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4 Plasma KCE Reports 120 STC Stem cell transplant TFG Transfusionsgesetz (German regulation on transfusion and blood-related issues) VDB Vlaamse Dienst voor het Bloed
KCE Reports 120 Plasma 5 1 INTRODUCTION 1.1 CONTEXT Blood transports elements that are essential to life in individuals, but it can also be used to produce derivatives that are used in the treatment of specific disorders in others such as immunodeficiency and haemophilia. These derivates are produced by a process called plasma fractionation. Plasma is the transparent yellowish liquid part of the blood, composed of 90% water and the rest of immunoglobulins (a part of this report is devoted to their consumption), albumin, coagulation factors and lipoproteins. This plasma is obtained either by separation of the red blod cells following a whole blood donation, or by plasmapheresis, a process used to isolate the plasma from the blood of a donor, which retains the red blood cells. In Belgium, all of the blood and plasma is collected by the Red Cross and a few independent centres. The donors are not paid, in accordance with the rules in force in the European Union. The collected plasma is sold to a company in Belgium, which performs the fractionation. The majority of European countries consume a greater quantity of derivatives than can be extracted from the blood and plasma collected from their citizens. They must therefore obtain other supplies from fractionation companies that buy plasma abroad. If this foreign plasma should one day be in short supply or only be available at exorbitant prices, importing countries may find themselves in difficulty. This difficulty is exacerbated by the fact that plasma derivatives are vital for the treatment certain serious illnesses, hence the question posed to the KCE of self-sufficiency for Belgium in plasma and plasma derivatives and the precautions to be taken to reduce as far as possible the risk of a shortfall in supplies. 1.2 RESEARCH QUESTIONS To clarify the issue, we intend to answer the following questions: Concerning supply: • How and in what quantities is plasma collected in Belgium and in other countries? What trends have been observed? What subsidies are provided to ensure that enough is collected? • How are derivative products manufactured from the plasma collected in Belgium? What are the quantities produced? How is it financed? Concerning demand: • Which medical indications are treated with plasma stable derivatives ? Which amounts are required to treat these conditions and which amounts are consumed in Belgium? Which trends can we expect over the coming years? Concerning security of coverage of demand: • What it meant by security of coverage in general? What level of coverage do we seek to achieve in Belgium and in other countries? • What different approaches could be used to achieve optimally the desired level of coverage?
Page 1 and 2: Hoe zelfvoorziening in stabiele pla
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KCE Reports 120 Plasma 121 APPENDIX
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73. Financiering van het zorgprogra
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