1811 Terminal T01rer, C1Gv~ol[~nd, Ohio By Harbert G. Fickos ...

GEI'JERILL STORY 01~ GREJ~T L~·1.KES EXPOS ITION'
1811 Terminal T01rer, C1Gv~ol[~nd, Ohio
By Harbert G. Fickos, publicity dopt o
1\.1 thougl1 not burdenod 17ith tho pretontious titlo of 1fl;~rorld' s Fair",
tho Groat L:'.kos Exposit..;_ol._y '7h_ich is built cround tho basic industries flnd I1a.nllfncturus
of the Gront Lakes st tcs, will b, fur more than u mora industrial or
OT·on a googrC',-phico..l oxpos~tioD c TI1.oso "\lIrho aro vvorking 011 tho progrQln for tho
EXp8Sition doclare tllQt it vrill yri th~_lut
q11ostion bo opo of tho Inrgost o:':positions
over hold to be devotod principQ1Iy to tho resources of Q particular portion of
the onrthts surfQce.
Exposition fc,-ns linO 11QY look bacl

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~fuile the basic theme of the Exposition will be the rornance of Iron ~nd Steel,
henvy machinery and tool mnJ:ing,
tIle scope of the presontc:.tion viill be so 1"ride that
evory phase of industrinl, civic, business Qnd social lifo will be represented. It
vITill be a
gro.phic display of the nat1J.ral rosottrcos, industry, manufactures, horticultural
and agricultural products of tho GreQt Lakos st2tes and will be divided into
tho follorring exl1ibits: iron and stoel, machinery, olectricit:y, trc.nsportation,
pure foods and agriculture, horticulturo, gLlS"
offico and fusiness equiprnent, printing
and graphic arts, and Dode!~ homos.
Genoral managor of the Exp.osition is Lincoln G.
Dic1

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Tho range of exhibits vrhich will tell tho story of tho manufacturos nnd
industrios, not noroly of tho Great Lakes Aro~, but also of 110 entire Unitod
statos, oxtends from such highly specialized and bulky products ~s
blast furnaces
down to jewelry, laces and objctr,
d'art. Exhibitors who dosire assistance in
plnnning their displays aro given the fullest co-operation of tho Exposition's
QrchitocturQl dop~rtmGnt, which has a staff of trained and talented dosigners and
nrchitocts hended by l'J1tl1.ony Thor:-1i11,
chief c\.rchitoet.
EXPOSITIO~N LIGIITIIJG
Visitors to the Exposition vrill find tho bost lighted exposition the world
has over soen.
That is tho goal set by eloctricnl onginoors who are planning its
illunination, und who fool that they nrc facing Q
challengo to make tho Exposition
just that.
Tho challenge arises fror1 tho fCLct that Cleveland is the centor of tho
lighting ind'ustry, both research o.nd practice, of the entire country, and r1ight
oven claim, very modestly, that samo titlo in tho world.
It is due prinarily to
the fnct that tho Nola Park, rosearch laboratorios of tho National Electric Light
association, is located in Cleveland, and lighting enginoers, who nro planning tho
night illumination of tho Exposition groundS, nrc dotGn~incd
that the rosults of
their wo~k will fully como up to tho standards vhich tho country could roasonably
expoct from Clovol~nd.
Currant which will be usod at tho Exposition, it hns beon ostinutod, will bo
sufficient for nO~.Ql uso of Q city of about 50,000 peoplo, tho volumo being bctvToon
8,000 o.nd 10,000 l{ilovro..tts. Jill vriring on tho grounds vvill be laid undorr;round,
with no overhond polos~
Lighting of stroots nnd buildings of tho Exposition will be cnrefully balancod
so that bright colors of roofs and WQlls of buildings will bo ShovVll
end so that podostrians will have nnple liGht but at tho saBO ti~o
to bost advantage
their eyes will
bo protocted from diroct glare.
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The proper amount of light for various areas of the ground,
expressed in foot
candles, will be carefully computed so that there will be no "dead spots", where
contrast is too low,
or no areas where streets or buildings will be overliGhted.
The
seven seventy-foot pylons at the IDfJin 811traTICe "'fill be illuI!iinated lfiJith
floodli~hts.
At the top of each nylon will be a series of three horizontal planes
vvhich VJill serve as ref ~:ctors for t~'l~ lightin units betltvecn each plane, the
lighting being in color.
Throughout the grounds will be decorative structures
which will be lighted at ni~ht. These structurES will carry 8 nautical theme.
