CPCB-Ganga_Trend Report-Final.pdf - GANGAPEDIA

STATUS PAPER ON RIVER GANGA 

State of Environment and Water Quality 

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National River Conservation Directorate 

Ministry of Environment and Forests

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STATUS PAPER ON RIVER GANGA 

State of Environment and Water Quality 

National River Conservation Directorate 

Ministry of Environment and Forests 

Government of India 

August, 2009 

Alternate Hydro Energy Centre 

Indian Institute of Technology Roorkee

Disclaimer 

Every possible care has been taken to ensure that 

the data used in this paper are correct, consistent 

and complete as far as possible. Constraints of 

available time and resources, however, do not 

preclude the possibility of errors, omissions etc. in 

the data and consequently in their use in the paper. 

Contents of this paper can be used freely.

Table of Contents 

EXECUTIVE SUMMARY 

CHAPTER-1 INTRODUCTION 

CHAPTER-2 GANGA BASIN 

3 

2.1 Background 3 

2.2 Location 3 

2.3 Climate 4 

2.4 Course of Ganga 4 

2.5 Hydrology of Ganga Basin 4 

2.6 PhysiographicAspects of Ganga Basin 7 

2.7 Soil Characteristics of Ganga Basin 8 

2.8 Demography of Ganga Basin 8 

CHAPTER-3 GANGA ACTION PLAN 

9 

3.1 Objective of GangaAction Plan (GAP) 9 

3.2 Approach of GangaAction Plan 9 

3.3 Institutional arrangements 10 

3.4 GangaAction Plan Phase I (GAP I) 11 

3.5 GangaAction Plan Phase II (GAP II) 11 

3.6 Industrial Pollution 12 

CHAPTER-4 WATER QUALITY STATUS OF GANGA RIVER 

13 

4.1 Pre-GAP Status 13 

4.2 Post GAP Quality 16 

4.3 Impact of RiverAction Plan on River Quality 17 

4.4 Summary 18 

CHAPTER-5 CRITICAL ANALYSIS OF GAP 

19 

5.1 Limited scope of GAP 19 

5.2 Formulation of Schemes 20 

5.3 Implementation 20 

5.4 Operation and Maintenance 20 

5.5 Technological Issues 21 

5.6 Conclusion 21 

I 

1

CHAPTER-6 FUTURE COURSE OF ACTION 

22 

6.1 Revamping of the River Conservation Programme 22 

6.2 Constitution of National Ganga River BasinAuthority 22 

6.3 Functions and Powers of the NGRBA 22 

6.4 Action Plan 24 

6.5 Resources 24 

ANNEXURES 

REFERENCES 

I CatchmentArea,Annual Water Yield and Mean Flow rate of Streams 

in Ganga Basin 25 

II Major Water Resources Projects in Ganga Basin 26 

III Parametric Values of Ganga River during Pre GAP at Selected Stations 28 

IV Water Quality Data of Ganga River during 1986-2008 29 

V Classification of Ganga Water at various locations according to 

Designated Best Use 30 

LIST OF FIGURES 

Fig. 1 Ganga Basin 5 

Fig. 2 Mean Discharge (Seasonal) 6 

Fig. 3 Seasonal Flow Variation 6 

Fig. 4 Lean Flow in Ganga during Summers 6 

Fig. 5 Line Diagram of Ganga with its Major Tributaries and Water 

Management Structures 7 

Fig. 6 Parametric Values of Ganga Pre GAP at Selected Stations 14 

Fig. 7 Water Quality Data for River Ganga 

(summer average i.e. March-June) 16 

Fig. 8 Water Quality Data for River Ganga 

(summer average i.e. March-June) 17 

LIST OF TABLES 

Table 2.1 State Wise Distribution of Drainage Area of Ganga River in India 3 

Table 2.2 State-wise Number of Cities/Towns and Estimated Population 8 

Table 3.1 The Designated Best Use classification of Inland surface 

waters 

10 

Table 4.1 Status of Ambient Water Quality Along Different Zones of the 

Ganga 

15 

Table 4.2 Zoning and Water Quality Classification of the Ganga 15 

31

1.0 INTRODUCTION 

India is endowed with rich water resources. 

Approximately 45,000 km long riverine systems 

criss-cross the length and breadth of the country. 

India has 12 major river basins, 46 medium river 

basins and 14 minor and desert river basins. Ganga 

river basin is the largest of these, extending over 

the states of Uttarakhand, Uttar Pradesh, Haryana, 

Himachal Pradesh, Delhi, Bihar, Jharkhand, 

Rajasthan, Madhya Pradesh, Chhattisgarh and 

West Bengal. 

Rapidly increasing population, rising standards of 

living and exponential growth of industrialization 

and urbanisation have exposed the water 

resources, in general, and rivers, in particular, to 

various forms of degradation. Many Indian rivers, 

including the Ganga in several stretches, 

particularly during lean flows, have become unfit 

even for bathing. Realising that the rivers of the 

country were in a serious state of degradation, a 

beginning towards their restoration was made with 

the launching of the Ganga Action Plan (GAP) in 

1985. 

2.0 GANGA BASIN 

Executive Summary 

Ganga drains a basin of extraordinary variation in 

altitude, climate, land use and cropping pattern. 

Ganga has been a cradle of human civilization 

since time immemorial. It is one of the most sacred 

rivers in the world and is deeply revered by the 

people of this country. 

i 

The Ganga basin lies between East longitudes 

73°30 and 89° 0 and North latitudes of 22°30 and 

31°30, covering an area of 1,086,000 sq km, 

extending over India, Nepal and Bangladesh. It has 

a catchment area of 8,61,404 sq. km in India, 

constituting 26% of the country's land mass and 

supporting about 43% of population (448.3 million 

as per 2001 census). 

Ganga has many tributaries, both in the Himalayan 

region before it enters the plains at Haridwar and 

further downstream before its confluence with the 

Bay of Bengal. December-May 

are the lean flow 

months. The surface water resource 

potential of 

Ganga has been assessed as 525 billion cubic 

meters (BCM). Substantial abstraction of water for 

various purposes including irrigation, power 

generation and drinking water has impacted the 

quantity of flows in the river, 

particularly in the 

stretch between Kannauj andAllahbad. 

3.0 GANGA ACTION PLAN (GAP) 

The Ganga Action Plan was launched in 1985 with 

the objective of pollution abatement to improve the 

water quality in the river. The programme included 

261 schemes spread over 25 Class I towns of U.P., 

Bihar and West Bengal. The main focus of the Plan 

was on Interception & Diversion and treatment of 

sewage generated from these identified towns. 34 

Sewage Treatment Plants (STPs) with a treatment 

capacity of 869 mld have been set up under the 

Plan. GAP I was completed in March 2000 at a cost 

of Rs. 452 crores.

GAP II was started in 1993. It covers 59 towns 

located along the river in the five states of 

Uttarakhand, U.P, Jharkhand, Bihar and West 

Bengal. 319 schemes have been taken up under 

the Plan, out of which 200 have been completed. 

An expenditure of Rs. 370.40 crore has been 

incurred so far and sewage treatment capacity of 

130 mld has been created. 

GAP II was expanded in 1996 into the National 

River Conservation Plan (NRCP), which presently 

covers polluted stretches of 36 rivers in 20 States in 

the country. 

4.0 STATUS OF WATER QUALITY OF 

GANGA RIVER 

The Ganga river water quality evaluated on the 

basis of pollution indicators (DO, BOD and 

coliform) indicates that dissolved oxygen levels 

have improved in the main stem of Ganga. The 

values are mostly above the recommended value 

of 5.0 mg/l, except in the stretch between Kannauj 

and Kanpur where values below 5.0 mg /l have 

been noticed on several occasions. BOD values 

are also within stipulated limits in the upper and 

lower reaches of the Ganga but tend to be higher 

than 5.0 mg /l in the middle stretch from Kannauj to 

Varanasi. This can be described as the critical 

stretch. 

The faecal coliform remains the only parameter on 

which the observed values exceed the permissible 

limits of 2500 MPN/100 ml at most places except in 

the upper reaches up to Haridwar. 

Despite the problems of operation and 

maintenance, the river water quality shows 

discernible improvement (in terms of DO and BOD) 

ii 

over the pre-GAP period. This should be seen in 

the background of a steep increase in population 

with concomitant increase in organic pollution load. 

5.0 CRITICALANALYSIS OF GAP 

The success of GAP has been in preventing further 

deterioration of water quality, generally maintaining 

it and improving it in some places, even though the 

pollution load draining into the river has 

substantially increased due to population growth, 

rapid industrialization and urbanization. It can be 

inferred that if the pollution abatement programme 

had not been implemented there would have been 

an inevitable deterioration in the quality of river 

water posing threat to public health and ecology. A 

positive outcome of the programme has been an 

increased public awareness of the need to protect 

our rivers. 

6.0 FUTURE COURSE OF ACTION 

Status Paper on River Ganga 

Recognising the need to revamp the river 

conservation strategy, the Central Government has 

given Ganga the status of a 'National River' andhas 

set up the National Ganga River Basin Authority 

(NGRBA) on 

th 

20 February 2009. It is an 

empowered planning, financing, monitoring and 

coordinating Authority for effective abatement of 

pollution and conservation of the river. The 

Authority would adopt a comprehensive and 

holistic approach for conserving the river Ganga 

with river basin as the unit of planning. The 

Authority would seek to maintain minimum 

ecological flows besides implementing pollution 

abatement activities.

01 

Introduction 

India is endowed with rich water resources. 

Approximately 45,000 km long riverine systems 

criss-cross the length and breadth of the country. 

These rivers include Himalayan snow fed rivers, 

peninsular rain fed rivers and coastal short rapids. 

The total geographical area of 3.29 millon square 

km of the country has been divided in to 12 major 

river basins, 46 medium river basins and 14 minor 

and desert river basins. The major river basins 

account for 78% of total surface area and serve 

80% of the population. The Ganga river basin is the 

largest of these, extending over the states of 

Uttarakhand, Uttar Pradesh, Haryana, Himachal 

Pradesh, Delhi, Bihar, Jharkhand, Rajasthan, 

Madhya Pradesh, Chhattisgarh and West Bengal. 

Rapidly increasing population, rising standards of 

living and exponential growth of industrialisation 

and urbanisation have exposed the water 

resources, in general, and rivers, in particular, to 

various forms of degradation. The deterioration in 

the water quality of the river impacts the people 

immediately. Many Indian rivers, including the 

Ganga in some stretches, particularly during lean 

flows, have become unfit even for bathing. 

Realising that the rivers of the country were in a 

serious state of degradation, a beginning towards 

their restoration was made with the launching of the 

Ganga Action Plan in 1985. It was envisaged as a 

comprehensive programme of river conservation 

with the objective of improving the water quality. It 

was visualised that in due course, the programme 

would be enlarged to cover other major rivers of the 

country. 

1 

In order to prepare such a major programme, an 

exhaustive study titled “Assessment and 

Development Study of River Basin Series” 

(ADSORBS) of the Ganga Basin was carried out by 

the Central Pollution Control Board (CPCB). The 

study covered all aspects of rivers in the Ganga 

basin including water quality. The study pointed 

out that besides pollution from municipal and 

industrial wastes, non-point sources like run off 

from rural settlements, pesticides from agricultural 

fields, open defecation, dumping of carcasses and 

disposal of dead bodies significantly contribute to 

pollution of the river and render the water 

unsuitable for its intended use. 

Equally important is the issue of flow in the River. 

Dams and barrages for storing and diverting water 

for irrigation, domestic consumption and industry, 

affect the flow, particularly during dry months. This 

has serious implications for water quality and 

aquatic life in the river. 

The Ganga Action Plan Phase I (GAP I) was started 

in 1985 to improve the water quality of river Ganga 

to acceptable standards by preventing the pollution 

load reaching the river. The main focus of the Plan 

was on interception, diversion and treatment of 

municipal sewage draining into the river, which 

accounted for about 75% of river pollution. 

Treatment capacity of 869 million liters per day 

(MLD) was created in 25 Class-I towns in the three 

States of Uttar Pradesh, Bihar and West Bengal. In 

addition to the core works relating to sewerage and 

sewage treatment, certain non-core works like 

afforestation, crematoria, low cost sanitation and 

river front development, were also taken up.

Under GAP I, only a part of the pollution load of river 

Ganga was addressed. Therefore, the Plan was 

extended to GAP II, which was approved in stages 

between 1993 and 1996. Besides Ganga, GAP II 

included its major tributaries viz. Yamuna, Gomti 

and Damodar. Subsequently, Mahananda was 

also added. 59 towns along the main stem of river 

2 


Ganga in the 5 States of Uttarakhand, UP, Bihar, 

Jharkhand and West Bengal are covered under GAP 

II. A sewage treatment capacity of 130 MLD has been 

created under the Plan. 

In response to demands from many States, the Ganga 

Action Plan was expanded in 1996 to the National 

River Conservation Plan (NRCP) to include other 

rivers in the country. Presently polluted stretches of 36 

rivers in 20 States are covered under NRCP.

02 

2.1 BACKGROUND 

Ganga Basin 

The Himalayas are the source of three major Indian 

rivers namely the Indus, the Ganga and the 

Brahmaputra. Ganga drains a basin of 

extraordinary variation in altitude, climate, land 

use, flora and fauna, social and cultural life. 

Ganga has been a cradle of human civilization 

since time immemorial. Millions depend on this 

great river for physical and spiritual sustenance. 

People have immense faith in the powers of healing 

and regeneration of the Ganga. It is one of the most 

sacred rivers in the world and is deeply revered by 

the people of this country. The River plays a vital 

role in religious ceremonies and rituals. To bathe in 

Ganga is a lifelong ambition of many who 

congregate in large numbers for several river 

3 

centered festivals such as Kumbh Mela and 

numerous Snan (bath) festivals. 

2.2 LOCATION 

Ganga basin is the largest river basin in India in 

terms of catchment area, constituting 26% of the 

country's land mass (8,61,404 Sq. km) and 

supporting about 43% of its population (448.3 

million as per 2001 census). The basin lies 

between East longitudes 73°30and 89° 0 and North 

latitudes of 22°30 and 31°30, covering an area of 

1,086,000 sq km, extending over India, Nepal and 

Bangladesh. About 79% area of Ganga basin is in 

India. The basin covers 11 states viz., Uttarakhand, 

U.P., M.P., Rajasthan, Haryana, Himachal 

Pradesh, Chhattisgarh, Jharkhand, Bihar, West 

Bengal and Delhi. The drainage area in each state 

is given in Table 2.1. 

Table 2.1: State Wise Distribution of Drainage Area of the Ganga River in India 

State 

(Source: CWC publication no. 50/89 “Major River Basins of India - An Overview” - April 1989) 

Uttarakhand and Uttar Pradesh 

Madhya Pradesh and Chhattisgarh 

Bihar and Jharkhand 

Rajasthan 

West Bengal 

Haryana 

Himachal Pradesh 

Delhi 

Total 

2 

Drainage area (km ) 

294,364 

198,962 

143,961 

112,490 

71,485 

34,341 

4,317 

1,484 

861,404

2.3 CLIMATE 

The annual average rainfall in the basin varies 

between 39 cm to 200 cm, with an average of 110 

cm. Eighty percent of the rainfall occurs during the 

monsoon months i.e. between June and October. 

Because of large temporal variations in 

precipitation over the year, there is wide fluctuation 

in the flow characteristics of the river. 

2.4 COURSE OF GANGA 

Bhagirathi is the source stream of Ganga. It 

emanates from Gangotri Glacier at Gaumukh at 

an elevation of 3,892 m (12,770 feet). Many small 

streams comprise the headwaters of Ganga. The 

important among these are Alaknanda, 

Dhauliganga, Pindar, Mandakini and Bhilangana. 

At Devprayag, where Alaknanda joins Bhagirathi, 

the river acquires the name Ganga. It traverses a 

course of 2525 km before flowing into the Bay of 

Bengal. It has a large number of tributaries joining it 

during this journey (Figure 1). 

In Uttarakhand, near Tehri, a dam, has been built 

on Bhagirathi for hydropower generation resulting 

in regulated additional water during the dry months. 

At Haridwar, Ganga opens to the Gangetic Plains, 

where a barrage diverts a large quantity of its 

waters into the Upper Ganga Canal, to provide 

water for irrigation. At Bijnore, another barrage 

diverts water into the Madhya Ganga Canal but 

only during monsoon months. At Narora, there is 

further diversion of water into the Lower Ganga 

Canal. 

Further down, River Ramganga joins Ganga near 

Kannauj, adding additional water to the river. 

Yamuna confluences Ganga at the Sangam in 

Allahabad, making a major contribution to the river 

flow. Beyond Allahabad, Ganga is joined by several 

4 


tributaries, most of which are from the north and a 

few from the south. In the stretch between 

Allahabad in U.P. and Malda in West Bengal, 

Ganga, therefore, has considerable flow. The 

Farakka barrage in West Bengal regulates the flow 

of the river, diverting some of the water into a feeder 

canal linking Hooghly to keep it relatively silt-free. 

