis,
stolonibus procumbentibus.-Willd. sp. pl. 3.
p.255.
Icon. Vent. hart. eels 49.
In low grounds: CanaJa to Carolina. 0. June-Aug.
v. v. Flowers small, purple.
4. A. pusillum, simplex, glabrum ; foliis oppositis linearibus tenellum.
acutis, floribus axiJlaribus brevi-pedunculatis, calyci.
bus call1panulatis.

Tab.18. p. 42!

1M.lO.p.

nIDYN AMIA ANGIOSPERMIA. Pedicularis.
apbylla, calrcibus glabris, capsulis brevibus. Mich.
fl. amer. 2. p. 18.
In the Illinois country. Michaux. ¥.
4. P. caule simplici, foliis lanceolatis pinnatifidis dentatis.
spica foliosa alterniftora hirsl1ta. capsulis in mucronem
gladiaturn exerturn protractis.-lllich·fl. aTTJer. 3.
'P. 18.
In rich soil, in grassy moist places: Pensyl1l3nia to Yirginia.
1j.. May, June. v. v. Flowers }e1low, tinged
with purple j sometimes a foot high.
5. P. caule simplici, foliis pinnatifidis inciso-denlatis, capitulo
basi folioso birsuto, cOl'ollis galea setaceo-bidentata,
calycibus deorsurn truncatis.-lVilld. sp. pl. 3.
p.211.
In woods and meadows: Canada to Carolina. ¥. May
-July. v. v. About a span high; flowers yellowishwhite,
with a tinge of purple.
6. P. canle simplici glabro, foHis lanceolatis dentatis crenatis,
calycibus bifid is truncatis, corolla: galea acuta.
TVilld. sp. pl. 3. p. 206.
Icon. Gmel.fl. sib. 3. t. 44.
In Canada. "1/.. July. v. s. About a foot high; flow.
ers deep purple.
7. P. caule simplici, foliis profunde pinnatifidis, pinnis lanceolatis
pinnatifidis dentatis, spica compaGta foliosa,
calycibu5 glabris quinquedentatis, corolla: galea obtusissima.
Willd. sp. pl. 3. p. 210.
Jean. Jacq. fl. austr. 258.
On the north-west coast. A. lJfenzies; and probably
throughout Canada. "1/.. July. v. s. in Herb. Banks.
Flowers purple.
s. P. caule simplici, foliis profunde pinnatifidis, pinnis Iineari-lan·.eolatis
crenatis, spica laxa subfoliosa, calycibus
glabtis 5-dentatis, corolla: galea obtusa truncata.
IFilld. sp. pt. 3. p. 210.
In low plains, on the water.ofClarck's river. J.l.1. Leu.,is.
"1/.. July. v. s. in Herb. Lewis. Near two feet high;
'flowers purple.
9. P. caule simplici, foHis pinnatifidis, pinnis serratis, ca­
. lycibus bifidis oblongis, corolla: galea unc;nata trunca_
tao TVilld. sp. pt. 3. p. 207.
Jcon. Ft. dan. 2. Fl. lapp. t. 4.f 1.
In Labrador. Colmaster. ¥. July. v. $. i"fl.- Herb,
Dickson. Flowers ylll'lIow.
li' 2
gladiata.
canadensis.
resupinata.
'I'eculita.
elG-ta.
lapponica.

Tau . '£1.. p. 427.

nlDYNAMIA ANGTOSPERMIA. 429
514. RHINANTHUS. Gen. pI. 997.
1. R. corollarum labio superiore emarginato bidentalo, la- Crista galli.
cinia media labii inferioris brevissima. Willd. sp. pl.3.
p.188.
Icon. Schkllhr handb. 169. Fl. dan. 981. Engl. bot. 657.
In fields and meadows: Lower Canada. 0. June, July.
v. v. Flowers yellow. R. virginiclls. Vid. Gerardia
& PedicuLari:; pallida.
515. BARTSIA. Gen. pl. 996.
1. B. foliis altern is linearibus indivisis, superioribus Janceo­
!atis, floralibus subovalibus summitate sllbdentatis, omnibus
3-nervibus, dentibus calycis acutis.-lf"illd. sp.
pl. 3. p. 186. Mich. fl. amer. 2. p. 17.
'Icon. Gmel. fl. sib. 3, t.42.
In Canada and Labrador. On the White-hills of New
Hampshire. Prof Peck. ]J.. July. 7J. s. in Herb.
Lambert. Flowers pale yellow; the fioralleaves purple.
2. B. foliis alternis prrelongo-linearibus, floralibus ovatis
longissime acuminatis 3-nervibus, omnibus indivisis,
floribus bracteis brevioribus, dentibus calycis acutis.
On the north-west coast: Unalashka. ]J.. v. s. in
Herb. Lambert.
3. B. hirsutissima; foliis altern is linearibus inciso-pinnatifidis:
laciniis filiformibus, bracteis membranaceis oblongis
obtusis basi utrinque hastato-un;dentatis floribus
longioribus, calycibus brevi bus pilosis, dentibus subulatis.
On the banks of Clarck's m·er. M. Lewis.1/.. July.
v. s. in Herb. Lewis. About a foot high; flowers
deep yellow; floral leaves tinged with purple.
4. B. foliis alternis linearibus inciso-pinnatifidis, lacinii" linearibus,
bracteis dilatatis plerumque trifidis floriblls
longioribus, dentibus calycis rotundato-obtusis.­
, Willd. sp. pl. 3. p. 185.
Icon. Pluk. atm. t. I02.J. 5. Moris. hist. 3. s. 11. t. 13.
f 28.
ft. B. bracteis coccineis.
{3.B. bracleis lutescentibus. Rarior.
In wet meadows: Canada to Florida. d'. 1/.. June,
July. v. v. Flowers yellow, involved in scarlet floral
leaves, which give this plant a very elegant appearance.
pal/ida.
acuminata.
tenuifolia.
coccinea.
coccinea.
pall ens.

TETRADYNAMJA.
ferre 4. singula intra ealycis foliola, squamre instar
reflexre.
531. TURRITlS. Siliqua longissima, angulata, striata.
Cal. eonnivens, ereetns. Petala erecta.
532. ERASSICA. Cal. ereetus, connivens. Dissepimentum
prominens. Sem. globosa. Glandula inler stamina
breviora et calycem. Siliqua teres, rostrata.
533. DENTARIA. Siliqua elastiee dissiliens, valvulis revolutis.
Dissepimentum subfungosum. Stigma emarginatum.
Cal. eonnivens.
** Calyx hians, folioUs superne distantious.
534. CARDAMINE. Siliqua elastiee dissiliens, valvulis
revolutis. Stigma integrum.
!i35. SISYMBRIUM. Siliqua rostro brevi tereti dehiscens,
valvulis rectitlsculis. Corolla patens.
536. CLEOME. Glandulce neetariferre 3. ad singu!llm
sinum calycis singulre, excepto infima. Pelala omnia
adscendentia. Germen stipitatum. Siliqua I-Iocularis,
2-valvis.
J. S ILl C U LOS A.
520. DRABA. Gen. pl. ) Oi6.
l. D. seapo nuda, foliis oblongis acutis subserratis hirtis,
petalis bifidis, stigmate sessili.-WiLld. sp. pl. 3.
p.4'l6.
Icon. Fl. dan. g83. Engl. oot. 586.
In cultivated grounds and old fields: Canada to Virginia.
0. March-May. v. v. All the species of this genus
are small plants with white flowers.
2. D. seapo nuda, foliis ovaliblls aeutis hirsutissimis, silicllo
lis longo-linearibus glabris approxirnatis.-1I-iich. jl.
amer. 2. p. 28.
D. earoliniana. Walt.fl. car. 174.
In sandy fields: Virginia and Carolina, and on the banks
of the Missouri. 0. April-June. v. v.
3. D. scapo subunifolio adscendente, foliis lanceobtis integerrirnis
subtomentosis: pilis stellatis, petal is retusis.
-Witld.·sp. pl. 3. p. 427.
vema.
Izispidula.
nivalis.

440
pensy lvanica.
pratensis.
lIlultifida.
Nasturtium.
palus!re.
amphibium.
Sophia.
TETRADYNAMIA SILIQUOSA. Cardamine.
7. C. gIabra, ramosa; foliis pinnatis, foliolis subrotundo-oblongis
obtusis angulato-dentatis, siliquis angustis
erectis.-Willd. sp. pl. 3. p. 486.
In low meadows: New York to Pensylvania. ¥. June.
v. v.
8. C. glabra, ereeta, simplex; foliis pinnatis, foliolis radio
calibus subrotundis dentatis, caulinis laneeolatis subintegris,
'raeemis subcorymbosis.-Willd. sp. pl. 3.
p.487.
Icon. Fl. dan. ]039. Engl. 1:ot. 776.
In meadows: Hudson's Bay. ¥. May. fl. s. in Herh.
Banks. Flowers large, reddish purple.
9. C. pubescens, ramosa; foliis interrupte pinnatis, pinnis
bipinnatifidis, laciniis rotundatis incisis, siliquis brevibus.-Herb.
Banks.
In Flurida. Bartram. 1t. v. s. in Herb. Banks.
535. SISYMBRIUM. Gen. pl. 108g.
1. S. siliquis declinatis brevibus, foliis pinnatis, foliolis sub.
rotundis repando-pauci-dentatis. -Wilid. sp. pi. 3.
p.489·
Icon. Fl. dan. 690. Scltkuhr handb. 187.
In rivulets and springs: New England to Virginia. Jt.
June, July. v. v. Water·Cress is found in most
countries; I observed it in abundance in the rivulets
on the high mountains of the island of Dominica.
2. S. siliquis declinatis oblongo-ovatis, foliis pinnatifidis
serratis, petalis calyce brevioribus. Wilid. sp. pt. 3.
P·49°·
S. terrestre. Smithfl. brito 2. P.701.
Icon. Fl. dan. 409. Schkuhr handb. 187.
In inundated and low grounds: Canada to Carolina. 0.
July, Aug. v. V. Flowers yellow.
3. S. siliquis declinatis oblongo-ovatis, foliis oblongo.lan.
ceolatis pinnatifidisve serratis, petalis ealyee longiori.
bus. WiLld. sp. pl. 3. P.491.
Icon. H. dan. 984.
In ponds and dItches: Pensyl vania to Virginia. ¥. June,
Aug. v. v. Flowers yellow.
4 .. S. ioliis pinnato-decompositis subpilosis, petalis calyee
mi[l()ribus. Wit/d. sp pl. 3. p. 500.
Icon. FL. dan. 528. Eng!. b()t. 963.
On road sides: Virginia; rare. 0. July, Aug. v. v.
Flowers very small, pale yellow.

-7ETRADYNAMIA SILIQUOSA. 441
536. CLEOME. Gen. pl. 1099.
1. C. floribus gynandris. foliis quinatis, caule inermi. pentaphylla.
WiLld. sp. pl. 3. p. 564.
Icon. Jacq. hort. vind.24. Rheed. mal. 9. t. 24.
In cultivated grounds: Pensylvania and Virginia; rare.
0. July. v. v. Flowers pale red, of a singular
structure.
2. C. glabra; floribus hexandris, foliis ternatis, foliolis serrulata.
lanceolatis tenuissime serrulatis, racemo elongato,
bracteis linearibus.
On the banks of the Missouri. 0. Aug. v. s. in Herb.
Lewis. Flowers pale purple or white.
3. C. glabrum; floribus dodecandris, foliis ternatis ellipticis, dodecandra.
floribus axillaribus solitariis.-Willd. sp. pl. 3. p. 566.
Icon. Sloan.hist.I. t.124.[ 1.
On the banks of the Mississippi. 0. July. v. v. Flowers
purple.

xv. MONADELPHIA.
-
I. TRIANDRIA.
{i37. PHYLLANTHUS. Cal. 6-partitus, campanulatus.
Cor. o. Styli 3. bifidi. Caps. 3-1oclllaris. Sen!. so.
litaria. Monoicus.
538. MELOTHRJ A. Cal. 5-dentatus. Cor. campanulata.
Stigm. 3. Bacca 3-10cularis, polysperrna.
53g. MOMORDICA. Cal. 5-fidus. Cor.5-partita. Styl.
3-fidus. Pepo sicca elastice dissiliens. Sem. com·
pressa, Monoica.
540. SICYOS. Cat. 5.dentatus. Cor. 5-partita. Styl.
3-fidus. Pepo rnonosperma. Monoica.
II. PENTANDRIA.
541. PASSIFLORA. Cal. 5-partitus. Pet. 5. calyci in.
serta. Nedar. corona filamentosa. Styli 3. Pepo
pedicellata.
542. IRESINE. Cal. 2.phyl\us. Pet. 5. Nectar. 5-6-7.
Stigm. 2. sessilia. Caps. seminibuli tomentosis.
Dioica.
543. ILLECEBRUM. Cal. 5-phyllus, cartilagineus. Cor. O.
Squamulre 5. basi in tuburn connata:. Stigma 2·fi.
dum. Caps. l-sperma, calyce tecta.
544. GALAX. Cal. 5-partitlls. Pet. 5. irno staminum
affixa. Urceolus 10-fidus, laciniis 5. alternis breviaribus,
antheriferis. Stigm. 3-lobum. Caps. 3-loeularis,
3-valvis, polysperma.
545. LOBELIA. Cal.5-fidus. Cor. I-petala, irregularis,
srepills fissa. Caps. infera, 2-S-iocularis.

pendula.
echinata.
tLngulata.
MONADI!LPHIA TRIANDnu.. Phyllanthus.
P. carolinensis. Walt . .ft. car. 228. Mich . .ft. amer. 2.
P· 209·
In gravelly soil, on the banks of rivers: Pensylvania to
Georgia. 0. June, July. v. v. About a span or
more high; the branches grow regularly in two rows.
538. MELOTHRIA. Gen. pl. 68.
1. M. foliis subreniformibus lobatn-angulosis: lobo impari
creteris requali, bacca cylindraceo-ovata. Mi h. fl.
amer. 2. p. 217. Willd. sp. pl. 1. p. 18g.
Icon. Pluk. alm. t. 85.I. 5.
In sandy, wet places, particularly on the islands of large
rivers: Virginia to Georgia. 0. June. I'. v. Flowers
small, yellow. Fruit the size of a pea, black.
539. MOMORDICA. Gen. pl. 1477.
1. M. pomis tetraspermis subrotundis setoso-echinatis,.fo­
His cordatis 5-lobo-angulatis acuminatis integerrimis
glabris. Willd. sp. pl. 4. p. 605.
Sicyos lobata. Mieh.fi. amer. 2. p. 217.
In the western parts of the United States: On the banks
of the Ohio and Mississippi. 0. July. v. v. Fruit
the size of a gooseberry.
540. SICYOS. Gen. pI. 1481.
1. S. foliis angulo obtuso cordatis 5-angularibus denticuIali.
scabris, fructibus capitatis, hispidis.-Willd. sp. pl. 4.
p.625.
Icon. Dill. elth. t. 51.1. 59. Herm. parad. t. 133.
On the banks of rivers : Canada to Carolina. 0. June,
July. v. v.
I I. PEN TAN DR I A.
541. PASSIFLORA. Gen. pl. 509.
lutea. 1. P. foliis cordatis trilobis oblusis glabris, petiolis eglandalos
is, pedunculis axillaribus geminis, petal is calyee
dupIo angustioribus. Willd. sp. pl. 3. p. 615.
Icon. Cavan. diss. 10. t.267. Jaeq. ie. 3. t.607.

MONADELPfIlA POLYANDRYA. Sida.
In cultivated grounds and among rubbish: Virginia to
Florida. 0. 17. June-Aug. v. v. Flowers yellow,
small.
4. S. foliis oblongo-cordatis acumillatis crena tis summis sessilibus,
pedunculis solitariis petiolo longioribus fructiferis
deflellis, capsulis inflatis muticis undulato-crispis.
Willd. sp. pl. 3. p. 747.
Icon. Cavan. diss. 1. t. 7.f. 1. Dill. elth. t. 5. f. 5.
On the sea-coast of Carolina. 0. July-Sept. v. v.
Flowers white, small.
5. S. foHis subrotuodo-corrlatis acmninatis dentatis tomentosis,
pedullculis solitariis petiolo brevioribus, capsulis
biaristatis truncatis. Willd. sp. pl. 3. p. 750.
Icon. Schkuhr handb. 190.
In cultivated grounds: Pensylvania to Carolina. 0.
July, Aug. v. v. A tall plant; flowers dark yellow.
6. S. foliis cordatis 5-lobis glabris, lobis oblongis acuminatis
dentatis, pedunculis multifloris, capsulis muticis
acuminatis. Willd. sp. pl. 3. p. 766.
Naprea lrevis. Syst. veg. 750.
Naprea hermaphrodita. Sp. pl. 965.
Icon. Cavan. diss. 5. t. 132. f 1. Herm. lugdb. t. 23.
In shady rocky places: Pensylvania to Virginia; rare.
'1/.. July-Sept. v. v. From two to four feet high;
flowers white.
7. S. foliis 7-lobo.palmatis scabris, lobis lanceolatis incisodentatis,
floribus dioicis corymbosis bracteatis. Wiild.
sp. pl. 3. p. 766.
Naprea scabra. Syst. veg. 750.
Naprea dioica. Sp. pl. g05.
Icon. Cavan. diss. 5. t. 132.f. 2. Ehret.pict.7 & 8.
In stony ground, in the upper parts of Virginia. '1/. •
July, Aug. v. v. Flowers white.
S. S. foHis inferioribus triangulo-cordatis incisis, superioribus
palmato-multifidis, cory mho terminali, calycibns
hispidis. Mich.jl. amer. 2. p. 44.
In stony fields of Kentucky, Tennassee, &c. 1/.. July,
Aug. v. s. Resembles in habit Malva Alcea.
553. CRISTARIA. Cavan. ic. 5. p. 10.
l. C. undique cano-tomentosa et pHis stella tis obsita; foliis
3-5.fidis, laciniis incisis acutis, racemis terminalibus,
caule diffnso.
453
crispa.
Abulilon.
Napa!a.
dioica.
alca!oides.
coccinea.

