Modelling of long-range transport and deposition of air ... - MANHAZ

Institute of Geography and Regional Development 

Department of Meteorology and Climatology 

Wrocław University, Poland 

Modelling of long-range transport and 

deposition of air pollutants in Poland 

using FRAME 

(ACCENT project state of affairs) 

Marek Błaś 

Maciej Kryza 

Anthony Dore 

Mieczysław Sobik

Meteorological Observatory of Wrocław 

University at Mt. Szrenica (1362 m a.s.l.) 

Mt. 

Szrenica 

• 50-years series of 

hydrometeorological 

measurements; 

• Lower part of 

subalpine zone; 

• One of the most 

polluted area in 

Europe; 

• Destruction of the 

forest ecosystems 

(forest decline – 29,4%, 

heavily impaired – 24%)

Meteorological factors are crucial 

for controlling spatial and temporal 

distribution of the atmospheric 

pollutant 

• Microscale – landuse 

• Topoclimatic scale 

• Mesoscale factors

Horizontal precipitation = 

direct fog droplets 

deposition 

* liquid 

* solid

STRUCTURE OF TOTAL POLLUTANT DEPOSITION 

Wet 


Fog 

Dry 


Karkonosze 

11% 

57% 

32% 

Lowland 

82% 

1% 

17%

seeder cloud 

feeder cloud

Variability of the pollutant deposition in topoclimate scale 

(seede-feeder effect scheme) 

SEEDER RAINDROPS 

UPWIND 

FEEDER CLOUD 

GROWTH OF 

RAINDROPS 

DOWNWIND

Introduction to FRAME 

• A Lagrangian model such as FRAME produce a good results for annually 

adverage deposition; 

• 5 x 5 km 2 resolution with a 1 o angular resolution in the trajectories; 

• Input gas and aerosol concentrations at the edge of the model domain 

are calculated with FRAME-Europe, using European emissions and running 

on the EMEP 150 km scale grid; 

• Air column divided into 33 layers moving along straight-line 

trajectories; 

• The air column advection speed and frequency for a give wind direction 

is statistically derived from radio-sondes measurements; 

• Variable layer thickness from 1 m at the surface to 100 m at the top 

of the mixing layer; 

• Wet deposition is calculated using a diurnally varying scavenging 

coefficient depending on mixing layer depth and a ‘constant drizzle’ 

approximation; 

• A precipitation model is used to calculate wind-direction-dependent 

orographic enhancement of wet deposition; 

• Dry deposition calculated for five land classes; 

• FRAME may be used to assess the influence of individual emission 

sources of deposition.

The importance of applying the 

FRAME 

• EMEP model (50 km resolution) operates on a 

continental scale; thus insufficient for studies 

focused on a regional scale; 

• FRAME includes physical and chemical processes which 

occur at a much finer resolution (seeder-feeder 

effect); 

• FRAME has been developed at the Centre for Ecology and 

Hydrology (CEH) Edinburg; 

• FRAME is chosen by the UK DEFRA to assess national 

scale deposition;to test emissions abatement options 

and strategies and to legislate on industrial planning 

permission in the UK

The ACCENT project stages 

Modelling of long-range transport and deposition of air 

pollutants in Poland using FRAME model (Fine Resolution 

Atmospheric Multi-species Exchange) 

1. learning to run FRAME using appropriate tools for graphics 

post processing; 

2. Preparation of input data (DEM, landuse, precipitation 

distribution, wind rose, atmospheric pollutant emission 

database; 

3. Development of the Polish version of FRAME; the model will 

incorporate the latest estimates of Polish emissions 

pollutant gases SO2, NOx, NH3 and calculate transport, 

dispersion and atmospheric transformation of pollutants

FRAME - NH 3 emission in Poland for 2003 

[kg*ha -1 *year -1 ] 

NH 3 

emission 

pigs 

fertilizers 

milch cows 

cattles 

poultry 

horses 

Σ 

National 

Emission 

Centre 

94,9 

81,4 

80,5 

32,4 

14,3 

6,8 

310,3 

FRAME 

91,2 

81,6 

95,1 

43,7 

12,4 

7,2 

331,2

NH 3 concentration 

in Poland for 2003 

FRAME 

EMEP 

STATIONS 

Jarczew 

ŚnieŜka 

Łeba 

EMEP 

(measured) 

[μg*m -3 ] 

1,32 

0,16 

0,26 

EMEP 

FRAME 

(model) 

[μg*m -3 ] 

1,51 

0,49 

0,35

NH x dry deposition 

budget for 2003 

FRAME 

Deposition 

Dry 

EMEP 

[Gg of N] 

81,5 

EMEP 

FRAME 


76,5

NH x dry deposition 

in Poland for 2003 

FRAME 

Deposition 

Wet 

EMEP 


122,9 

EMEP 

FRAME 


57,5

Conclusions a future work 

The results of the modelling of NH 3 concentration and dry 

deposition with FRAME show agreement with measurements and 

the EMEP model results. 

The next steps should be focused on improving wet deposition 

modelling, especially by including import of aerosols. 

• SO 2 and NO X – emission, concentration and deposition 

modelling; 

• gridded emissions files of SO 2 , NO X for Poland for 

background and point source emission; 

• modelling the long-term changes in air quality and 

acid deposition;

Preliminary results 

presentations 

• International Conference: UNECE Export Workshop on Ammonia, 

Leith, Edynburg, Scotland, 4-6 December 2006. 

Poster: Kryza M., Dore A.J., Błaś M., Sobik M., Modelling the 

concentration of ammonia and deposition of reduced nitrogen in 

Poland with the FRAME model. 

Oral presentation: Dore A.J., Vieno M., Kryza M., Błaś M., Sobik M., 

Tang S., Smith R., Sutton M., National scale modelling of ammonia 

concentrations and deposition of reduced nitrogen In the United 

Kingom and Poland with FRAME. 

• International Conference: 28th NATO/CCMS International Technical 

Meeting on Air Pollution Modelling an its Application, Lipsk, 

Germany, 15-19 V 2006. 

Poster: Dore A.J., Błaś M., Kryza M., Hall J., Dore Ch., Vieno M., 

Weston K., Sutton M., Modelling past and future trends in Sulphur 

and Nitrogen deposition in the United Kingdom.

Modelling of long-range transport and deposition of air ... - MANHAZ

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