Letter of Intent for KEK Super B Factory Part I: Physics

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4.9.4 Mesurement of exclusive b → u semileptonic decays . . . . . . . . . . . . . 137 4.10 Tau decays . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 141 4.10.1 Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 141 4.10.2 Present experimental status . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 141 4.10.3 Achievable sensitivity at SuperKEKB and physics reaches . . . . . . . . . 144 4.10.4 Summary . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 149 4.11 Diversity of physics at Super-KEKB–other possibilities . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 150 4.11.1 Charm physics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 150 4.11.2 Electroweak physics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 151 4.11.3 Charmonium physics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 155 4.12 Summary . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 160 References . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 161 5 Study of New Physics Scenarios at SuperKEKB 170 5.1 New Physics Case Study . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 170 5.2 Model Independent Approaches . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 171 5.3 The CKM Fit . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 177 References . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 182 3
Executive Summary The grand challenge of elementary particle physics is to identify the fundamental elements of Nature and uncover the ultimate theory of their creation, interactions and annihilation. To this end, all elementary particles and the forces between them should be described in a unified picture. Such unification naturally requires a deep understanding of physical laws at a very high-energy scale; for instance the unification of electroweak and strong forces is expected to occur at around 10 15 GeV, which is often called the GUT scale. It is unlikely that the GUT scale will be realized at any accelerator-based experiment even in the distant future. However, there are a few very promising ways to promote our grand challenge. One such approach is to elucidate the nature of quantum loop effects by producing as many particles as possible. This provides the rationale to pursue the luminosity frontier. There is no doubt that past experiments at the luminosity (or intensity) frontier of the age have yielded epoch-making results. This good tradition has been followed by Belle and BaBar, experiments at energy-asymmetric e + e − B factories KEKB and PEPII, which have observed CP violation in the neutral B meson system. The result is in good agreement with the constraints from the Kobayashi-Maskawa (KM) model of CP violation. We are now confident that the KM phase is the dominant source of CP violation. In 2003 the KEKB collider achieved its design luminosity of 1×10 34 cm −2 s −1 . The Belle experiment will accumulate an integrated luminosity of 500 fb −1 within a few years. This will suffice to determine the Unitarity Triangle with a precision of O(10)%. Various other quantities in B meson decays will also become accessible. In particular, the first observation of direct CP violation in charmless B decays is anticipated. Over the past thirty years, the success of the Standard Model, which incorporates the KM mechanism, has become increasingly firm. This strongly indicates that the Standard Model is the effective low-energy description of Nature. Yet there are several reasons to believe that physics beyond the Standard Model should exist. One of the most outstanding problems is the quadratically divergent radiative correction to the Higgs mass, which requires a fine tuning of the bare Higgs mass unless the cutoff scale is O(1) TeV. This suggests that the new physics lies at the energy scale of O(1) TeV. There is a good chance that LHC will discover new elementary particles such as supersymmetric (SUSY) particles. With this vision in mind, we raise an important question “what should be a role of the luminosity frontier in the LHC era ?” To answer the question, we note that the flavor sector of the Standard Model is quite successful in spite of the problem in the Higgs sector. This is connected to the observation that Flavor-Changing-Neutral-Currents (FCNCs) are highly suppressed. Indeed, if one considers a general new physics model without any mechanism to suppress FCNC processes, present experimental results on B physics imply that the new physics energy scale should be larger than O(10 3 ) TeV. This apparent mismatch is called the new physics flavor problem. To overcome the problem, any new physics at the TeV scale should have a mechanism to suppress FCNC processes, which often results in a distinctive flavor structure at low energy. Therefore, the indispensable roles of the luminosity frontier are to observe deviations from the Standard Model 4
Page 1 and 2: Letter of Intent for KEK Super B Fa
Page 3: 4 Sensitivity at SuperKEKB 66 4.1 O
Page 7 and 8: Observable SuperKEKB LHCb (5 ab −
Page 9 and 10: Chapter 1 Introduction 1.1 Motivati
Page 11 and 12: e + e − B factory may be measured
Page 13 and 14: Entries/ps (N qξ=−1 −N qξ=+1
Page 15 and 16: Entries / 0.0025 GeV/c 2 30 20 10 0
Page 17 and 18: ) 2 Entries (/ MeV/c 80 70 60 50 40
Page 19 and 20: Events/(1MeV/c 2 ) 60 40 20 data to
Page 21 and 22: events / 2.5 MeV/c 2 10 5 0 10 5 0
Page 23 and 24: Table 1.6: B → Xsℓ + ℓ − br
Page 25 and 26: [2] M. Kobayashi and T. Maskawa,
Page 27 and 28: [37] A. L. Kagan and M. Neubert,
Page 29 and 30: Chapter 2 Flavor Structure of the S
Page 31 and 32: (a) (b) VudV ∗ ub φ3 VudV ∗ ub
Page 33 and 34: ¢ Figure 2.4: Tree-type W boson ex
Page 35 and 36: together with the normalization con
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Page 39 and 40: 2.5.2 Heavy Quark Expansion The inc
Page 41 and 42: FNAL ’98 JLQCD ’98 MILC ’98 C
Page 43 and 44: [8] T. Inami and C. S. Lim, “Effe