Some of thcrn will be surrnoul1tcd by shills' lanterns, some lIvill have shiYJ models,
so~c '.Mill rcsc:rnblc n18sts, 8 ..:'ld 811 'will be strongl:? illu;.'1inDted at ni ,ht. I11urrinated
fO~J.nt8ins and dccorativL pools contDin.ing colored li~hts vlill also be: featured
on the grounds, f.1nd other SpEctocul.or lig}1tin.~ lffects arc: bei:n.g planned.
The £utorrotive buildin~ will be lishtcd by 8 series of longitudinal louvres,
the light being in color.
SiFilor lightin~ will be employed in the Hall of Progress.
The Marine Theatre, B great spectacle stag: to be constrllct:d in th~ harbor behind
the brcakllVotcr with grondstond sccts on ths In](cshorc, 11\[il1 be
lightEd bJr lJ..urora
BorEalis lishts. r.1ovir~g bEfH:1s of the li_~~hts 1'\Till radiate f8n-';Nisc from th0 center.
A special type of lif':hting i~ to b·:.- used in the "Streets of the lVorld tt , international
village orca of the EX.osition.
Research hns disclosed that the earliest
type of street lighting uSld in the world ~s employed on the streets of Paris in
the middle a es, where iron baskets resembling a 18rgc bird cage were filled with
blazing pine knots. l~ kind of roof over the tnn of the basket protected it from the
weother.
In order to recreate the medieval etmosnherc in the streets of the 1furld,
special lighting fixtures resembling those primitive iron baskets will be made 3nd
suspcndc\ frOT,> poles and buildirlgs in the section. They will contain electric lights,
of course, but will provide old fashioned atmosphere in their ~rimitivL
Appearance.
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In addition to speciQl liGhting of tho Exposition grounds Clevolandts d01~tmvn
section will be specially lightod, including floodlighting of the Terminal
TO~'Tor Gnd Boll Tolephono bu.ildings.
Electrical ongineers for tho Exposition are L.• II. IIoidenrcich and F. R.
Ritchie.
Thoy Qre being givon the fullest co-oper~tion by ongineers of VTestinghouse Electric
& ~.lfg. CD., the General Electric Co., and Nola. Po..rlc.
The rynin ontr~nco of tho Exposition viII be on st o Clair avenuc, just west of
Clovelo.nd Public .[ucii+Jcri 1 J.I1 f",11d ju.:t tvvo bloc}-:s frcm Public Square. The ontrn,nce
will bo 400 foet long and will be ornQJ~ontod with soven 70-foot illuninntod pylons.
The color schemo is to ~() red, Yvhi te ~~~nd blliC e Tile entrr nee vITill house ticlret
selling booths, turnstiles, p~ss g~tos, offico space and vehicle ontrances.
Immodintoly behind the Y1Qin ontr~:nco
is tho first section of the Exposition,
500 foet "rido y noarly 1200 foot deep. In this section is tl10 sy:o.phony sholl
with senting Qcconodntions for ovor 4,000 poople, tho Court of tho Grent Lakes, Q
bOQutiful InndscQped QreQ, five acres in extent, fonturing nodel houses,cnd the
La.k:osido Exhibition hn.ll. T110 LO-kosido hflll conto.ill.s c.. total of 159,800 square
foet, of which 64,395 square feet
nIl be occupiod by exhibits.
ROlJI;JJCE OF IRO:J & STEEL
In tho Lakeside Ex.ltibition hall "\vill bo fotl.nd tho Iron fLnd
stool oxhibits and
the Foods oxhibits. Tho R01TICnCe of Ire-n.

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Tho visitor c.t the Exposition. iNill st~lrt l1is tour of th~ "story of Iron and
Stool Hin ~ Cl1Qmber of a shaft nino btlilt arou11d one of tho supporting iron ore
pillars. The visitor will first soo Q prinitivo furnaco of the typo used even in
prohistoric days in Africo. Qnd throughout Europe for severnl centurios. It is
Dr. Batos t idca to havo two non in castune actually dm~onstrQting this early nothod
of traTIsforwing oro into 1forkable iron. Tho process was moroly that of breaking
up the oro, rlixing i t Vii tl1 chc-rcoQl and plo..ciJ:lg t110 :-,lixture 011 Q bod of glo1J"ing
conls. This was thon coverod with a conting of clay, ~~th provisions for introducinG
air fror.1 bollovvs into tho furno-co through tubes. 1:.. STJo.ll lUY:J.p of iron in nOQrly
puro forD WQS takon fro~. the production furnaco nt short intervals and bonton
into shapo with an iron hQrn~or.