456
eseulentus.
'uirginieus.
militaris.
speciosus.
MONADELPHIA POLYANDRIA. Hibiscus.
Icon. Wendl. hart. herrenh. 4. t.24. Bartr. ie. ined. in
Mus. Banks.
In Carolina.1/.. Sept. +. Flowers very large, suI.
phur.coloured.
5. H. foliis corda tis 5-lobis obtusiusculis dentatis, petiolis
flore longioribus, calycibus exterioribus subdecaphyllis
deciduis, interioribus longitudinaliter rumpentibus.
Willd. -'po pl. 3. p. 827.
Icon. Cavan. diss. 3. t. 6l.f 2. Comm. hart. l. t. Ig.
In cultivated grounds: Virginia and Carolina. 0.June
-Sept. v. v. Flowers yellow. It is generally culti.
vated by the name of Okra for the sake of its unripe
capsules, which give a fine dish for the table.
6. H. undique tomentosus, asper j foJiis acuminatis inrequa.
liter dentatis, inferioribus cordatis indil'isis, superiori.
bus cordatis oblongis trilobis, pedunculis axillaribus
et racemoso-terminalibus, floribus cernuis, pistillis DU·
tantibus. Willd. sp. pi. 3. p. 831.
H. c1ypeatns. Walt.fl. car. 177.
Icon. Jacq. ie. rar. t. 142. Pluk. phyt. t. 6,! 4.
In salt-marshes, on the sea-coast: New Jersey to Carolina.
1/.. Aug. Sept. v. v. Flowers small, rose·
coloured.
7. H. glaberrimus; foliis 3-lobo-hastatis acuminatis serratis,
corolla tubulato-campanulata, capsulis ovatis acurnina·
tis glabris, seminibus holosericeis.-Willd. sp. pl. 3.
p.608.
H.lrevis. Seop. del. insub. 3. t. 17.
H. virginicus. Walt. fl. car. 177.
H. hastatus. Mieh.fl. amer. 2. p. 45.
H. riparius. Pers. syn. 2, p. 254.
Icon. Scop. del. insub. 3. t. 17. Cavan. diss. 6. t. Ig8.
f. 2.
On the banks of rivers in Louisiana and the western parts
of Pemylvania and Carolina.1/.. Aug. Sept. v. v.
Flowers purple, large.
8. H. glaberrimum; foliis palrnato-5-partitis, laciniis lanceolatis
acuminatis apice remote serratis, calycibus exterioribus
decaphyllis, corolla patula, capsula glabra
5-gono-ovata.-TVilld. sp. pl. 3. p. 822.
H. coccineus. Walt. fl. car. 177.
Icon. Bot. mag. 360. TFendt. hart. herrenh. I. 11.
On the banks of rivers of South Carolina and Florida.
l/.. Aug. Sept. v. v. A most elegant peren-

MONADELPHIA. POLYANDRIA. Hibiscus.
nial. When in high perfection, the stem will rise
to more than eight feet, and the de€p scarlet flowers
grow to a larger size than any other Hibiscus I know.
9. H. caule petiolisque inermibus, foliis palmato.digitatis
. 7-partitis, laciniis linearibus, pedunculis hispidis, calyce
exteriore 1-phyllo, interiore hinc lacero, capsula hirsutissima
pyramidata.-Willd. sp. pl. 3. p. 825.
Icon. Cavan. diss. 3. t. 63.f. 2. Dill. elth. t. 156.f. 18g.
On the banks of the Mississippi. 1t. July-Sept. v. v.
Flowers sulphur-yellow, with a purple bottom, very
large when in rich soil.
10. H. caule scabro, foliis asperis basi truncatis circumscriptione
subrotundis, superioribus palmatis, lobis superne
dilatatis crenatis, f!oribus subsessilibus, calycibus hispidissimis
exteriore furcellato. Mich.fl. amer. 2. p. 45.
H. aCllleatus. Walt.fl. car. 177.
Near the sea-coast, in marshes: Carolina to Florida. 1t.
July-Sept. v. v. Flowers very handsome and large.
bright yellow with a dark purple bottom.
M2
457
Manikot.
scaher.

XVI. D I A DEL PHI A.
I. PENTANDRIA.
557. PETALOSTEMUM. Pet. 4. staminibus interjecta:
utraque in tubum fissum connata. Vtxillum nullum,
ejus loco quintum petalum. Legum. calyce tectum,
}·spermum.
II. HEXANDRIA.
558. CORYDALIS. Cal. diphyllus. Cor. ringen!. Fi.
lam. 2. membranacea, singula Antheris 3. CapJ.
siliquosa, polysperma.
55g. FUMARIA. Cal. diphyllus. Cor. irregularis, basi
calcarata. Filam. 2. singula Anthern 3. Caps. I·
locularis, evalvis, I·sperma.
III. OCT ANDRIA.
560. POLYGALA. Cal. 5. phyllus: foliolis duobus alre·
formibus, coloratis. Caps. obcordata, 2.locularis,
2-valvis.
IV. DECANDRIA.
'II< Stamina omnia conne:ra.
561. AMORPHA. Cal. campanulatus, 5-fidus. Cor. vexillum
ovatum, concavum. Ala: Carinaque nullre.
Legum. 2-spermum, falcatum.
562. ERYTHRINA. Cal. 2-lobatus. Cor. vexillum lon­
,gissimum, lanceolatum. Legumen torulosum.
563. LUPINUS. Cal. 2-1abiatlls. Anth. 5. oblongz, 5.
subrotundre. Legum. coriaceum.
564. CROTALARIA. Cor. vexillum cOl'datum, magnum,
carina acuminata. Filam. connata cum fissura dorsali.
Legum. pedicellatum, turgidum.

Cueullaria.
formosa.
tenuifolia.
PIADELPHIA PBNTANDIUA. Petalostemum.
Aug. v. v. Flowers white. This singular plant ap.
pears, at first sight, to belong to (he class Syngt'nesia,
and certainly is the connecting link between that class
and the present.
II. HEX AND RIA.
558. CORYDALIS. Vent. ehoix de pl. 19.
Fumana. Gen. pl. 1154.
* Corollis bicalcaratis. Perizomanthi.
I. C. scapo nuclo, racemo simplici secundo, nectariis diva,.
ricatis longiiudine corolJre, stylo inc1uso, radice bulbosa.
-Pers. syn. 2. p. 26g.
Fumaria CuculJaria. Willd. sp. pl. 3. p. 857.
Icon. Bot. mag. 1127. Rob. ie. 222. Pluk. aim. t. gO.
f. 3. .
On the side of shacly hills, in rich vegetable mould,
among rocks: Canada to Virginia. Jj.. May. tI. v.
Flowers white, with a yellow mouth. This singularly
constructed flower is known among the inhabitants by
the name of Breeclzes-jlower or Yellow-breeches: and
as I consider that all those species with two spurs or
nectaries might furm, with propriety, a good genus,
I have given it the name of Periz.omanthu.r.
2. C. scapo nuda, racemo subcomposito nutante multi floro,
nectariis brcvissimis incurvis, 5t)'lo porrecto, laciniis
foliorum oblongis inciso-pinnatifidis, radice tuberosa.
Icon. Bot. rep. 393. Bot. mag. 1335. sub Fumaria.
In Canada, and on the highest peaks of the Virginia and
Carolina mountains, in the cliffs of shady rocks. ¥.
May-July. v. v. Flowers a lively bright red. This
elegant perennial deserves a place in every collection.
The Canada plant is somewhat different in aspect from
the Virginian, but not suffiCiently distinct to make it a
species.
3. C. scapo nudo, racemo simplici nutante paucitloro, nectariis
brevissimis incurvis, stylo longe exerto, foliis teo
nuissime laciniatis; radice tuberosa.
On the north-west coast. Jj.. June. v. s. in Herh.

D1ADELI'IJIA HEXA NDRIA. Corydalis.
Lambert. specimen Pallasianum. Flowers of nearly the
same shape and colour as the foregoing species.
4. C. caule scandente, foliis cirrhosis, racemis axillaribus
corymbosis cernuis, corollis monopetalis basi bigibbi •.
-Pers. syn. 2. p. 26g.
Fumaria fungosa. Witld. sp. pl. 3. p. 857.
'}

464
incarnata.
rubella.
paucifolia.
uniflora.
Senega.
DIADELPHIA OCTANDBU.
III. OCTANDRI2l..
560. POLYGALA. Gen. pl. 1154.
* Cristatce. Floribus appendice penicilliformi.
1. P. caule simpliciuscllio erecto, foliis sparsis subulatis,
spicis ovali-oblongis, corollis tubo gracili elongato.­
Willd. sp. pl. 3.·p. 871.
In low sandy fields and on the edge of rivulets: Jersey
toCarolilla. 0. June, July. v. v. A delicate little
plant; flowers of a bright flesh-colour.
2. P. pubescens; caule simplici ereeto, foliis angusto-Ianceolatis
acutis, raeemo terminali, bracteis sublllatis
solitariis caducis, alis calycinis nervoso-venosis trunca.
to-rotundatis corolla longioribus.
P. rubella. WiUd. sp. pl. 3. p. 875 ?
In woods and on dry shady hills: Pensylvania to Geor.
gia. Jj.. June, July. v. v. Flowers pale red.
This species approaches near to P. vulgaris. Whether
Willdenow's plant is the same or not, I am not able
to determine; but I strongly suspect he had but an
imperfect specimen, in which the very minute bractere
had disappeared. If h is specimen has come from Dr.
Muhlenberg, it certainly is the same plant.
3. P. pumila, grandiflora; caulibus simplicissimis erecti!
inferne 1ll .. \iS, foliis ova tis aClltis glabris, floribus ter·
minalibus sllbternis.-Willd. sp. pt. 3. p. 880.
In sphagnous swamps and bogs: Pensylvania to Virginia;
principally on the mountains. Jj... May-Aug.
v. v. Not above three or four inches high; flowers
the largest of those mentioned here, about the size of
P. myrtifolia, of a fine pale red colour.
** Imberbes.
4. P. pumila; caulibus simplicissimis erectis inferne nudi.
usculis, foliis paucis lato-ovatis in petiolum angustatis,
floribus solitariis sparsis pedicellatis nutantibus.-Mich.
fl. amer. 2. p. 53.
On the banks of lake Ontario. Michaux. Jj... +.
5. P. caulibus erectis simplicissimis ,foliosis, foHis alternis
lanceolatis, spica terminali filiformi, floribus alternis.
WiLld. sp. pl. 3. p. 894.

DIADELPHtA DECANDRIA. 469
564. CROTALARIA. Gen. pl. 1172.
1. C. hirsuta, erecta, ramosa; foliis simplicibus oblongo- sagittalif.
lanceolatis, stipulis lanceolatis acuminatis decurrentibus,
racemis oppositifoliis subtrifloris, corollis calyce
minoribus.-Willd. sp. pl. 3. p. 9n.
C. sagittalis {3. oblonga. Mich. fl. amer. 2. p. 55.
In pine-barrens: Virginia to Georgia. 0. July. v. v.
Flowers, as all the following, yellow.
2. C. hirsuta, erecta, ramosa; foliis simpliC'ibus lineari-lan- parvijlora.
ceolatis, stipulis superioribus decurrentibus brevissime
bidentatis, racemis oppositifoliis, corollis calyce minoribus.-Willd.
sp. pl. 3. p. 973.
C. sagittalis Ct-.linearis. Mich. fl. amer. 2. p. 55.
In sandy fields: New York to Carolina. 0. June, July.
v. v.
3. C. hirsuta, diffusa, ramosa; foliis simplicibus petiolatis ovalis.
subrotundo-ovalibus, stipulis summis vix decurrentibus
brevissimis, racemis oppositifoliis elongatis, corollis
calycem requantibns.
C. sagittalis 'Y. ovalis. Mich.fl. amer. 2. p. 55.
Anonymos rotundifolia. Walt. fl. car. 18I.
In pine-barrens of Carolina and Georgia. 0. June, July.
v. s. in Herb. Enslen.
4. C. glabra, erecta, simplex; foliis lanceobto-oblongi" ZCEvigata.
stipulis lanceolatis acuminatis decurrentibus, racemis
oppositifoliis subtrifloris.
C. sagittalis glabra, longioribus foliis, americana. Pluk.
aim. 122. t. 277.f 2.
In pine-woods of Virginia and Carolina. 0. July. v. v.
565. PHASEOLUS. Gen. pl. 1180.
1. P. volubilis, tot us pubescens; folioEs lato-ovatis impari
subcordato, racemis geminatis folio longioribus, pedunculis
geminatis, bracteis obsoletis, leguminibus
pendulis.-Willd • • p. pl. 3. p. 1031. Walt. fl. car.
182.
P. paniculata. Mich. fl. amer. 2. p. 60.
DolichCS polystachyos. Willd. sp. pi .3. p. 1049.
On the side of fertile hills, near the banks of rivers,
among rocks: Pensyl vania to Carolina. J.j.. July, Aug.
v. v. j v. s. in Herb. Gronov. Flowers purple, in great
abundance, which gives this plant a very ornamental
appearance.
perennis.

470
ve:xillatus.
helvollis.
triloZ·us.
luteolus.
maritimulIl.
DIADBLPHIA DECANDlUA. PbaseolUs.
2. P. volubilis, pubescens; pedunculis petiolo crassibriblls
capitatis, alis subfakatis difformibus, leguminibus linearibus
strictis. Wi/lei. sp. pl. 3. p. 1032.
Icon. Jacq. hort. t. 102. Dill. elth. t. 234. f. 302.
On the sea-coast of Carolina and Georgia. 0. July,
Aug. v. v. Flowers large. purple.
3. P. volubilis, perennis, hirtellus; foliolis oblongo-ovalibu5
subdeltoideis obtusiusculis. capitulis longe peduneulatis,
vexillis brevibus, alis expansis maximis, legum inibus
tereti-lim:aribus.-Willei. sp. pl.::l. p. 1032.
Glycine umbellata. Willd. sp. pL. 3. p. 1058.
Jcon. Dill. eltk. t. 233.f. 300_
In dry gravelly soil, in old fields and pastures: New
York to Carolina. v. v. Flowers of a roJe-colour,
carina purple.
4. P. volubilis, pubescens; foliolis inferioribus rhomboideo.
ovalibus, superioribus trilobatis, capitulis lange pedunClllatis,
leguminiblls linearibus. Mich . .fi. a7ller. 2.
p.60.
P. vexillatus. Walt. fl. car. 182.
Glycine angulosa. lViLtd. sp. pl. 3. p. 1056.
On banks of rivers in gravelly soil: Pens}'lvania to Carolina.
0. June, J LIly. v. t·. Flowers resembling
the foregoing species.
566. DOLICHOS. Gen. pl. 1181.
l. D. volubilis, pube,cens; foliolis ovatis lIcuminatis, rednnclllis
folio longioriblls, spicis brevi bus subcapitatis,
vexillo lata refiexo, alis rhomboideis.-Willd. sp.
1)1.3. p. 10.38.
Icon. Jacq. Izort. t. go.
In rice fields of Georgia. Enslen. 0. June, July. v. v.
Flowers bright yellow.
567. PISU;\1. Gen. pl. 1184.
1. P. petiolis supra planillscn\is, c:mle anglliato, stipulis sagittalis,
pedullculis mllltifioris. Wil/,L. sp. pI. 3.
P·1071.
Icon. Fl. daTI. 338. Engl. bot. 1046.
In rocky and sandy situations, near the sea-coast I Canada
to New York.1/.. July, Aug. v. t'. Flowers
large, handsome, purple and blue.