Downstream of this barrage, River Ganga splits 

into two, Bhagirathi (Hooghly) on the right and 

Padma on the left. Bhagirathi (Hooghly) meets the 

Bay of Bengal about 150 km downstream of 

Kolkata. Padma enters Bangladesh and meets 

river Brahmputra and Meghna before finally joining 

the Bay of Bengal. 

2.5 HYDROLOGY OF GANGA BASIN 

Rainfall, subsurface flows and snow melt from 

glaciers are the main sources of water in river 

Ganga. Surface water resources of Ganga have 

been assessed at 525 billion cubic meter (BCM). 

Catchment area, annual yield of water and mean 

flow of tributaries of Ganga are given in Annexure-I. 

Out of its 17 main tributaries, Yamuna, Sone, 

Ghagra and Kosi contribute over half of the annual 

water yield of the Ganga. These tributaries meet 

the Ganga at Allahabad and further downstream. 

The river has a problem of low flows between the 

Haridwar - Allahabad stretch, as may be seen from 

Figures 2 and 3. 

December to May are the months of lean flow in the 

Ganga. The lean flow during these months, at some 

important towns along the river Ganga, is shown in 

Figure 4.


Fig. 1: Ganga Basin 

5

Fig. 2 : Mean Discharge Seasonal 

Gauging Stations 

Fig. 3 : Seasonal Flow Variation 


Fig. 4 : Lean Flow in Ganga during summers 


6 

Status Paper on River Ganga


Chambal 

Sind 

Betwa 

Ken 

Tajewala 

Dam/Barrage 

Place name 

Delhi 

Yamuna 

Tons 

Sone 

Punpun 

Bhagirathi 

Hooghly 

Allahabad 

Patna 

Farakka 

Bay of Bengal 

Fig. 5: Line diagram of Ganga with its major tributaries and water management structures 

The average annual flow at various gauging 

stations and in major tributaries is shown in the line 

diagram in Fig. 5. The tributaries joining Ganga 

from the south are shown on the left of the diagram 

and those joining it from the north are shown on the 

right side. 

On an average, each square km of the Ganga basin 

receives a million cubic meter (MCM) of water as 

rainfall. 30% of this is lost as evaporation, 20% 

seeps to the subsurface and the remaining 50% is 

available as surface runoff. The deep channel of 

the river bounded by high banks facilitates the 

passage of ground water as base flow. Annual 

flooding is the characteristic of all rivers in the 

Ganga basin. The Ganga rises during the monsoon 

but the high banks restrict the flood water from 

spreading. The flood plain is usually 0.5 to 2 km 

Bhagirathi 

Tehri Dam 


7 

Hardwar 

Bijnore 

Narora 

Padma 

Gomati 

Ghaghara 

Gandak 

Alaknanda 

Buri Gandak 

Kosi 

Ramganga 

Brahmaputra 

Meghna 

wide. This active flood plain is flooded every year. 

There are many structures on the Ganga which 

divert its discharge. Major Water Resources 

Development Projects on the river are given in 

Annexure-II. 

2.6 PHYSIOGRAPHIC ASPECTS OF 

GANGA BASIN 

Structurally, the Ganga basin comprises of three 

large divisions of the Indian subcontinent, namely: 

the Himalayan fold mountains and the Central 

Indian highlands, the Peninsular shield, and the 

Gangetic plain. The Himalayan Fold Mountains 

include numerous snow peaks rising above 7000 

meters. Each of these peaks is surrounded by 

snow fields and glaciers. All the tributaries are 

characterised by well regulated flows and assured

supply of water throughout the year. The Gangetic 

plain, in which the main stem of Ganga lies, 

consists of alluvial formation and is a vast flat 

depositional surface at an elevation below 300 

meters. 

2.7 SOIL CHARACTERISTICS OF 

GANGA BASIN 

The Ganga basin consists of a wide variety of soils. 

While soils of the high Himalayas in the north are 

subject to continuous erosion, the Gangetic plain 

provides a huge receptacle into which thousands of 

meters of thick layers of sediments have been 

deposited to form a wide valley plain. The Deccan 

plateau in the south has a mantle of residual soils of 

varying thickness arising out of weathering of 

ancient rocks of the peninsular shield. Some of the 

soils are highly susceptible to erosion. Mountain 

soils, submontane soils and alluvial soils, covering 

58 % of the basin area, have very high erodibility; 

red soils covering 12% of the basin area have high 

erodibility, red & yellow soils and mixed red and 

black soils covering an area of 8% have moderate 

erodibility, and deep black soils and medium black 

soils covering an area of 14% have low erodibility. 

8 

Shallow black soils and lateritic soils covering an 

area of 6% have very low erodibility. 

Broadly, it can be said that soils in Haryana, 

Uttarakhand, Uttar Pradesh, Bihar, Jharkhand and 

West Bengal, through which the main stem of 

Ganga and all its tributaries flow, have very high 

erodibility. 

2.8 DEMOGRAPHY OF GANGA BASIN 

Demography has an important bearing on the state 

of the river as it is significantly affected by the 

population living within the basin. Average 

population density in the Ganga basin is 520 

persons per square km as against 312 for the entire 

country (2001 census). Major cities of Delhi, 

Kolkata, Kanpur, Lucknow, Patna, Agra, Meerut, 

Varanasi and Allahabad are situated in the basin. 

The cities in the basin have large and growing 

populations and a rapidly expanding industrial 

base. The summary of urban population in the 

basin is given in Table 2.2. It can be seen that 

between 1991 and 2001, urban population 

increased by 32%. This trend is likely to continue. 

The pollution load is also expected to increase 

correspondingly. 

Table 2.2: State-wise Number of Cities/Towns and Estimated Population 


S. No State No of towns/ Urban population 

cities 

1991 2001 

1. Bihar 

(including Jharkhand) 

130 6,715,096 8,681,800 

2. Haryana 106 4,054,744 6,115,304 

3. Himachal Pradesh 57 449,196 595,581 

4. Madhya Pradesh 

( including Chhattisgarh) 

394 12,152,967 15,967,145 

5. Rajasthan 222 10,077,371 13,200,000 

6. Uttar Pradesh 704 27,544,233 34,539,582 

7. Uttarakhand 86 2,179,074 

8. West Bengal 373 18,707,601 22,427,251 

9. Delhi 1 8,471,625 12,905,780 

Total 2073 88,172,833 116,611,517

03 

Ganga Action Plan 

To prevent the pollution of river Ganga and to 

improve its water quality, an Action Plan known as 

Ganga Action Plan was formulated in the year 1984 

on the basis of a comprehensive survey of the 

Ganga Basin carried out by the Central Pollution 

Control Board under "Assessment and 

Development Study of River Basin Series 

(ADSORB)". 

3.1 OBJECTIVES OF GANGA ACTION 

PLAN (GAP) 

The objective, at the time of launching the Ganga 

Action Plan in 1985, was to improve the water 

quality of Ganga to acceptable standards by 

preventing the pollution load from reaching the 

river. Later, in 1987, on the recommendations of 

the Monitoring Committee of GAP, the objective of 

the Plan was modified to restoring the river water 

quality to the Designated Best Use class of Ganga, 

which is “Bathing Class” (Class B). The standards 

of water quality for Class B are given in the 

following box. 

9 

The classification of designated best use of inland 

surface water as stipulated by CPCB is given in 

Table 3.1. 

3.2 APPROACH OF GANGA ACTION 

PLAN (GAP) 

Studies undertaken before the formulation of the 

Ganga Action Plan indicated that a large proportion 

of pollution load in the river came from the 

municipal wastewater generated in 25 Class I 

towns located on the banks of the Ganga, each with 

a population exceeding one lakh. Therefore, the 

emphasis under the Plan was on interception and 

diversion of wastewater and its treatment in 

Sewage Treatment Plants, before discharge into 

river or on land. In addition, works were also 

undertaken to prevent pollution of the river from 

non-point sources, improving aesthetics, and 

promoting public participation. The various types 

of schemes taken up under GAP are categorized 

into core and non-core schemes. 

WATER QUALITY STANDARDS FOR OUT DOOR BATHING (CLASS B) 

pH : 6.5 – 8.5 

Dissolved Oxygen (DO) : 5 mg/l or more 

Biochemical Oxygen Demand (BOD) : 3 mg/l or less 

Faecal Coliform : 500 MPN / 100 ml (Desirable) 

2500 MPN/100 ml (Max. Permissible)

Table 3.1 The Designated Best Use Classification of Inland Surface Water 

Class Designated Best Use (DBU) 

A 

B 

C 

D 

E 

Core Schemes : 

Drinking Water Source without 

conventional treatment but 

after disinfection 

Outdoor bathing (Organised) 

Drinking Water Source with 

Conventional treatment 

followed by disinfection 

Propagation of wild life and 

fisheries 

Irrigation, industrial cooling 

and controlled waste disposal 

Interception and diversion (I&D) of sewage, 

reaching the Ganga river. 

Installing treatment facilities to treat the 

intercepted sewage. 

Non Core Schemes : 

Providing facilities of Low Cost Sanitation 

(LCS) at community and individual levels at 

identified locations. 

Installation of Crematoria (electric as well 

as wood based improved crem atoria). 

River Front Development (RFD) including 

bathing ghats. 

Afforestation 

Public awareness and participation. 

pH 

Dissolved Oxygen (DO) 

Biochemical Oxygen Demand (BOD) 

Total Coliform 

pH 




pH 




pH 


FreeAmmonia 

pH 

Electrical Conductivity 

Sodium absorption ratio 

Boron 

10 

CRITERIA 


Source: CPCB 

6.5 to 8.5 

6 mg/l or more 

2 mg/l or less 

50 MPN/100 ml 

6.5 to 8.5 



500 MPN/100 ml 

6.5 to 8.5 



5000 MPN/100 ml 

6.5 to 8.5 


1.2 mg/l 

6.5 to 8.5 

2250 

mhos/cm 

26 

2 mg/l 

3.3 INSTITUTIONAL ARRANGEMENTS 

An apex body, namely the Central Ganga Authority, 

(CGA) was set up under the Chairmanship of the 

Prime Minister to finalize the policy framework and 

to coordinate and oversee the implementation of 

theAction Plan. 

A Steering Committee was constituted with 

Secretary, Ministry of Environment and Forests as 

Chairman to consider approval of schemes, 

allocation of funds and to review progress. A 

Monitoring Committee was also constituted to 

monitor progress of implementation of schemes. 

The Ganga Project Directorate (GPD), with the 

necessary financial and administrative powers, 

was set up as a part of the Ministry of Environment 

and Forests to implement theAction Plan. 

GAP II was merged with the National River 

Conservation Plan (NRCP) in 1996. The NRCP 

presently covers polluted stretches of 36 rivers 

spread over 165 towns in 20 States.

Ganga Action Plan 

3.4 GANGA ACTION PLAN PHASE I (GAP I) 

Under GAP I, pollution abatement schemes were taken up in 25 Class-I towns in three States of U.P., 

Bihar and West Bengal. GAP I was declared complete on 31.03.2000 with an expenditure of Rs. 452 

crore. The details are given below: 

States Covered : 3 (UP, Bihar and West Bengal) 

Towns Covered : 25 (UP-6, Bihar-4 and West Bengal-15) 

Schemes Sanctioned : 261 

Schemes Completed : 260 

Interception and Diversion : 88 

Sewage Treatment Plants : 34 

Low Cost Sanitation : 43 

Crematoria : 28 

River Front Development : 35 

Others (afforestation) : 32 

Sewage Treatment Capacity to be Created : 882 MLD (35 STPs) 

Sewage Treatment Capacity Created : 869 MLD (34 STPs) 

Total expenditure incurred : Rs. 452 Crores. 

3.5 GANGA ACTION PLAN PHASE II (GAP II) 

As GAP I addressed only a part of the pollution load of Ganga, GAP II was launched in stages between 

1993 and 1996. 59 towns along the main stem of river Ganga in five States of Uttarakhand, U.P., 

Jharkhand, Bihar and West Bengal are covered under the Plan. The salient features of the Plan are as 

under: 

States Covered : 5 (Uttarakhand, UP, Bihar, Jharkhand and West 

Bengal) 

Towns Covered : 59 (Uttarakhand-10, UP-12, Bihar-13, Jharkhand- 

1, West Bengal-23) 

Schemes Sanctioned : 319 

Schemes Completed : 200 

Sewage Treatment Capacity to be Created : 277.28 MLD (37 STPs) 

Sewage Treatment Capacity Created : 129.77 MLD (18 STPs) 

11

3.6 INDUSTRIAL POLLUTION 

Though industrial pollution constitutes around 20% 

of the total pollution load by volume, its contribution 

to polluting the river Ganga is much greater, due to 

the higher concentration of pollutants. 

This problem 

was sought to be addressed by focusing on Grossly 

Polluting Industries. Any industrial unit, discharging 

into the river effluent having BOD load of 100 

kg/day or more, and/or is involved in the 

manufacture and use of hazardous substances, is 

classified as grossly polluting. Such units were 

identified and asked to install Effluent Treatment 

Plants. 

12 


Presently, 154 grossly polluting industrial units are 

identified on the main stem of River Ganga. Of 

these, 94 units have Effluent Treatment Plants 

(ETPs) operating satisfactorily, 22 have ETPs but 

they do not operate satisfactorily and 38 Units have 

closed down. The total number of grossly polluting 

units along river Ganga and its tributaries is 478. Of 

these, 335 units have ETPs operating satisfactorily, 

while in 64 units ETPs do not operate satisfactorily 

and 79 units have been closed down.

04 

Water Quality Status 

of Ganga River 

Water quality monitoring is undertaken with the 

objective of defining the status of water quality. It 

also provides an idea of the trend in water quality. It 

is a long term and standardized assessment. The 

primary uses considered for such characterization 

relate to drinking water, safety of human contact 

and health of ecosystems. 

Before the launching of GAP, a comprehensive 

study of water quality in Ganga River Basin was 

undertaken by CPCB (at 39 stations between 

Rishikesh and Diamond Harbour). Under GAP, 

Water Quality Monitoring is a regular activity. This is 

being done at 27 Monitoring Stations. Though 21 

water quality parameters were identified by NRCD, 

the emphasis is on parameters which indicate the 

quality criteria for Designated Best Use viz. pH, 

Dissolved Oxygen (DO), Biochemical Oxygen 

Demand (BOD) and indictor bacteria coliform 

(faecal coliform). 

This monitoring is being carried out through 

reputed scientific institutes/universities situated 

along the river and having the necessary 

infrastructure and capability to undertake this work. 

Nine core parameters and site specific heavy 

metals are monitored on a monthly basis. 

Performance monitoring of sewage treatment 

plants is also undertaken. A 'Protocol for Water 

Quality Monitoring' notified by the Water Quality 

Assessment Authority is being followed for 

achieving uniformity in monitoring of surface & 

ground water by all agencies in the country. 

13 

The authenticity and reliability of water quality data 

is ensured through an exercise of Analytical Quality 

Control (AQC) with the help of Central Pollution 

Control Board. A water quality monitoring bulletin is 

published at regular intervals for information and 

corrective measures. 

4.1 PRE-GAP STATUS 

4.1.1 Dissolved Oxygen (DO) 

During the pre-GAP period, DO values exhibited a 

more or less stable pattern in Ganga. The average 

values ranged between 6.8-7.2 mg/l. The values 

were generally above 4.0 mg/l. Higher values were 

recorded in winters at Haridwar, Allahabad, 

Varanasi and Patna. There were only minor 

fluctuations. 

4.1.2 Biochemical Oxygen Demand (BOD) 

BOD depicts the pollution status of a stream and is 

measured as oxygen equivalent of organic matter. 

The values exhibited higher pollution level during 

post monsoon months than in summers and 

winters. The BOD levels were higher at Kannauj 

and downstream upto Varanasi. The pattern of 

variation, spatial and temporal, was not smooth. 

Maximum values were recorded at Kanpur 

downstream [15.5 mg/l, 14.15 mg/l, 16.39 mg/l 

(post-monsoon, winter and summers)]. Minimum 

values of less than 3 mg/l were recorded in the hilly

stretches and downstream of Patna, except at 

Diamond Harbour where value of 15.58 mg/l was 

recorded in summer. 

4.1.3 Coliform 

The variation in total coliforms was 48333, 916667 

and 835333 MPN/100 ml (post monsoon, winter 

and summer) at Uluberia with minimum levels at 

Haridwar (43, 2400, 2400).As 

expected, the counts 

Monitoring Stations 

14 


were higher in summers compared to those in postmonsoon 

and winter seasons. 

The data at 16 monitoring stations during the pre- 

GAP period is given in Annexure-III. The graphic 

representation is given in Figure 6. 

The pre GAP status of ambient water quality along 

different zones of the River Ganga as per CPCB's 

classification of 'Designated Best use' is 

summarized in Table 4.1 and Table 4.2.

Water Quality Satus of Ganga River 

Table 4.1 Status of Ambient Water Quality Along Different Zones of the Ganga 

S. 

No. 