Tho I1odiovnl dovolopr~10nt of tho i11dustr"J 'Viill be iJ.1 nro pllQSOS. TI10 first vrill
sholt! tho stano "blast fU.rno..co usod for I:1Qlcing Cfi.st iron up to tho 18th ce11tury. The
socond viil1 illustro..to tho I1cdieval forgo vrith its h::\J:rrJ.or and "Vrator 1vhoel Qnd will
picture tho first use of stool.
Yfith this illtroduction tho visitor viill next GO to Q reproduction of Q chambor
froD a shaft nino. The chQmbor ~~ll bo built Qround Q contral pillar of iron ore
and "viII incorporate sections of traclc and l~linc CQrs. T11i8 will be follovlGd by n.
nodal of an open pit mine liliich will be Qpproxi~ntely 15 foot X 25 foot. ~ working
niniature shovol will lend lifo to tho display.
Tho journoy of tho oro fron tho rnino througl10ut tho Groflt Ln.}{os arGa. 1Nill next
bo shovm. Included horo 1nll bo Q picturizQtion of tho meetin~ of oro with COQl
Q11d linostone. In tho 'lOry c enter of the ontire space is to bo 8. replicD. of [l blast
furnnco approxiDQtoly actual size. Fran the blast furnace tho iron will be takon
to tho foundry with its custing floor, cupola. and electric fumoco.
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The stool naking dopnrtnont will center around a Bossonor convortor and an
open hearth furnQco. Tho Bessemer disploy will bJ Q cross-scction of tho convorter
vrllich,
through nn ingenious use of colors and lights, 'Vvill nppoar to bo in actual
opcr'--.,tion. Tho opon henrtll vrill bo ViOvlOd frorl the cl1n.rging floor ilvhorc tho ravv
Dc..tcriftls of tho steol plant viill be pilod 8.8
thoug11 roc.dy for usc in tho furno.co.
Tl10 trip througl1 tl10 vxhibit vvill be ondod 1vith 0. visit to rolling T.1ills and
otller shops liVhich giv'o shupo to the huge ingots producod by tho stool l:lcIdng furnace •
.il. Dodern stool laboratory viill bo L fon.turo of tlLis fiJ.1CLl displc.y. 1~n1.crovor possiblo
tho products of iron and steol will bo sh~vn either actually, in niniature or
photographically.
According to present plnnc, Cnsa students viII bo spociQlly trainod to guide
visitors through tho Exhibitioll CLnd ~\.nS\iIOr qUGstions.
Idjoining tho ttROIJ.nnco of Iron n.nd Steol n to the OL.st, 'Prill bo the display of
tIle YOU].1{;stovm S110et & Tube CD.,
consisting of Q l~1.iJlif.lturo worl{ing rlodol of the
COnpQl1yf s neVI eontin1J.ous Dill. T11is r'ill, correct in ovoIJr deto.il, VvQS T1fLdo in its
TI1Qchine shops by tho cOIJ.po..ny t s Oil\Tll eT.1ployoo s.
RJ).DIOL;·-ND
In Public l:~uditoriurl, 1vhich o.djoil1S tl10 first section of tho grounds, vrill ce
hold Tt Radiol0..nd tt, vvhore E:;{position 'lis i tors vrill fi~t1d
tho largost bron.dce.sting
studio in tho vvorld.
FroIl the stago of tho : ..uditoriUEl "\!ITill be broadcast the
prograns of tho countryts londing radio ontortQiners, in cost~o.
EntrQnco to the
li.udi.toriuY1., which sents 14,000, vrill co froG to visitors or tho ExpositiOll.
Tho hull i tsolf iHill bo conplotely rcdocorLtcd for th.o
Republicnn }Jo..tionn.l
Convontion, which takos pIneo onrly in Juno, just 0. fow weeks prior to tho opening
of tho Expositi011. Programs of IJBC, ColurJ.biQ. o..nd 1:lutua1 cl1ains vvill to broadcast,
[.t.nd ncts froIn Clovclo.ndts stations, lJiTTiJ.l, 1JHK, ',iIJr..Y and VTG':1R vlTill o.lso be given
diroct fran Public H~ll
stage.
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Jillong the no.tionally known rndio stars who vall be prosented arc:
Pnul
l!]hiteTIla.n and his orchestrQ, YJo.ltor Yfinchcll, Guy LOJJ.bardo a.nd his Royal Canadians,
the Sinclair 1-1instrols, Knte 8nith and tho j\ & P Gypsies, Fibber I'!IcGoo
and r·:lo11y,
Ed v7ynn, P11il Bnl

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The second section of the Exposition QrCQ
is that occupied by tho ClovolQnd
lIunicipQl stadium Gnd
extends fror1 the lake front railroad trncJ{s to tho Inke,
0.. distnnce of 1200 fact, and from lifest Third stroot to East l'Jinth stroot, 0. distn.nce
of 2100 foet. In this nrOQ will be built neo.rly 0.11 of tho mnjor pieces of construction
to built by tho Exposition.
