The Lithuanians of Cleveland

THE LITHUANIANS OF CLEVELAND
The third is the Lithuanian Society Hall Company, capitalized at $65,000,
a corporation in which each of the many Lithuanian organizations has stock.
This company has bought a site for the hall at East 60th street and Superior
Ave. on which they purpose erecting a building commodious enough to house
all the Lithuanian societies as well as provide facilities for entertainments,
dances and mass meetings. This project has been pending since 1911 and
had to be deferred on account of the war, but ground is being broken for its
immediate construction.
Beyond the two cigar makers who function only in connection with the
two local stores operated by them, there are no Lithuanians in the manufacturing
business for themselves.
Despite the short time this people has lived in the city, a creditable
number of those engaged in professional and semi-professional activities have
emerged.
The art of photography has Lithuanian representatives in A. D. Zitkus,
at 2105 St. Clair Ave., J. D. Zitkus, at 7033 Superior Ave., and A. Bartkus,
on 65th Street and Broadway; the apothecary art in C. Pakeltis, who started
in the drug businesf3 at East 20th Street and St. Clair Ave., and established
branch stores in Newburgh and Collinwood, and Mr. J. Zwalskis, a versatile
linguist who managed the International pharmacy at St. Clair Ave. and East
45th Street.
Dr. J. Semolunas, the optometrist at 8115 St. Clair Ave. is the sole and
much specialized Lithuanian representative of the medical profession in the
city. Dr. Semolunas came to Cleveland from Valparaiso, Ind. two years
ago, was chairman of the ational Lithuanian Relief Society, and is
a recognized leader among the Lithuanian people of this city.
Of dental surgeons and attorneys there are none. Two are in training
for the legal profession in the Cleveland Law School.
Education.
It is only since the Russian revolution of 1905 that the Lithuanians have
been permitted openly to obtain an education. Russia resolutely undertook
to replace the Lithuanian characters in the schools by Russian. These
proud and intelligent people had to teach their language in secret. A
Lithuanian with an irrespressible instinct for expression had to emigrate
to Poland or some other part of Europe and write in a foreign language, so
that many of the poets, the literary leaders, the radical thinkers, though
born in Lithuania are classified as Polish. The Polish patriot Kosciuszko,
and the poet Adam Mickiewicz were born in Lithuania, and Immanuel
Kant's parents were Lithuanian, although the philosopher himself was born in
in Germany. The fact that her sons had to expatriate themselves to obtain
a higher education was a sad blow to Lithuanian literary pride and a tragedy
for her educational system.
Naturally the early years of the immigrants in this country were given
over to the economic struggle, and the children as they reached working age
were expected to help out the family exchequer. The earliest Lithuanian
high school students were found in the Commercial High Schools, St. John's
Cathedral School, Dyke's and the Ohio Business College. It was a short
cut to necessary lucrative employment. Bt;t the character of Lithuanain
intelligence is seen in the competitive parochial examinations held in 1919
10