Monitoring Stations Total DO BOD Over all water 

Coliform Status Status quality 

Uttarakhand Rishikesh C B B B 

Haridwar C C D C 

UP Garhmukteswar C C D C 

Kannauj D B D C 

Kanpur u/s D C D D 

Kanpur d/s D D D D 

Allahabad u/s D A D D 

Allahabad d/s D A D D 

Mirzapur D A D D 

Varanasi u/s D A D D 

Varanasi d/s D A D D 

Bihar Buxar D A B C 

Patna u/s D A C C 

Patna d/s D A B C 

Munger D B C C 

Bhagalpur D A B C 

Rajmahal D A B C 

West Bengal Farakka D A A C 

Nabadwip D A A C 

Kalyani D B D D 

Palta D A B D 

Uluberia D B D D 

Diamond Harbour D A D D 

u/s -: upstream d/s -: downstream 

Table 4.2 Zoning and Water Quality Classification of the Ganga 

Zone Length 

(km) 

Ambient Water 

quality class 

15 

Designated 

Best Use 

Critical 

parameter 

1. Source 

Rishikesh 

to 250 B A Total Coliform 

2. Rishikesh to 420 C B Total Coliform 

Kannauj 

and BOD 

3. Kannauj to d/s 

Varanasi (Trighat) 

730 B A Total Coliform 

4. Trighat 

Kalyani 

to 950 C B Total Coliform 

5. Kalyani to 100 D B Total Coliform 

Diamond Harbour 

(Source: CPCB)

4.2 POST-GAP QUALITY 

4.2.1 Dissolved Oxygen 

A perusal of the results ( Annexure IV) 

indicates that 

in 22 years of monitoring at 16 stations, the value of 

DO below 5.0 mg/l was recorded only in 2.6% 

cases. In these cases, the values were between 

3.2 and 4.9 mg/l. These were observed between 

Kannauj and Kanpur. A comparison of results with 

pre-GAP period shows that there is a marginal 

increase in DO values indicating improvement in 

water quality. 

4.2.2 Biochemical Oxygen Demand 

The variation in BOD values is much higher as 

16 


compared to DO. Values exceeding 3.0 mg/l or 

more were recorded in 27% samples. These values 

were observed mostly in the stretch between 

Kannauj and Kanpur and sometimes at Allahabad. 

Detailed perusal, station wise and year wise, 

reveals that the values exceeded the acceptable 

standard ( 3.0 mg/l) at Rishikesh and Haridwar 

only once and twice respectively whereas between 

Kannauj and Kanpur the values exceeded the 

acceptable level frequently. Higher values of BOD 

were also recorded at Allahabad and Varanasi. The 

most critical stretch is between Kannauj and 

Allahabad downstream. The highest value of BOD 

(65.8 mg/l) was recorded at Kanpur during lean 

flow. The graphic representation is in Figure 8.

Water Quality Satus of Ganga River 

4.2.3 Total Coliform and Fecal Coliform 

The fecal coliform counts frequently exceeded the 

stipulated limit at Kannauj, Kanpur, Allahabad and 

Varanasi. It is also observed that standards for 

coliforms are exceeded more frequently than for 

BOD and DO. Thus coliform and BOD emerge as 

the most critical parameters of river pollution. 

4.3 IMPACT OF RIVER ACTION PLAN 

ON RIVER QUALITY 

The results of water quality monitoring for 

the period 1986-2008 are given in Figure 

7 & Figure 8 for DO and BOD. This 

graphical representation is based on data 

given in Annexure -IV. 

17 

The desired class of water (according to 

the Designated Best Use of the Ganga 

water) at various locations and the class 

actually found in various years is given in 

Annexure - V. 

The classification is based 

on the measured values of DO, BOD and 

Coliform (CF). The parameters on which 

water is below the desired class, is 

indicated in italics in the table. 

It is observed that in 1986, Bio-chemical 

Oxygen Demand (BOD), ranged from 5.5 

to 15.5 mg/l in the critical stretch from 

Kannauj to Varanasi. As against this, 

BOD values in 2008 in the stretch from 

Kannauj to Kanpur and Allahabad to 

Varanasi are 2.9-4.1mg/l and 2.2-4.8 mg/l 

respectively, indicating improvement.

Dissolved Oxygen (DO) levels (in the 

Allahabad-Varanasi stretch) were in the 

range of 5.9 to 6.6 mg/l in 1986. In 2008, 

the range had improved to 7.3 to 8.4 mg/l. 

These values of BOD and DO are 

averages for the critical months of March 

to June, when temperatures are high and 

the flows in the river are low. 

4.4 SUMMARY 

Despite the problems of operation and 

maintenance, river water quality has shown 

discernible improvement (in terms of DO and BOD) 

over the pre-GAP period. This has to be seen in the 

background of a steep increase in population with 

concomitant increase in organic pollution load. In 

the absence of Ganga Action Plan, there would 

have been further deterioration in these 

parameters. This conclusion has also been 

corroborated by several independent studies 

(Markandya & Murthy, 2004). 

The high BOD values in some of the towns are 

attributed to increased population and partial 

interception and diversion under GAP schemes. 

The water quality of the river is likely to improve 

when all the ongoing works are completed and the 

entire waste water being generated is tackled. 

A comparison of pre-GAP and post-GAP values of 

the three critical parameters, namely DO, BOD and 

18 

Coliforms reveals the following: 


Dissolved Oxygen is largely within 

acceptable limits. 

In the upper Ganga, from origin to Haridwar, the water quality is more or less of Bathing 

Standards (Class B). 

Higher levels of coliform are present almost 

throughout Ganga. GAP has not been able 

to adequately address the issue of 

coliforms. 

The stretch from Kannauj to Kanpur and 

Allahabad to Varanasi remains critical and 

needs focused attention. Apart from higher 

levels of coliforms, the norms for BOD 

indicating organic pollution are also 

exceeded in this stretch. 

A study on development of scenarios on 

comparison of river water quality with and 

without GAP (Markandya & Murthy, 2004) 

showed that a stretch of about 740 km (out 

of total 1520 km) between Rishikesh and 

Rajmahal would have violated the BOD limit 

of 3 mg/l without GAP. The study also 

indicated that a stretch of about 437 km had 

a BOD level above the permissible limit of 3 

mg/l after GAP I.

05 

Critical Analysis of GAP 

The implementation of GAP has been successful in 

preventing further deterioration of water quality in 

the river Ganga, and in fact improving it in a few 

places, even though the pollution load has 

increased substantially with time. It would be safe 

to infer that if the pollution abatement programme 

had not been taken up there would have been an 

inevitable and sharp deterioration in the quality of 

water, posing a serious threat to public health and 

ecology. Another positive impact of the programme 

has been an increased public awareness of the 

need to protect our rivers and other sources of 

surface water from degradation. 

In view of the fact that water quality has not yet 

reached the prescribed standards for bathing, 

especially in the stretch from Kannauj to Varanasi, 

there has been criticism of the GAP in the media 

and civil society. A very significant factor in this 

regard is the inadequate flow in the river due to 

abstraction of water for various purposes including 

irrigation, drinking water and power generation. A 

sizeable proportion of water is diverted into the 

Upper and Lower Ganga canals resulting in 

reduced flow in the main river. 

On the other hand, there have been independent 

studies by academic institutions which have 

concluded that the programme has produced 

positive results. The Cost Benefit Analysis of GAP-I 

carried out jointly by the University of Bath and 

Metroeconomica, UK in collaboration with several 

Indian institutions also endorsed the positive 

outcomes of the Plan. 

19 

Another indicator of the positive impact of GAP I is 

that several States demanded that the river 

conservation programme be extended to other 

rivers. As a result, the National River Conservation 

Plan (NRCP) was launched in 1995, as a countrywide 

river conservation programme. It presently 

covers polluted stretches of 36 rivers in 20 States. 

5.1 LIMITED SCOPE OF GAP 

GAP suffered from the following limitations; 

Only a part of the pollution load of the river 

could be tackled. 

GAP concentrated on improving the water 

quality of Ganga, mainly in terms of organic 

pollution and dissolved oxygen. 

Only the wastewater of towns flowing 

through the drains to the river was targeted. 

Connections of household toilets to the 

sewer system, solid waste management, 

and some other vital aspects of municipal 

activities, which impinge on the water 

quality were not addressed. 

The issue of ensuring environmental flows 

in the river was not attended to. This has 

become increasingly important in view of 

the competing demands on the Ganga 

water for drinking, irrigation and power 

generation. Adopting more efficient water 

conservation practices could have reduced 

the need for abstraction of water from 

Ganga.

Tree cover in the Ganga basin has reduced 

considerably and land use pattern has 

changed, leading to soil erosion. Sediment 

yield and its deposit on the river bed were 

also not monitored. 

Pollution load from non-point sources was 

addressed marginally. 

No attention was paid to run-off from 

agricultural fields, which brings nonbiodegradable 

pesticides into the river. 

Measures necessary for the prevention of 

pollution of the river water while planning 

new settlements or expansion of the 

present ones were not considered. 

Watershed development as well as 

groundwater and surface water interaction 

were not covered. 

Only Class-I towns on the banks of rivers 

were taken up. Thus a large number of 

urban settlements remained outside the 

purview of the Plan. 

Pollution from rural sector was not 

addressed. 

Several parameters such as heavy metals, 

pesticides, nitrogen and phosphorous were 

not monitored. These parameters have 

become important with increased 

industrialisation and urbanisation. 

5.2 FORMULATION OF SCHEMES 

There was little sense of ownership among the 

stakeholders due to their limited participation in 

formulating schemes and in implementation. In 

public perception, the Plan continues to be seen as 

a Government scheme. 

20 

In the initial stages, schemes of I&D and STP were 

implemented with limited knowledge of actual 

wastewater generation and treatment technology 

options. This was due to lack of indigenous 

experience in pollution abatement works. An 

attempt has been made to address this 

shortcoming in the next stage (GAP II), with various 

technologies being evaluated to select the most 

appropriate option for a particular location. 

Initially, no provision was made for supply of standby 

power. Treatment plants & pumping stations, 

therefore, were operated with frequent 

interruptions. Subsequently, dedicated power line 

and/or diesel generator sets have been installed to 

ensure uninterrupted power supply to these 

facilities. However, O&M continues to be a major 

problem. 

In the absence of a fast track mechanism, there 

were delays in preparing and sanctioning schemes. 

5.3 IMPLEMENTATION 

Problems of land acquisition, court cases, 

contractual issues and inadequate capacities in the 

local bodies/implementing agencies came in the 

way of speedy implementation. 

In some cases, essential components of schemes 

were not foreseen and estimates had to be revised. 

This caused cost over-runs and delays. 

5.4 OPERATION AND 

MAINTENANCE (O&M) 


While seeking approval of schemes under the GAP, 

the State Governments had committed to ensuring 

proper O&M of the river conservation assets being 

created. However, most of the states could not 

provide adequate financial resources for O&M,

Critical Analysis of GAP 

steady and uninterrupted electricity and 

experienced manpower. The Municipal 

Corporations had problems in raising the required 

financial and human resources to ensure proper 

operation and maintenance of pollution abatment 

infrastructure created under GAP. Consequently, 

O&M of these assets suffered resulting in 

continued pollution of the river. 

Under-utilization of STPs, in some instances due to 

non-conveyance of the sewage to the STPs, 

particularly in the absence of upstream systems 

such as branch sewer and house connections is 

also a serious constraint. 

5.5 TECHNOLOGICAL ISSUES 

Decentralized approach was adopted only in a few 

places under the Plan. The schemes generally 

relied on centralised systems, which meant that 

sewage was transported to the periphery of the 

town for treatment before its final disposal. This 

resulted in long sewer systems, involving pumping 

and treatment, which were capital and energy 

intensive. 

A variety of treatment technologies have been 

adopted under GAP. At places where adequate 

land was available, waste stabilization pond 

technology was used. In most other places, 

technologies like the Activated Sludge Process 

(ASP), which is a tried and tested technology, as 

well as Upflow Anaerobic Sludge Blanket (UASB), 

which is a new technology, were adopted. While 

21 

ASP is an energy intensive technology, the UASB is 

less energy intensive but its effluent needs to be 

polished to meet the prescribed standards before it 

can be discharged into the river. The experience of 

using various technologies under GAP has been 

utilised in selection of appropriate treatment 

technologies in river pollution abatement 

programmes subsequently taken up under the 

NRCP. 

The system design for the schemes of interception, 

diversion & treatment of sewage catered to the 

hydraulic and organic load at the time of designing, 

with provision for increased load in future. 

However, treatment facilities at many places were 

soon found to be inadequate due to phenomenal 

growth of population and new residential colonies 

coming up without adequate wastewater treatment 

infrastructure. Large volume of wastewater in 

excess of treatment capacity of the STPs, had to be 

discharged into the river without treatment. 

5.6 CONCLUSION 

GAP has been a mixed success. Though the 

programme yielded good results in many stretches, 

the problem of pollution in river Ganga has not been 

fully addressed. The river water quality has 

improved at many locations despite significantly 

increased demographic and other pressures. 

However, the critical parameters of water quality, 

which adversely impact human health, exceed the 

prescribed standard limits at major locations.

06 

Future Course of Action 

6.1 REVAMPING OF THE RIVER 

CONSERVATION PROGRAMME 

The need for revamping the river conservation 

programme was widely recognised in view of the 

shortcomings in the approach followed in the 

Ganga Action Plan. The implementation was 

piecemeal and focussed more on municipal 

sewage. Though this approach yielded good 

results in many stretches, the problem was not fully 

addressed. In the meanwhile, the challenges have 

grown. Over the years, the demand for river water is 

growing for irrigation, drinking water, industrial use 

and power. The increasing pollution load from 

expanding cities, diminishing flows due to melting 

glaciers, adverse health impacts, ineffective 

enforcement of environmental norms and lack of 

social mobilization compound the challenge. 

6.2 CONSTITUTION OF NATIONAL 

GANGA RIVER BASIN AUTHORITY 

It was felt necessary that a new holistic approach 

based on river basin as the unit of planning and 

institutional redesign may be adopted. Accordingly, 

the Government of India has given Ganga the 

status of a 'National River' and has constituted the 

'National Ganga River Basin Authority' (NGRBA) 

on 20.02.2009. The NGRBA is an empowered 

planning, financing, monitoring and coordinating 

authority for the Ganga River set up under Section 

22 

3(3) of the Environment (Protection) Act, 1986. 

The Ministry of Environment and Forests would 

provide the necessary administrative and technical 

support to theAuthority. 

6.3 FUNCTIONS AND POWERS OF 

THE NGRBA 

The Authority has both regulatory and 

developmental functions. The Authority will 

take measures for effective abatement of 

pollution and conservation of the river 

Ganga in keeping with sustainable 

development needs. These include:- 

development of a river basin management 

plan and regulation of activities aimed at 

prevention, control and abatement of 

pollution in the river Ganga to maintain its 

water quality, and to take measures 

relevant to river ecology and management 

in the Ganga Basin States; 

maintenance of minimum ecological flows 

in the river Ganga with the aim of 

ensuring water quality and environmentally 

sustainable development; 

measures necessary for planning, 

financing and execution of programmes for 

abatement of pollution in the river Ganga 

including augmentation of sewerage 

infrastructure, catchment area treatment,

Future Course of Action 

protection of flood plains, creating public 

awareness and such other measures for 

promoting environmentally sustainable 

river conservation; 

collection, analysis and dissemination of 

information relating to environmental 

pollution in the river Ganga; 

investigations and research regarding 

problems of environmental pollution and 

conservation of the river Ganga; 

creation of special purpose vehicles, as 

appropriate, for implementation of works 

vested with theAuthority; 

promotion of water conservation practices 

including recycling and reuse, rain water 

harvesting, and decentralised sewage 

treatment systems; 

monitoring and review of the 

implementation of various programmes or 

activities taken up for prevention, control 

and abatement of pollution in the river 

Ganga; and 

issuance of directions under section 5 of the 

Environment (Protection) Act, 1986 for the 

purpose of exercising and performing all or 

any of the above functions and for 

achievement of its objectives. 

The NGRBA would thus be responsible for 

addressing the problem of pollution in Ganga in a 

holistic and comprehensive manner. The 

responsibilities of the Authority would include 

integrating activities related to sustainable use of 

water, pollution abatement, maintenance of 

23 

ecological flows, and river conservation. The 

NGRBAwould identify the pollution sources, build a 

database using scientific methods, analyse the 

data and ensure its sharing. The NGRBA will draw 

up a work plan with clear timelines and sources of 

funding. 

The Authority would coordinate with other 

regulatory agencies like the Central Pollution 

Control Board (CPCB) and the State Pollution 

Control Boards (SPCBs) for access to data, and 

expertise and for promoting new technological 

options. Since water quality is directly impacted by 

abstraction, it may issue directions for taking 

appropriate measures with a view to ensuring 

minimum flows in the river in the interest of pollution 

control and environmental management. The 

Authority will also encourage States, ULBs, 

industry and farmers to increase water use 

efficiency 

treatment. 

and reuse wastewater after proper 

The State Governments would set up the State 

River Conservation Authorities (SRCAs) for 

coordinating and implementing the river 

conservation activities at the State level. These 

would function under the chairmanship of the Chief 

Ministers. Based on the integrated basin 

management plan drawn by the NGRBA, the State 

Governments will take steps for comprehensive 

management of the river in the States through their 

respectiveAuthorities. 