~~rchitocts who planned tho structures housing exhibits,
doscribe thoir style
e.s n sir~plo, strnight-foY'vrn.rd, colorf'ul n..nd sevaro tr. Tho extoriors vrill be fl COI1.-
binntion of si:oplo line vrith c. lQ;lisll usc of vnriod color. Thoy prophecJT that
these dosigns, boing croated espocially for the Exposition, will ostablish n trend
in :r:~odern
design just n.s did the bl1ildings of tho Colv.E1.bio..11 E:xposition und tl1e
century of Progress.
Construction work at the Exposition will hnvu tho bcnofit of a million dollars
spent in oxporinontnl vrorlc 0. t (j11icn.go 1 s Century of Progress doveloping quick 0.nd
inexpensivo l:lothods of con struction Yvi tl1 tIlo ~\.ddition to the Exposition staff of
SOl~e of tho non who took Q londing part in thnt expcriDont~l work. Chiof of thoso
r.1.on is .Lilbert l~. Gonsior, liTho is chief of construction for the Grant LoJ{es Exposition,
Qnd will have complete supervision of tho QWQrdinG of contracts nnd oversooing of
0.11 construction.
Mr. Gonsior had chargo of nIl construction ~t the Chicago Fair, and his experience
and bacl(grou:nd bec~)mos Dare significC'\.nt -r.then one rer.10Ilbors tho.t Chicf~go 1rVQS
outstanding o.nong nll pnst expositions not ~~orely
fran the viewpoint of efficiency
~nd attractiveness but also ns Q finQncinl success.
Visitors approaching the socond soction of tho Exposition over the Court of
Presidents 1rill do so at Q considerably higher level thun tho grounds. Novel roof
designs in vQrious brilliant colors,vdll catch the eyo, crenting un illusion of
f8.ntnstic imnge:L\J.
Largo block letters at the top of the buildings 1Jill identi~J
t110D e
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Tho continuation of tho Qxis of the ~nQin
ontrQnce and the bridge cuts this
section in ~vo almost oquQl parts, and this nxis terninntos in tho t1nrino theatre,
an outdoor sto.go setting built
out in the Inl{o, Viithin the bronk:vvD..tor, il.urorc.
borealis lighting o.nd other nO~vel lighti11g effects, tOGother "t'Tith U11usunl stnge
presentations,will bo fOLturod in this distinctive theatre.
Seuts for the theatre
will bo built in n so~i-circle on tho bank of tho In~cJ with Q stretch of WQter
ba~JoGn tho nudienco and the stago.
The greo.ter portion of tl10 lJvestorn half of the 1'1D~in
section of t110 grounds is
occupied by tho Clevolo.nd I.lunicipnl stadium. This great hcrS::)-3~.10C SO~l.ts over
801000 peopla and "tvill bo tlsed for s1JociQI OVG11ts of lan.ny l~inds durinG the Exposition.
IIOI{TICUIJ TUP\./,1.J
G-4~PJ)l~I.JS
Bouvee11 the Stadil111 o.nd the Ic.):C8
shore, j1.1St to tho lflCst of tho Lagoon theatre,
vlill be the three sto~J }Iorticultt.:l.l\. 1 b1..1ildinG, 110vr bcillg erocted [lt a cost of about
;·'~40,000. Its foundc:.tions vrill be 190 foot lonG ['.-nd t30 foet vvido, c.nd VI/ill bo
constructed of stoel frQl~OWork with wood walls und floors,
Foundations will rost
upon floating concreto fnoting. Tllrec stories l1i[;h., it vrill rosonble tho strenDlined
forvrCLrd deck of an oceQn linur, Vvi th t11roo soparate lovel s of outdoor terraces
or decl(s.
The bt1.ilding l.iJill COl'lto.in 20,000 foet of Gxh.ibition SPI..co to be devotod
to transiont flower shows nnd ~n
Gvor-chQnginb series of specinl events.
E11trancc to tho bllildil1g 1rill bo loc~ ted 110~.r tho nort11Gc~st corl1or of tho
sto.diuD, fLt t110 top of a 25-foot in.cli11G vrhcro tv 0 mc..ssive pylons rising to a heiGh.t
'of fifty foet vv-ill fro.me
the ontre-nco.