472
Cracco,.
carolinian a .
caralinianu.J.
canadensis.
glaher.
alpin us.
DUDELPKU DEC.lNDRU. Vicia.
semi5agittatis dentatis, foliolis 8-12. elliptico.lan.
ceolatis obtusis glabris.-Willd. sp. pl. 3. p. 1096.
In Pensylvania. Muhlenherg. JJ.. +. Flowers the
size of 1'. sylvatica, to which it bears a great resem.
blance.
4. V. spicis multifloris retrorsum imbricatis folio longiori.
bus, stipulis semisagittatis lineari-subulatis integerri_
mis, foliolis numerosis lanceolato-oblongis pubescen.
tibus.-Willd. sp. pl. 3. p. logS.
Icon. Fl. dan. S04. .Mart.fl. rust. 117.
In woods and meadows: Canada to Virginia. ¥. July,
Aug. v. v. Flowers pale blue.
5. V. pedunculis multifloris, floribus distantibus, stipulis
ovato-Ianceolatis integerrimis, foliolis 8-10. ellipticolanceolatis
glabriusculis, caule glabro.-Willd. sp.pl.3.
p. lO94. Walt. fl. cnr. lS2.
V. parviflora. Mich. fl. amer. 2. p. 6g.
In the mountains from Pensylvania to Carolina. 1/.
July, Aug. v. v. Resembles the foregoing species j
but the flowers are white, with a vexdlum black on
the tip, and a great deal smaller.
570. ASTRAGALUS. Gen. pl. 1208.
1. A. cauiescens, erectus; foliolis (41) oblongis subtus pu.
bescentibus, spicis pedunculatis, bracteis lanceolatis
pedunculi longitudine, leguminibus ovatis tumidis ros·
tratis. Willd. sp. pl. 3. p. 1273.
Icon. Dill. elth. t. 3g.f. 45.
In the mountains of Virginia and Carolina. JJ.. June,
July. v. v. Flowers pale yellow.
2. A. caulescens, diffusus j foliolis (21) utrinque glabris,
leguminibus subcylindricis mucronatis.-Willd. sp.
pl. 3. p. 1274.
Icon. Dadart. memo t. 65. Rob. ic. 314.
In the mountains: Canada to Carolina. JJ.. July, Aug.
V. V. Flowers yellow.
3. A. caulescens, glaber; foliolis lanceolato-oblongis subci.
liatis, &picis longe pedunculatis, floribus laxiu8culis,
leguminibus distantibus incurvis teretibus glabris.­
Mich.fl. amer. 3. p. 66.
In the sands of Georgia. Michaux. 'l/.. +. Flowers
white.
4. A. C6ulescens, procumbens ; tloribus pendulis racemosis,

. '
3 4
To)). 22.p. 475 .

iADELPHIA DECANDRIA. 4i5
574. PSORALEA. Gen. pl. 1210.
1. P. tota canescens; foliis. breviter petiolatis trifoliatis, canescens.
spicis laxifloris, floribus pedicellatis, calycibus villosissimis.
Mich.fl. amer. 2. p. 5i.
In barren sandy fields of Carolina and Georgia. J ul y.
v. s. Resembles in appearance Cytisus Cajan.
2. P. parce pubescens; foliis ternatis: foliolis lanceolatis, melitotoides.
5picis oblongis, bracteis lato-cordatis longissime acuminatis,
leguminibus rotundatis nervoso-rugosissimis.
-Mich.fl. amer. 2. p. 58.
Melilotus flore violaceo, odore remisso. Clayt. n. 103.
Trifolium psoraloides. Walt.fl. caT. 184.
In pine-barrens: Carolina to Florida_ 1/.. June-Aug.
v. " in Herh. Leconte. Flowers blue.
3. P. pubescens, ramosissima; foliis ternatis: foliolis el- tenutllom.
lipticis utrinque rugoso-punctatis, pedunculis axillari.
bus folio longioribus sub-3-floris.
On the banks of the Missouri. M. Lewis. 2.(.. Sept.
v. s. in Herh . Lewis. Flowers very small, pale blue.
4. P. pubescens; foliis ternatis: foliolis elongato-Ianceola- lanceolata.
tis, petiolis crass is, spids axillaribus folio vix longioribus
densifloris, floribus pedicellatis, bracteis pedicello
vix longioribus, dentibus calyds coloratis.
On the banks of the Missollri. 1/.. July, Aug. v. $.
Flowers bright blue, small.
5. P. undique argenteo-tomentosa; foliis ternatis: foliolis argophylla.
lanceolato-oblongis, spicis terminalibus interruptis,
bracteis ovatis acuminatis, floribus suboppositis sessilibus.
On the banks of the Missouri.1/.. v. s. Flowers
purple: the silvery tomentum gives this plant a particularly
handsome appearance.
6. P. undique villosa; foliis digitato-quinatis: foliolis lan- esculenta.
ceolatis inrequalibus planis integerrimis, spicis axillaribus
densifioris, laciniis calycis lanceolatis corolJa paulo
brevioribus, leguminibus ensiformi-rostratis, radice
fusiformi.
On the banks of the Missouri. M. Lewis.1/.. June,
JUly. v. s. in Herh. Lewis. Flowers pale blue.
Tota planta pilis longis albidis tecta. Radix fusiformis,
crassa. exsiccatione farinosa. Caulis erectus, subramosus,
teres, sulcatus, pedalis et ultra. Folia alterna,

DIADELPHU. DECANDRlA.
575. MELILOTUS. Tournef. inst. p. 407. t. 229.
1. M. caule erecto, foliolis obovatis serratis, spicis axillaribus
paniculatis, leguminibus dispermis rugosis acutis.
Trifolium officinale. Willd. sp. pl. 3. p. 1355.
Icon. Ft. dan. 934. Mart.fl. rust. t. 72.
On the gravelly shores of rivers: Pensylvania to Virginia.
0'. 0. June, July. v. v. Flowers white.
576. TRIFOLIUM. Gen. pl. 1211.
47'i
officinalis.
1. T. pr0cumbens, pubescens; foliolis obovatis, stipulis reflerum.
oblique cordatis, capitulis multifioris, floribtls pedicellatis
u.emum omnibus refiexis, leguminibus sub·3spermis.-Willd.
sp. pl. 3. p. 1357.
On dry hills and among rocks: Pensyl vania, Kentucky,
and the Carolina mountains. "1/.. June, July. v. v.
Flowers of a fine purplish-red.
2. T. repens; foliolis ovato-oblongis emarginatis serrula- repenE.
tis, capitulis umbellaribus, calycinis dentibus subrequalibus,
leguminibus tetraspermis.-Willd. sp. pl.3.
p.1359·
Icon. Fl. dan. 990, Mart. fl. rust. 34.
In fields. pastures. and cleared lands on the mountains.
¥. May-Sept. v. v. This species, generally known
by the name of White Clover, makes its appearance
wherever lands are cleared of timber, in the most remote
parts of the country; I have seen it springing
forward on new plantations, from sixty to one hundred
miles distant from any place where it naturally
was found. A number of plants of this description
have struck my attention, among which are Verbascum
Thapsus and Senecio hieracijolius in particular,
whose dissemination is really problematical.
3. T. erectum, pusillum; foliolis rotundato·obcordatis gla. carolinianum.
bris margine ciliatis crenulatis, stipulis bifidis. capitulis
umbellaribus pedunculatis refiexis paucifioris, corollis
vix exertis, leguminibus sUbtrispermis.-Mich.
fl. amtir. 2. p. 58.
T. arvense. Walt. fl. car. 183.
T. comosum. Willd. sp. pI. 3. p. 1360?
In sandy fields, near Charlestown, South Carolina. "1/. •
June-Aug. v. s. Flowers small, white. In Lam.
incycl. 6. p. 2. it has bt:en suggested, that T. como-

Tab. 23. p. 479,

DTADELPHIA DIlCANlJItIA. Lespedeza.
uunculatis, coroJlis calyee subrequalibus, lomento ealyeem
subrequante.-Mich.fl· amer. 3. p. 71.
Hedysarum hirtum. WilLd. sp. pl. 3. p. 1193.
Icon. Mich.fl. amer. 2. t.40.
In copses and old fields: Pensylvania to Carolina. 2+.
June---Aug. v. v. From two to three feet high;
flowers sman, white, with a red spot on the vexillum.
4. L. diffusa, ramosissima; foliis longe-petiolatis: foliolis violacea.
ellipticis obtusis subtus aupresso-pilosis, racemis brevibus
umbellatis, floribus gemillatis, lomentis rhombeis
reticulatis glabris.
Hedysarum violaceum. Willd. sp. pl. 3. p. 1195.
On gravelly dry soil; Virginia to Carolina. '2/.. July.
V.lI. Flowers sl11all, purple or violet.
5. L.ditfusa, ramosa; fi)liolis oblongis obtusis subtus ad- divergen,'.
presso:pilosis, racemis petiolo longioribus, fioribus ge.
minis, lomentis ova tis reticulatis glabris.
Hedysarum divergens. Wi/ld. sp. pi. 3. p. 1196.
In North America. Muhlenberg. '2/.. +. Approaches
very near to the foregoing species, and is probably
only a variety.
6. L. procnmbens, gracilis, pnbescens; foliolis ovalibns, procumbells.
pedunculis longissimis, setaeeis spicifioris, leguminibus
calyce minuto nudatis.-Mich.fl. arner. 3. p. 70.
Hedysarum Lespedcza. Lam. encycl. 6. p. 415.
In sandy and gravelly 50:1: New York to Carolina.1/..
June, July. v. v. Flowers violet-purple, with yellow
spots.
(. L. prosrrata; foliis petiolatis: foliolis elJipticis obtusis prostrata,
subtus piJis raris adpressis tecta, racemis axilJaribus folio
longioribus, lomentis ovatis pubescentibus.
Hedysarum prostratum. Trilld. 51>. pl. 3. p. 1200.
In Pensylvania. Mllhlenberg. '2/.. +. Resembles Hedysarum
repens greatly.
581. HEDYSARUM. Cell. pl. 1204.
1. H. erectum, glabriuscl1lumj foliis ternatis oblongo-lan- cfwadense.
ceolatis, stipulis filiformibus, floribus racemo

484
lineatum.
'Totundifoliurn.
alpinum.
{3. america.
num.
tllraphylla.
DIADELPHlA DECANDRIA. Hedysarum.
basi, pedunculis piloso-viscosis, lomenti articulis ob-longo-triangularibus
glabriusculis.-Willd. sp. pl. 3.
p.llg8.
In dry shady places, in the western parts of Pensylvania
and Virginia. )J.. July, Aug. v. v. Flowers purple.
l.5.H. caule repente viridi lineato, foliis subsessilibus ternatis
suborbiculatis, racemis elongatis laxe parvifloris,
lomenti articulis lenticularibus.-Mich. jt.u'I1ler. 2.
P·7 2 .
In Carolina. Michaux. )J.. +.
16. H. prostratum, hirsutum; foliii ternatis orbiculatis
utrinque pilosis, stiplllis rotundato-cordatis reflexis,
racemis axillaribus et paniculato-terminalibus pauciflo.
ris, bracteis cordatis, lomeoti articuJis subrhomboideis
reticulatis scabris.-Mich. fl. amer. 2. p. 72.
In rocky, dry situations: Pensylvania to Carolina. ¥.
July, Aug. v. v. A handsome species: flowers
purple.
17. H. erectum; foliis pinnatis: foliolis ovali-oblongis pi.
losis, stipulis subvaginantibus, leguminibus patulis gla.
bris ex utraque sutura articulatis: articulis brevi-ovalibllS.
Mick.fl. amer. 2. p. 74.
In the north of Canada, and near the cataracts of the
Allegany mountains. Mickaux. )J.. +. Flowera
purple.
582. ZORNIA. Mick.fl. amer. 2. p. 76. Gmel. syst.
veg·1096.
1. Z. foJiis digitato-quadrifoliatis: foliolis lanceolatis gla.
bris, sJ'licis axillllribus pedllnculatis, floribus aJternis
bibracteatis, bracteis suborbiculatis.-Mick.jt. amer.2.
P·76.
Z. bracteata. Ornel.
Hedysarum tetraphyllum. Lam. encycl. 6. p. 405.
Anonymos bracteata. Walt.fl. car. lSI.
Icon. Mick.fl. amer. 2. t. 41.
In sandy fields of Lower Carolina. )J.. July, Aug. v. s.
in Herb. Enslen. About a foot high, very branching;
flowen yellow.

480
comosa.
tomentosa.
erecla.
reniform is.
mallis.
DIADELPHIA DJ!£ANDRIA. Glycine.
concavis, pedunculis radicalibus floribus apetalis fructiferis.-Willd.
sp.pl. 3. p. 1055.
G. bracteata. Sp. pl. p. 754.
On the banks of rivulets in stony and shady places: New
York to Carolina. 0. july-Sept. v. v. The
flowers on the stem resemble those of J7icia Cracca,
they are pale blue, and seldom produce ripe fruit j the
long radical tendrils have exceeding small flow6Cs
which produce a pod, generally with only one seed,
which drops into the ground before maturity.
3. G. caule volubili, foliis ternatis ovato-Ianceolatis acutis
llirsutis, racemis lateralibus pendulis confertifloris, floribus
omnibus fructiferis.-iVilld. sp. pl. 3. p. 1058.
In hedges near rivers and ditches: New York to Virginia.
¥. July-Sept. v. v. Flowers blue, of the
size and shape of the preceding species, to which it
has a strong resemblance, but differs in being a peren.
nial and robust plant, besides the other characters
given.
4. G. caule voluhili anguloso, foJiis ternatis ovato-oblongis
acutis pubescentibus, subtus rugoso-venosis tomentosis,
racemis axillaribns petiolo brevioribus, legumi.
nibus oblongis dispermis.-Willd. sp. pl. 3. p. 1061.
Icon. Dill. elth. t. 26. f. 29.
r;. G. tomentosior; caule erecto, foliis oblongo-ovalibus.
Trittlliuni erectum. TValt. fl. car .. •••
In sandy ground, among hedges: {3. on road sides and
old fields: Virginia to Georgia. ¥. June-Aug. v. v.
Flowers yellow.
5. G. erecta, humilis, pubescens; foliis omnibus simplicibus
reniformi-rotundatis rugosis reticulatis, junioribus
tomentosis, racemis subsessilibus pauciflorb, legumibus
compresso-ovatis dispermis.
G. tomentosa y. monophylJa. Mich.jl. amer. 2. p. 63.
Trifolium simplicifolium. Walt.jl. car. 184.
In barren pine-woods: Carolina and Georgia. Jj.. July.
Aug. v. s. :Flowers yellow ..
586. GALACTIA. Brown. Mich.jl. a7ller. 2. p. 61-
1. G. volubilis, molliter pubescens, subcanescens; foliis
ternatis ol'ato-oblongis obtusis gJabriusculis subtus
glaucis, racemis axillaribus simplicibus elongatis pau.
cifloris, leguminibus villosis.-Mich.jl. amer. 2. p. 61.

SYNGENESI A.
650. AMELLUS. Recept. paleaeeum. Pappus pilosus.
Cor. radii indivisoe Cal. imbrieatus.
651. VERBESINA. Recept. paleaeeum. Pa.ppus aristatus.
Flose. radii eireiter 5. Cal. duplid ordine.
652. ZJNNI:\. Rfcept. paleaceum. Pl!PPUS flristis 2.
ereetis. Radiu, 5-florus, persistens. Cal. imbrieatus,ovato-eylindrieus.
III. FRUSTRANEA.
653. BIDENS. Reee/)t. paleaeeum: paleis extimi'i CJuasi
calyeem eom,\lunem eonstimentibus. Pappus anstis
2. s. 4. retlorsum. FLores fioseulosi aut ('tidm radiati:
radiis neutris aut imperfecte rnasculis. Cal.
sllboequalis, calyculatlls.
654. COREOPSIS. Rcce/lt. et Cal. camm. Bidentis. FLores
radiati: radiis neutris, prolixis (inteis). Sem. compressa
aut em,m;inata, aut bidentata, aut etiam bisetosa:
setis inermibus nee retrorsum acnleatis.
655. HELIANTHUS. Reapt. paleaeeum, planum. Pa.ppus
diphyllus, caducus. Cal. imbrieatus, subsquarrosus,
foliaeeus.
656. GALARDIA. Reapt paleaeeum, hemisphoerieum.
Pappus paleaceus, polyphyllus. Cor. radii 3-partitoe.
Cal. polyphyllus, planus.
657. RUDBECKIA. Recept. paleaeeum, eoniCllm. Pappus
margine 4-dentato. Cal. dupliei (Jrdine squamarum.
658. CENTAUREA. Recept. setosum. Pappus pilosus.
Cor. radii infundibuliformes, irregulares. Cal. varius.
IV. NECESSARIA.
659. CHAPTALIA. Recept. nudum. Pappus capillaris.
Flosculi radii in duplid serie difformes, feminei.
Flosculi disci m(Jsculi bilabiati.
660. SILPHIUM. Recept. paleaceulTI. Pappus marginatobieornis.
Cal. squarwsus, foliaceus. Sem. compressa,
obeordata, marginata.
661. POLYMNfA. Rnept. paleaeeum. Pappus null us.
Cal. duplex: exteriur 4-5-phyllus; interior lO-pbyl­
Ius, foliolis concavis.
{j62. CHRYSOGONUM. Recept. paleaceum. Pappus 1·

496
Inlybus.
SYNGENI!SU.
phyllus, 3·dentatus. Cal. 5-phyllus. Sem. caly.
culo 4-phyllo involuta.
663. BALTIMORA. Recept. paleaceum. Pappus nullU9.
FLosc. radii 5. Cal. cylindricus, polyphyllus. 8em.
3-quetra.
664. PARTHENIUM. Recept. paleaceum, plan.m. Pap.
pus nullus. Cal. 5-phyllus. Sern. obovata.
665. IVA. Recept. pilosnm. Pappus nullus. Cor. radii 5.
Antheral approximatre, non coalitre. Styli 2. longi.
Cor. radii 5. femineis minimis. Cal.3·phyllus.
666. AMBROSIA. Monoica. Masc: Recept. nudum. Antherce
approximatre. non coalitre. Cal. I-phyllus,
hemisphrericus, multiflorus. Fern. Cal. I-phyllus,
subinteger aut 5-dentatus, I-florus. Cor. nulla. Sly­
Ii 2. Nux e calyce indurato, l-sperma.
667. XANTHIUM. Monoicum. Masc. Recept. paleaee.
urn. Antherce approximatre, non coalitre. Cal. polypbyllus,
imbricatus, hemisphrericus, muUifloru8.
Fem. Cal. involucrum 2-phyllum, 2-florum. Cor. O.
Sligm. 2. Drupa sicca, muricata, 2-fida. Nucleus
2-10cularis.
V. SEGREGATA.
668. ELEPHANTEPUS. Recept. nudum. Pappus seta·
ceus. Calyculus 4-florus. Corollulce ligulatre, her.
maphroditre.
I. .ZE QUA L [ S.
593. CICHORIUM. Gen. pl. 12.il.
1. C. floribus axilJaribus geminis subsessilibus, foliis runci.
natis. Willd. sp. pl. 3.1). 1624.
Icon. Fl. dan. 907. Engl. bot. 539.
In fields and on rond sides: Pensylvania, near Philadelphia.
Most certainly introduced from Europe.1/..
July, Aug. v. v. Flowers beautiful blue.