It is expected that this new initiative would 

rejuvenate the collective efforts of the Centre and 

States for cleaning the national river Ganga.

6.4 ACTION PLAN 

A detailed plan of activities with milestones to be 

achieved will be formulated for approval of the 

Authority. This would include timelines and 

budgetary resources. Essential preliminary 

activities in this regard have been initiated. These 

are: 

Preparation of a River Basin Management 

Plan for the Ganga Basin 

Preparation of a Status paper on Ganga 

Preparation of Action Plans for the hotspots 

like Haridwar, Kanpur, Allahabad, Varanasi, 

Patna, etc. in consultation with the State 

Governments. 

Discussion on modalities of setting up of 

Special Purpose Vehicles ( SPVs) 

at 

appropriate locations as a means of 

mobilizing private sector resources and 

achieving efficiencies. 

Mapping of the Ganga Basin 

Preparation of a Compendium of sewage 

treatment technologies 

Preparation of a memorandum of 

agreement to be signed between the 

Central Government, State Governments and ULBs linking flow of funds to 

achievement of agreed milestones. 

6.5 RESOURCES 

The allocations for pollution abatement and other 

river conservation works in the Ganga Basin under 

24 


the existing Central and State schemes are 

inadequate, and not commensurate with the 

objective of cleaning the river to the desired 

standards in a time bound manner. Significant 

upscaling of budgetary support for the river 

cleaning activities would, therefore, be essential. 

For carrying out the mandate of the Authority, and 

to achieve the objective of cleaning the river Ganga 

in a time-bound manner, substantial resources will 

be required. These resources could be mobilized 

by using a combination of options. These include 

Dovetailing the existing schemes like 

Jawaharlal Nehru National Urban Renewal 

Mission (JNNURM), Urban Infrastructure 

Development Scheme for Small and 

Medium Towns (UIDSSMT), etc. 

Encouraging the State Governments and 

the Urban Local Bodies to generate 

resources through taxes, levies, cess, user 

charges etc. 

Creating a corpus for the Authority 

to be 

provided by the Central Government. 

th 

Approaching the 13 Finance Commission 

for a special provision, considering the 

impact on a very large population. 

Creating SPVs for implementing specific 

river conservation activities. This would 

help mobilize resources from the private 

sector and the financial institutions. 

Seeking external assistance from multi- 

lateral financial institutions.

Annexure 

Catchment Area, Annual Water Yield and Mean Flow Rate of Streams in Ganga Basin. 

S. No. Sub-Basin Mean Annual 

Flow (BCM) 

25 

Percentage 

contribution 

2. Yamuna (excluding Chambal) 57.241 19.90 

* CWC Publication “Water Resources of India 30/88” 

Annexure-I 

(Source: CWC/GBWRD publication - A Perspective Plan - 1986) 

1. Ramganga 17789 3.39 

3. Chambal 32.554 6.20 

4. Tons-Kararmnasa 10.609 2.02 

5. Gomti-Ghaghra 113.511 21.62 

6. Sone-East of Sone 44.144 8.41 

7. Gandak-Burhi Gandak 58.967 11.23 

8. Kodi-Mahananda 81.848 15.59 

Total (Tributaries) 416.663 79.36 

9. Ganga Main Stem 84.980 16.19 

10. Evaporation * 

(attributable to Ground Water) 

23.380 4.45 

Total Ganga (Upto Indian Border) 525.023 100.00

1994 Madhya Ganga 

Canal, Bijnor 

Major Water Resources Projects in Ganga Basin 

a. Diversion/Storage Projects for consumptive use 

Diversion 234 m 3 /s Irrigations 

(0.306 million ha) 

26 


Annexure -II 

Name and 

Location 

Diversion/ 

Storage 

3 

Discharge(m /s) / 

storage in (MCM) 

Purpose 

1854 Upper Ganga Diversion 297 m 

Canal, Haridwar 

3 /s Irrigation 

(0.924 

Ha) 

million 

1874 Agra Canal, Okhla Diversion 30.8 m 

Barrage, Delhi 

3 /s during 

Non-monsoon and 

56 m 3 Irrigation 

/s 

monsoon 

during 

1880 Lower Ganga Diversion 157 m 

Canal, Narora 

3 /s Irrigation (0.5 

million ha) 

1960 Gandhisagar Dam/ Storage 6797 MCM Live Irrigation over 

M.P. 

0.757 

ha. 

115 MW 

million 

1990-91 East Ganga Canal Diversion 237 m /s Irrigation 

Bhimgoda Haridwar 

0.233 million ha 

Western Yamuna Diversion 190 m 

Canal 

3 3 

Eastern Yamuna Diversion 85 m /s irrigation 

Canal 

/s irrigation 

Sharda Sahayak Diversion 650 m 

Canal, 

Lakhimpur Kheri 

3 /s Irrigation 

Gandak Canal Diversion 147 m 


3 /s irrigation 

Kosi Canal Diversion 425 m 3 

Year of 

Completion/ 

Commissioning 

Storage 

during Kharif 

In between 

1719-1748 AD 

during Mughal 

Dynasty 

1355 AD 

During 

Ferozshah 

Tuglaq rule 

2000 


1985 


1963 

/s 

irrigation 

1960 

Kota Barrage Diversion 

3 

230 m /s irrigation 

(0.5 million ha)

Annexure 

b. Storage Projects for Hydroelectricity Generation 

Year of 

Completion/ 

Commissioning 

Name and 

Location 

Storage Storage (MCM) Purpose 

1962 Rihand Dam/ 

Storage 8900 MCM Hydro Electricity 

Sonbhadra, UP 

Live Storage 300 MW + Water 

Supply to Thermal 

Plants 

1970-71 Obra Dam Storage 211 MCM Hydro Electricity 

Sonbhadra, UP Gross Storage 99 MW 

1973 Chambal Valley Stogare 10500 MCM 370 MW 

Project (Excluding 

Kota Barrage) 

Live Storage Hydro Electricity 

1974 

Ramganga 

Storage 2190 MCM-Gross Hydroelectric (198 

Multipurpose 

Storage 

MW) and Irrigation 

Project at Kalagarh 

(.575 million Ha 

in Bijnor 

Flood Control 

1991 

Tons I at Bansagar Diversion Barrage Hydro Electricity 

2001-02 Tons II & III at 

Storage 5410 MCM Hydro Electricity 

Bansagar 

Live Storage 90MW 

2006 Tehri Dam 

Storage 2615 MCM Live 2400 MW of 

on Bhagirathi 

Hydropower and 

Irrigation to 

2006 Dhauliganga 

Storage - 

0.27 million ha 

Land. Drinking 

water supply to 

3 

Delhi @ 10 m /s 

Hydro Electricity 

Pithoragarh 

280 MW 

Under 

Tapovan Vishnugarh Runofthe Dhauliganga Hydro Electricity 

construction Project, Joshimath 

(Chamoli) 

River 

520 MW 

Under 

Lakhwar Phase I Storage 333 MCM Live Installed Capacity 

construction and Phase II on 

River Yamuna 

Storage 

420 MW 

Under 

Jamrani 

Storage 144 MCM Live Irrigation (0.15 

construction 

Multipurpose Dam 

Stogage 

Million Ha) + 

near Kathgodam 

30 MW Hydro + 

drinking 

27

Parametric values of Ganga River during Pre GAP at Selected Stations 

28 


Annexure -III 

Stations Distance pH* Dissolved OxygenBOD Total Coliform 

in km PM W S PM W S PM W S 

Rishikesh 0 7.0 - - - - - - - - - 

Haridwar D/S 30 8.0- 

7.0 

5.25 6.8 4.87 13.2 3.17 2.5 43 2400 2400 

Garhmukteshwar 175 8.0- 

7.0 

8.05 7.87 6.67 2.5 2.0 5.0 2400 1880 1416 

Kannauj 430 7.0- 

8.0 

6.7 6.7 10.1 12.9 8.2 16.3 - 40×10 3 

- 

Kanpur U/S 530 8.0 7.1 6.85 6.38 12.4 13.9 13.9 - - - 

Kanpur D/S 548 8.0 6.5 8.02 4.35 15.5 14.15 16.39 - - - 

Allahabad U/S 733 8.0 6.6 6.8 7.5 8.04 8.92 6.76 21.780 17310 21230 

Allahabad D/S 743 8.0 7.9 10.7 7.08 7.10 5.4 6.95 38100 15440 17520 

Varanasi U/S 908 9-8 8.2 11.14 7.03 6.0 5.9 6.49 31885 25930 14010 

Varanasi D/S 919 9-8 7.45 8.75 6.88 5.4 5.85 6.38 33612 20892 5910 

Patna U/S 1188 8-8 7.6 8.9 7.71 2.7 1.64 1.71 24×10 3 

40×10 3 46×10 3 

Patna D/S 1198 8.0 7.2 8.85 7.39 1.55 1.85 3.5 24×10 66635 55403 

Rajmahal 1508 - 7.57 4.67 7.45 0.9 1.28 1.47 4940 58633 19563 

Palta 2050 - 4.67 8.3 6.86 0.57 1.07 1.12 19667 748667 469767 

Uluberia 2500 8.0 4.58 7.67 6.69 0.6 1.57 1.02 48333 916667 835333 

Diamond 

Harbour 

6.73 7.47 6.20 1.3 1.47 15.58 31333 8833 22600 

* pH variation (May– July 1982); PM (Post Monsoon); W (Winter); S (Summer)

Annexure 

Annexure-IV 

Water Quality Data of Ganga River During 1986-2008 

Sl Station/ Location Distance 1986 1993 2002 2005 2008 Standard 

No 

in km 

values 

DO BOD DO BOD DO BOD DO BOD DO BOD DO BOD 

(mg/l) (mg/l) (mg/l) (mg/l) (mg/l) (mg/l) (mg/l) (mg/l) (mg/l) (mg/l) (mg/l) (mg/l 

1 Rishikesh (0 km) 0 8.1 1.7 9.0 1.3 8.2 1.2 8.5 1.0 8.1 1.2 5.0 3.0 

2 Haridwar D/s(30 km) 30 8.1 1.8 7.2 1.4 7.8 1.7 8.1 1.4 7.9 1.4 5.0 3.0 

3 Garhmukteshwar (175 km) 175 7.8 2.2 8.5 1.6 7.5 2.1 7.8 2.0 7.8 1.9 5.0 3.0 

4 Kannauj U/S (430 km) 430 7.2 5.5 7.2 2.3 7.7 1.2 8.5 1.7 6.5 2.9 5.0 3.0 

5 Kannauj D/S (433 km) 433 6.5 5.1 8.4 2.5 6.5 4.2 7.6 4.5 6.2 3.1 5.0 3.0 

6 Kanpur U/S (530 km) 530 7.2 7.2 7.5 1.9 6.3 3.8 6.2 4.3 4.9 3.4 5.0 3.0 

7 Kanpur D/S (548 km) 548 6.7 8.6 5.2 24.5 6.7 4.9 4.7 5.4 6.0 4.1 5.0 3.0 

8 Allahabad U/S (733 km) 733 6.4 11.4 6.9 1.8 13.0 8.0 8.5 5.5 8.4 4.8 5.0 3.0 

9 Allahabad D/S (743 km) 743 6.6 15.5 7.2 1.9 8.2 3.8 8.4 3.1 7.7 3.2 5.0 3.0 

10 Varanasi U/S (908 km) 908 5.6 10.1 8.2 0.8 10.8 3.0 8.6 2.0 7.5 2.2 5.0 3.0 

11 Varanasi D/S (916 km) 916 5.9 10.6 7.6 1.0 7.5 2.5 8.3 2.3 7.3 3.0 5.0 3.0 

12 Patna U/S (1188 km) 1188 8.4 2.0 8.2 1.2 7.1 1.9 7.4 2.0 6.0 1.7 5.0 3.0 

13 Patna D/S (1198 km) 1198 8.1 2.2 8.0 1.5 7.1 2.0 8.0 2.2 5.9 2.4 5.0 3.0 

14 Rajmahal (1508 km) 1508 7.8 1.8 8.5 0.7 7.9 1.5 7.4 1.8 6.2 2.0 5.0 3.0 

15 Patna (2050 km) 2050 7.3 1.0 7.1 0.9 7.3 2.7 7.0 3.0 6.9 2.2 5.0 3.0 

16 Ulberia (2500 km) 2500 5.8 1.1 6.1 0.9 5.4 1.9 5.4 2.6 5.3 3.6 5.0 3.0 

29

Classification of Ganga Water at Various Locations According to 

Designated Best Use 

30 


Annexure -V 

Locations Desired 

Observed Class and Critical Parameter 

Class 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2008* 

Ganga at Rishikesh A D 

B 

C NA C B 

CF CF CF 

CF 

Haridwar B C 

C 

C NA C B 

CF CF CF 

CF 

Garhmuktesar (UP) B B 

- D NA D NA 

BOD 

BOD 

BOD, CF 

Kannauj u/s U.P. B D 

D 

D D 

D C 

BOD, CF BOD CF BOD, CF BOD, CF CF 

Kannuaj d/s U.P. B D 

D 

D D 

D C 

BOD, CF BOD CF BOD, CF BOD, CF BOD, CF 

Kanpur u/s U.P. B D 

NA D D 

D D 

BOD, CF 

CF CF CF CF 

Kanpur d/s U.P. B D 

D 

D D 

D D 

BOD, CF BOD CF BOD,CF BOD,CF BOD, CF 

Raibareilly U.P. B D 

D 

C NA NA NA 

CF CF CF 

Allahabad u/s U.P. B D 

E 

D NA NA C 

BOD, CF CF CF 

CF, BOD 

Allahabad d/s U.P. B D 

E 

D NA NA D 

BOD, CF CF CF 

BOD, CF 

Varanasi u/s U.P. B D 

D 

D - D D 

BOD, CF BOD CF 

CF BOD, CF 

Varanasi d/s U.P. B E 

E 

D NA NA D 

DO, BOD, 

CF 

BOD, DO BOD 

BOD, CF 

Gazipur U.P. B D 

D 

D D 

NA NA 

BOD, CF BOD BOD CF 

Buxar B D 

D 

D D 

D C 

BOD CF CF CF CF CF 

Patna u/s B D 

D 

D D 

D NA 

CF CF CF CF CF 

Patna d/s B D 

D 

D D 

D NA 

CF CF CF CF CF 

Rajmahal B D 

D 

D D 

D D 

CF CF CF CF CF CF 

Palta (WB) B D 

B NA D 

D D 

BOD 

BOD, CF BOD, CF CF 

Uluberia (WB) B D B NA D D D 

BOD, CF BOD, CF

References 

1. Das Gupta, S.P. “The Ganga Basin, Basin Sub- 

Basin Inventory of Water Pollution, Part II 

(Excluding the Yamuna Sub-Basin),” Centre for 

Study of Man and Environment, 1984. 

2. Krishna Murti, C.R., Bilgrami, K.S., Das. T.M. and 

Mathur, R.P., “The Ganga A Scientific Study”, 

Northern Book Depot, New Delhi, 1991. 

3. Report of the Committee Constituted to 

Recommend Measures for Improvement in “The 

Ganga Action Plan”, Ministry of Environment & 

Forests, Govt. of India, New Delhi, March 1999. 

4. Bulletin for Water Quality Monitoring, 

Performance of Sewage Treatment Plant and 

Summer Average, Ministry of Environment & 

Forests, Govt. of India, New Delhi, July-Dec 2002. 

5. Markandya, A. & Murty, M.N., "Cost benefit 

analysis of cleaning the Ganges: some emerging 

environment and development issues," 

Environment and Development Economics, 

Cambridge University Press, vol. 9(01), pages 

61-81, February 2004 

6. Bulletin for Water Quality Monitoring, Summer 

Averages Performance Monitoring of Sewage 

Treatment Plants (STPs), Water Quality Data, 

Ministry of Environment & Forests, Govt. of India, 

New Delhi, January-June 2004. 

7. Lacy Shaw, “Modeling the Efficacy of the Ganga 

Action Plan's Restoration of the Ganga River, 

India”, Thesis, Natural Resources and 

Environment at the University of Michigan, Aug. 

2006, 

8. Lok Sabha Starred Question No. 70, Ganga 

Action Plan, Ministry of Environment and Forests, 

Government of India, Nov. 27, 2006. 

31 

9. Report for the Working Group on Rivers Lakes 

and Aquifers, For Eleventh Plan, Vol I, National 

River Conservation Directorate, Ministry of 

Environment & Forests, Govt. of India, New Delhi, 

March 2007. 

10. Jain S K, et al; “Hydrology and water resources of 

India”, Volume 57, Water Science and Technology 

Library, Springer 2007, pp 333 469 

11. M.I.S. Report of Programmes, National River 

Conservation Plan,, Ministry of Environment & 

Forests, Govt. of India, New Delhi, Vol.-I, 2007. 

12. Roy Nanigopal and Sinha Rajiv, “Understanding 

Confluence Dynamics in the Alluvial Ganga- 

Ramganga Valley, India: An Integrated Approach 

using Geomorphology and Hydrology”, 

Geomorphology 92, pp. 182 - 197, May 2007. 