Tho interior of the str11ct'ure vrill conto.i11 t\.\[(;
sots ::f sto.irs cxto11dine; fr08
tIle top level to tho lovvo::~ or Eround floor. That part of each level ovorlook:ing
the lako will bo enclosod by curvod gl~ss casenonts, nllovring visitors fLn uninterupted
view of tho lako Qro~.
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The lowor floor of tho building will houso Q toa roan, whilo ~ho docks, or
roofs of the -t-vro lovIer level s vrill scrve o.s outdoor ton gC'..rdens, vri th s1:1nll
nttrcctivo tables topped by co.lored unbrollo.s.
FroR the docks of tho Horticultur~l building, tho visitor DQY
sao to tho west
~ view which will not be soon in any other part of i~~oricQ, - Q hillsido covered
with rock gardens, waterfalls and rare plants, Q
500-feot-long panol of short
c·;rootl gro.ss sloping dovmvnlrds nnd torninntinc; iYl 0..
giGantic fountain and roflocting
pool, and 0.
tVTontY'-foot-vrido prortonado 1/ITindinr; bononth tho trees on the odgo of
\jTIon ho le~vcs tho building tho visitor steps out onto CL brand terrQco whoro
thoro will bo g~y unbroll~s1 t~blos ~nd chairs. Tho viow dovm Q 500-foot-long
penol of grass torminntes in Q
rofloctinG pool 60 feot long, with n tall fountnin
surrounded by wntcr Gardons, whoro will bo found aquatic plants and oxotic fish.
On either side of this panol of 1~vn1 is Q flower border of g~y colored annu~ls five
foot vvide ~~.nd extending t~lC full 500 foot of tho lQvm. l\Tcxt to tho 18.1::e is n tvrOI:lt:lfoot-wide
proBonudc shaded by two rows of troes with benchos whore the visitor nny
sit and look ovor LQke Erio.
The walk is just throe feot abovo tho lovel of the
Ie.ko and e:x:tcnds 1000 foct along its edge.
V!etll=--ing o.lOllg tho proTIenc:.do Qfter pn.ssil1.g tho vvr..tor gnrdo11s
the visitor 1vill
soo ton priva.to E)~~ibits of cc;.rdons. Euc11 spn.co is 45 by 27 feet Qnd oach i/Jill be
an oJcEtmplG of D. different type of gn.rden. Ono vvill bo just evergreons, a.nother rQro
varieties of shrubs, a CQctus o~1ibit, Q fornnl gardon, Q rock go.rden, and other
sinilur typos. Tho oxhibits will be sep~rQtod froD ono anothor by ta.ll hodGes.
Another series of 32 gardens, G['~ch ngf""'in sepnrntecl by [L high hedge, vrill shovr
annuo.l flo1l\[ors. IIore tIl0 visitor l:1fly r;et ideo~s for dov-eloping his ovm b'l.ckyc rd.
J~ plot of' 79 hillside Qr':~QS 'tvi tho vvindil1G pat11s Qnd ninio.tl,lrO vrCLtor fnlls wil.l 0.1so
givG ndditionnl sugGostions for hODG
GQrdons.
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11. serios of historicnl g8.rclens 1tvill shorr hoy; gurdons looJ..:od in 1836 1'rhe:n only
t..-L lir:1itod v8.rioty of shrubs Qnd plc.nts Toro 8.vnil·.·'.clo, in 1890 gardon "rrl10n the co..nl1o..
bed and olapho'nt eCLrs Viora tho Dodo, '." 1929 g0..rdon, then, ox~nples of "vrho.t 110t to do
in Q so..rdon Qlong with Q garden in good tCLsto, Qnd finQlly one showing whnt night
bo tho gnrdon of the futuro.
One sido of tho lon~ stretch of Gardens is flanked by n pergola walk, 500 foet
long, yr110ro there 1'Till bo benchos. Tl10rc vFill bo nn.ny ple.ces vlhero the visitor 11QY
si~ o.nd rest, and v.horo ho YJ.ight GQsil~1 irlQgine hir.1salf in SO:Lle Ita.lian l~j:e ville"
Q havon in CL gnrdon Qwny fron crowds nnd the city.
~7()rl: on tho Horticultv.rnl gardens vITiI1 "be dOl1e under Ct YJP1'~ grn11t approved ty
President Roosevelt, the nnount beinG ~178,OOO. This anQunt is in addition to
otllor iraprovononts dono upon tl1.o Grounds of the Exposition or upon tho highvlCLyS
irnm.edintely t..-.djacont to tl1erl amountin 8 to nearly {~11400,OOO, yhich vIil1 bo rushed
to complotion hcfore tho opening of the Exposition.