Tab. 74·p. 499.

-stNGENBSIA JEQUALU.
600. SONCHUS. Gen. pl. 1233.
1. S. pedunculis calycibusque hispidis subumbellatis, foliis
runcinatis denticulatis basi cordatis, radice repente.
Smith/to brito 2. p. 817. Willd. sp.pl. S.p. 1512.
Icon. Engl. hot. 674. Curt. fl. lond. 53.
Among rubbish and in cultivated grounds: Pensyl vania.
arvenszs.
)J.. Aug. Sept. V. V. Flowers large, deep yellow.
2. S. pednncuTis subtomentosis umbellatis, calycibus glabris,
foliis oblongo·lanceolatis amplexicaulibus denticulatis
oleraceus.
subsinuatis. Willd. sp. pl. 3. p. 1514.
Icon. Fl. dan. 682. Curt. fl. lond. 58.
A common weed in mOit gardens and fields. 0. July
-Sept. V. v. Flowers yeUow.
a. S. pedunculis hirsutis nudis, floribus paniculatis, foliis macrophyllus.
lyratis basi cordatis subtus hirtis. lVilld. sp. pl. 3.
p. 151 9.
S. canadensis. Frrelich. in usteri annal. 1. p. 29.
Chondrilla sylvestris alta. Gronov. virgo 115.
In shady low grounds, near springs: Pensylvania to Carolina.
)J.. Aug. Sept. 'V. V. From four to seven
feet high; flowers blue, the size of Cichorium Intybus;
root tuberous.
". S. pedunculis hirsutis Dudis, floribus racemosis bracteatis,
foliis runcinatis basi sagittatis glabris subtus glaucili.
Willd. sp. pl. 3. p. 1519.
S. montanus. Lam. encycl. 3. p. 401.
S. creruleus. Smithfl. hrit. 2. p. 815.
S. canadensis. Sp. pl. 1115.
Hieracium creruleum. Scop.fl. earn. n. 976.
Icon. Ft. dan. 182.
In Canada. ¥. Aug. Sept. v. S. Flowers blue, and
sometimes white.
alpinus.
i. S. pedunculis squamosis, floribus racemosis, foliis run_ lellCOphfRus.
cinatis acuminatis, caule paniculato-virgato.
sp. pl. 3. fL 1520. .
S. spicatus. Lam. encycl. 3. p. 401.
Wi lid.
On the borders of woods, on road sides: New England
to Virginia. d'. July-Sept. V. v. Flowers small,
white, tinged with blue.
6. S. pedunculis subsquamosis, floribus paniculatis, foliis Iyrato-runcinatis
denticulatis petiolatis.-Willd. sp. pl,a.
jloridal1l1s.
p.1520. .
501

SYNrJ:l!NESIA JEQU ALIS. Cnicus.
In the mountains of Virginia and Carolina. 1/.. July­
Sept. v. v. Flowers purple.
507
6. C. elatius; foliis sessilibus pinnatifidis acute IDCISIS spi- lwrridulus.
nosissimis, involucro terminali unifloro polyphyllo:
foliolis geminatim spinosissimis, calycibus inermibus.
Serratula discolor. Lam. encycl. 6. p. 565.
Cirsium horridulum. Mieh.fl. amer. 2. p. gO.
Carduus spinosissimus. Walt. fl. car. 194.
On the banks of rivers and borders of woods: Pensylvania
to Carolina. 1/.. July-Sept. v. v. Very tall;
flowers large, pale yellow.
608. CARDUUS. Gen. pl. J 254.
1. C. inermis; foliis decurrentibus lanceolatis pinnatifido_ peetinatus.
pectinatis, pedunculis terminalibus longissimis unifloris
subaphyllis, floribus defloratis cernuis calycinis
squamis linearibus patulis.-Willd. sp. pl. 3. p. 1655.
In Pensyl vania. O. +. Flowers purple, the size of
./iretium Lappa. It probably is a species of Cnieus.
609. LIATRIS. Gen. pl. 1263.
* Spicala! seu racemosa!; bulbOSa!.
1. L. caule simplici, elato; foliis linearibus glabris basi ciliatis
nervosis et punctatis, spica longissima, floribus
sessilibus, squamis calycinis lineari-oblongis obtusis
appressis.-Mich·fl. amer. 2. p. 91.
L. spicata. WiLld. sp. pl. 3. p. 1636.
Anonymos graminifolius. Walt. fl. car. 197.
Serratula spicata. Sp. pI. 1147.
Icon. Bot. rep. 401. Pluk. aIm. t. 424.f. 6.
Tn natural meadows: Pensyl vania to Carolina. 1/.. Aug.
-Oct. v. v. From three to six feet high; flowers, as
all the following species, purple, in very long and close
spikes.
2. L. caule simplici hirsuto, {oliis strictis angusto-linearibus
pubescentibus, spica longa, floribus confertim sessilibus,
calycibus appressis superne squarrosis.-Mich. fl.
amer. 2. p. 91.
Anonymos pilosa. Walt.fl. car. 197.
Icon. Dill. elth. t. 72.f. 83.
In mountain meadows: Virginia, Illinois, and Carolina.
1/.. Aug.-Oct. v. v. From two to four feet high;
flowers smaller than No.1.
macrostachya.
Pyc1/0slachya.

SYNGENESIA JEQU ALI s. Liatris. 509
In Georgia. Bartram. Aug.-Oct. v. s. in Herb. Banks.
Flowers smaller than any preceding species.
g. L. caule simplici villoso, foliis linearibus subfalcatis sca- elfgans.
bro-pnnclatis, spica subfoliosa, pedicellis brevibus,
calycillis sqmmis intimis lig'.llatis coloratis.-Willd.
sp. pl. 3. p. 1635.
Serratula speciosa. Ait. kew. 3. p, 138.
Strehelina elegans. lValt.Jl. car, 202.
Eupatorium speciosum. Vent. hor!. eels. 79.
In .andy fields: Carolina to Florida. 2+. Sept.-Nov.
v. v. A beautiful perennial; flowers in long close
spikes, purplish-red.
10. L. cauie simplici pubescente, fuliis lrevibus: inferioribus spha:roidea.
petiolatis lato-lanceolatis, superioribus lanceolato-linearibus,
calycibus racemosis solitarii, allernis ·subglo.
bosis: sCJuamis oval is ilcutiusculis erectis, margine ciliatis.-Mich.
fl. alfler.2, P.92.
On high mountains of Virginia and Carolina.1/.. Aug.
--Oct. v. v. Flowen large and handsome.
11. L. caule simplici sl,lbpubescente, foliis lanceolatis utrin- scariosa'
que attenuatis glabris margine scabris, calycibus racemosis
altern is distantibus inferne squarrosis; squamis
spathulatis margine rnembran

512 SYNGBNESIA ./EQUALlS.
611. KUHNIA. Gen. pl. 1272,
Critonia. Gmr!. carp. 2. p. 411.
Dalea. Brown.jam.314.
eltpatorioides. 1. K. glabra; foliis petiolatis lato-Ianceolatis serratis, corymbo
terminali paucifloro coarctato.-Willd. sp. pl.
3. p. 1772.
Eupatorium alternifolium. Ard. spec. 2. p. 40. t. 20.
Icon. Linn.fil. dec. t. 11. Pluk. alm. t. 87./ 2.
In shady woods, about rocks: Pt:nsylvania to VirgiQia.
Jt. Aug. Sept. v. v. Flowers white; resembles an
Eupatorium exceedingly.
Crilonia. 2. K. pubescens; foliis angusto-Ianceolatis inferne subden-
tatis petiolatis subtus punctatis : superioribus Iinearibus
integerrimis sessilibus, panicllla terminali divaricata.­
Willd. sp. pl. 3. p. 1773.
Critonia Kubnia. Mich. fl. amer. 2. p. 101.
Icon. GmTt. carp. 2. t. 174.f. 7.
On high mountains of Pensylvania and Virginia. )J..
Aug. Sept. v. v. Flowers pale yellow.
famiculace-
11m.
coronopijoliurn.
hyssopifoliurn.
612. EUPATORIUM. Gen. pl. 1272.
* Calycibus 3 -5-.fioris.
1. E. caule paniculato, foliis glabris inferioribus pinnatis,
superioribus fascir;ulatis, omnibus filiformibus.­
Willd. sp. pl. 3. p. 1750.
E. fooniculoiJes. TValt.fl. Colr. 199.
Chrysocoma capiJlacea. Mich. fl. amer. 2. p. 101.
In fields and on road sides, near the sea-coast: Virginia
to Florida. Jt. Aug.-Oct. v. v. From two to five
feet high, resembling an Artemisia very much; flow.
ers in great abundance, small, pale yellow.
2. E. caule paniClllato, foliis infimis pinnatifidis, reliquis
indivisis fasciculatis Jinearibn8 integerrimis. Willd. JfJ.
pi. 3. p. 1750.
E. compositifolium. TVa It. fl. car. 199.
Chrysocoma coronopifolia. Mich.fl. amer. 2. p. 102.
In dry woods, on road sides: Carolina. Jt. Aug. Sept.
v. v. Flowers white, double the size of the preceding.
3. E. foliis oppositis subverticillatis Iinearibus integerrimis
pubescentibl1s trinervibus punctatis, radicalibus sllbdentatis.
Wit/d. sp. pl. 3. p. 1749.

514
cuneifoliu.m•
111 elissoides.
rotundifolium.
pubescens.
ceanothifolium.
altissimum.
amrenum.
SYNGENESIA lEQUALIS. Eupatorium.
10. E. foliis peliolatis obovato·lanceolatis. apice subserratil
triplinervibus utrinque pubescentibus. Willd. sp. pl. 3.
p. 1753.
E. Marrubium. Walt.jl. car. 199.
In low sandy fields: Virginia and Carolina.1/.. Aug.­
Oct. v. v. Not above a foot high.
11. E. foHis petiGlatis ovatis obtusiusculis obtuse serratis ve.
nosis glabriusculis. Willd. sp. pl. 3. p. 1754.
In Pensylvania. 1/.. Aug.-Oct. +. Resembles
NO.9; but the leaves are smaller, petiolated, and
smooth.
12. E. £oliis sessilihus distinctis subrotundo-cordatis obtuse
serra tis venosis, calycinis squamis acuminatis.-Willd.
sp. pl. 3. p. 1754.
Icon. Plak. aIm. t. 8s.f 4.
In .swamps and shady woods: Canada to Carolina.1/..
Aug.-Nov. v. v. About a foot or eighteen inches
high.
13. E. foliis sessilibus distinctis ovatis scabris venosis, inferioribus
duplicato-serratis, superioribus subserratis, canle
paniculato pubescente, ramis fastigiatis. Willd. sp.
pl. 3. p. 1755.
E. glandulosum. lIfich.jl. arner. 2. p. 98 ?
In dry sandy woods: New Jersey to Carolina.1/.. Aug.
-Oct. v. v. Not above two feet high.
14. E. foliis petiolatE; ovatis acuminatis dentatis triplinervi.
bus glabris. Willd. sp. pl. 3. p. 1755.
In shady woods, about rocks: New York to Virginia.
1/.. Aug.-Nov. v. v. Resembles Ceana/has ameri·
canus in its foliage exceedingly.
15. E. foliis subsessilibus lanceolatis 3-nervibus utrinque attenuatis
pubescentibus, inferioribus medio serratis.
Willd. sp. pl. 3. p. 1754.
Icon. Jacq. hort. vind. 164.
Inlow sandy woods: Pensyl vania and Virginia, and on
the banks of the Mississippi and Missonri. 11. Aug.
-Oct. v. v. From three to seven feet high.
16. E. foliis brevi-'petiolatis oppositis ternatisque lanceolato·
oblongis utrinque acutis serratis glabriusculis subrugosis
subtus reticulato-venosis, panicula corymboso.fas.
ciculata confertiflora, calycinis squamis oblongis acu·
tinsculis coloratis.
On the New Jersey mountains.1/.. Sept. Oct. II. II.

SYNGENESIA 1I!!QUALIS. Eupatorium.
About two feet high; stem solid, smooth, purple; peduncles
tomentose; flowers small, but very closely
collected in a corymbose panicle, of a beautiful pale
purple inclining to flesh colour.
515
I. foliis petiolatis ternis quaternisve ovatis utrinque atte- trifoliailim.
nuatis serratis scabriuscuiis. Willd. sp. pl. 3. p. 1756.
n swamps and on the banks of rivers: New York to
Virginia. ¥. Aug.-Oct. v. v. A tall plant with.
out branches.
I. glabellum; foliis quaternis ovali-lanceolatis utrinque Jafeatum.
acuminatis subfalcatis rariter Rerratis, squamis calycinis
extimis brevibus ovalibus.-Mieh. fl. amer. 2.
P·99·
)n the banks of the Ohio and Scioto rivers. lIIJichaux.
¥. +. A tall plant, resembling E. album.
** Calyeibus plus quam 5-jloris.
E. foliis petiolatis quaternis qninisve ovato-Ianceolatis ser- purpureum.
ralis rugoso-venosis scabriusculis, caule fistuloso.
Willd. sp. pI. 3. p. 1759.
[con. Rob. ie. 217. Corn. eanad. t. 72. Moris. hist. 3.
s. 7. t. 13.]' 4. Dod. memo t. 217.
:n swamps, wet woods, nnd on the banks of rivulets:
Canada to Virginia. ¥. Aug.-Oct. v. v. Very
tall; flowers purple.
E. foliis petiolatis quaternis quinisve ovato-l!lnceolatis in- maculalum.
a-qualiter serratis subtus pubescentibus, caule solido
sulcato. WiUd. sp. pl. 3. p. 1760.
[can. Herm. parad. t. 158. Moris. hist. 3. s. 7. t. J 8.
f3.
[n swamps and near ponds and rivulets: Canada to Carolina.
¥. Aug.-Oct. v. v. Stem marked with
purple lines, not so tall as the preceding species; flowers
purple.
E. foliis petiolatis quaternis qUllllsve ovatis acuminatis jJUncialullt.
sel'ratis utrinque scabris, caule solido tereti. Willd.
enum.853.
Eo maculatum. Horlul.
In the Blue-mountains: New Jersey and Pensylvania.
'l/.. Aug.-Oct. v. v. Not so tall as the preceding;
flowers purple, very ornamental.
E. foliis petiolatis ternis quaternisve ovato-Ianceolatis, verticillatulIl,
basi cuneatis inrequaliter serratis glabriusculis, caule
solido lrevi. WiLld. sp. pl. 3. p. 1760.

SYNGENESa .lEt;lU ALIS. Eupatoriut11.
The most common species in the Allegany mountains,
and near the sea-coast from Canada to Pensyl vania.
J/.. Aug.-Oct. v. v. About two feet high; flowers
white.
E. foliis longe-petiolatis subdeltoideo-Ianceolatis rariter
serra tis, calycinis squamis tomentosis obtusis, caule
pulverulento.-.il·Jiclt. ft. amer. 2. p. 100.
On the sea-coast of Carolina, among ScirpU5, &c.
Michaux. )j.. Sept.--Nov. +. Flowers white.
'" 613. MIKANIA. Willd. sp. pl. 3. p. 1742.
M. caule scandente glabro, foliis cordatis repando-dentatis
acuminatis lobis divaricatis imequalibus, floribus
corymbosis. Willd. sp. pl.3. p. 1743.
Eupatorium scandens. Sp. pl. 1171.
Icon. Jaeq. ie. rar. 1. t. 16g. Pluk. aim. t. 163.f. 3.
On the banks of rivers and ditches: Canada to Carolina.
1/.. July-Sept. v. v. A twining plant; flowers
very numerous, white with a tinge of blue. There
is another species, found in Carolina, with flesh-coloured
fragrant flowers, but I have no materials at
hand to give its description.
614. CHRYSOCOMA. Gen. pl. 101g .
. C. foliis radicalibus spathnlato-Ianceolalis, caulinis linearibus
rariter sparsis, caule subnudo, corymbo composito
fastigiato, calycibus oblongis 3-4-floris. Mich.
fl. arner. 2. p. 101.
III low grounds, in the forests of North and South Carolina.
1t. Aug.-Oct. v. v. A plant of singular
appearance, the stem almost leafless; the large flat
corymbus consists of small flowers, entirely yellow;
even [he calyx is deeply coloured .
. C. glabra; foliis linearibus 3-nervibus punctato-scabris,
floribus corymbosis cOllgestis, calycibus laKis 5-fioris
glabris.-Lam. encycl. 2. p. 192.
C. biflora. Sp. pl. 1178. secundum speci!llen Pallasianum
in Herbario Lambertiallo asservatum.
On high cliffs on the banks of the Missouri. M. Lewis.
J/.. Oct. v. s. in Herb. Lewis. From o,ne to t'/Vo feet
high i flowers large, yellow.
,C. calycibus pedllnculis foliisque 5ublallato-pubescenti-
serotinurn.
icandenr.
nuda/a.
dracunculoides.
nauyeosl/..