13. Water Quality Bulletin on River Water Quality 

Monitoring and Performance Monitoring of 

Sewage Treatment Plants (STPs), National River 

Conservation Directorate, Ministry of 

Environment & Forests, Govt. of India, New Delhi, 

January-June 2007. 

14. Water Quality Monitoring for Ganga, NRCD, 

MOEF, New Delhi, Jan - June 2008. 

15. M.I.S. Report of Programmes, National River 

Conservation Plan, Ministry of Environment & 

Forests, Govt. of India, Vol-II, Sept. 2008. 

16. M.I.S. Report of Programmes Under, National 

River Conservation Plan, Ministry of Environment 

& Forests, Govt. of India, New Delhi, Vol-III, Sept. 

2008. 

17. Ganga Action Plan-A Critical Analysis, Eco 

Friends, Kanpur (undated)

http://cpcb.nic.in/Water/data_search_yamuna2004.jpg 

http://cpcb.nic.in/Water/data_search_yamuna2004.jpg01/12/2007 17:54:28

Water Quality of River Ganga and Yamuna At Allahabad ( UP) during Maghmela (Ardh 

Kumbha) 2007 

Location pH Colour 

Yamuna at 

Naini Bridge 

(U/s 

Sangam) 

Ganga at 

Shstri Bridge 

(U/s 

sangam) 

(hazen) 

Cond 

( µs/cm) 

23.01.2007 

COD 

(mg/l) 

DO 

(mg/l) 

8:00 

am 

12:00 

pm 

4:00 pm 

8.2 15 456 8.9 

8.5 

8.9 

8.7 35 315 10.4 

9.7 

9.9 

Sangam 8.8 25 311 9.9 

11.5 

11.5 

Yamuna at 

Karella bagh 


Phaphamau 

u/s Sangam 


Diha Ghat 

d/s 

Allahabad 


(hazen) 

Yamuna at 

Naini Bridge 

(U/s Sangam) 

Ganga at Shstri 

Bridge (U/s 

Sangam) 

8.3 15 464 8.7 

8.7 

9.1 

8.6 35 310 10.6 

11.0 

11.6 

8.4 20 412 9.7 

9.9 

9.6 

Cond 

(µs/cm) 

COD 

(mg/l) 

21.01.2007 

DO 

(mg/l) 

Cl 

(mg/l) 

Cl 

(mg/l) 

BOD 

(mg/l) 

TC 

MPN/ 

100ml 

FC 

MPN/ 

100ml 

8:00 am 

12:00 pm 

4:00 pm 

38.7 1.9 5x10 3 

7x10 3 

1.7 x10 3 

16.9 5.5 5x10 3 

3 x 10 3 

2.2 x10 3 

17.9 5.3 3 x10 3 

2.2 x10 3 

3 x10 3 

38.7 2.2 7 x10 3 

3 x10 3 

2.3 x10 3 

16.9 7 1.7x10 3 

2.2 x10 3 

1.3 x10 3 

30.1 4.2 5 x10 3 

BOD 

(mg/l) 

TC 

MPN/ 

100ml 

2.7 x10 3 

2.2 x10 3 

FC 

MPN/ 

100ml 

8.6 15 459 12 9.5 43.9 1.7 x10 4 5.0x10 3 

8.5 35 319 19 11.4 16.4 7 x10 3 2.1x10 3

Sangam 8.7 25 325 21 10.3 21 3 x10 3 1.7x10 3 


(hazen) 

Yamuna at 

Naini Bridge 

(U/s Sangam) 


Shstri Bridge 

(U/s sangam) 

Cond 

(µs/cm) 

19.01.2007 

COD 

(mg/l) 

DO 

(mg/l) 

8:00 am 

12:00 

pm 4:00 

pm 

8.7 15 469 18 9.26 

9.99 

9.95 

8.9 35 305 34 11.2 

11.2 

11.1 

Sangam 8.98 25 303 23 10.1 

9.4 

11 

Yamuna at 

Karella bagh 


Phaphamau 

u/s Sangam 

Ganga at Diha 

Ghat d/s 

Allahabad 


(hazen) 

Yamuna at 

Naini Bridge 

(U/s 

Sangam) 


Shstri 

Bridge (U/s 

Sangam) 

8.5 15 445 22 9.23 

9.44 

9.47 

8.9 35 306 33 11.6 

11.8 

10.7 

8.9 20 422 16 10. 2 

10. 3 

10 .4 

Cond 

(µs/cm) 

18.01.2007 

COD 

(mg/l) 

DO 

(mg/l) 

Cl 

(mg/l) 

BOD 

(mg/l) 

TC 

MPN/ 

100ml 

8:00 am 

12:00 pm 

4:00 pm 

47 1.3 1.7 x10 4 

2.2 x10 4 

8 x10 3 

17 6.8 5 x10 4 

2.4 x10 4 

3 x10 4 

16 6.2 1.1 x10 4 

2.2 x10 4 

2.8 x10 4 

49 1.2 3 x10 4 

1.7 x10 4 

2.8 x10 4 

18 7.1 3 x10 3 

1.1 x10 4 

1.3 x10 4 

39 3.7 2.4 x10 4 

5 x10 4 

2.8 x10 4 

Cl 

(mg/l) 

BOD 

(mg/l) 

TC 

MPN/ 

100ml 

FC 

MPN/ 

100ml 

8:00 am 

12:00 pm 

4:00 pm 

7 x10 3 

1.1x10 4 

8 x10 3 

1.7 x10 4 

8 x10 3 

1.3x10 4 

5x10 3 

1.1x10 4 

1.4x10 4 

1.3 x10 4 

8 x10 3 

1.1x10 4 

1.3 x10 3 

5 x10 3 

3 x10 3 

5 x10 3 

1.7 x10 4 

8 x10 3 

FC 

MPN/ 

100ml 

8.5 15 546 9.6 10.2 48.1 1.0 1.4 x10 4 7 x10 3 

8.7 35 350 38.1 12.0 17.0 4.8 2.2 x10 3 1.3x10 3 

Sangam 8.7 20 484 16.4 10.9 37.0 2.7 2.3 x10 3 8.0x10 2 

17.01.2007


Yamuna at 

Naini 

Bridge (U/s 

Sangam) 


Shastri 

Bridge 

(U/s 

sangam) 

(hazen) 

Cond 

(µs/cm) 

DO 

(mg/l) 

Cl 

(mg/l) 

COD 

Mg/l 

BOD 

(mg/l) 

TC 

MNP/ 

100ml 

FC 

MNP/ 

100ml 

8.4 10 517 9.7 45 3.7 1.1 8 x10 3 3 x10 3 

8.8 35 335 12.0 18 30.8 7.6 8 x10 2 4 x10 2 

Sangam 8.7 20 405 11.3 28 14.6 3.0 1.7 x10 3 8 x10 2 


(hazen) 

Yamuna at 

Naini Bridge 

(U/s Sangam) 


Shstri Bridge 

(U/s Sangam) 

Cond 

(µs/cm) 

16.01.2007 

COD 

(mg/l) 

DO 

(mg/l) 

Cl 

(mg/l) 

BOD 

(mg/l) 

TC 

MPN/ 

100ml 

FC 

MPN/ 

100ml 

8.5 15 554 11 9.3 49 1.1 1.1x10 4 3.3x10 3 

8.9 35 372 32 10.7 22 5.5 5.0x10 3 2.2x10 3 

Sangam 8.7 20 475 21 9.9 36 3.0 3.3x10 3 2.6x10 3 

Location PH Colour 

Yamuna at 

Naini 

Bridge (U/s 

Sangam) 


Shstri 

Bridge (U/s 

sangam) 

(hazen) 

Cond 

(µs/cm) 

COD 

(mg/l) 

15.01.2007 

DO 

(mg/l) 

Cl 

(mg/l) 

BOD 

(mg/l) 

TC 

MPN/ 

100ml 

FC 

MPN/ 

100ml 

8.6 15 560 11 9 49 2.1 1.7x10 4 5 x 10 3 

8.8 35 360 33 11.2 26 5.9 2.8x10 4 3.3 x 10 3 

Sangam 8.7 20 452 23 9.2 37 5.3 1.1x10 4 2.3 x 10 3 

15.01.2007

Location PH Colour 

Yamuna at 

Naini Bridge 

(U/s 

Sangam) 


Shstri 

Bridge(U/s 

sangam) 

(hazen) 

Cond 

(µs/cm) 

COD 

(mg/l) 

DO 

(mg/l) 

Cl 

(mg/l) 

BOD 

(mg/l) 

TC 

MPN/ 

100ml 

FC 

MPN/ 

100ml 

8.6 15 560 11 9 49 2.1 1.7x10 4 5 x 10 3 

8.8 35 360 33 11.2 26 5.9 2.8x10 4 3.3 x 10 3 

Sangam 8.7 20 452 23 9.2 37 5.3 1.1x10 4 2.3 x 10 3 

Locati 

on 

Yamun 

a at 

Naini 

Bridge 

(U/s 

Sanga 

m) 


at 

Shstri 

Bridge 

(U/s 

sanga 

m) 

Sanga 

m 

Yamun 

a at 

Karella 

bagh 


at 

Phapha 

mau 

u/s 

Sanga 

m 

p 

H 

8. 

5 

8. 

8 

8. 

6 

8. 

4 

8. 

9 

Colo 

ur 

(haz 

en) 

Con 

d 

(µs/c 

m) 

CO 

D 

(m 

g/l) 

8.00 

AM 

DO 

(mg/l) 

12 

No 

on 

14.01.2007 

4.00 

PM 

Cl 

(m 

g/l) 

15 565 9.9 9.5 9.2 9.2 47. 

2 

35 375 40. 

8 

25 440 25. 

8 

15 559 12. 

9 

35 557 36. 

5 

10.5 11. 

6 

10.1 10. 

2 

12.4 28. 

7 

9.8 32. 

4 

9.4 9.6 8.9 49. 

1 

11.0 12. 

0 

12.0 20. 

4 

BO 

D 

(m 

g/l) 

8.00 

AM 

1.8 2.2x 

10 4 

5.9 3.0x 

10 4 

5.2 8.0x 

10 3 

1.9 2.4x 

10 4 

5 5.0x 

10 3 

TC MNP/ 

100ml 

12 

Noo 

n 

1.4x 

10 4 

2.2x 

10 4 

1.3x 

10 4 

4.00 

PM 

1.4x 

10 4 

2.4x 

10 4 

1.4x 

10 4 

8.00 

AM 

9.0x 

10 3 

1.1x 

10 4 

5.0x 

10 3 

FC MNP/ 

100ml 

12 

Noo 

n 

Ganga 8. 20 490 21. 9.2 10. 11.1 39. 5 1.3x 3.0x 2.6x 8.0x 1.3x 1.3x 

1.7x 

10 4 

8.0x 

10 3 

1.7x 

10 4 

9.0x 

10 3 

2.7x 

10 3 

5.0x 

10 3 

7.0x 

10 3 

9.0x 

10 3 

5.0x 

10 3 

8.0x 

10 3 

2.7x 

10 3 

4.00 

PM 

5.0x 

10 3 

8.0x 

10 3 

7.0x 

10 3 

7.0x 

10 3 

3.0x 

10 3

at Diha 

Ghat 

d/s 

Allahab 

ad 


Yamuna at 

Naini 

Bridge (U/s 

Sangam) 


Shstri 

Bridge (U/s 

sangam) 

5 3 7 8 10 4 10 4 10 4 10 3 10 4 10 4 

(hazen) 

Cond 

(µs/cm) 

COD 

(mg/l) 

13.01.2007 

DO 

(mg/l) 

Cl 

(mg/l) 

BOD 

(mg/l) 

TC 

MNP/ 

100ml 

FC 

MNP/ 

100ml 

8.3 15 580 12 8.9 53 2.5 1.1x10 4 5.0x10 3 

8.7 35 385 31 11.4 19 5.0 9.0x10 3 5.0x10 3 

Sangam 8.6 20 527 18 9.6 38 4.1 7.0x10 3 2.3x10 3 


Yamuna at 

Naini Bridge 

(U/s 

Sangam) 


Shstri 

Bridge (U/s 

sangam) 

(hazen) 

Cond 

(µs/cm) 

12.01.2007 

COD 

(mg/l) 

DO 

(mg/l) 

Cl 

(mg/l) 

BOD 

(mg/l) 

TC 

MNP/ 

100ml 

8.3 15 555 11 9 53 1.8 5.0x10 3 - 

8.7 40 390 31 11.2 19 5.8 2.3x10 3 - 

Sangam 8.4 20 516 16 9.6 42 3.5 3.0x10 3 - 

S. No. Location pH Colour 

(hazen) 

1. Yamuna at 

Naini Bridge 

(U/s 

Sangam) 

Cond 

(µs/cm) 

11.01.2007 

COD 

(mg/l) 

DO 

(mg/l) 

CL 

(mg/l) 

BOD 

(mg/l) 

TC 

MNP 

/100ml 

FC 

MNP/ 

100ml 

FC 

MNP 

/100ml 

8.5 15 565 12 8.6 51 1.0 8.0x10 3 5.0x10 3

2. Ganga at 

Shastri 

Bridge (U/s 

Sangam) 

8.9 40 426 35 11.2 22 5.6 7.0x10 3 5.0x10 3 

3. Sangam 8.8 25 523 17 8.9 40 3.2 5.0x10 3 2.2x10 3 

S. No. Location pH Colour 

1. Yamuna at 

Naini Bridge 

(U/s 

Sangam) 


Shastri 

Bridge (U/s 

Sangam) 

(hazen) 

Cond 

(µs/cm) 

10.01.2007 

COD 

(mg/l) 

DO 

(mg/l) 

CL 

(mg/l) 

BOD 

(mg/l) 

TC 

MNP 

/100ml 

FC 

MNP 

/100ml 

8.2 15 530 12 9.4 49 1.8 2.6x10 4 1.7x10 4 

8.7 40 412 34 11.6 20 5.2 2.2x10 4 1.3x10 4 

3. Sangam 8.6 25 480 18 10.2 39 3.2 1.1x10 4 7.0x10 3 

S. 

No. 


1. Yamuna at 

Naini Bridge 

(U/s 

Sangam) 


Shastri 

Bridge (U/s 

Sangam) 

(hazen) 

Cond 

(µs/cm) 

09.01.2007 

COD 

(mg/l) 

DO 

(mg/l) 

CL 

(mg/l) 

BOD 

(mg/l) 

TC 

MNP 

/100ml 

FC 

MNP 

/100ml 

8.5 15 516 12 9.2 51 1.6 9.0x10 4 5.0x10 4 

8.9 40 420 36 10.7 19 5.2 1.1x10 4 7.0x10 3 

3. Sangam 8.8 25 460 26 8.9 30 4.0 1.3x10 4 3.4x10 3 

S. 

No. 


1. Yamuna at 

Naini Bridge 

(U/s Sangam) 


Shastri 

(hazen) 

Cond 

(µs/cm) 

08.01.2007 

COD 

(mg/l) 

DO 

(mg/l) 

CL 

(mg/l) 

BOD 

(mg/l) 

TC 

MNP 

/100ml 

FC 

MNP 

/100ml 

8.3 15 534 12 9.4 49 1.5 5.0x10 4 1.7x10 4 

8.8 40 420 37 11.9 19 5.4 1.1x10 4 5.0x10 3

Bridge (U/s 

Sangam) 

3. Sangam 8.7 35 470 24 10.1 32 3.7 1.7x10 3 8.0x10 2 

S. 

No. 