Of the fodorrl contribution 0158,000 will be usod for Inbor, providing jobs for
800 nen for 100 dC.ys. Tho rOTInini11g ~~20, 000 ill be usod for l':1QteriQ1 s, to vvhich
tho Exposition will add another 020,000 f~r trees, shrubs and hod~os and for supervising
the work. The gardens will covor threo-Qnd-Q-hnlf acres, - Q plot 1,000
feet long and varying froD 200 to 300 f80t wida. Both tho gardens and the Hortic-u.l
turnl uilding, to Dr; built by tho Exposition, vrill bo loft as perno.nont iLlrDV~bGnts
follovins tho closing of the Exposition.
cLrcl1itoct.
J. C•.:-.Tillir"TIs is director of tho I-Iortic1.11turo Gxhibit, and Donald Gray,
In the East h~lf of tho n~in section of tho Exposition grounds will co throe
larGO structures, all of thon lyinE; 1vith th.eir longest dinonsion pL_rnllel vvi th tho
front ontro..nco and lying to tl10 right of the entrr.nce o.xi s. These arc: Ttpnri"'"do
of the Yoars", tho .!1.utoYl.otive Building c.nd the 110,11 of Progress.
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pJ. R_'.DE
OF YE+·A.PS
The settinG for ttPa.radc of tho Years n
vrill bo 10c('..tod just north of tho In.l

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The cast of 200 will be recruitod largely from Cleveland, Qctors and Qctressos
to be selectod ufter tryouts for the various parts. l~ctors will ce selected ~y their
confirmation to certain standards, although stage presonco,
genornl intelligence and
other qualifications will JC nocess~ry.
Rocruiting of the CQst will begin about
LJiny
1, }5r. Runge rf0 rd announcod •
L.PT01IOTIVE BUILDII"1G
Tho .Auto:wotiva b1.lilding 1Jvill lie just to t110 north of the tfpnrndo of tho Years TT
and will house exhi~its of ~uto vehicles und related products. The tuilding will be
541 feet long Qnd 228 feot wide, Qnd will bo styled in typical exposition architccture.
Designed by jmtonia Dc Nardo, nrchitect, tl1c structure is being built by tho
Hunkin-Coru{ey Coo
The building vrill bo c011structed vrith scissor trussos fOITling tyro long gableroofed
buildings, the roofs of which vfill huvc four continuous lines of largo
horizontal louvros for vontilQting purposos.
Tho louvros 1vill bo screenod to
eliminate dust nnd insects.
The space botwoen thG two buildings viII forn an intorior, landscaped oxhibition
court, in which will be shov.~ outdoor Gxhibits. Surroundin~ the structuro at
the entro.ncos 'will bo thirty-bra gi~Qntic
py-lons rcnring Llore th.an 70 foet into the
EQch pylon will be surmounted by G
steel flag pole Giving nn additional height
of thirty feot to the pylons.
Fron each of the poles will be flo1m gny flngs and
banners in keeping with spocinl days and evonts to be celobrated at the Exposition.
The entr~nces 1Till bo protocted Dy illQrqueos indirectly liGhtod to foro 0.
horizontnl line of brillinnt illumination.
ii novol mothod of indirect lighting will
illuminate tho roof louvros at night, Giving the impression of Q building bandod y
horizontal streamors of liGht.
Tbe gabled ends of the buildinc vdll be decorated with reliefs representing
trQnsportntion. Each sculpturo ~Till represent Q differont version of trQvol,
Sl.lch as o.ir, 1tv r 'Ltor, Ift-nd and rc.il tra.nsportevtion.
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--15--
The
steel scissors trusses will be built up of steel angle section8, beiDg
placed twenty feet 8uart, giviLg D conti~uols and unobstr~cted view of the interior
of the bui ld ing.
HA.LL OF PROGRl-JSS
-''':ext building to the north of the l\.utomoti'v'e building, betli\1een it and
the lake,
V'lill be the Hall of Progress, sister buildi!',s to the .l\utornotive. Contract vias let
to the Hun]ci!:.-Conlzey Co., the cost bei11:-.) about ~~125,OOO. The buildint~ viill house
exliibits of public utility co:!rJ81lies and firms vvhich sup:Jly eppliances used with
their prodnct::. Designed by the architectural firm of Hays 3nd Sirpson, the building
1i1Jill be constructed entirely of VlTo(Jd OJ1 a concrete floor. It will be 540 feet
in length and
180 feet ·wid,,·:.
lJo vlirldows 1'vi11 br(;alc the so id line of thE huildillf~.. T S vV811~3, natural ventilation
to bE' furnished by 8 series of contir~uous louvres. The louvres, horizontal
openings in the side 'Jalls, "ViTill .rcep the b ..J,ilding at a 1 C01 fortabJ.c teL;pErF.lture 1Nithout
T1
necEssitating the installation of mcchanicGl coolin~ dcvic~s. Screens placed
T1
over all the side \lv-all oD€nin~;s 811cJ doors '!"Jill elirrinatc the "bothcrsorr:e insEct H
problcIfi.