520 HNGENESIA ,lEQ.UALIS. Marsnallia.
Athanasia trinervia. lP'alt.fl. car. 201.
In the Carolina mOlllltains. 1/.. v. s. in Herb. Walter.
angustifolia. 3. M. caule ramoso, follis infimis angusto-Ianceolatis, rameis
angustissime linearibus, calycinis foliolis rigid is
suaveolens.
integrifolia.
superne angustatis acutissimis, paleis setaceis.
Persoonia angustifolia. Mich.fl. arner. 2. p. 106.
Athanasia graminifolia. lValt. fl. car. 200.
In Tennassee. lY1ichau:.c. In swamps, near Wilmington,
North Carolina. Ph.1/.. June, July.' v. v.
The handsomest species of this genus.
620. SANTOLlNA. Gen. pl. 1278.
1. S. glabra; caule corymboso-ramoso, foHis subbipinnatifidis,
Jaciniis acutis linearibus, pedunculis terminalibus
unifloris.
00 the banks of the Kooskoosky. lYI. Lewis. 0.
June-Aug. v. v.; v. s. in Herb. Lewis. A small
plant of an agreeable sweet scent; flowers yellow.
Planta glabra. . Caulis erectus, ramosus: rami corymbosi
uniflori. Folia sessilia tenuissime pinnatifida, laciniis
inciso- 2-3-fidis, omnibus acutis angusto-linearibus.
Pedunculi terrninales, solitarii, uniflori. Calyx
hemisph::ericus, subimbricato-polyphyllus: foliolis ovalibus,
obtusis, glabris, viridibus, margine albido-membranaceis,
laceris. Cor. discoidea. Discus globosus,
luteus. Corollulce germine oblique insertre, tubulosa:,
4-fidre? laciniis erect is. GenitaLia inclusa. Receptaculum
conicum, paleaceum. Paleis sparsis, oblongis,
obtl1sis. Pappus nulllls. Semina oblique obovata.
I I. SUP E R FLU A_
621. ARTEMISIA. Gen. pl. 1281.
.. Foliis simpliciZ'us.
1. A. cano-tomentosa; caule ereeto virgato; foliis linearilanceolatis
aeuminatis subtus tomentosis subdentatis,
floribus ovatis subsessilibl1s eroctis tomentoiis.-Willd.
sp. pl. 3. p. 1846.

536
ciliaris.
re.flexa.
laterijlora.
Dspera.
altissima.
vulgaris.
recurvata.
virginiana.
gYNGENESIA SUPERFLUA. Solidago.
cundis, pedunculi. hirtis,. liglllis abbreviatis. Wil/d.
sp. pl. 3. p. 2056.
In open low places, on the side of fertile hills: New
England to Virginia. Jj.. Aug.-Oct. v. v.; v. s. in
Herb. Banks. From four to seven feet high.
5. S. callie erecto glabro, foliis lanceolatis sllbtriplinervibus
glabris margine scabris subserratis, racemis paniculatis
secundis, pedllnculis glabris, bracteis cilia tis, ligulis
abbreviatis. Willd. sp. pl. 3. p. 2056.
In Pensylvania. Muhlenlerg. Jj.. +.
6. S. caule erecto villoso, foliis lanceolatis subserratis triplinervi
bus scabris reflex is, ramis panicuiatis subsecundis
reftexis. Willd. sp. pl. 3. p. 2056.
In pine-woods and old fields: New Jersey to Carolina.
Jj.. Aug. Sept. v. v. ; v. s. in Herb. Banks.
7. S. caule erecto pilosiusculo, foliis lanceolatis subtriplinervi
bus glabris margine scabris, inferioribus subserratis,
racemis paniculatis subrecurvis secundis. Willd.
sp. pl. 3. p. 2057.
In old fields and dry woods: Canada to Carolina.1/..
Aug.-Oct. v. v.; v. s. in Herb. Banks. Not more
than balf the size of No.1; flowers larger tban any
of tbe preceding.
** Racemis secundis ; foliis venosis.
8. S. caule erecto tereti piloso, foliis ovatis subellipticis sea·
berrimis rugosis serra tis enervibus, racemis paniculatis
secundis. WilLd. sp. pl. 3. p. 2057.
Icon. Dill. elth. t. 305.]. 392.
In barren dry fields and woods: New York to Carolina.
Jj.. Sept.-Nov. v. v. v. s. in Herb. Banks.
9. S. callIe erecto hi rIo, foliis lanceolatis inferioribus profun
de serratis scaberrimis rugosis, paniculis secundis.
Willd. sp. pl. 3. p. 2057. . ,
Icon. Murt. cent. 14.
a. S. caule 5-pedali piloso, serraturis profundis inrequalihus,
racemis divaricatis. Ait. kew. 3. p. 212.
{3. S. caule 3-pedali villoso, serraturis profundis subrequalibus.
Ait. l. c.
y. S. caule 5·pedali villosissimo, serratnris magnis, racemis
vix divergentibus. Ail. l. c. Mill. diet.
In hedges and fields; common. Jj.. Aug.-Oct. v. v.;
v. s. in Herh. Banks. et Lambert. It is a very variable
species, and scarcely two !ndividuals look alike.

533
ulmifolia.
arguta.
juncea.
eltiptica.
asperata.
recurvata.
sempervirens.
virgata.
5YNGE'i'ESIA SUPERFLU A. Solidago.
16. S. caule erecto glabro striato, foliis ellipticis profunde
serra tis acuminatis su\)tus villosis, radicaliblls obovatis,
racemis paniculatis secundis, pedunculis villosis, ligulis
abbreviatis.-Willd. sp. pL. 3. p. 2060.
In swamps and shady woods: New York to Virginia.
1/.. Aug.-Oct. v. v.
17. S. caule ereeto glabro, foHis glabris argute inrequaliter
serra tis, caulinis ellipticis, radicalibus ovato-oblongis,
racemis paniculatis secundis .. ligulis elongatis. Willd.
sp. pl. 3. p. 2060.
In woods and meadows: Canada to Virginia.1/.. Sept.
-Nov. v. v.; v. s. in Herb. Banks.
lB. S. caule f'recto glabl'O, foliis lanceolatis glabris margine
scabris, inferioribus serratis, racemis paniculatis 5e·
cundis. Willd. sp. pl. 3. p. 2060.
In sandy fields and "',lOds: New Jersey to Carolina.
2/.. Aug.--Oct. v. v.; v. s. in Herb. Banks.
19. S: caule ereeto glabro, foliis ellipticis lrevibus serra tis,
racemis paniculatis secundis, ligulis mediocribus.
Willd. sp. pi. 3. p. 2060.
S. latissimifolia. Mill. diet.
In shady woods, among rocks: New York to Virginia.
n. Aug.-Oct. v. v.; v. s. in Herb. Banks.
20. S. caule paniculato-corymboso, racemis suberectis, floribus
adscendentibus, foliis lanceolatis serratis scabris.
Herb. Banks. mss.
In Canada. 1/.. v. s. in Herb. Banks.
21. S. caule erecto pubescente, foliis lanceolatis serratis mar·
gine scabris, racemis elongatis secundis recurvatis paniculatis.
Willd. enum. 88g.
In shady woods: Pensylvania and Virginia. 1/.. Sept
-Nov. v. v.
22. S. caule erecto glabro, foliis Iineari-lanceolatis subcamosis
lrevibus integerrimis margine scabris, racemis paniculatis
secundis, pedunculis pilosis. WiUd. sp. pl. 3.
p.2060.
Icon. Pluk. aIm. t. 235.f. 5. Moris. hist. 3. s. 7. t. 23.
f. 15.
In swamps and on the banks of rivers: Canada to Pensylvania.1/..
Sept.-Nov. v. v.; v. s. in Herb.
Banks. et Lambert.
23. S. caule glabro simplicissimo, foliiq subcuneato-lanceolatis
oblusis integerrimis glaberrimis appressis, supe-

546
tenuifolius.
dumosus.
violaceus.
albus.
,ricoitks.
multifiorus.
cilia Ius.
SYNG!NESIA SUPER'LUA. Aster.
Tcon. Dill. dth. t. 35. f. 39 ?
In dry barren fields and on road sides: Canada to Carolina.
2j.. Aug.-Oct. v. v.; v. s. in Herb. Lambert.
Flowers small, white; scarcely a distinct species from
the following. There is no specimen of it in the
Banksian Herbarium.
12. A. foliis lineari-Ianceolatis utrinque attenuatis margine
hispidis, caule glabro ramoso ereeto, ramulis ullifloris,
calycibus imbricatis, squamis oblongis acntis laxis.
Willd. sp pl. 3. p. 2026.
Icon. Pluk. aim. 78. f. 5.
On road sides and barren fields. Aug.-Nov. IJ. V.;
v. s. in Herb. Banks. et Lambert. Flowers the same
as the rreceding, which I consider only a variety of
the present species.
13. A. foliis linearibus glabris, ramulorum brevissimis, rae
mis paniculatis, calycibus cylindraceis arcte imbricatis.
Willd. sp. pl. 3. p. 2026.
(1,. A. radio pall ide violaceo, caule pubescente. Ait. lew. 3.
p.202.
{3. A. radio albo, caule glabro. Ait. I. c.
Icon. Herm. parad. 95. Piuk. aim. t. 78.f 6.
In dry barren fields and sand-barrens: New England to
Carolina. 1t. Aug.-Nov. v. v.; v. s. in Herb.
Banks. et Lambert. Flowers small, rays white, disk
yellow.
14. A. foliis linearibus glaberrimis, ramulorum subulatis
approximatis, caulinis e1ongatis, calycibus subsquarrosis,
foliolis acutis, caule glabro. Willd. sp. pl. 3.
p.2027.
In barren grounds and on road sides; common: Canada
to Carolina. 1t. Aug.-Nov. v. v.; V.6 •. in Herb.
Banks. et Lambert. Flowers the size and colour of
the preceding.
15. A. foliis linearibus glabriusculis, caule ramosissimo difroso
pubescente, ramulis secundis, calycibus imbrica.
tis, squamis oblongis squarrosis acutis. Willd. sp.
pl. 3. p. 2027.
Icon. Dill. elth. t. 36.f. 40.
In dry fields, and on road sides: Canada to Carolina.
11-. Aug.-Nov. v. v.; v. s. in Herb. Banks. et
Lambf'l't. Probably only a variety of the preceding.
16. A. foliis ciliatis, caulinis lineari-lanceolatis nervosis, rameis
brevissimis lanceolatis 3-nervibus, caule ramoso_

SYNGBNEBIA SUPIlB.FLUA. Aster.
minatis subpetiolatis ghbris margine hispidi" corymho
divergenti-dichotomo nudillscllio pallcifloro, calycibu5
laxis imbricatis, radiis 8-floris.-Willd. sp. pl. 3.
p.2038.
A. infirmus. Mich.}l. amer. 2. p. 109.
A. divaricatus. Willd. sp. pl. 3. p. 2044. secundum specimen
Gronou. et Banks.
Icon. WiLtd. hart. b,;'rol.67. Pluh. alm.t. 7g.f I.
In shady and rocky places: Canada to Carolina. ¥-.
Aug.-Oct. v. v.; v. s. in Herb. Brwhs. et Gronou.
Not above a foot high; flowers clear white, and 1.Irge
in proportion to the plant.
28. A. foliis lallceolatis basi attenuatis acuL11inati; margine arnygdalillus.
scabris, caule simplici apice corymboso-fastigiato, calycibus
laxis imbricatis, sqllamis lanceolatis obtusis.-
Lam. encycl. 1. p. 303.
A. umbellatus. Ait. kew. 3. fl. I 99.
On the banks of rivers and in sw .. mps: Canada to Carolina.
¥. Sept.-Nov. v. v.; v. s. in Herb. Bunks.
et Lam vert.. Rays large, white.
29. A. foliis lineari-lanceolatis subintegerrimis glabris. caule saliei/o/ius.
glabro apice paniculalo, calycibus Jaxis imbricatis,
squamis acutis apice patulis.-Willd. sp. pl. 3.
p.2030.
A. pr

56s
aristata.
trichosperma.
auriculata.
tripteris.
se1lifolia.
aurea.
trifida.
SYNOl!NESIA PRt1STRANEA. Coreopsis.
u Foliis opfJn,itis, divisis.
5. C. pubescens; foliis quinato-pinnatis serratis, radiis integris
lato-ovalibus, semiOlbus cUlleato-obovalis bi·
aristatis, aristis divaricatis.-Willd. sp. pi. 3. p. 2253.
C. aristosa. Mich . .fi. amer. 2. p. 140.
In South Carolina and IJIinois. 1/.. Aug. Sept. v. I.
}

SYNSENESlA FRUSTRANE,4.. Coreopsis.
Icon. Lam. illustr. t. 704.f 2.
In North America. Lamarck. J.j.. +. Resembles
C. ver ticillata.
12. C. foliis verticiJlatis tern is quinisve pinnatis, pinnis line- tenuifalia.
aribus tripartltis indivisisque, disco con colore. WiUd.
sp. pl. 3 p. 2252.
C. verticillata. Lam. encycl. 2. p. lOS.
Icon. Pluk. manto t. 344.f 4.
On high dry mountain lands: Virginia and Carolina. J.j..
Aug.-Oct. V. v.
13. C. foliis verticillatis ternis quinisve pinnatis, pinnis line- verticillata.
aribus tripartios indivisi5que, disco discolore. Willd.
sp. pi. 3. p. 2151.
C. delphinifolia. Lam. encycl. 2. p. 108.
Icon. Bot. mag. 156. Ehret pict. t. g.f 1.
On high mounta!ns: Virginia and Carolina. J.j.. Aug.
-Oct. V. V.
14. C. glabra; foliis petiolatis, inferioribus bipinnatifidis, mitis.
superioribus Iineari-3-partitis, calycibus simpliciusculis,
seu!inibus nudis.- Willd. sp. pl. 3. p. 2253.
In low grounds of Carolina. Michaux. On the Mis.
souri. M. Lewis. d" July, Aug. V. v.
*** Flilliis aLternis.
15. C. foliis ovato-lanceolatis acntis denticulatis subhirtis, acuta.
floribus coryrnboso-paniculatis.
In Georgia. Bartram. ,j'. V. S. in Herb. Banks.
16. C. caule glabro superne nudiu5culo dichotomo, foliis ple- dichatoma.
rumque alternis indivisis integerrimis in petiolum angustatis,
seminibui obovatis bisetosis scabris, ala marginali
fimbriato-Iacera.-Mich.fl. amer. 2. p. 137.
C. gladiata. Walt.fl. car. 215.
In shady sphagnous swamps of New Jersey and Caroli.
na. 0. July-Oct. V. v.
17. C. foliis ellipticis acuminatis serratis petiolatis venosis procera.
decurrentibus, inferioribus verticillatill, superioribus
alternis. Willd. sp. pi. 3. p. 225S.
In North America. Aiton. J./.. +.
18. C. foliis lineari-lanceolatis integerrimis lrevibus, radiis angustifolia,
oblongis trifidis, lacinia media majore.-Witld.- sp.
pl. 3. p. 2257.
In Carolina and Florida. Bar/ram. J./.. 'V. s. in Herll.
Banks.