(hazen) 

1. Yamuna at 

Naini 

Bridge (U/s 

Sangam) 


Shastri 

Bridge (U/s 

Sangam) 

Cond 

(µs/cm) 

COD 

(mg/l) 

07.01.2007 

DO 

(mg/l) 

CL 

(mg/l) 

BOD 

(mg/l) 

TC 

MNP 

/100ml 

FC 

MNP 

/100ml 

8.2 15 530 12 8.1 48 2.9 5.0x10 4 2.2x10 4 

8.9 40 398 38 9 22 5.1 2.2x10 4 1.7x10 4 

3. Sangam 8.7 35 444 29 9.6 30 4.9 8.0x10 3 8.0x10 3

RIVER GANGA & ITS TRIBUTARIES 

RIVER/ 

TRIBUTARY 

GANGA 

GANGA 

GANGA 

GANGA 

GANGA 

GANGA 

GANGA 

GANGA 

GANGA 

GANGA 

GANGA 

GANGA 

GANGA 

GANGA 

GANGA 

GANGA 

GANGA 

GANGA 

GANGA 

GANGA 

GANGA 

GANGA 

GANGA 

GANGA 

GANGA 

LOCATION 

TEMPERATURE pH CONDUCTIVITY D.O. B.O.D. C.O.D. FAECAL COLIFORM TOTAL COLIFORM NITRITE NITRATE 

AMMONICAL 

NITROGEN 

MIN MAX AVG MIN MAX AVG MIN MAX AVG MIN MAX AVG MIN MAX AVG MIN MAX AVG MIN MAX AVG MIN MAX AVG MIN MAX AVG MIN MAX AVG MIN MAX AVG 

BHAGIRATHI AT 

GANGOTRI, UTTAR 

PRADESH 

MANDAKINI B/C 

4 4 4 7.3 7.3 7.3 72 72 72 8.3 8.3 8.3 1.0 1.0 1.0 8.0 8.0 8.0 40 40 40 1500 1500 1500 0.004 0.004 0.004 0.094 0.094 0.094 1.030 1.030 1.030 

ALKALNADA AT 

RUDRAPRAYAG, 

UTTAR PRADESH 

ALKANANDA A/C 

12 17 15 7.2 8.9 7.8 49 136 96 10.0 10.1 10.1 1.0 1.0 1.0 2.0 8.0 4.7 60 3100 1050 3000 52000 18650 0.005 0.005 0.005 0.220 0.378 0.303 0.045 0.150 0.098 

MANDAKINI AT 

RUDRAPRAYAG, 

UTTAR PRADESH 

ALKANANDA B/C 

12 19 15 7.2 8.2 7.8 111 149 131 8.3 10.9 9.8 1.0 2.0 1.3 6.0 27.0 14.0 140 1100 620 9000 16000 12500 0.005 0.022 0.013 0.260 4.600 1.783 0.157 0.484 0.321 

MANDAKINI AT 

RUDRA PRAYAG, 

UTTAR PRADESH 

BHAGIRATHI B/C 

12 19 16 6.8 8.2 7.5 123 142 134 8.2 11.0 9.8 1.0 1.0 1.0 9.0 10.0 9.5 70 2600 1040 5000 15000 11333 0.005 0.005 0.005 0.170 0.236 0.203 0.557 0.557 0.557 

WITH ALAKNANDA 

AT DEVPRAYAG, U.P 

ALKANANDA A/C 

11 19 16 7.5 8.2 7.9 92 151 120 8.4 9.8 9.3 1.0 2.0 1.3 5.0 14.0 9.7 910 8800 4855 45000 51000 48000 0.003 0.007 0.005 0.350 1.010 0.595 0.050 0.996 0.523 

WITH BHAGIRATHI 

AT DEVPRAYAG, 

UTTAR PRADESH 

ALKANANDA B/C TO 

15 20 18 7.9 8.1 8.0 108 170 136 8.1 10.3 9.3 1.0 2.0 1.3 8.0 14.0 10.3 3300 7700 5500 38000 81000 59500 0.004 0.006 0.005 0.307 0.940 0.542 0.225 0.388 0.306 

BHAGIRATHI AT 

DEVPRAYAG, UTTAR 

PRADESH 

11 20 16 7.4 8.1 7.8 114 148 136 7.1 9.9 8.7 1.0 2.0 1.5 8.0 15.0 11.5 45 2700 1012 19000 63000 40667 0.003 0.007 0.005 0.290 0.307 0.298 0.444 0.444 0.444 

GANGA AT 

RISHIKESH U/S, U.P 

13 19 16 7.5 7.5 7.5 - - - 4.8 10.5 8.8 0.8 1.8 1.3 5.2 7.2 6.1 40 170 108 240 1600 853 - - - - - - - - - 

GANGA AT 

HARIDWAR D/S, U.P 

GANGA AT 

13 20 17 7.5 8.0 7.6 - - - 8.0 8.9 8.5 2.0 2.8 2.3 8.4 12.0 9.7 170 300 260 1600 21600 9388 - - - - - - - - - 

GARHMUKTESHWAR, 

U.P 

GANGA AT NARORA 

13 28 21 7.5 7.8 7.6 220 320 278 7.5 8.2 7.9 3.3 4.2 3.7 11.6 16.8 14.6 700 1300 1062 1600 2800 2264 - - - - - - 2.600 5.000 3.636 

(BULANDSAHAR), U. 

P. 

14 24 20 7.4 7.9 7.7 130 340 209 7.8 8.5 8.1 3.2 4.0 3.5 12.0 16.0 13.8 630 940 757 280 1400 957 - - - - - - 2.900 3.100 3.000 

GANGA AT KANNAUJ 

U/S (RAJGHAT), U.P 

16 28 24 7.3 8.3 7.8 220 382 326 5.3 7.7 6.4 1.0 4.0 2.3 37.0 37.0 37.0 400 2300 919 700 9300 3411 - - - 8.290 8.290 8.290 - - - 

GANGA AT KANNAUJ 

D/S, U.P 

11 30 23 7.3 8.7 7.9 246 573 405 5.2 7.8 6.4 1.2 6.6 3.3 - - - 900 2300 1478 2300 15000 7450 - - - - - - - - - 

GANGA AT BITHOOR 

( KANPUR ), U.P. 

16 29 24 7.4 8.4 7.9 228 532 355 5.6 8.6 6.7 1.0 6.0 2.6 - - - 400 2300 1022 2100 9300 4633 - - - - - - - - - 

GANGA AT KANPUR 

U/S (RANIGHAT), U.P 

GANGA AT KANPUR 

15 29 24 7.5 8.2 7.9 234 526 364 5.6 9.4 6.9 1.3 5.7 2.7 - - - 400 2300 1089 1100 7500 4490 - - - - - - - - - 

D/S (JAJMAU 

PUMPING STATION), 

U.P 

11 29 23 7.2 8.7 7.9 287 670 459 4.6 6.8 5.8 2.0 10.0 5.0 - - - 1500 15000 4911 4000 46000 16160 - - - - - - - - - 

GANGA AT DALMAU 

(RAI BAREILLY), U.P. 

GANGA AT 

16 34 26 7.5 7.8 7.7 251 439 327 8.1 9.8 8.8 2.4 3.2 2.7 17.6 19.6 18.7 35 9400 4589 47 18000 7305 0.020 0.260 0.113 0.250 0.250 0.250 0.006 0.006 0.006 

ALLAHABAD 

(RASOOLABAD), U.P. 

GANGA AT 

15 29 24 7.5 8.8 8.2 247 620 407 6.1 10.2 7.7 1.8 6.2 3.4 40.0 40.0 40.0 700 2200 1291 1400 24000 4008 0.012 1.800 0.185 0.010 7.000 3.259 0.106 0.106 0.106 

ALLAHABAD D/S 

(SANGAM), U.P. 

GANGA AT 

16 30 24 7.7 8.8 8.2 258 770 423 6.0 10.8 7.5 2.0 5.1 3.4 45.0 45.0 45.0 790 2400 1626 1700 35000 5891 0.015 1.700 0.178 0.002 6.800 3.555 0.114 0.114 0.114 

VARANASI U/S 

(ASSIGHAT), U.P 

GANGA AT 

25 31 27 7.2 7.6 7.4 - - - 8.5 9.1 8.8 2.2 3.6 2.8 7.2 11.6 9.6 1400 13000 9340 11000 21000 15200 - - - - - - - - - 

VARANASI D/S 

(MALVIYA BRIDGE), 

U.P 

25 32 28 8.1 8.8 8.5 - - - 6.4 8.2 7.3 8.4 24.8 16.3 15.3 47.2 32.1 70000 140000 106300 110000 220000 167000 - - - - - - - - - 

GANGA AT TRIGHAT 

(GHAZIPUR), U.P 

25 32 28 7.3 8.7 8.3 - - - 7.9 8.8 8.3 2.7 5.3 3.7 10.4 14.4 12.6 13000 22000 17200 21000 34000 28100 - - - - - - - - - 

GANGA AT BUXAR, 

BIHAR 

17 30 25 7.8 8.7 8.3 278 500 371 7.5 9.0 8.1 0.8 2.6 1.7 12.0 20.0 15.1 28 2400 1263 1300 16000 4467 - - - - - - - - - 

GANGA AT KHURJI, 

PATNA U/S, BIHAR 

GANGA AT PATNA D/ 

21 32 27 7.7 8.7 8.0 273 400 328 7.5 8.8 7.9 0.8 2.1 1.5 8.0 20.0 14.2 37 1400 882 700 3500 1833 - - - - - - - - - 

S ( GANGA BRIDGE ), 

BIHAR 

20 30 26 7.7 8.9 8.0 256 800 429 7.5 8.6 7.9 1.0 2.6 1.7 12.0 24.0 16.4 26 1700 1033 800 9000 4022 - - - - - - - - - 

http://cpcb.nic.in/Water/GANGA.html (1 of 5)03/12/2007 13:01:40


GANGA 

GANGA AT 

RAJMAHAL, BIHAR 

GANGA AT 

20 28 25 7.7 8.4 8.2 316 400 367 7.6 8.8 8.1 0.9 2.4 1.8 16.0 24.0 18.7 38 2200 1172 900 3500 2511 - - - - - - - - - 

GANGA BAHARAMPORE, 

WEST BENGAL 

GANGA AT 

16 31 27 7.5 8.2 8.0 179 372 277 6.0 9.2 7.1 1.2 3.3 2.2 30.0 30.0 30.0 4000 13000 7667 11000 50000 20333 0.002 0.014 0.007 0.140 0.330 0.234 0.500 0.500 0.500 

GANGA SERAMPORE, WEST 

BENGAL 

GANGA AT 

29 32 31 7.8 8.2 7.9 194 303 231 5.8 7.7 6.8 1.4 3.6 2.8 - - - 10000 350000 170000 35000 700000 378333 0.008 0.023 0.017 0.140 0.270 0.203 - - - 

GANGA DAKSHINESHWAR, 

WEST BENGAL 

GANGA AT HOWRAH- 

18 33 28 7.5 8.1 7.8 184 377 289 4.8 9.2 6.2 1.6 5.5 3.8 4.7 4.7 4.7 105000 1200000 406667 250000 4500000 1150000 0.004 0.060 0.020 0.147 0.647 0.279 0.020 0.020 0.020 

GANGA SHIVPUR, WEST 

BENGAL 

GANGA AT GARDEN 

28 33 30 7.1 7.9 7.6 188 324 243 4.8 6.3 5.5 1.3 2.3 1.8 - - - 10000 150000 91667 20000 550000 306667 0.026 0.081 0.048 0.060 0.180 0.113 - - - 

GANGA REACH, WEST 

BENGAL 

GANGA AT 

28 32 30 7.6 7.8 7.7 194 324 248 5.2 7.0 5.9 2.0 3.9 2.8 - - - 115000 550000 271667 350000 850000 533333 0.030 0.061 0.044 0.070 0.180 0.133 - - - 

GANGA ULUBERIA, WEST 

BENGAL 

20 33 28 7.5 8.3 7.8 230 371 301 4.0 8.7 6.0 0.8 27.0 5.5 33.0 33.0 33.0 13000 280000 84250 33000 900000 205583 0.005 0.020 0.012 0.094 0.210 0.160 0.020 0.020 0.020 

GANGA 

GANGA AT PALTA, 

WEST BENGAL 

GANGA AT DIAMOND 

19 32 28 7.5 8.3 8.0 191 366 276 6.0 9.5 7.2 1.7 3.3 2.4 30.0 30.0 30.0 11000 70000 35250 50000 400000 119583 0.003 0.009 0.005 0.180 0.600 0.388 - - - 

GANGA HARBOUR, WEST 

BENGAL 

30 31 30 7.7 8.0 7.9 228 1323 607 4.7 7.5 6.1 0.8 2.0 1.3 - - - 200 13000 5400 2600 17000 8867 0.003 0.017 0.010 0.240 0.320 0.293 - - - 

TONS (HP) TONS RIVER , H.P 

YAMUNA AT 

16 21 18 7.2 8.0 7.5 120 403 212 8.5 10.4 9.4 1.0 1.0 1.0 3.0 3.0 3.0 90 120 105 5200 8000 6600 0.002 0.002 0.002 0.260 0.260 0.260 - - - 

YAMUNA YAMUNOTRI, UTTAR 

PRADESH 

YAMUNA AT 

7 7 7 7.3 7.3 7.3 45 45 45 7.3 7.3 7.3 1.0 1.0 1.0 2.0 2.0 2.0 40 40 40 500 500 500 0.001 0.001 0.001 0.212 0.212 0.212 0.078 0.078 0.078 

YAMUNA HANUMANCHATTI, 

UTTAR PRADESH 

10 10 10 - - - - - - 8.0 8.0 8.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 3.0 3.0 3.0 1240 1240 1240 3500 3500 3500 0.004 0.004 0.004 0.236 0.236 0.236 0.326 0.326 0.326 

YAMUNA 

YAMUNA AT U/S OF 

LAKHWAR DAM, U.P 

YAMUNA AT U/ S 

14 23 18 7.0 8.4 7.7 164 263 202 8.4 9.7 9.1 1.0 1.0 1.0 4.0 9.0 6.5 120 1370 458 1500 98000 31975 0.002 0.035 0.019 0.189 0.380 0.281 0.123 0.191 0.157 

YAMUNA DAK PATTHAR, 

UTTAR PARDESH 

14 27 19 7.7 7.7 7.7 245 245 245 8.4 10.4 9.5 1.0 1.0 1.0 2.0 12.0 5.8 120 8200 2847 15000 107000 65333 0.003 0.250 0.086 0.331 1.040 0.528 0.157 0.428 0.276 

YAMUNA 

RIVER YAMUNA , U/S 

PAONTA SAHIB, H.P 

17 22 20 8.3 9.9 8.9 491 1920 968 7.6 9.0 8.0 1.3 3.0 2.0 28.0 28.0 28.0 43 49 46 110 130 118 - - - - - - - - - 

YAMUNA 

RIVER YAMUNA , D/S 

PAONTA SAHIB, H.P 

YAMUNA AT 

21 22 22 8.1 10.0 8.9 745 1750 1123 7.1 8.9 7.7 2.8 6.5 4.8 56.0 56.0 56.0 63 94 76 140 180 157 - - - - - - - - - 

YAMUNA HATHNIKUND, 

HARYANA 

YAMUNA AT 

13 25 20 6.8 8.4 7.7 144 3500 548 6.7 12.7 9.5 1.0 3.0 1.4 1.0 20.0 7.9 40 8000 1985 130 1750000 252875 - - - - - - - - - 

YAMUNA KALANAUR, YAMUNA 

NAGAR, HARYANA 

14 31 23 6.6 8.4 7.9 157 963 368 6.1 10.7 8.6 1.0 2.0 1.3 1.0 18.0 7.0 160 17200 3959 4100 20100000 1971373 - - - - - - - - - 

YAMUNA 

YAMUNA AT 

SONEPAT, HARYANA 

YAMUNA AT 

14 31 23 7.2 8.3 7.8 185 960 403 5.2 9.2 7.2 1.0 3.0 1.9 2.0 43.0 16.8 270 119000 14875 7200 21800000 2328645 - - - - - - - - - 

YAMUNA WAZIRABAD, DELHI , 

CPCB 

14 32 24 7.4 8.6 8.0 184 518 362 5.6 12.3 8.1 1.0 2.0 1.3 3.0 22.0 11.6 120 7000 1943 400 4350000 427425 - - - - - - - - - 

YAMUNA 

YAMUNA AT 

NIZAMUDDIN, DELHI 

YAMUNA AT OKHLA 

14 30 26 6.8 8.0 7.4 245 1240 896 1.3 4.6 2.8 4.0 36.0 22.1 14.0 113.0 66.3 40000 199000000 18036333 500000 890000000 102508333 - - - - - - - - - 

YAMUNA 

BRIDGE (INLET OF 

AGRA CANAL ), 

DELHI 

RIVER YAMUNA AT 

OKHLA AFTER 

13 32 25 7.0 7.9 7.5 276 1150 702 0.3 3.9 1.6 5.0 23.0 12.8 16.0 97.0 50.2 20000 97000000 15295083 101000 262000000 37522583 - - - - - - - - - 

YAMUNA MEETING OF 

SHAHDARA DRAIN, 

DELHI 

- - - 7.0 7.9 7.4 220 1084 654 1.1 3.5 2.3 6.0 58.0 34.8 38.0 187.0 104.0 75000 18400000 4070833 240000 1070000000 202728333 - - - - - - - - - 

YAMUNA 

YAMUNA AT 

MAZAWALI, U.P 

2 33 24 6.9 8.4 7.8 278 1680 1026 1.1 6.8 3.4 6.0 25.0 13.4 22.0 89.0 54.5 1800 880000 164883 42000 17200000 2312667 - - - - - - - - - 

YAMUNA 

YAMUNA AT 

MATHURA U/S , U.P. 

10 35 25 7.3 8.5 7.9 455 1890 1171 3.3 8.1 6.0 3.0 22.0 10.0 15.0 65.0 39.9 1700 100000 32933 12000 7200000 1096667 - - - - - - - - - 

YAMUNA 

YAMUNA AT 

MATHURA D/S , U.P. 

13 35 25 7.2 8.7 7.9 365 1940 1078 3.0 13.5 6.8 5.0 16.0 9.0 20.0 94.0 41.8 2300 1610000 202100 90000 10400000 2565833 - - - - - - - - - 

YAMUNA 

YAMUNA AT AGRA U/ 

S, U.P. 

13 36 26 7.5 9.2 8.2 376 1900 1037 4.0 22.8 9.7 4.0 25.0 11.8 15.0 93.0 42.8 3400 150000 34267 28000 2700000 748250 - - - - - - - - - 

YAMUNA 

YAMUNA AT D/S OF 

LAKHWAR DAM, U.P. 