The lIal1 of Progr(: ss 1/\[il1 pioneer 0 nev.; and uLigue ty. e of building construction
in this country; the: use of ~upDortillg members kno1,\TYl a s rigid frGlTIeS, in place
of steel trusses or hC8vy steel girders. In tIlis systelTl of fr8E~ir6 the colurr:ns and
bCCims arc designed as D continuous rigid unit. EAch unit is constructed on the
grou·'.d fJnd raised into positiorl. 1filith c rninimurn of effort.
lctusl tests conducted recently at the Case School of Applied Science proved
thct the fromc[ designed for the Holl of Progress arc capable of withstanding scvcrol
tim's their cDlculutcd load.
The structur', excluding the interior decorating, plurnbir~, wiring, ctco, will
be corrplcted by r',1L,y 15, D T:1Dttcr of 45 1~Jorkinp:; d[1YS. Later, v\Thcn the YJorl( of 8Ct
1 ls1 C011struction bC?gins, crcv,-Ts v.ri11 v\ork in tvvo shifts with rnorc thaYl 8 hundred
men cInploycd
on the pro.lcct.
-Y10rc-

--16--
Insuring constant illlc1 clQily progros s in constructinn 0f t110 lIQ11 of progress,
f1"o.1"1.03
for tho s tructtlre vril1 be built in tIle shelter spo..c(.; bonoo.tll the StG.diur~,
11111.01"0 Ylorl{ l~lny bo curriod orl TJithout intorfcrancG fror.l bn.d 17oC'vthor.
~'l. qUQrtor of n nile in porinotol':, tl10 110.11 of Progress vril1 hn:ve 100,000 squaro
foet of USGblo c..re8.. Prior to construction, rorla:l0n raust eXCClV8.tc 5,000 cubic f 'ot
cf OQrth and pour 2,000 cubic yurds of concreto, nocossitQtinG 12,000 bQgs of conont.
Construction vrill c0.11 for a.pproxiJJ.nto1:{ thirty cars of l~""1.bor, o.bout 67-5,000
III ndditi011 to tho five 1c:"1"go
piecos of cOl1.structio:n in tho rlQin Exposition
o.roG., - the lIorticu1tu.r.....l building, I~E[.ri2.1e Tlle~"tro, Pf'.rn.dc of tho Yec~rs, .L":.UtOL10tiva
c..nd B~Ql1 of ProGress builain[;s, - tl10i"o vrill L Iso be ."Jll1y s1:1'~vllcr piecos of construction,
l~lOSt of IThich. 1viII bo inclividu.21 c:x:hibiti~)11 bui1c1in'~;s or structures housing
concessions.
TIle third ~ll1.d fil1.o.1 o.re~_ of th.e ExpositiOl1. is til0 o.::-:l1S0Dont soctio}1., yvllich.
lias Ot.- st of E~st l\finth streot, oxtondinG to T7cnti-G(;C~11d stroot.
8n.les of spaco in tho OX1USCi::iOllt arGo. nnd so.les 0f goncrc"l conCGSSiOl1.S
throu[;h-
(Jut tIle groullds are ul'1der ll.lnon R.
SllQffcr, J'__ssocicl.to Director in Cllf.lrGe of nI1userl.ents
and conees sio]·~.s, vr}1ich includes lIorticu1turnl gr"rdons, streets of tho T';Torld
t"'.nd oth.or po.~l o.ttrf\.ctions. ljr. Sllo..ffol'" llLvS siGned sone of tho larGost QI1USenent
onccssions of the country for the nrOQ.
Entrance to tho Il.I1usOrl011.t ",.roC'.. .is tl1rc ugh L" subvray -..)1'" underpass boi:rq; built
J.ndor ErLst IJillth. This structu.l.o vill be built at 0. point hG,lf\;ny botYTeon tho 10J(0-
front rc.ilrond tr8.c]es c..nd tlle 10.1::0. C()ntr['~ct for the undorpo.s s v r'wS lot to the
;'::.( Inck-'(rill Co, Qnd vril1 cost about ~?50,000. It vril1 bo one of tho perr"ancnt
.~_ ~provcT.lonts loft to tl10 lrtl(Qfront

--17--
To be constructod of concrote, the subway will havo n trolvc-foot ceiling
supported by steel girders.