SYNGENESIA NECESSARIA.
IV. NEe E S SA RIA.
659. CHAPTALIA. Vent. hort. eels 61.
l. C. foliis ovato.oblongis integerrimis subtus argenteo.to.
mentosis, sea po nudo unifloro, fIore nutante.-Vent.
I. c. cum ieone.
Tussilago integrifolia. Mieh.fl. amer. 2. p. 121.
Perdicium semifio,culare. Walt.fl. car. 204.
In sandy fields and woods, in moist soil: Carolina to
Florida. )J.. May, June. v. v. Flowers white, with
a tinge of pale purple.
660. SILPHIU:\T. Gen. pl. 1334. •
tomentosa.
1. S. caule superne hispido, faliis radicalibus caulinisque laciniatum.
pinnatifidis, laciniis dentato-sinU3tis, calycinis folioJis
subcordatis acuminati5.-Willd. sp. pi. 3. p. 2330.
Icon. Linn.fit.fase. l. t. 3.
On the banks of rivers in the western territories, parti.
cularly on the Mississippi. )J.. Aug.-Oct. v. v.
From eight to twelve feet high; flowers large, and, as
all the rest of the genus, yellow.
2. S. caule lrevi, foliis caulinis sinuato-pinnatifidis, radica- compositum.
Jibus ternatis ,in'nto- multifidis, floribus parvis pan iculatis.-Wil/d.
sp. pl. 3. p. 2331.
S.laciniatum. Walt. fl. car. 2 17.
S. sinuatum. Herb. Banks. 1I1SS.
In gravelly wuods, near the sea-coast: Virginia and Carolina.
)J.. Ang.-Oct. v. v. Not above two feet
high; flowers small.
3. S. caule lrevi, foliis radicalibus amplis cordatis, caulinis terebinthina.
alternis ovatis serratis scabris.-W il/d. sp. pl. 3. ceunt.
p.2331.
Icon. Jaeq. ILOrt. 1. t. 43.
In the western mountains and Louisiana. )J.. Aug.­
Oct. v. v. About five feet high; radical leaves very
large.
4. S. caule tetragono lrevi, foliis oppositis connalis ovatis perJoliatum.
serl'atis.-Willd. sp. pl. 3. p. 2331.
J3. S. squamis calycinis quatuor exterioribus calyce interiore conjunctum.
longiore. Willd. enum. 933.
In the Allegany mountains: Pensylvania to Carolina.

SYNGENESJA NECESSARIA. Silphium. 579
to North America. Retz. 1/.. v. s. in Herb. Lambert.
'2. S. caule tereti I:£vi, foliis subquaterno.verticillatis lan- atropurpu.
ceolalis scabris subintegerrimis subsessilibus basi cilia- reum.
tis, sllperioribus sparsis, panicula dichotoma.-TP'illd.
SI). pl. 3. p. 2334.
In Carolina and Georgia. Lyon. 2!-. Aug. Sept. I). v.
Resembles the preceding; but its purple smooth stem
distinguishes it at first sight.
13. S. callIe petiolisque tomentosis, ramis unifloris, foliis tomentosllm.
alternis corda tis ova tis se:-ratis petiolatis vi\losis, seminiblls
muticis.-Herb. Banks. mss.
10 Georgia. BaTtTam. ]j.. v. s. in Herb. Banl1s.
14. S. foliis alterois petiolatis cordatis sinuatis, squamis caly- etatllm.
cinis obtusis. Herb. Banks. mss.
10 CaroJ\oa. 1/.. v. s. in Herb. Banks.
15. S. foliis alternis ovato-lanceolatis cordatis serratis obtusi- reticulatum.
usrulis villosiusculis. Herb. Banlls. 'I1lSS.
In Florida.1/.. v. s. in Herb. Bunks.
661. POLYIVINIA. Gen. pl. 1335.
L P. viscido-villosa; foliis denticlllatis aCllminatis, inferio- canadensis.
ribus pinnatifirlis, superioribus trilobis integrisve.-
Willd. sjl. pl. 3. p. 2325.
Icon. Amren. acado 3. t. 1..f 5.
In shady mountains: Canada to Virginia.1/.. Jl1l1e,
July. v. v. Two or three feet high; flowers yellow;
the whole plant has a strong balsamic scent.
2. P. foliis oppositis trilobis acutis in petiolum decnrrellti-. Uvedalia,
bus, lobis allguloso-sinuatis, racliis dongatis.-Willd.
sp. pl. 3. p. 2335.
P. maculata. Cay. ie. 3. t. 227.
Icon. Plak. dm. t. 83. f. 3. Moris. hist. 3. s. 6. t. 7·
.f 55. Trew piet. sUfJpl. ll2.
In the mountains of Virginia and Carolina.1/.. July­
Sept. v. V. From four to eight teet high.
662. CHRYSOGO}TUM. Gen. pl. 1337.
1. C. pumilum, lanato-villosum; foliis in petiolum angus. virginianum
tatis ovalibus dentatis.-TVilld. sp. pl. 3. p. 2337.
Icon. Pluk. aIm. t. 83.f 4. G' t. 242.f. 3.
On dry hills: Virginia and Carolina. 2!-. May, June.
v. v. Not above a span high; flowers yellow.

SYNGENESIA NECESsARIA. Ambr()sia.
On the banks of ponds and ditches: Pensylvania apd
Virgir.ia. 0. July-Sept. v. v. The flowers of
this genus are very inconspicuous.
2. A. hirsutisslma; foliis arcte sessilibus simplicibus obIon.
gis supra basin latescentem utrinque unidentatis, fmclU
tetragono infra apicem quadrispinoso. A1ich. fl.
amer. 2. p. 182.
hidentata.
In the western parts of the Allegany mountains 0.
July-Sept. v. v.
3. A. hirsuta, aspera; foliis 3-lobis serra tis, lobis ovali-Ianceolatis
acuminatis, fmctu infra apicem 6-spinoso.­
WiUd. sp. pl. 4. p. 375.
Icon. MOl·is. hist. 3. s. 6. t. 1.14.
On the banks of rivers and ditches: Pensylvania to Ca­
trifida.
rolina. 0. Aug. Sept. v. v. From five to eight
feet high.
4. A. foliis bipinnatifidis glabriusculis, petiolis longe cilia.
tis, racemis terminalibus paniculatis, caule virgato.
WiLld. sp. pl. 4. p. 376.
In old fields: Canada to Carolina. 0. June-Aug. v. v.
elatjor.
5. A. foliis bipinnatifidis subtus canescentibus summis pin- artemisifolia..
natifidis, racemis terr.is terminalibus, ramis fastigiatis.
Willd. sp. pl. 4. p. 376.
In fields and waste grounds: Pensylvania to Carolina.
0. Aug. Sept. u. v.
6. A. foliis glabris bipinnatifidis summis pinnatifidis, racemis
terminaiibus solitariis, ramis fastigiatis. Willd. sp.
paniculata.
pt. 4. p. 376.
Icon. Pluk. aIm. t. 10. f. 5.
In old fields and on road sides: Canada to Florida.
July-Sept. v. v.
0.
7. A. foliis caulinis pinnatifidis subdentatis petiolatis, rameis heteropkylla.
summis lanceolaris sessilibus, petiolis longe ciliatis,
racemis terminalibus solitariis,
W iUd. sp. pl. 4. p. 3,8.
caule paniculato.
On the banks of rivers and ditches: near Philadelphia.
0. July-Sept. II.V.
667. XANTHIUM. Gen. pl. 1426.
I. X. caule inermi ramoso, foliis cordatis lobatis serratis StrulIlariu1ll.
scabris basi trinervibus, fructibus ellipticis pubescentibus
setis rigidis uncinatis.-Willd. sp. pl. 4. p. 373•
5.l

SYNGENESIA NECESSARIA. Xanthium.
Icon. Fl. dan. 970.
On road sides, among rubbish and cultivated grounds:
New England to Pensylvania. 0.· Aug. Sept. v. v.
The fruit resembles the common Burdock.
V. S E G REG A T A.
668. ELEPHANTOPUS. Gen. pl. 1347.
carolinianus. 1. E. foliis radicalibus caulinisque oblongis basi angustatis
utrinque pilosis, caule simplici erecto piloso.-Willd.
sp. pl. 3. p. 2390.
E. scaber. Mick.fl. amer. 2. p. 148.
Icon. DiLl. eltk. t. 106. f. 126. Sloan. kist. 1. t. 156.
f.I.
In shady woods: Virginia to Florida. '2/.. Aug.-Oct.
v. v. Flowers red.
tomento5us. 2. E. foliis radicalibus cau}inisque ovatis basi attenuatis
utrinque tomentosis, caule simplici tomentoso.-WilU.
sp. pl. 3. p. 2390.
On dry sunny hills: Lower Virginia and Carolina. JI..
Aug.-Oct. v. v. Flowers deep red.

I
554
dealbata.
OVNANnRU.
677. CALYPSO. Cor. 6-petala: 5. sursum expan98.
Labellum sacciforme, dorso basis 2-calcaratum. Sty.
Ius late alatus. Stigma operculo 2-lobo absconditum.
Pollen lamellis 4. solidis.
II. DIANDRIA.
678. CYPRIPEDIUM. Cor. 4-petala, patens. Labellum
ventricoso-inflatum, obliquum. Stylus superne lobQ
petaloideo appendiculatus.
III. HEXANDRIA.
679. ARISTOLOCHIA. Cor. I-petals, tubuloso-ligulata,
basi ventricosa. Styl. o. Caps. infera, 6-locularia.
IV. DODECANDRIA.
680. ASARUM. Cor. tubuloso-campanulata, .l3-4-fida.
Anthera! mediis filamentis adnatre. Caps. infera,
coronata, 6-10cularis.
I. ]t1 0 NAN DR I A.
669. THALIA. Gen. pl. 10.
1. T. panicula albido-pulverulenta, spath is bifioris, folii.
ovatis apice revolutis.-Roscoe in linn. trans. 8. p. 340.
Icon. In a jingle plate of J. Fraser.
In impenetrable swamps of South Carolina. 1t. Aug.
Sept. v. v. s.fl. ; v. s. c. fl. in Herb. Lambert. A
tall and handsome plant; flowers small, purple.
J. Millington, Esq. of South Carolina, is, to my
knowledge, the first discoverer of this elegant plant .
.It was introduced into the English gardens by tbl
Messrs. Frasers.

6YNANDItIA MONANDRIA. iSS
670. CANNA. Gen. pl. 1.
1. C: foliis petiolatis lanceolatis costatis, coroUre limbo in- angustifolia.
teriore trifido : laciniis strictis emarginatis.-TYilld. sp.
pl. 1. p. 3 ?
C. glauca. Walt.fl. car. 5g.
In deep and almost impregnable swamps of Georgia.
Enslen. Jt. July, Aug. v. s. in Herb. Enslen. Flowers
scarlet. It approaches near to C. indica, and probably
may be a new species, if not the true C. angustifolia.
2. C. foliis sessilibus lanceolatis glaucis, coroUre limbo in- flaccida.
teriore trifido: laciniis flaccidis.-Roscoe in linn.
trans. 8. p. 33g.
C. glauca {3. flaccida. Willd. sp. pl. 1. p. 4.
C. angustifolia. Walt.fl. car. 5g.
Icon. Salisb. stirp. rar. 3. t. 2. Thumps. bot. t. 1. Re.
dout.Jliliac. 107.
In swamps of South Carolina. ]J.. Aug. Sept. v. II.
Flowers large, yellow.
671. ORCHIS. Swart'%. act. holm. 1800, p.205.
.. Radicibus testicutatis.
1. O. labt:llo oblongo-Ianceolato pinnatim ciliato petalis duplo
longiore, cornu germine longiore. T17illd. sp. pl. 4.
p.8.
Icon. Bot. rep. 42.
In old meadows and exsiccated swamps: Canada to Carolina.
]J.. June, July. v. v. Flowers a brigbt
golden-yellow, very handsome.
2. O. labelJo lanceolato ciliato longitudine petali supremi,
cornu germine longiore. Willd. sp. pl. 4. p. g.
Orchis testiculata floribus niveis, &c. Clayt. no. 560.
In low swampy bottoms: New Jersey to Carolina. ]J. •
June, July. v. v. Flowers clear white; resembles
the preceding very much.
3. O.lahello 3.partito, laciniis capillaceo-multifidis, petalis
obtusis, cornu filiformi-clavato adscendente germinis
longitudine. Willd. sp. pl. 4. p. 3g.
In old fields, on the side of swamps: Canada to Virginia.
Jt. June-Aug. v. s. Flowers yellow.
•. O. labello oblongo pinnatim.ciliato, petalis rotundatis,
binis lateralibus dentatis, cornu germine breviore.
Wi/ld. sp. pl. 4. p. g. Mich. fl. amer. 2. p. \56.
Q2
ciliaris .
blepkariglottis.
psycode$.
",islaifl .

592
ophiog {ossoides.
liliifolia.
GYNANDRJA MONANDRJA.
675. MALAXIS. Swart%. act. holm. 1800. p. 233.
1. M. folio solitario ovato amplexicauJi, scapo pentagono,
labello apice bifido. Willd. sp. pl. 4. p. gO.
M. llnifolia. Mich.jl. amer. 2. p. 157.
In shady wood&': Pensylvaoia to Florida. J/.. May,
June. v. v.
2. M. foliis binis ovato-Ianceolatis, sea po triquetro, petalis
interioribus filiformibus reflexis discoloribus, labello
concavo obovato apice acuto.-WilLd. sp. pl. 4.
p. g2.
Ophrys trifolia. Walt.fl. car. 221.
Cphrys scapo nudo, foliis radicalibus, &c. Gron. virgo
p.1::18.
Epidendrum caule ereeto simplicissimo nudo, racewo
simplici e)·ecto. Gran. virgo p. 140.
Icon. Bot. rrp. 65.
In shady wet woods, round the roots of trees: Canada
to VirginiJ ]J.. June, July. v. V. The three ootside
petals are sharp-pointed, white; the two inside
ones thread-shaped, yellowish, and reflex; the lower
lip broad-obol ate with an abrupt point of a pale olive
colour.
676. CYMBIDIUM. Swarh. nov. act. ups. 6. p. 70.
pulchellum. 1. C. toliis radicalibus enoiformibus nervosis, scapo paucifloro,
labello erecto basi attenuato, lamina expansa,
disco concavo barbato.- TVilld. sp. pl. 4. p. 105.
Limodorum tuberosum. $yst. veg. 680. Mich . .fl. amer.
2. p. 159.
LimodorlllTI pulchellum. Sa,lisb. prodr. 8.
Ophrys barbata. Walt.jl. car. 221.
ICGn. Bot. mag. 116.
In spbagnol1s swamps: Canada to Florida. 11-. July.
v. v. Flowers purple, very hanJsome.
verecundum. 2. C. foHis radicalibus lato-lanceolatis plicato-nervosis, scapo
multiflora, petalis interioribus conniventibus, labello
ventricoso, lamina emarginata crispa sulcata. Wit/d.
sp. pl. 4. p. 105.
Limodorum verecundum. Salisb. prodr. g.
Limodorllm tuberosum. Jaeq. collect. 4. p. lOS.
Limodarnm altum. Jaeq. ie. rar. 3. t.602.
Limodorum trifidum. ilJich.jl. amer. 2. p. 159.
Icoll. Mart. cent. t. 50. Mill. ic. 145.

596
Sipho.
Serpentaria.
canadense.
GYNANDRIA HEXANDRIA.
Ill. HEX AND RIA.
679. ARISTOLOCHIA. Gen. pl. 1383.
1. A. foliis cordatis acutis, caule volubili, pedunculis unifloris
bractea ovata instructis, corollis adscendentibus,
limbo trifido requali. Willd. sp. pl. 4. p. 155.
A. macrophylla. Lam. encycl. 1. p. 252.
Icon. Bot. mag. 534. L' Herit. stirp. t. 7.
On the mountains: Pensylvania to Carolina. r,. June.
v. v. A very high running vine; leaves large, and
well calculated to form shady bowers; flowers very
singular in structure, yellowish-brown; the leave.
are more or less pubescent.
2. A. foliis cordatis oblongis acuminatis, caule fiexuoso adscendente,
pedunculis radicalibus, corollre labio lanceolato.
Willd. sp. pl. 4. p. 159.
In shady woods, on fertile soil: New England to Carolina;
principally througllOut the mountains.1/..
May, June. v. v. This is the famous Virgini.z
Snake-root, so very highly and, I think, deservedly
esteemed by the Indians and white inhabitants of
America. I have seen a very narrow and long-leaved
variety of it, which, if there were any difterence in
the flowers, might claim to be a distinct species.
IV. DODECANDRIA.
680. ASARUM. Ge1l. pl. 801.
1. A. foliis lato-reniformibus geminatis, calyce lanato profunde
tripartito, laciniis sublanceolatis refieltis.­
Mich. fl. amer. J. p. 279. Willd. sp. pl. 2. p. 838.
A. carolinianum. Walt.fl. car. 143.
A.latifolium. Salisb. prodr. 344.
leon. Moris. hist. 3. s. 13. t. 7.f, 4. Corn. canad. t. 25.
In shady rocky situations: Canada to Carolina.1/..
April. v. v. 1 he root is highly aromatic, and known
by the inhabitants under the name of Wild Ginger. It
is said to be made use of by the Indian females to
prevent impregnation.

&YNANDRIA DODECANDRIA. Asarum. 597
2. A. foliis solitariis rotundato-cordatis glabris coriaceis, virgi1licum.
flore subsessili, calyce extus glabro breviter campanulato.-Mich.
fl. amer. 1. p. 279. '¥iUd. sp. pl. 2.
p.838.
In shady rocky woods: Virginia and Carolina. J.j.. May.
v. v. Leaves white speckled, very smooth.
S. A. foliis .subha5tato-cordatis coriaceis, calyce tubuloso arifolium.
illfrl;llimbum brevissimo trifidum coarctato. Mich.fl.
amer. ]. p. 279.
A. virginicum. Walt. fl. car. 143.
In shady woods of Lower Carolina. J.j.. May. v. v.
Leaves speckled.