13 34 26 6.7 8.9 7.9 460 1980 1133 3.5 14.8 7.4 4.0 43.0 19.8 16.0 155.0 69.1 92000 203000000 34578167 2100000 1710000000 332341667 - - - - - - - - - 



YAMUNA 

YAMUNA AT 

BATESWAR, U.P 

18 34 27 7.6 9.3 8.4 343 2110 939 4.5 19.1 10.5 1.0 16.0 8.7 6.0 91.0 44.5 1700 250000 34092 93000 45000000 7437750 - - - - - - - - - 

YAMUNA 

YAMUNA AT 

ETAWAH, U.P. 

YAMUNA AT JUHIKA 

17 38 28 7.6 9.2 8.4 455 2220 1122 4.1 16.1 9.4 1.0 19.0 8.8 12.0 75.0 44.6 3700 750000 172800 134000 171000000 22327000 - - - - - - - - - 

YAMUNA B/C WITH CHANBAL, 

ETAWAH, U.P 

20 36 27 7.9 9.1 8.4 263 1280 704 5.5 17.5 10.2 1.0 8.0 3.8 5.0 65.0 23.0 1100 170000 17057 13500 3300000 682458 - - - - - - - - - 

YAMUNA 

YAMUNA AT 

ALLAHABAD . U.P. 

YAMUNA AT 

14 30 22 7.9 8.6 8.3 578 775 701 6.4 7.7 7.1 1.0 3.0 1.5 7.0 13.0 10.3 4000 18000 8450 166000 2830000 1054000 0.021 0.374 0.121 0.527 0.960 0.744 0.287 2.621 1.168 

YAMUNA ALLAHABAD D/S 

(BALUA GHAT), U.P 

KALINADI AT U/S OF 

16 30 25 7.7 8.7 8.2 232 917 556 6.3 9.9 7.7 1.2 3.2 2.0 20.0 20.0 20.0 340 2200 848 700 22000 3317 0.010 1.600 0.153 0.010 7.500 3.472 0.106 0.106 0.106 

KALINADI (E) GULAOTHI TOWN IN 

BULANDSAHAR, U.P. 

KALINADI AT 

20 32 29 6.4 8.3 7.4 800 1590 1169 - - - 75.0 149.0 109.0 357.0 552.0 441.0 500000 46000000 16366667 4300000 190000000 71433333 0.013 0.038 0.025 3.451 12.600 7.334 42.300 48.410 45.355 

KALINADI (E) KANNAUJ (BEFORE 

CONF.),U.P 

CHAMBAL AT NAGDA 

16 29 23 7.1 8.3 7.7 225 940 469 4.9 8.6 6.7 2.0 8.3 4.2 - - - 40 9000 3060 2800 75000 17770 - - - - - - - - - 

CHAMBAL U/S (WATER INTAKE 

POINT) M.P. 

22 25 24 7.8 8.5 8.1 292 410 367 6.6 7.1 6.8 2.1 2.1 2.1 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 

CHAMBAL 

CHAMBAL AT NAGDA 

D/S, M.P. 

CHAMBAL AT 

23 26 25 7.0 8.2 7.5 1984 8800 5499 1.0 1.0 1.0 10.0 10.0 10.0 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 

CHAMBAL GANDHI SAGAR 

DAM, RAMPURA, MP 

CHAMBAL AT KOTA 

26 26 26 8.0 8.2 8.1 432 514 473 7.0 7.2 7.1 1.2 1.2 1.2 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 

CHAMBAL 

U/S (INTAKE PT. 

NEAR BARRAGE), 

RAJASTHAN 

CHAMBAL AT KOTA 

27 35 30 7.5 8.5 8.1 220 360 292 4.7 6.8 5.9 0.3 3.6 1.3 8.5 8.5 8.5 14 28 22 28 2400 585 0.002 0.008 0.005 0.020 0.220 0.118 0.080 0.080 0.080 

CHAMBAL D/S (2 KM. FROM 

CITY),RAJASTHAN 

CHAMBAL AT 

RAMESHWARGHAT 

25 36 30 7.6 8.6 8.1 210 430 315 3.9 7.1 5.7 0.8 3.8 2.2 11.4 11.4 11.4 9 150 62 150 2400 1139 0.004 0.008 0.005 0.080 0.220 0.133 0.120 0.120 0.120 

CHAMBAL NR. 

SAWAIMADHOPUR, 

RAJASTHAN 

22 34 29 7.4 8.5 8.1 250 510 337 4.4 6.9 5.5 0.4 4.1 1.4 4.6 4.6 4.6 20 460 64 28 1100 487 0.004 0.008 0.006 0.080 0.380 0.165 0.300 0.300 0.300 

CHAMBAL 

R. CHAMBAL AT 

DHOLPUR, M.P 

CHAMBAL AT 

16 19 18 7.8 8.1 7.9 380 523 452 7.4 8.0 7.7 1.8 1.8 1.8 18.4 28.0 23.2 - - - - - - - - - - - - 0.220 0.220 0.220 

CHAMBAL 

ETAWAH BEFORE 

CONFL. TO R. 

YAMUNA, U.P. 

KHAN AT KABIT 

2 35 25 7.9 9.3 8.4 181 874 548 5.8 10.8 8.5 1.0 5.0 2.2 2.0 22.0 11.9 150 220000 20476 21000 14500000 2542583 - - - - - - - - - 

KHAN 

KHEDI (NEAR 

INDORE ) M.P. 

KSHIPRA AT 

21 25 23 6.2 6.5 6.3 1546 1546 1546 - - - 30.0 30.0 30.0 - - - 24 33 29 1600 1600 1600 - - - - - - - - - 

KSHIPRA RAMGHAT AT 

UJJAIN , M.P. 

KSHIPRA AT 

24 28 26 8.2 8.9 8.6 682 869 754 6.3 8.0 7.2 5.0 5.0 5.0 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 

KSHIPRA 

TRIVENISANGAM (1 

KM. D/S OF 

SANGAM), M.P. 

R.PARVATI NEAR 

24 28 25 7.8 8.8 8.2 498 1122 886 6.1 8.0 7.3 4.9 4.9 4.9 20.0 20.0 20.0 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 

PARVATI 

INTAKE POINT 

PILLUKHEDI DISTT. 

RAJGARH, M.P 

R.BETWA NEAR 

22 22 22 7.3 7.8 7.5 - - - 6.8 8.1 7.4 1.2 1.7 1.4 18.0 18.0 18.0 - - - 114 2400 1257 - - - - - - - - - 

BETWA INTAKE POINT, 

VIDISHA, M.P 

17 28 22 7.1 8.2 7.7 - - - 6.8 8.1 7.7 1.2 3.9 2.0 18.0 44.0 25.0 - - - 48 2400 748 - - - - - - 0.060 0.060 0.060 

BETWA GOVIND SAGAR, U.P 

BETWA BEFORE 

- - - 7.6 7.6 7.6 252 252 252 7.7 7.9 7.8 2.2 2.4 2.3 24.0 28.0 25.3 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 

BETWA CONF. YAMUNA AT 

HAMIRPUR, U.P. 

16 20 18 7.6 8.0 7.7 245 365 284 7.5 8.1 7.8 1.2 2.5 2.1 24.0 32.0 27.0 - - - 1100 1100 1100 - - - - - - - - - 

SINDH 

R. SINDH AT DABRA, 

M.P 

15 24 20 7.2 8.2 7.6 299 430 346 7.6 8.3 8.0 1.4 2.3 1.8 24.2 46.0 34.7 - - - 80 80 80 - - - - - - 0.200 0.600 0.433 

TONS (MP) 

TONS AT 

CHAKGHAT, M.P. 

20 25 22 7.1 8.0 7.5 - - - 6.8 8.0 7.2 1.8 2.8 2.3 - - - 50 220 125 140 600 398 - - - - - - - - - 

TONS (MP) 

TONS AT 

MADHAVGARH, M.P. 

- - - 7.9 9.1 8.5 - - - - - - 5.2 14.0 9.6 - - - 36 86 61 464 481 473 - - - - - - - - - 

SONE 

R.SONE AT ORIGINE 

AMARKANTAK, M.P 

23 23 23 7.1 7.1 7.1 - - - 4.3 4.3 4.3 0.9 0.9 0.9 - - - - - - 7 7 7 - - - - - - - - - 

SONE 

SONE AT CHACHAI, 

M.P. 

20 24 22 7.2 7.6 7.4 - - - 7.2 10.5 8.4 1.6 3.0 2.2 - - - 40 80 63 130 300 237 - - - - - - - - - 



SONE SONE AT AMLAI, M.P. 20 25 22 7.4 7.5 7.5 - - - 7.1 10.4 8.8 1.2 1.9 1.5 - - - 70 70 70 170 220 195 - - - - - - - - - 

SONE 

SONE 

JOHILA 

SANKH 

MANDAKINI 

GOHAD 

KOLAR 

RAMGANGA 

GOMTI 

GOMTI 

GOMTI 

GOMTI 

SAI 

SARYU 

GHAGHARA 

GHAGHARA 

HINDON 

HINDON 

HINDON 

RIHAND 

RIHAND 

RAPTI 

GANDAK 

DAMODAR 

R.SONE AT 

DEVLOAD OUT LET 

OF BANSAGAR DAM, 

M.P 

SONE AT KOELWAR, 

BIHAR 

R.JOHILA NEAR 

NAROJABAD NEAR 

UMARIA ROAD 

BRIDGE , M.P 

SANKH AT TIGRA 

RESERVOIR, M.P. 

MANDAKINI AT 

CHITRAKUT, M.P. 

GOHAD DAM, 

GOHAD, M.P 

KOLAR DAM WATER 

SUPPLY INTAKE 

WELL, DISTT. 

SEHORE, M.P 

RAMGANGA AT 

KANNAUJ (BEFORE 

CONF.),U.P 

GOMTI AT LUCKNOW 

U/S AT WATER 

INTAKE POINT,U.P. 

GOMTI AT LUCKNOW 

D/S, U.P. 

GOMTI AT SITAPUR 

U/S AT WATER 

INTAKE, U.P. 

GOMTI AT JAUNPUR 

D/S, U.P. 

SAI AT UNNAO 

AFTER DRAIN 

OUTFALL, U.P. 

SARYU AT AYODHYA 

AT MAIN BATHING 

GHAT, U.P. 

GHAGHARA AT 

DEORIA D/S, U.P. 

GHAGHARA NEAR 

CHAPRA, BIHAR 

HINDON AT 

SAHARANPUR D/S, U. 

P. 

HINDON AFTER 

CONFL. WITH R. 

KRISHNA & KALI 

NEAR BINAULI 

TOWN, MEERUT ,U.P. 

HINDON AT 

GHAZIABAD D/S, U.P. 

RIHAND AT 

RENUKUT U/S, U.P. 

RIHAND AT 

RENUKUT D/S, U.P. 

RAPTI AFTER 

CONFL. OF R. HONIN 

NR. DOMINGARH 

RLY BRIDGE , 

GORAKHPUR , U.P. 

GANDAK AT 

SONEPUR, PATNA 

(BEFORE CONFL.), 

BIHAR 

DAMODAR AT 

DISHERGARH VILL. 

(NR. BIHAR-WEST 

BENGAL BORDER), 

WEST BENGAL 

http://cpcb.nic.in/Water/GANGA.html (4 of 5)03/12/2007 13:01:40 

22 25 23 7.2 7.6 7.4 - - - 7.1 7.6 7.3 1.4 2.7 2.0 - - - 60 170 115 220 300 260 - - - - - - - - - 

15 32 24 7.8 8.7 8.1 119 250 191 7.5 9.2 8.1 0.6 2.0 1.4 16.0 24.0 18.7 500 2200 878 800 9000 2633 - - - - - - - - - 

19 23 21 7.1 7.8 7.4 - - - 8.6 10.6 9.3 1.0 2.8 1.7 - - - 30 220 118 110 350 278 - - - - - - 0.082 0.082 0.082 

12 22 19 7.1 7.9 7.6 161 360 234 7.2 8.4 7.9 1.5 2.2 1.8 25.9 36.0 29.8 - - - - - - - - - - - - 0.500 0.600 0.550 

- - - 8.1 8.1 8.1 - - - - - - 6.0 6.0 6.0 - - - 80 80 80 345 345 345 - - - - - - - - - 

18 19 19 7.5 7.8 7.7 268 369 319 7.9 8.1 8.0 1.9 2.1 2.0 20.0 40.0 30.0 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 

20 25 22 7.4 8.5 7.7 - - - 7.2 7.9 7.5 1.2 1.8 1.5 15.1 19.0 17.1 - - - 22 188 54 - - - - - - 0.020 0.020 0.020 

13 30 23 6.5 8.2 7.6 226 587 446 1.4 6.5 5.0 2.1 12.4 4.7 - - - 900 4300 2388 2800 21000 11244 - - - - - - - - - 

11 39 26 7.4 8.3 8.0 23 244 63 6.0 9.1 7.5 2.3 3.0 2.5 19.6 19.6 19.6 260 1700 983 700 3500 2270 0.030 0.045 0.035 2.320 2.520 2.387 - - - 

11 38 26 7.2 7.9 7.6 27 296 69 1.7 11.5 5.2 2.1 8.0 6.1 17.4 62.4 39.9 45 90000 45976 52 160000 86936 0.010 0.080 0.051 0.045 2.820 2.101 - - - 

11 38 28 7.4 8.4 8.0 21 520 222 6.0 10.2 7.8 1.4 3.0 1.8 12.4 12.4 12.4 160 3000 626 500 5000 1333 0.026 0.030 0.027 2.220 2.420 2.287 - - - 

25 32 28 8.1 8.6 8.4 270 330 301 8.0 8.4 8.2 2.6 5.3 3.8 8.8 14.4 11.6 17000 23000 19778 26000 34000 30333 - - - - - - - - - 

10 32 26 7.3 8.3 7.8 22 47 36 6.4 10.0 7.6 1.4 2.9 2.4 - - - 260 1700 1003 500 3500 2163 0.030 0.045 0.040 2.320 2.520 2.453 - - - 

16 33 26 7.4 7.8 7.6 284 367 331 6.4 10.4 9.0 2.2 9.3 3.3 15.8 16.4 16.0 3100 5400 4325 4900 9700 6975 0.040 0.280 0.142 - - - 0.004 4.500 2.252 

23 33 28 8.1 8.3 8.2 354 430 385 7.2 8.0 7.7 1.6 2.4 2.1 18.0 34.0 22.6 - - - 80 180 127 - - - - - - - - - 

18 31 27 7.8 8.4 8.2 272 365 318 7.5 9.0 8.0 0.7 2.0 1.4 16.0 24.0 19.5 300 1700 971 700 5000 2113 - - - - - - - - - 

12 35 24 6.5 7.8 7.2 1075 2390 1854 0.8 2.9 1.6 40.0 69.0 58.3 256.0 484.0 369.3 - - - 16000 160000 54429 - - - - - - - - - 

20 33 28 7.5 7.7 7.6 313 423 359 2.1 2.1 2.1 5.0 56.0 23.0 69.0 205.0 115.3 400000 650000 525000 7900000 12000000 9950000 0.011 3.540 1.195 1.654 4.600 3.431 3.730 9.060 6.395 

14 28 21 7.0 7.3 7.1 380 980 656 2.0 4.7 3.2 7.4 9.6 8.3 34.0 52.0 43.6 750 1900 1331 2000 3500 2532 - - - - - - 2.100 12.000 6.264 

10 32 25 7.1 8.5 7.9 137 294 209 6.1 9.6 7.8 1.2 2.6 1.8 20.0 20.0 20.0 490 1700 873 1300 7900 2300 0.012 0.060 0.023 1.060 4.600 2.968 0.006 0.006 0.006 

11 28 23 7.1 7.9 7.6 103 980 238 - 8.8 7.0 1.3 6.2 2.2 24.0 24.0 24.0 630 2200 1031 1100 9400 2608 0.008 0.100 0.021 1.120 4.200 2.953 0.008 0.008 0.008 

23 32 27 8.1 8.3 8.2 350 468 408 7.3 7.9 7.7 1.4 3.0 2.2 16.0 32.0 22.8 - - - 60 180 128 - - - - - - - - - 

18 31 26 7.7 8.3 8.2 173 1313 384 7.5 8.9 7.9 0.6 1.8 1.2 16.0 24.0 19.0 170 1100 553 500 2400 1138 - - - - - - - - - 

22 39 30 6.9 8.0 7.5 216 216 216 6.0 9.8 8.2 0.4 2.6 0.9 10.0 10.0 10.0 400 3000 1750 800 17000 6275 0.001 0.086 0.022 0.143 0.708 0.432 - - -


DAMODAR 

DAMODAR 

DAMODAR 

DAMODAR 

BARAKAR 

RUPNARAYAN 

KALI (W) 

KALI (W) 

DAMODAR AT D/S OF 

IISCO AFTER 3RD 

OUTFALL AT 

DHENNA VILLAGE, 

WEST BENGAL 

DAMODAR AT 

NARAINPUR AFTER 

CONFL. OF NUNIA 

NALLAH, WEST 

BENGAL 

DAMODAR NEAR 

MUJHER MANA 

VILLAGE AFTER 

CONF. OF TAMLA 

NALLAH, WEST 

BENGAL 

DAMODAR AT 

HALDIA D/S (2 KM 

AWAY FROM HALDIA 

TOWN ), WEST 

BENGAL 

BARAKAR AT 

ASANSOL (WATER 

INTAKE POINT), 

WEST BENGAL 

RUPNARAYAN 

BEFORE CONFL. TO 

RIVER GANGA NEAR 

GEONKHALI, WEST 

BENGAL 

KALINADI AT U/S OF 

MUZAFFAR NAGAR U. 