Entrr-:.nce to tho tunnel v.till bo sixty feot in vridth,
and viII be divided into throe soctiJns or lanos, OQch to bo 20 feet wide. The
~IO outer lanes will be usod for podostriQn tr~ffic, while tho single section Qnd
COlltor lane vvill n. CCOT:11:10do.to intraLlur:,-"l eus trQffic tlnd individuC'"1 vohicul n r tro_vol.
NON
Qnd unique ncthods of illuninnti ,n, fonturing indirect lighting, 17ill bo
usod within tho subway.
Bot11 entr~··,nces to tho undorpc.ss vrill bo surrlountoc1 by vVOOd011 super-structuros
bonrinG pa.intod replicas of prehistoric nnitlo.ls, clo~V':ns,
and ghosts, hornldi11C the
r..ppr()~c11 of t11e o.rJUSeIlont zone.
The c.T:.1USeIJ.ont Qro8. 1Jill OCCUP":T forty·-t\"IO [~cros cmd vlill bu dovotod to recroation
and 8.nusoTIont feG.turos of O\TOry type for ~rotlnc and olel. T11ero vlill bc a
cl1ildron f S sectio~J.,
HYaune .L!u~loric("'.n, 1\Thore Y!il1 be found lnini8.ture rostnurQnts,
sod8- founta.ins, Gn.Des, entcrtr:tiI1Ilonts, YJil1ic.ture r~,ilvJ"o.ys c"nd siIJ.ilnr rido dovicos,
Yliord cavos [Lnd fountflills. For oldor fr)ll

- '::':'18--
Occupying ton acres and containing r"!oro thnn 100 structures, tho ~ron.
"fill
consist of vrinding stroets thrG~ding Q mf".zo of buildings of chQrQctori~tic forGi~n
Qrchitocturo, sot off at intervals by plnzns·, squares Qnd courts.
The main entr~nco
will rcsonblc Q nedievnl Europoan cnstlo e Jill itmenso tournnnent field to be used
for pagoants, drills and nationQlity group athletics will be laid out beside the
villago areQ.
A water gate fncing on LQko Erio will provide setting for picturesquo
Qnd bizQrro w~tor
crnft of nIl nntions.
Each nationality will occupy ~ts
ovm individuQl villagG, its occupants wearing
their own Bulti-colorod nativo costilll0S, and providing froo entertainment to visitors
by folIc dnncosj singing nnd instrluJ.entnl TJ.usic and drc~I1Qtic prOsol1tQtions. Typical
Olel YTorld eating plc~cos ·with food nndo and servod in old country styl~s will bo fOU11d
in cQfes, restQurnnts, rathskellers, coffee and chocolate shops,
Artistic and c~~ft
work will be found in the shops, bnzQQrs and nnrkot plQcos.
Skilled workers in iron
and brass, glass, clay, leather, p~por
and fabrics will mako and offer for sale
their Ovvn products. Ganes Qnd ontcrtQiITLlont to be £ound in Europoan FQirs, bnzn~rs,
nnd jahrrnnrl

--19--
PLj~N SPECIfJ J DAYS
Upwards of 400 fr~ternQl,
business nnd civic organizations will have special
days dedicCLted to then, ,viith nn evor-chhilEing prograr.l of fenturcd Qctivitics, ~ o.t
the Exposition undor Louis J. ~lbor, Director or Special DQYs and Evonts.
1;'8 plcnned, special dnys at the Expositioll v/ill cor:ill1.0Ilor:tte groo.t Elon ili~d
VTo~~Lon, Po.st and present, -v-rho hnve brought fo..l:10 to tl1e Gront L0..1:os reGion, c"nd vrill
l.~ar}c the progres s of politicr~l t rends I industri[;.l, b1lsines S Qnc1 civic grovrth.
~:'!honevor possible, the dc.tes selected "\Iv-ill correspond lNith SOTJ.e significant evant
in tho lives of the porsons to bo llonored.
FQtl.od n:uthors, indu3trinlists Qnd in"v'cntors vvill b(~ hOl1ored, as 1Jvill londers
in roligious and educationnl fields.
Universities, citios, and individunl stutos
vrill find thoir plnco il1 the Exposition t s sun, o~ch of thOY.l to hnvo their special
day with appropriate progrnns.
lAnny ndditionQl fOQtures of tho Exposition Qro being evolved constantly and
will bo announcod nt intorvnls previous to tho oponing o£ tho Exposition on Juno 27.
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