XIX. DIe LIN I A.
I. SEGREGAT .. E.
* Ulliloculares.
6131. V ALISNERIA. Dioica. Masc. Spatha 2-partita.
Spadix eonieus tectus Hoseulis. Cal. 3-partitus.
Stnm. 2. Fen!. Spatha tubniosa, 2-fida, I-flora.
Cal. superus, longissimus, limbo 6-partito, laciniis
alternis linearibus. Stigmata 3. semibifida. Caps.
cylindrica, l-Ioenlaris, polysperma.
682. N AJ AS. llfortoica. Masc. Cal. cylindricus, 2·fidtls.
Stamen 1. filamento longo, anthera 4 -valvi: valviii
patentibus. Fern. Cal. o. Styl. 1. Stigrn. 2. Nux
4-sperma.
683. DIOTIS. Monoica. Masc. Cal. 4-phyllus. Starn. 4.
Fern. Cal. I-phyllus, bieornis. Stylus 2-partittli.
Sem. 1. villosum, calyce bicorni tectum.
** Tricoccce; Capsula 3-locularis, 3-sperma. StaminA
monadelpha. Monoica.
4)84. RICINUS. Masc. Cal. 5-partitus. Starn. numerosa.
Fern. Cal. 3-partitus. Styli 3. bifidi. Caps, eebinata.
685. JATROPHA. Masc. Cor. 1-petala, infundibulifor·
mis. Starn. 10. alterna breviora. Fern. Cor. 5-pe·
tala, patens. Styli 3. bifidi.
686. CROTON. Masc. Cal. eylindricus, 5-dentatus. Cor.
5-petala, aut O. Starn. 10-15. Fern. Cal. poly.
phyllus. Cor. o. Styli 3. bifidi.
687. ACALYPHA. Cal.3-4-partitus, I-bracteatus. Masc.
Bractea squamiformis. Starn. 8-16. Fern. Bractea
magna cordata involucriformis. Styli 3. bifidi.
688. TRAGIA. Masc. Cal. 3-partitus. Starn. 3. subses·
silia. Fern. Cal. 5.partitus. Stylus 3-fidus.

DICLINIA.
ITI. CONIFER...E.
'*' Flores monoici.
707. PINUS. Masc. Amentum imbricatum. Cal.4-pbyl­
Ius. Stam. plurima. Anth. nudre. Fem. Cal. strobili
s. coni: squama biflora. Pis till. 1. Nux ala
membranacea excepta.
708. CUI RESSUS Masc. Amentum ovatum, imbrica­
. tum: squamis (20) oppositis, apice peltatis, basi
4-andris. Anth. sessiles. Fem. Conus subrotundus :
squamis (8-10) oppositis, peltatis. Germina sub
singulis plurima minima serie simplici. Styl. o.
Stigm. cylindricum, fistulosum. Nux angulosa 1sperma.
709. TRUY A. Masc. Amentum ova tum : squamis 6. trino
ordine oppositis, apice obtusis, basi 4-andris; Anth.
substipitatre. Fem. Conus subovatus: squamis oblongis
apice incrassatis, longitudinaliter conniventibus.
GfTmina 2. Styl. brevissimus. Stigm. concavum.
Caps. l-sperma:, margine a1ato.
;\0* Flores dioici.
710. JUNIPERUS. Amenta ovata: squamis stipitatopeltatis.
Masc. Squam£e ternatim verticillata:, stipite
2-3-4-antherifero. Fem. Squam£e pauciores,
cruciatim opposita:. Germ. 1. Styl. o. Stigm. tubulosum.
Fructus bacciformis, carnosus. Nux 1locularis.
711. TAX US. Gemma polyphylla, opposite-imbricata.
Cal. O. Masc. Anther£e peltata:, 8-fida:. Fem.
Germ. 1. Styl. o. Stigm. 1. Receptaculum cupula:forme,
nuce ovata, nuda.
712. ZAMIA. Amentum strobiliforme. Masc. Squama
obovata. Cal. o. Antlter£e p1mes, globosre, rima
dehiscentes, in squama sessiles. Fem. Squam£e peltata:.
Germ. 2. Styl. o. RaCCa! 2. 7-spermre.
Jt2
601

{HCLINIA AMENTACElE. Quercus.
In pine-barrens: Carolina and Georgia. It. May. v. t'.
The Barren Scrub Oak is of shrubby growth, not above
fifteen feet high, and occurs in the most sterile soil of
those countr.es in great abundance.
22. Q. fdiis longe petiolatis basi obtusis snbtus tomentosis
trilobis sinuatisve, lobis subfalcatis setaceo·mucronatis,
terminali elongatn, cupula crateriformi, glallde globosa.-Mich.
fl. amer. 2. p. 199.
Q. elongara. Willd. sp. pl. 4. p. 444.
Icon. Mich. querc. n. 16. t. 28. Mich. arb. 2. p. 104.
t. 21.
In sandy soil, near the sea-coast: New Jersey to Georgia.
It. May. v. v. A very large tree, commonly called
Spanish Oak. In the southern states it is known by
the name of Red Oak.
23. Q. foliis longe petiolatis oblongis profunde sinuatis glabris,
axillis venarum subtus viliosis, lobis divaricatis
dentatis aCl1tis setaceo-mucronatis, cupula scutellata
lrevi, glande subglobosa.-Willd. sp. pl. 4. p. 4-16.
Icon. Mich. querc. n. 19. t. 33. 34. 111ich. arb. 2. p. 123.
t.25. Du Roi hal'bk. 2. t. 5.f. 4. TVangh. amer. t.5.
f. 10.
In low swampy woods: New England to Pensylvania,
'and in JIIinois. I? May. v. v. The Swamp Spanish
Oak or Pin Oak is a large tree; leaves rather
small and handsomely divided; the acorus small, and
generally in great abundance.
24. Q. foliis longe petiolatis obovato-cuneiformibl1s tri-quinquelobisve
margine integerrimis Sl1btus cinereo-tomentosis,
lobis setaceo-mucronatis, cupula subturbinata,
glande subglobosa.-Mich . ./i. amer. 2. p. 199.
Q. iIicifolia. Willd. sp. pl. 4. p. 447. TVangh. alner. 79.
t. 6.! 17.
Icon. Mich. 'Iuerc. n. IS. t. 27. Mich. arb. 2. p. 96.
t. 19. Abbot. insect. 2. t. 79 ?
In dry barren fields and ou the mountains: New Jersey
to Virginia. I? May. v. II. This shrub, about
four or six feet high, covers large tracts of ground
wherever it occurs, called Oak-barrens: it is known
by the name of Bear Oak, Black Scrub Oak, and
Dwarf Red Oak.
,VOL. II. T
631
falcata.
palustris.
Bcmisteri,

Mtans.
caroliniallu.
CRYPTOGAMIA HYDROPTERIDI!S.
738. SALVINIA. Gen. pl. 1617.
1. S. foliis ellipticis obtusis supra fasciculato-setosis, petiolis
pilosis, fructibllS subsessilibus aggregatis. WiUd •. p.
pl. 5. p. 536.
Marsilea nalans. Sp. pi. 1562.
Icon. Schkuhr filie. t. 173. Lam. illust. 863. I
Floating, lIke Lemna, on the surface of stagnant waters:
in several of the small lakes in the western parts of
New York and Canada. 0. v.v.
739. AZOLLA. Lam. encycl. 1. p. 340.
1. A. foliis imbricalis ovato-oblongis obtusis patentibus sub.
tus rubris.-Willd. sp. pl. 5. p.541.
Floating on Ihe waters of Lake Ontario. 0. v. v.
Resembles a floating moss or Jun$ermaflnia.
FIN IS.

TABLE
OF
ANO:\iALOUS FLO'WERS.
iHONANDRIA. MONOGYNfA.
Kyllingia. 47. Cyperus. liO. Scirpns. 54. Thalia. 584.
Cimn?.585. ORCHIDE.k; omnes 585-594.
MONANDRiA. DfGYNTA.
Agrostis. 64. Saccharnm. 73. Uniola. 84. Alehemilla. 112.
DIANDRIA. MONOGYNIA.
Salicornia. 2. Eoerhavia. 31. Kyllingia. 46. Anychia. 176.
Lepidiurn. 435. Cypripedium. 594. Vallisneria.60:!.
Salix. 608.
DIANDRIA. DTGYNIA.
Podostemum. 3. Muhlenhergia. 61. Anthoxanthum. 65.
Holeus 78. Festuca. 83. Salix. 608.
TRIANDRIA. MONOGYNJA.
Galium.l02. Anychia.176. Pri\los.220. Brodirea.223.
Juncus. 237. Melothria. 444. Sicyos. 444. Momordica..444.
TRIANDRTA. DIGYNIA.
Salix. 608. Comptonia. 635.
TRIANDRIA. TRIGYNIA.
Amaranthus. 206. Triglocbin. 247. Phyllanthus. 443.
Po)ygonum. 26g. Tragia. 604. Juniperus. 646.

'l'ABLE OJ.> ANOMALOUS FLOWERS.
TETRANDRIA. MONOGYNTA.
Gratiola. 12. Elytraria. 13. Monarda. 16. ColJinsonia.20.
Anychia. 176. Prinos.220. SmiJacina.233. Clarckia.
260. Pothos.398. Class. XIII. DIDYNAl'IlIA.401
-431. Diotis. 602. Alnus. 622.
TETRANDRTA. DIGYNIA.
Gentiana. 185. Myrica. 620. Juglans. 636. Moms. 639
Cupressus. 645. Thuya. 646.
TETRANDRIA. TETRAGYNIA.
Proserpinaca.92. Myriophyllum. 274.
PENTANDRIA. MONOGYNIA.
Catalpa. 10. Coriins. 107. Echites. 178. Gonolobium.
176. Apocynum. 179. Asclepias. 160. Ceropegia.184.
Amsonia. 164. Gelseminum. 184. Gentialla. 185.
Prinos.220. Polygonum.269. Cassia. 307. Passiflora.
4.J-4. Illecebrum. 445. Galax. 446. Lobelia. 446.
Petalostemum. 461. Class. XVII. SYNGENESlA.
49 1- 5 82.
PENTANDRJA. DIGYNIA.
Polygonnm. 270. Scleranthus.315. Iresine.445. Salix.
608. Quercus. 625.
PENTANDRIA. TRIGYNIA.
Polygonum. 270. Arenaria. 319. Hypericum. 378. Pas.
sifiora. 444.
PENTANDRIA. PENTAGYNIA.
Spergula. 320. Cerastium.32O.
HEXANDRIA. MONO GYNIA.
Commelina. 31. Trientalis. 252. Laurus. 274. Lythrum.
334. Class. XIV. TETRADYNAMlA. 432-441.
Corydalis. 462. Fumaria.463. Aristolochia.5g6.
HEXANDRIA. DIGYNJA.
Polygonum. 271.
HEXANDRIA. TRIGYNIA.
Lechea. go.

TABLB OF ANOMALOUS FLOWBl!:S.
HEXANDRIA. TETRAGYNIA.
Myriophyllum. 274.
HEPTANDRIA. MONOGYNIA.
-Babbatia. 137.
HEPTANDRIA. TRlGYNIA.
Polygonum. 271.
HEPTANDRIA. TETRAGYNIA.
Saururus. 252.
OCTANDRTA. MONOGYNIA.
lEsculus.253. Gaultheria. 282. Vaccinil1m. 284. Mo.
notropa. 303. Halesia. 449. Polygala. 46-1-. Popu.
Ius. 618.
OCTANDRIA. DIGYNIA.
Polygonum. 27t. Cory Ius 634.
OCTAND-RIA. TETRAGYNIA.
Myriophyllum. 274.
OCTANDRIA. PENTAGYNIA.
Sedum.323.
ENNEANDRIA. MONOGYNIA.
Acer.267·
ENNEANDRIA. TRIGYNIA.
LE'chea.90. Elodea. 379.
DECANDRIA. MONOGYNIA.
Sabbntia. 137. Azal ... a. 151. Asclepias. 180. Menzie,ia.
264 . .leffersonia. 268. Lythrum.334. Portulacca.365.
Galax. 'J46. Geranium 448. Hale5ia.449. Styrax. 450.
Closs. XVI. DIADELPHIA. 466-490. Betula. 620.
Carpinus. 623. Ostrya. 623.
DECANDRIA. DIGYNIA.
Chrysosplenium. 269. Fagus. 624. Quercus. 625.
DECANDRJA. TRIGYNfA.
Jatropha. 603. Croton. 603. Acalypha. 604. Casta--
'nea; 624.

680 TABLE or ANOMALOUS FLOWElIS.
POLYGAMIA. MONOECIA.
Fraxinus. B. Andropogon. 74. Atheropogon. i5.' HoIcus.
78. Sorghum. 78. Chloris. 87. Parietaria. 114.
Planera. 115. Ilex. 117. Atriplex. 199. Celtis. 200.
Rhus. 204. Zanthorhiza. 212. Melanthium. 240. Veratrum.
242. .1Esculus.254. Acer.265. Acacia. 305.
Schrankia. 305.
POL YGAMIA; DIOECIA.
Fraxinus. B. Empetrum. 93. Nyssa. 177. Hamiltonia.
17B. Panax.191. GJeditschia.221. Chamrerops.239.
Diospyros.265.

Gelseminum.
Gentiana.
Geranium.
- maculatum.
- Robertianum.
Geum.
GIaulC.
Glechoma.
Gleditschia.
Glycirrhiza.
Gnaphalium.
Gordonia.
Gratiola.
-aurea.
Gymnocladui.
Halesia.
Hamamelis.
Hamiltonia.
Hedeoma.
Helianthemum.
Helianthus.
Heliotropium.
Helonias dioica.
Hepatica.
Heracleum.
Hesperis.
Hibiscus esculentus.
Hieracium.
Hippophae.
Hippuris.
Holcus fragrans.
Hopea.
Hordeum.
Hottonia.
. Hudsonia.
Humulus.
Hydrastis.
Hydrocotyle.
Hydrophyllum.
Hyoscyamus.
Hyoseris.
LATIN AND ENGLISH INDEX.
Carolina Jasmine.
Gentian.
Crane's- bill
Alum-root. Flux-weed.
Herb-Rovert.
At'ens. Herb Bennet.
Black Salt-wart.
Ground Ivy.
Honey Locust-tree.
Liquorice.
Et.erlasling. Cudweed.
Loblolly Bay.
Hedge-hyswp.
Golden,pert.
Kentucky CoJfee-tree. Chicot.
Snow-drop-tree. Silller-helltree.
lVitck-hazel.
Oil-nut.
Pennyroyal.
Rock-rose.
Sun-jil)wer.
Turnsol.
Star-wort. Colic· wort.
Liver-wort.
Cow Parsnep.
Rocket.
Okra or Okra.
Hawk-weed.
Sea Buckthorn.
Mare's-tail.
Seneca-grass.
Sweet-leaf.
Barley.
Water-violet. Feather-fail.
Yellow American Heath .
Hop.
Yellow-root. Turmeric.
Penny-wort.
lVater-leaf
Henbane.
Swine's Succory.
184
185
448
448
449
351
176
408
221
480
524
451
12
12
304
449
110
178
414
363
570
130
243
391
192
436
456
502
115
3
78
451
89
]38
364
]99
389
]90
134
141
504
687

688
nypericum.
- densiflorum.
Jatropha.
Ilex.
--- vomitoria.
IlIecebrum.
Illicium.
Impatiens.
Indigofera.
Inula Helenium.
Ipomrea Quamoclit.
Iris.
Juglans.
--- cinerea.
---alba.
--- olivaeformis.
--- porcina.
Juncus.
Juniperus.
--- virginiana.
Iva.
Kalmia.
- angustifolia..
--- latifolia.
Lactuca.
Lamium.
- amplexicaule.
Laurus.
-Benzoin.
--- caroliniensis.
- Sassafras.
Ledllm latifolium.
Lerona.
Leontodon.
Lepidillm.
Liatris.
--- squarrosa.
l.igusticum.
Ligustrum.
J,ATIN AND ENGLISH INDEX.
St. John's-.oort.
American Yellow-healh.
FVild Cassava. Treadsoftly.
Holly. Dahoon.
South-sea Tea.
Knot grass.
Aniseed-tree.
Balsam. TOl/ch-me-not.
lndigo,-plant.
Elecampane.
Cypress-vine.
Flag. Flower-de-luce.
Walnut. Hickory.
Butter·nut. Oil-nut.
ShelL- or Shag-bark.
Pecan-nl/t,
Hog- or Pig-nut.
Rush.
Juniper.
Red Cedar.
Bastard Jesuit's. bark.,
American Laurel.'
Sheep Laurel.
Calico-flower.
Lettuce.
Archangel.
Henbit.
Laurel. Sweet-bay.
Spice-wood. Benjamintree.
Rf!d-hay.
Sassafras-tree.
Labrador Tea.
Duck't-meat.
Dandelion.
Pepper-wort.
Button Sllake-root.
Rattle-snake's-master.
LotJage.
Prjl'et. Prim.
374
376
603
117
118
445
380
171
488
531
145
29
636
636
637
636
638
235
646
647
580
295
296
296
500
406
406
275
276
276
277
300
22
497
435
,507
509
193
7

