The Esterel v5 21 System Manual - Courses

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iv CONTENTS 6.6.1 Showing the State . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 91 6.6.2 Showing Haltpoints . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 92 6.6.3 Showing Variables . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 92 6.6.4 Showing Signals . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 93 6.6.5 Showing Tasks and Execs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 94 6.6.6 The trace Command . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 96 6.7 The module Command . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 96 6.8 Simulation Errors . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 97 6.8.1 Module Error . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 97 6.8.2 File Error . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 97 6.8.3 Command Errors . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 97 6.8.4 Input Errors . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 97 6.8.5 Variable Access Error . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 98 6.8.6 Task Errors . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 98 7 Simulation Examples 99 7.1 The Counter Example . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 99 7.1.1 The Esterel source program . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 99 7.1.2 Building the simulator . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 100 7.1.3 Running the simulator . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 101 7.2 The Watch Example . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 102 7.2.1 The Esterel source program . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 103 7.2.2 The Data-Handling Code . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 104 7.2.3 Building the simulator . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 106 7.2.4 Running the simulator . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 106 7.3 Local Signal Reincarnation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 108 8 Constructive Cyclic Programs 111 8.1 A Non-Trivial Non-Constructive Program . . . . . . . . . . . 112 8.1.1 Checking for Constructiveness . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 112 8.1.2 Adding Relations for Constructiveness . . . . . . . . . 113 8.1.3 Generating Sorted Circuit Code . . . . . . . . . . . . . 114 8.2 Data Handling in Cyclic Programs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 115 8.2.1 Static vs. Dynamic Ordering . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 116 8.2.2 A Cyclic Program accepted by sccausal . . . . . . . . 117 8.2.3 Malik’s Counter Example . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 118 8.2.4 An Example With Tests . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 119
Preface This manual describes how to use the Esterel v5 21 compiler, how to interface the generated code in embedded applications, and how to simulate Esterel programs using either the graphical simulator xes or the textual simulator csimul. The Esterel v5 21 compiler is an improvement over the former Esterel v5 10 compiler. Some bugs have been fixed. The xes simulator has been improved; it now includes signal browsing facilities. The sccausal causality analyzer is much more efficient. The embeddable generated C code generated when not using option -simul is compatible with all the older versions. However, because of signal browsing facilities, the generated C simulation code is incompatible with that of v5 10. Please recompile your simulations. We assume basic knowledge of the Esterel language, which is presented in details in [2], and of issues such as program constructiveness, which are fully studied in [1]. The last reference also explains how Esterel programs are translated into Boolean circuits. Chapter 1, Getting Started, is a quick introduction. Chapter 2, Using the Esterel Compiler, tells how to compile programs using the esterel command. Chapter 3, The Esterel to C Interface, explains how to embed the generated code. Chapter 4, Building Esterel Simulators, explains how to build a simulator in a C environment. Chapter 5, The xes Graphical Simulator, explains how to perform graphical simulations, while Chapter 6, Simulation with csimul, presents the stream-based interactive or batch simulator. Chapter 7, Simulation Examples, presents a few examples. Finally, Chapter 8, Constructive Cyclic Programs in Esterel v5 21, explains how the Esterel v5 21 compiler checks program for constructiveness and generates sequential code from cyclic programs. Since there are some limitations, it is important to read this chapter if you have to deal with cyclic valued programs. Please signal any bug or bad explanation and suggest any improvement by sending mail to esterel-users@sophia.inria.fr. We appreciate your 1
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Index !, see csimul ?, see csimul #
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124 INDEX ?, 85 combined signal, 88
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126 INDEX lc, 12, 13, 27 -lc, 15, 2
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128 INDEX scc, 13, 18 sccausal, 12,
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130 INDEX high/low inputs, 67, 72 i
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