Page 45 and 46: [41] A. S. Kronfeld and J. N. Simon
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Page 49 and 50: quantitatively insufficient (for a
Page 51 and 52: • Decoupling. The squarks and sle
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g replacements θ SUSY S φK 0 S ,
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most sensitive to the flavor struct
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When sleptons are much heavier than
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constant. Furthermore, when the rig
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[23] Y. Nir and N. Seiberg, “Shou
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[56] S. Fukuda et al. [Super-Kamiok
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Chapter 4 Sensitivity at SuperKEKB
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l r interval ɛl wl ∆wl ɛ l eff
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decay mode yield eff. (%) purity(%)
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4.2 New CP -violating phase in b
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yields 1.03 ± 0.15(stat) ± 0.05(s
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Mode 5 ab −1 50 ab −1 ∆S ∆A
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A 0.75 0.5 0.25 0 -0.25 -0.5 -0.75
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Events/(10 MeV) 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 (d) B
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significance at 5 ab -1 15 10 5 0
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The above studies aim at providing
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effects which are encoded in the st
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Entries per 33 MeV 10 6 10 5 10 4 1
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) 2 Entries (/ MeV/c 6 5 4 3 2 1 0
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Events/(1MeV/c 2 ) 700 600 500 400
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H 2.5 2 1.5 1 0.5 0 ˜ɛ0 m H ± 10
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Events/(100MeV/c 2 ) 10 4 10 3 10 2
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mode. 98
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¦§¥ ¦§¥£ ¦§¢ ¦§£ Figu
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Table 4.9: Summary of the reconstru
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Figure 4.21: The |MM| 2 distributio
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¡ ¥ £ ¤¥¡ ¡¥ ¢ ¡ ¡
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Entries/ps (N qξ=−1 −N qξ=+1
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4.7 φ2 central value error at erro
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C.L. 1 0.8 0.6 0.4 0.2 0 0 20 40 60
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Using the notation of [69] the deca
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φ 2 error(degree) 10 1 10 -1 10 -1
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B 0 B 0 _ _ b d b _ d _ c d u _ d _
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Entries/ps 14 12 10 8 6 4 2 (a) 0 -
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process (T: color-favored tree, C:
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Figure 4.33: Search for B − → D
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M 2 Ksπ- , GeV 2 3 2.5 2 1.5 1 0.5
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δ, deg 350 300 250 200 150 100 50
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q 2 (GeV 2 ) 30 25 20 15 10 5 reson
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Cuts on (q2 , m2 X ) G(q2 cut, mcut
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f 0,+ (q 2 ) 2.0 1.0 UKQCD APE Ferm
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120 100 80 60 40 20 ID Entries Mean
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Relative Error (%) 20 18 16 14 12 1
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Relative Error (%) 20 18 16 14 12 1
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LFV processes discussed here are ex
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For τ − → µ − (e − )η,
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cluding trigger performance. Howeve
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tanβ 100 80 60 40 20 0 current upp
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4.11 Diversity of physics at Super-
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complicated nature for sin 2 ΘW [1
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where s is the square of the center
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• The properties of these states
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N/20 MeV/c 2 30 20 10 a) 0 2.2 2.6
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Observable Belle 2003 SuperKEKB LHC
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[21] M. Ciuchini et al., Phys. Rev.
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[62] K. Abe et al. [Belle Collabora
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[95] A. K. Leibovich, I. Low and I.
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[132] M. Gronau, Y. Grossman and J.
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Chapter 5 Study of New Physics Scen
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(a) (c) S(K *0 γ) S(K *0 γ) 0.2 0
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0.2 0.6 1 1 S(K *0 γ) S(φKs) 0 -1
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0.2 0.6 1 1 S(K *0 γ) S(φKs) 0 -1
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parameters central values errors 0.
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(a) (b) (c) Figure 5.8: (a) Constra
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Figure 5.9 also show the SUSY model
show all

Letter of Intent for KEK Super B Factory Part I: Physics

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