Participatory Crop Improvement of rice landraces – An experience ...

Participatory Crop Improvement of rice landraces
–An experience from Jeypore Odisha
Mr. SUSANTA SEKHAR CHAUDHURY
M. S. SWAMINATHAN RESEARCH
FOUNDATION

M. S. Swaminathan Research Foundation
• It is a non‐profit research organization and was established in
1988.
• vision ‐ pro‐nature, pro‐poor, pro‐women and pro‐sustainable on‐
farm and non‐farm livelihoods through appropriate ecotechnology
and knowledge empowerment.
• Mission ‐ Center for Research on Sustainable Agriculture and Rural
Development
M S Swaminathan Research Foundation is carrying out research and
development in six major thematic areas such as:
1.Coastal Systems Research
2.Biodiversity
3.Biotechnology
4.Ecotechnology
5.Food Security
6.Information, Education and Communication

MSSRF HEAD OFFICE
MSSRF site locations
ORISSA
MAHARASHTRA
ANDHRA PRADESH
PONDICHERRY
TAMILNADU (H) & (S)
KERALA

• Diversity in land and people
Context
• One of the biodiversity hotspot of India
• Secondary source of Origin of rice
• Poverty and poor literacy
• Erosion of rice landraces
• Labourious experience farmers with wide range of ITK
• Lack of scientific knowledge on crop improvement
• Poor yield and unavailability of quality seeds of landraces
• Lack of awareness on conservation & cultivation of
landraces
• Lack of Interest in Government on conservation, promotion
& popularization of land races

Crops:
Crops, locations, stake holders
Rice, millets, maize, pulses, oil seeds, medicinal plants
& vegetables.
Site locations:
Country –INDIA, State –ODISHA, District –KORAPUT
C. D. Blocks –JEYPORE, BOIPARIGUDA, KUNDURA
Gram Panchayat –11 numbers, Revenue village –
Hamlet –34
Stake holders:
04,
Farm families, NGOs, Govt line department, marketing
agencies, research organizations

RICE
(Oryza sativa)
NIGER
(Guizotia abyssinica)
FINGER MILLET
(Eleusine coracana)
MAIZE
(Zey mays)
LITTLE MILLET
(Panicum miliaceum)
POP SORGHUM
(Sorghum bicolor)

PIGEON PEA (Cajanus cajan)
HORSE GRAM
(Dolichos biflorus)
GROUND NUT
(Arachis hypogea)
GREEN GRAM (Vigna radiata)

Objectives:
More specifics on the project
• To identify suitable varieties from varietal
pool for improvement
• To Identify low cost appropriate technology
for enhance yield of rice landraces
• To promote and popularize the selected
varieties

Project operational Area
State : ORISSA
District: 01
C.D. Blocks: 03
G.P: 13
Villages : 44
Crop: RICE LANDRACES

BHUMIA BONDA
UP LAND
LOW LAND
MEDIUM LAND
PAROJA

Activities‐1: Participatory varietal selection
Year Process UL ML LL
1998 In-situ on farm conservation
Participatory Conservation system
Prioritization of Varieties (PRA, Field visits)
1999 Participatory Conservation system
4 Formal-Farmer Demonstration
4 Agro climatic zones
Quality seed production
Traveling workshops for farmers
No Replication
2000 Participatory Conservation system
4 Formal-Farmer Demonstration
4 Agro climatic zones
Three Replication
19 37 56
8
(11 CS)
8 + 1©
(11 CS)
2001 Participatory varietal selection 1
selected
8
(29 CS)
8 + 1©
(29 CS)
2
selected
8
(48 CS)
8 + 1©
(48 CS)
2
selected

Varietal plots PVS
Agronomic data collection
Agronomic data collection by
farmers

RI
RII
RIII
Each variety under Refined (RF) and Traditional (TR) practices
side by side: RF replicated,
TR unreplicated
V1 V3 V5 V6 V4 V2
V5 V2 V4 V1 V6 V3
V3 V6 V1 V5 V4 V2
Plot: 30 sq.m.
50 rows of 3 m length
RF
Mother trial with control
V1 V2 V3 V4 V5 V6
Plot: 90 sq.m
150 rows of 3m length
TR

F
1 VARIETY
F
1 VARIETY
F
1 VARIETY
F
1 VARIETY
DEMO‐1
MSSRF + FARMER
F
1 VARIETY
DEMO‐3
MSSRF + FARMER
F
1 VARIETY
F
1 VARIETY
F
1 VARIETY
F
1 VARIETY
F
1 VARIETY
F
1 VARIETY
F
1 VARIETY
F
1 VARIETY
F
1 VARIETY
DEMO‐2
MSSRF + FARMER
F
1 VARIETY
F
1 VARIETY
F
1 VARIETY
F
1 VARIETY
DEMO‐4
MSSRF + FARMER
F
1 VARIETY
F
1 VARIETY
M
S
S
R
F
S
T
A
T
A
I
O
N

TRADITIONAL
Participatory Plant breeding
IMPROVED

TRADITIONAL
IMPROVED

TRADITIONAL
IMPROVED

Synthesis‐
I: Institution
benefit
• Prioritization and purification of the varieties
• Able to institutionalized the seed supply establishing
Village Seed Bank
• Created a model for stakeholders
• Opening of another window –market promotion
Farmers
MSSRF
articipation

Synthesis –II: Benefit to the communities
• Higher yield
• Access to quality seed material
• Optimal use of local resources
• Primary trainer on PVS & PPB
• Free to share their experience & knowledge
• Reduction in food scarcity period
• Reduction in labour cost

1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
Ploughing (4times)
Application of FYM (10 CL/acre)
Lower seed rate/acre
Nursery on bed
Soaking of seeds before nursery
Nursery area 10cent/acre
Transplanting of seedlings (21 - 25 days)
Line transplanting
Rouging out of mixture on field
Seeds selection from mother panicle from
the middle portion of the plot
Adoption of Cultivation Package
%
o
f
a
d
o
p
t
i
o
n
100
90
80
70
60
50
40
30
20
10
0
Adoption of modified practice
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
10 modified practices
PPB FFs
Non-PPB FFs

Professionalism
Normal New
Traditional Knowledge with
traditional practice
Ex situ conservation and
evaluation of varieties by
professional
Practical knowledge of
researchers / professional
confined within the
institution
Technical knowledge with
improved package of
practice
In situ conservation and
evaluation of varieties in
Participatory approach
Participatory effort in
exploring and proper
utilization of knowledge

Land Races
(Impure seeds)
More Avenues of
Genetic,
Nutrition and
Economic
Enhancement
Restoration of
Land Races;
Participatory
Conservation;
Sustainable Use
General Conclusion
R I C E
from want through
Satisfaction
to Economic and
Food Gains
at JEYPORE
PCS
PVS
P P B
Seeds and Grains
of preferred
LRs for
consumption +
Excess for sale
Cooperative Market
Community Management
Equitable Benefit Sharing
Prof. V. Arunachalam

Thank you