Lilium.
-'-- carolinianum.
Linum.
Liquidambal'.
Liriodendron.
LATIN AND ENGLISH INDEX.
Lily.
American Ma1·tagon.
Flax.
Sweet-gum.
Tulip-tree. American
Poplar.
Lithospermum. Gromwell.
Lobelia Cardinalis. Cordinal's-flower.
--- inflata. Eye-bright.
--- siphilitica. American Mercury.
Lotus. Bird' s Joot Trefoil
Lupinus. Lupine.
Lycium. Box-thorn.
Lycopodium. Club-moss.
---dendroideum. Ground Pine.
--- alopecuroideum. IValking-fern.
Lycopsis. Wild-Bugloss.
Lycopus. lYater Horehound.
Lysimachia. Loose-strife.
Magnolia aCllminata.
--- auriculata.
---glauca.
--- grandiflora.
--- tripetala.
Malva.
Marrubium.
Martynia.
Medicago.
Medeola.
Melampyrum.
Melica.
Melilotus.
MenispermuITl.
- canadense.
Mentha.
Cucumber-tree.
Indian Physic.
Swamp SassaJras. Sweet
Boy. Swamp Laurel.
Beaver....wood.
Big Law·el.
Umbrella-tree. Elk-wood.
Mallow.
Horehound.
Cuckold's Horns.
Medick. Nonsuch.
Indian Cucumber.
Cow·wheat.
Melic-grass.
Melilot.
Moon-seed.
Sarsaparilla.
Mint.
Menyanthes. Buck-bean. Marsh Tre-
Miegia.
Milium.
Mimulus.
Mitchella.
Joil.
Canes.
Millet· grass.
Monkt:lj-flower.
Eye-bright.
228
229
210
635
382
131
448
448
447
4 89
467
97
652
653
654
132
16
135
381
382
381
380
381
454
408
428
490
244
430
77
477
370
370
405
139
59
62
426
101
689

Prinos.
-ambiguus.
---glaber.
Prunella.
Prunus.
Pteris.
Pulmonaria.
Pycnanthemum.
Pyrola.
Pyrus.
--- Botryapium.
Quercus.
Ranunculus.
Rhamnus.
Rhinanthus.
Rhododendron.
Rhus.
--- Toxicodendron.
Ribes.
Ricinus.
Robinia.
Rosa.
Rottboellia.
Rubia.
Rubus.
--- trivial is.
- Chamremorus.
--- villosus.
Rumex.
Rllppia.
Sabbatia.
Saccharum.
Sagina.
Sagittaria.
Salicornia.
Salix.
Sabola.
Salvia.
LATIN AND ENGLISH INDB):.
Winter-herry.
Black Alder.
Ink-berTlI·
Self-heal.
Plum-tree. Cherry-tree.
Brake.
Lung-wort.
Horse- or Mountain-mint.
Winter-green.
Apple-tree.
May-bush.
Oak-tree.
Crow-foot.
'Buck-thorn.
Yellow-rattle.
Rose Bay. Mountain
Laurel.
Sumach-.
Poison Oak.
Currant-tree. Gooseberry.
Palma-Christi. Castor-oil.
tree.
False Acacia. Locust-tree.
Rose-H ep-tree.
Hard-grass.
Madder.
Braml·lt!. Raspberry.
Dewl-err!l'
Cloud- berry .
Black-berry.
Dock. Sorrel.
Tassel Pond-weed.
Centaury.
Wild Sugar-cane.
Pearl-wort.
Arrow.head. - Arrow-root.
Salt- or Glass-wort. Samphire.
Willow. Osier.
Salt-wort.
Sage.
220
220
220
411
329
668
130
40g
299
339
339
625
391
166
429
297
204
205
163
602
487
344
88
102
346
347
349
346
247
121
137
73
119
395
2
608
197
19

Spirrea.
- opulifolia.
--- trifoliata.
Stachys.
Staphylea.
Statice.
Stellaria.
---media.
Stillingia sebifera.
Stipa.
Swertia.
Symphoria.
Tanacetum.
Taxus.
Tephrosia.
Teucrium.
Thalictrum.
Thesium.
Thlaspi.
Thuya.
Thymus.
Tilia.
Tradescan tia.
Trientalis.
Trifolium.
Triglochin.
Triosteum.
Triticum.
Troll ius.
Turritis.
Tussilago.
Typha.
Ulmus.
Uniola.
Urtica.
Vaccinium.
--- frondosum.
- stamineum.
- Vilis Idrea.
LATIN AND ENGLI9H INDBX.
Meadow·sweet. 341
Virginian Guelder-rose. 342
Indian Physic. Ipecacuanha. 343
Hedge Nettle. 407
Bladder-nut. 206
Thrift. Sea Lavender. 212
Stitch-wort. 317
Chick-weed. 317
Tallow-tree. 608
Feather-grass. 72
Marsh Felwort. 100
St. Peter's-wort. 162
Tansey. 523
Yew-tree. 647
Goat's Rue. 489
Germander_ 405
Meadow Rue. 388
Bastard Toad-flax. 177
Bastard cress. Penny.creSs.
Slteplterd's-1lUrse. 435
American Arbor-vitti!. 646
Thyme. 413
Lime· tree. Linden-tree.
Basswood. White-wood.
Spoon-wood. 362
Spider wort. 21 S
Winter·green. 254
Trefoil. Clover. 477
Arrow-grass. 247
Fever-wort. Gentian. 162
{.vheat. go
Globe-flower. 391
Tower-mustard. 438
Colts' -foot. 531
Cat' Hail. R,ed Mace. 34
Elm. 199
Sea-side Oat. 82
Nettle. 112
Whorlle-berry. Huckle-
/Jerry. 284
Blue Tangles. 285
Deer-berry. 284
BitberTy. 28g

l!NGLISH' AND LATIN INDEX. 701
Fescue-grass. Festuca. 83
Fever-wort. Triosteum. 162
Filbert. Wild- Corylus. 634
Fire-weed. Senecio hieraciJolius. 521
Fir-tree. Pillus. 669
Flag. Iris; 29
-- Sweet- Acorus. 235
.Flax. Linum. 210
Flea-bane. Conyxa. 523
l:

708
EXGI"ISH AND LATIN INDEX.
Reed-grass. Arlinda. S6
-- mace. Typha. 34
Rib-tern. Blechnum. 669
'-- wort. Plantago lanceolata. 98
Rice. Canada- Zixallifl. 60
Mountain- Oryxo/Jsis. 69
Rock Rose. Helialltlielllulll. 363
Rucket. Hesperis. 436
--- Sea- Cakile. 434
Rme. Rosa. 344
Rose Ba}'. Rhododendron. 297
Rosemary. Wild- Andromeda poliJolia, 2yl
Rush, J'lTlCllS. 235
Rye. Sfcate. go
-- "\Vild- EIYnllIs. 8g
Saca-commis. Arbutus Uua IIrsi. 283
Sage.
St. Andrew's Cross.
Safuia.
Acyrllm.
19
373
St. Barnaby's Thistle. Ct'ntaurea solstitialig. 576
St. Juhll's-wort.
St. Peter's-wort.
Hypericum.
SymphoTia.
374
162
Salt-wort.
Sampbire.
Black-
{ SalicoTllia.
Salsola,
Glollx.
SaIl cornia.
2
197
176
2
Sand·wort.
Sarsaparilla.
Arcnllrz'a.
{ Aralia /llldicaulis.
Slnlla,r.
317
209
249
II.Jenispermlim. 370
Sassafras-tree. Lall"us Sassafras. 277
Swamp-
Savin.
Saxifrage.
Golden-
Meadow_
Scurpiul; -grass.
Scull-cap.
Magnolia gllLuca.
JlIlli/leTUJ Sahilla.
Saxifroga.
Chry,nsplellium.
Sese/i.
jlJyosoli,.
SCIl/elL[lTia.
381
646
310
269
197
133
412
Scunk· I

(10 lNGLISH AND LATIN INfn1;..
Stitch-wort. Stellaria. 317
Stock. Cheiranthus. 436
S I one- crop. Sedllm. 323
Stramonium. Datura. 141
Stnwberry. Frogaria. 357
--- Blite. Blitllm. 4
---- tree. Ad-utus. 2821
Succory. Cichorium Inlybus. 496
----. Gum- Chondrilla. 497
Sugar-cane. Wild- Saccharum. 73
Sugar-tree. Acer saccltarinum. 266
Sumach. Rhlls. 204
Sun-clew. DroserJ.. 210
--drop. Oenntherafruticosa. 262
--flower. Helianthus. 570
Tick-seed- Coreopsis. 567
Supple Jack. Zixyphus. 188
Swallnw-wort. Asclrpias. 180
Sweet-bay.
{ L(JIlrlls.
Magnolia glauca.
275
381
--- briar. Rosa. 344
--- fern-bush. Comptonia. 635
--- gale. Myrica. 620
---leaf. Hopea. 451
--- scented shrub.
Sycamore.
Calycanlhlls.
Platanus.
357
635
Tacamahac. Populus balsamifera. 618
Tallow-tree. Stdlingia. 608
Tamarack.
Tansey.
--- Wild-
Pinus pendula.
Tanacefum.
Potentilt'a Anserina.
639
523
35t),
Tarragon. Artemisia Dracunculus. 52(
Tea. Labrador-
-- lYJountain-
-. Kcw Jersey-
-. Oswego-
South Sea-
Teasel.
Thistle.
Ledllm la/ifolium.
Gaultheria.
Cwnothus.
fo!onarda.
I1ex vamitoria.
J)ip'acus.
{ CQ1duus.
Cnicus.
300
283
167
17
118
96
507
SO\'V-
Thorn-apple.
Thorough-wort.
Thrift.
Thyme.
Tick-seed.
Sonchus.
Datura.
Eupatorium perfoliatum.
Statice. I
Thymus.
Corispermum.
501
141
516
221
413
'"

712 ENGLISH AND LATIN 11!/DEX.
Whitlow-grass. Draha. 433
WhortJe-berry. Yaccinium. 284-
Willow. Salix. 608
--- herb. Epilobiurq.. 259
Wind-flower. Anemone. 386
Winter-berry. Prinos. 220
--- green. Pifrola. Chimaphila. 299
----. Chick weed- TTientalis.
·Wire-grass. Chloris.
254
87
Witch Hazel. Hamamelis. 116
W ulf's-bane. Aconitum. 3i2
Wood-bine. Caprifolium. 160
--- sorrel. Omlis. 322
Worm-grass. Spigelia. 139
---seed. Chenopodium Anlhelillinliwm. 198
Erysimum chelranlhouiell'm. 436
Yam.
Yarrow
Yellow Rattle.
---Root.
Yew-tree.
Dioscorea.
Achillea millefolium.
Rhinanthus.
Zantorrhiza.
Hydras/if.
Taxus.
251
563
429
212
389
647

INDEX
GENERUJI ET SYNONYMORUM.
ABIES. 639 Aira. 85
Acacia. i. 373) 305 Ajuga. ii. 471) 404
Acalypba. ii. 687) 60·1 Alcbemilla. i. 139) 112
Acer. i.342) 2G5 Aletris. i. 293) 225
Achillen. ii.646) :Ji..:i2 Alisma. i. 331) 252
Achyrull t hes. 445 Allionia. 1. 118) 97
Acnida. i.268) 208 Allium. i. 288) 222
Aconitum. ii.445) 372 Alnus. II. 6g5) 622
Acorus. i. 30g) 235 Alopecurus. i. 77) 65
Acrostichum. ii. 721) 658 A/sine. 317
Acrostichum. 659, GGo, Alyssum. ii. 523) 434
661,666,670 Amarsnthus. i. 267) 206
Actrea. ii. 43,'J) 366 Am'lryllis. i. 287) 222
Acla>a. 372,373 Ambrosia. ii. 666) 5bO
Actinm. 500 .t\mellus. ii. 650) 564
Actinclla. 11. 639) 560 AmelLus. 561
Adelia. 22 Ammannia. i. 135) 107
Adi'lntum. II. i33) 670 Ammi. i 238) 192
LEgilops. 87,88 Ammyrsine. i.360) 301
Aeschynomene. ii. 583) 485 Amorpha. ii. 5(1) 466
Aescil.1Jnomelle. 485 .A rnpelopsir. 170
A!:sculus. i. 333) 254 Amsonia. i. 225) 184
Aizelia. 424 Anagallis. i. 166) 135
Agave. i. 294) 226 Andromeda. 1. 358) 290
Ageratum. 516 Andromeda. 264,286
Agrimonia. I. 409) 335 Andrnphylax. 252
Agrostemma. 1. 393) 321 Anuropogon. J. 85) 74
Agrostis. I. 13) 63 And'fop0!5 0n . 73
Agrostis. 6t,87 Androsace. I. 170) 137
Aira. i. 89) 76 Anemone. ii. 457) i86
2 A 2

SUPPL EMEN TUM .
•
LYCOP71S exaltatus.-L. foliis basi pinnatifido-serratis, laciniis
integerrimis subserratisque, calycibus spinesrentibus.lViLld.
sp. pl.!. p. 121.
Icon. Fl. grcec. t. 12.
In low shady woods: Virginia to Carolina; rare.1/-.
July. AL'g. v. v.; v. s. in Herb. Sflfrarc/. From three
to six feet high. This sptcies ! onlitted for want of a
specimen in my Herbarium, though I found it myself
ill Virginia; but seeing a specimen of Catesby's in the
Sherardian Herbarium, 1 was cOllVinced of its being a
real American species.
Monarda rugosa.-M. glabriuscula; capitulis mediocribus
snbsimplicibus, bractei, exterioribus oV:ltis undLllatis
pilosis, calycibus corol:i,qLle glabris, lac nia media labii
inferioris bidentata, foliis antis subcordatis aCl1tis
rugosis, nervi" sUQtns petLolisquc pilosis, caule acutan_
gulo glabriusculo.-!II iUd. sJl. fil. I. fi. 125.
In Canada and on the mountains of Virginia.1/- . .T uly
-Sept. v. v. in Hort. Lambert. About four feet high j
flowers small, white.
Valeriana dioica.-V. glabra; foliis radicalibus subspalhu.
lato-ovatis integris longisslme petiolatis, caulin;, pJL1cis
pinnatifidis, laciniis lanceolatis inlegemmis subdentatisque
obtusiusculis.-TVilld sp. pl.!. p. J 70.
Icon. Fl. dan. 687.
In swamps at Hudson's Bay. Tilden.1/-. JL1ne. [I. s.
in Herb. Sherard. About J spall high; flowers fleshcoloured.
Fedia chenopodifolia.-F. dichotoma; it)liis ovati, acutis inferne
dentatls, cymis nudis divaricato-dicbolomis, filamentis
longis.
YOLo II. 2 Ii
727
page 16.
P·17.
p.28.

728
p. 72.
p·73.
p.85.
p.88.
P·97·
5UPPLEMENTUM.
\' alni:lna virginiana, pedis anserinre folio. Pd. H. S. in
Herb. Sherard.
In Vi,.orinia. 8. v. s. in Herb. Sherard. About a span
high"'; flowers the size of V. qJ]icinalis .
. /fTistida pallens.-A. cnlmo erecto simplici, foliis filiformi­
Lus, rallicalibus culmo brevioribus, panicula pauciflora,
pedicellis alternis brevibus bifioris, aristis elongalis.­
Cav. ic. 5. I . ..jtj8.f 2.
In Upper Loni;,ialla. Bradl-ury. 1/.. v. s. in HeTv. Bradl-UT!}.
About a foot high; the awns more th.n three
inches high.
Slipu memurant'/cea.- S. foliis convoluto-filiformibus glabris,
panicula laxa, pecliceliis f1exuosis, calycii:lUS membranaceis
3-nervibus lunge acuminatis, corollis calyce bre­
,ioribus ;'LTiceo-villusis, villis coroJlam superantibus,
ari8ta nuda recta cal yce paulo long:ore.
On the banks of the Missouri. Bradbur1j. v. s. in Herb.
BradUII!}. Abollt eighteen incht::s high; flowers oval,
covered with long silky hair.
Bromlls allis,imlis.-B. panicula nutante, spiculis oblongis
sub .6-f1()ris, BoseuJis pubescentiblls, valvula exteriore
3-nervata breviter 8ristala, foliis vaginisque glabris,
cllimo glabro altis,imo.
On Ihe banks of the: Missouri.1/.. July, Aug. v. V. til
Jiort. LambErt. .From five to eight feet high.
G!Jllosurus seculldlis.-C. glaber; fuliis linearibus, spica
elongata l1uilateralis, spiclllis solitariis, defloratis ref1t:Xi"
calycibus lineari-Ianceolatis aClltissimis.
In Upper Louisiana. Bra(UUl1j. v. s. in Herb. Bradbmy.
Reoembles C. retrqflexus very much.
Allionia linearis.-A. callIe ereeto tereti, foliis linearibus
sl1bcarnosis, f10ribus racemosis, pedicelJis aggregatis, staminibus
longissil1le exertis.
Calymenia angllstifolia. Fraser Calal. 1813.
In Upper LOllisialla. Bradkury. v. s. in Herb. Bradlury.
AI,iollia hinuta.-A. caule erecto angulato, foliis lanceoJatis
llervosis l1trinque hirslitis, calyciblls hirsutissimis sub-
3 -floris.
III Upper Louisiana. Bradbury. v. s. ill Herb. Brad­
[ury.

SUPPLEMENTUM.
vix longior. Limbus s-fidus: laciniis sub