P. 

KALINADI AT D/S OF 

MUZAFFAR NAGAR, 

U.P. 

http://cpcb.nic.in/Water/GANGA.html (5 of 5)03/12/2007 13:01:40 

23 38 30 7.3 8.5 7.8 215 215 215 7.0 9.7 8.5 0.5 1.2 0.9 13.0 13.0 13.0 400 2300 943 2300 13000 6043 0.009 0.049 0.021 0.195 0.707 0.457 - - - 

22 38 30 7.3 8.9 7.9 300 300 300 6.5 9.8 8.2 0.5 2.0 0.9 11.0 11.0 11.0 200 8000 3738 1300 24000 8288 0.045 0.247 0.119 0.142 0.732 0.459 0.156 0.156 0.156 

25 39 32 7.1 8.2 7.7 353 353 353 3.8 9.6 6.4 0.5 2.7 1.3 14.0 14.0 14.0 1100 50000 12763 8000 90000 28625 0.086 0.688 0.328 0.333 1.611 0.920 - - - 

24 33 30 7.4 8.2 7.9 330 11660 3371 3.5 6.9 5.9 1.5 6.0 3.3 34.0 34.0 34.0 10000 1100000 293333 70000 4500000 1211667 0.002 0.074 0.020 0.170 0.400 0.270 0.120 0.120 0.120 

28 35 31 7.6 8.2 7.9 - - - 4.0 9.9 6.9 0.6 1.6 1.2 - - - 30000 30000 30000 50000 90000 70000 0.011 0.050 0.030 0.613 1.143 0.878 - - - 

29 29 29 8.0 8.0 8.0 209 282 238 4.8 6.3 5.7 0.8 2.2 1.6 - - - 26000 280000 110667 170000 700000 406667 0.001 0.020 0.008 0.150 0.370 0.237 - - - 

15 30 25 6.7 8.3 7.7 377 482 441 5.9 8.2 6.9 2.0 3.0 2.5 11.0 15.0 13.0 200 90000 44400 310000 15900000 7703333 0.024 0.297 0.161 0.473 2.330 1.401 0.155 0.155 0.155 

17 31 27 7.5 7.9 7.7 620 1840 987 - - - 56.0 102.0 86.3 264.0 521.0 369.7 2150000 46000000 22816667 75000000 1170000000 471666667 0.024 0.026 0.025 3.735 15.130 7.878 0.705 14.320 7.513

No. of Grossly Polluting Industries Discharging Effluents (with BOD load 

100 kg/day or more) in Ganga Basin (September, 2009) 

600 

500 

400 

300 

200 

100 

0 

478 

348 

56 

74 

Total OPRS OPRNS UCL 

Sl. No. Rivers OPRS OPRNS UCL Total 

1 Betwa 0 1 0 1 

2 Chambal 0 0 0 0 

3 Damodar 3 0 0 3 

4 Gandak 0 0 0 0 

5 Ganga 95 22 38 155 

6 Ghaghra 2 0 1 3 

7 Gomti 21 5 4 30 

8 Hindon 26 0 4 30 

9 Kali 45 0 10 55 

10 Khan 0 0 0 0 

11 Kosi 1 3 0 4 

12 Kshipra 0 0 0 0 

13 Ramganga 30 17 4 51 

14 Yamuna 125 8 13 146 

Total 348 56 74 478 

OPRS- ETP operating satisfactorily 

Legends 

OPRNS- ETP not operating satisfactorily 

UCL- Unit closed

11/28/2010 Hydro_Electric_Projects_on_Ganga_in… 

sandrp.in/…/Hydro_Electric_Projects_o… 1/1

RIVERWISE APPROVED COST IN 172 TOWNS UNDER NATIONAL RIVER CONSERVATION PLAN 

(Rs. in lakhs) 

SL. NAME OF TOWN NAME OF TOWN STATE 

NAME OF 

STATE SANCTIONED EXPENDITURE 

No. RIVER NO. 

NO. 

COST(DPR) 

(TILL 

BY STATE 

03/2010) (TILL 03/2010) 

I Adyar 

II Cooum 

1 Chennai 1 Tamil Nadu 40425.46 38074.16 

Sub Total : 40425.46 38074.16 

III Beehar 

2 Rewa 2 

Madhya 

Pradesh 1944.00 169.43 

Sub Total : 1944.00 169.43 

IV Betwa 

3 Bhopal 

Madhya 

Pradesh 

Madhya 

339.32 117.57 

4 Mandideep 

Pradesh 

Madhya 

36.13 36.07 

5 Vidisha 

Pradesh 447.47 409.01 

Sub Total 822.93 562.66 

V Bhadra 

6 Bhadravati 3 Karnataka 376.98 413.95 

Sub Total : 376.98 413.95 

VI Brahmini 

7 Chandbali 4 Orissa 34.90 34.90 

8 Dharamshala 

Orissa 19.63 19.63 

9 Talcher 

Orissa 370.20 196.74 

10 Puri (Coastal Area) 

Orissa 8044.86 4067.68 

Sub Total 8469.59 4318.95 

VII Cauvery 

11 Bhewani Tamil Nadu 392.84 254.57 

12 Erode 

Tamil Nadu 1472.13 1082.54 

13 K.R.Nagar 

Karnataka 57.80 72.53 

14 Kollegal 

Karnataka 108.65 107.64 

15 Kumarapalayam 

Tamil Nadu 232.14 433.32 

16 Nanjagud 

Karnataka 223.86 114.67 

17 Pallipalayam 

Tamil Nadu 184.67 66.38 

18 Karur 

Tamil Nadu 3105.32 3312.24 

19 Kumbakonam 

Tamil Nadu 4410.45 4978.63 

20 Mayiladuthurai 

Tamil Nadu 4481.04 4093.68 

21 Tirchirappalli 

Tamil Nadu 11667.00 11125.02 

22 Srirangapatna 

Karnataka 144.01 173.79 

23 Trichy 

Tamil Nadu 430.05 423.08 

Sub Total 26909.96 26238.09

VIII Chambal 

24 Keshoraipatta 5 Rajasthan 72.55 15.94 

25 Kota 

Rajasthan 

Madhya 

15023.09 60.67 

26 Nagda 

Pradesh 310.79 280.92 

Sub Total 15406.43 357.53 

IX Diphu and Dhansiri 

27 Dimapur 6 Nagaland 3174.50 0.00 

Sub Total 3174.50 0.00 

SL. NAME OF TOWN NAME OF TOWN STATE 

NAME OF 


No. RIVER NO. NO. COST(DPR) BY STATE 

X Damodar 

28 Andal 7 West Bengal 17.85 17.81 

29 Asansol 

West Bengal 340.66 334.98 

30 Bokaro-Kangali 8 Jharkhand 9.87 8.78 

31 Chirkunda 

Jharkhand 0.00 0.00 

32 Dugdha 


33 Durgapur 

West Bengal 21.20 20.61 

34 Jharia 


35 Ramgarh 


36 Raniganj 


37 Sindri 


38 Sudamdih 


39 Telmachu 


Sub Total 439.86 429.19 

XI Ganga 

40 Allahabad 9 Uttar Pradesh 5853.04 3168.51 

41 Anupshaher 

Uttar Pradesh 450.38 561.26 

42 Arrah 10 Bihar 34.25 29.45 

43 Bhadreshwar & Champdani West Bengal 943.97 904.94 

44 Badrinath 

Uttaranchal 1208.07 19.99 

45 Baidyabati 

West Bengal 1697.66 1001.70 

46 Bansberia 

West Bengal 2107.76 811.42 

47 Barahya 

Bihar 40.48 37.89 

48 Barh 

Bihar 18.90 15.41 

49 Barrackpore 

West Bengal 3778.81 2220.93 

50 Bhagalpur 

Bihar 20.09 21.15 

51 Begusarai 

Bihar 6547.04 0.00 

52 Bijnor 


53 Budge-Budge 

West Bengal 826.72 813.18 

54 Buxar 

Bihar 7494.87 5.32 

55 Chakdah 


56 Chapra 

Bihar 0.00 0.00 

57 Chunar 


58 Circular Canal 

West Bengal 893.63 819.36 

59 Deoprayag 11 Uttaranchal 1217.71 48.33 

60 Dhulian 


61 Diamond Harbour 

West Bengal 375.07 115.64

62 Farrukhabad 


63 Fatwah 

Bihar 18.02 17.07 

64 Garhmukteshwar 


65 Garulia 

West Bengal 470.73 445.00 

66 Ghazipur 


67 Gopeshwar 


68 Gayeshpur,Halilshar 

& Kancharapara 

West Bengal 2002.51 1265.08 

69 Hardwar & Rishikesh Uttaranchal 4989.62 3248.14 

70 Hazipur 

Bihar 11362.00 0.00 

71 Jangipur 


72 Jijganj Azimganj 

West Bengal 451.93 274.33 

73 Joshimath 


74 Kahelgaon 

Bihar 0.00 0.00 

75 Kanpur 


76 Karnaparag 


77 Katwa 

West Bengal 295.71 117.79 

78 Kharda (Extended) 

West Bengal 901.34 513.66 

79 Konnagar 

West Bengal 

NAME OF 

1362.52 971.99 

Sl. NAME OF TOWN NAME OF TOWN STATE STATE SANCTIONED EXPENDITURE 


80 Maheshtala 

West Bengal 1131.70 1082.81 

81 Mirzapur 


82 Mokamah 

Bihar 0.00 0.00 

83 Mughal Sarai 


84 Munger 

Bihar 40.30 33.85 

85 Murshidabad 

West Bengal 228.69 208.63 

86 Naihati 

West Bengal 3062.64 1209.30 

87 North Barrackpore 

West Bengal 1428.58 929.62 

88 Patna 

Bihar 178.07 101.73 

89 Ranipur 


90 Rishra 

West Bengal 1364.90 888.69 

91 Rudraprayag 


92 Sahebganj 


93 Saidpur 


94 Srinagar 


95 Sultanganj 

Bihar 37.43 35.65 

96 Tolly's Nallah 

West Bengal 2465.17 2068.64 

97 Uttar Kashi 


98 Uttarpara Kotrung 

West Bengal 929.31 894.74 

99 Varanasi 


100 Chandannagar 


101 Hawrah 


102 Kolkata 


103 Serampore 


Sub Total 93229.47 39428.09 

XII Godavari 

104 Bhadrachalam 12 Andhra Pradesh 200.70 209.66 

105 Mancherial 

Andhra Pradesh 231.30 294.04 

106 Nanded 13 Maharashtra 1346.76 1221.09 

107 Nashik 

Maharashtra 6201.76 6128.16 

108 Rajamundry 

Andhra Pradesh 2178.60 1816.65

109 Trimbakeshwar 

Maharashtra 1164.00 1148.68 

110 Ramagundam 


Sub Total 11897.67 11261.17 

XIII Gomti 

111 Jaunpur 


112 Lucknow 

Uttar Pradesh 31067.49 33374.90 

113 Sultanpur 


Sub Total 31879.31 34200.28 

XIV Khan 

114 Indore 

Madhya 

Pradesh 4019.20 3955.57 

Sub Total 4019.20 3955.57 

XV Krishna 

115 Karad 

Maharashtra 318.72 313.94 

116 Sangli 

Maharashtra 2555.27 1881.55 

Sub Total 2873.99 2195.49 

XVI Kshipra 

117 Ujjain 

Madhya 

Pradesh 1804.96 1732.50 

Sub Total 1804.96 1732.50 

XVII Mahanadi 

118 Cuttack 

Orissa 804.30 804.30 

Sub Total 804.30 804.30 

Sl. NAME OF TOWN NAME OF TOWN STATE 

NAME OF 



XVIII Mandakini 

119 Chitrakut 

Madhya 

Pradesh 620.42 0.00 

Sub Total 620.42 0.00 

XIX Mandovi 

120 Panaji 14 Goa 1409.52 1349.93 

Sub Total 1409.52 1349.93 

XX Mahananda 

121 Siliguri 

West Bengal 5488.23 2916.00 

Sub Total 5488.23 2916.00 

XXI Musi 

122 Hyderabad 


Sub Total 33565.53 31484.83 

XXII Narmada 

123 Jabalpur 

124 Hoshangabad 

Madhya 

Pradesh 

Madhya 

133.85 118.19 

Pradesh 1299.07 212.89

Sub Total 1432.93 331.08 

XXIII Pamba 

125 Pamba(Sabarimala) 15 Kerala 1844.98 146.86 

Sub Total 1844.98 146.86 

XXIV Panchganga 

126 Kolhapur 


Sub Total 7429.00 0.00 

XXV Pennar 

127 Bangalore 

Karnataka 4627.00 3593.78 

Sub Total 4627.00 3593.78 

XXVI Rani Chu 

128 Gangtok 16 Sikkim 10208.27 2190.65 

129 Singtom 

Sikkim 632.82 335.00 

130 Ranipool 

Sikkim 590.24 312.00 

Sub Total 11431.33 2837.65 

XXVII Sabarmati 

131 Ahemadabad 17 Gujarat 10195.87 9508.42 

Sub Total 10195.87 9508.42 

XXVIII Satluj 

132 Jalandhar 18 Punjab 5221.78 8376.65 

133 Ludhiana 

Punjab 13351.21 18445.30 

134 Phagwara 

Punjab 1386.21 1204.77 

135 Phillaur 

Punjab 112.06 121.44 

136 Kapurthala 

Punjab 1256.26 1278.75 

137 Sultanpur Lodhi 

Punjab 240.74 164.49 

Sub Total 21568.26 29591.40 

XXIX Subarnarekha 

138 Ghatshila 


139 Jamshedpur 

Jharkhand 174.52 37.83 

140 Ranchi 

Jharkhand 133.07 36.11 

Sub Total 375.61 97.65 

Sl. NAME OF TOWN NAME OF TOWN STATE 

NAME OF 



XXX Tapti 

141 Burhanpur 

Madhya 

Pradesh 481.47 387.81 

Sub Total 481.47 387.81 

XXXI Tapi 

142 Prakkasha 


Sub Total 244.43 0.00 

XXXII Tunga 

143 Shimoga 

Karnataka 370.38 260.30 

Sub Total 370.38 260.30 

XXXIII Tungabhadra

144 Davangere 

Karnataka 466.05 405.34 

145 Harihara 

Karnataka 249.94 216.54 

Sub Total 715.99 621.88 

XXXIV Tamrabarani 

146 Tirunelveli 

Tamil Nadu 5492.90 5426.83 

Sub Total : 5492.90 5426.83 

XXXV Vennar 

147 Thanjavur 

Tamil Nadu 6274.76 6331.10 

Sub Total : 6274.76 6331.10 

XXXVI Vaigai 

148 Madurai 

Tamil Nadu 13024.18 11184.34 

Sub Total : 13024.18 11184.34 

XXXVII Wainganga 

149 Chapara 

Madhya 

Pradesh 

Madhya 

39.85 36.83 

150 Keolari 

Pradesh 

Madhya 

36.16 32.59 

151 Seoni 

Pradesh 25.10 24.25 

Sub Total 101.12 93.67 

XXXVIII Yamuna 

152 Agra 

Uttar Pradesh 18573.83 14397.04 

153 Chhachhrauli 19 Haryana 104.79 97.99 

154 Delhi 20 Delhi 64999.53 27164.50 

155 Etawah 


156 Faridabad 

Haryana 11588.62 10796.44 

157 Gharaunda 

Haryana 141.27 271.09 

158 Ghaziabad 

Uttar Pradesh 10821.56 10589.68 

159 Gohana 

Haryana 347.51 382.28 

160 Gurgaon 

Haryana 3397.04 3258.30 

161 Indri 

Haryana 136.88 123.22 

162 Karnal 

Haryana 2598.71 2659.58 

163 Mathura 


164 Muzaffar Nagar 


165 Noida 


166 Palwal 

Haryana 1054.19 1738.13 

167 Panipat 

Haryana 4729.73 4734.52 

168 Radaur 

Haryana 108.86 91.11 

169 Saharanpur 


170 Sonepat 

Haryana 2591.31 2570.73 

171 Varindavan 


172 Yamunanagar-Jagadri Haryana 3764.27 3726.52 

Sub Total 

135337.15 92820.27 

Grand Total (38 rivers) 

CETP, Calcutta 

506509.69 3 

(Ganga) 

8292.00 3952.00 

OVER ALL TOTAL 514801.69 367077.18

CPCB-Ganga_Trend Report-Final.pdf - GANGAPEDIA

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