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4.1 Data acquisition setup ............................................................................................... 18 4.2 Test for damage detection ......................................................................................... 20 4.2.1 Simulated damage using drilled holes in a laminate .......................................... 20 4.2.2 Simulated damage using a fabricated transverse surface crack ......................... 22 4.2.3 Simulated damage using a fabricated transverse embedded crack .................... 23 CHAPTER 5. FINITE ELEMENT ANALYSIS ..................................................................... 25 5.1 Composite benchmark test ........................................................................................ 25 5.2 Dynamic simulation benchmark tests ....................................................................... 32 5.3 Crack modeling benchmark tests .............................................................................. 35 5.4 PZT modeling ............................................................................................................ 38 5.5 Transverse crack detection using Lamb wave........................................................... 39 5.5.1 Embedded crack model ...................................................................................... 39 5.5.2 Surface crack modeling...................................................................................... 41 5.5.3 Embedded crack at various depth ...................................................................... 44 5.5.4 A surface crack at various locations .................................................................. 45 CHAPTER 6. RESULTS AND DISCUSSION ....................................................................... 48 6.1 Comparison of experimental and modeling results ................................................... 48 6.2 FFT analysis .............................................................................................................. 50 6.2.1 FFT analysis of an embedded crack................................................................... 50 6.2.2 FFT analysis of a surface crack ......................................................................... 53 6.2.3 FFT analysis of a crack at various depths .......................................................... 55 vii
6.2.4 FFT analysis of a surface crack at various locations ......................................... 57 CHAPTER 7. FINITE ELEMENT MODEL FOR OPTIMIZATION .................................... 61 7.1 Interface between MATLAB and Abaqus ................................................................ 61 7.2 Embedded crack test.................................................................................................. 63 CHAPTER 8. CONCLUSIONS AND FUTURE WORK ....................................................... 65 8.1 Conclusions ............................................................................................................... 65 8.2 Recommendations for future work ............................................................................ 66 REFERENCES ........................................................................................................................ 68 APPENDIX A: Conference contributions ............................................................................... 74 APPENDIX B: LabVIEW program ......................................................................................... 75 viii
Page 1 and 2: EXPERIMENTAL ANALYSIS AND FEA MODEL
Page 3 and 4: ABSTRACT Reliable damage detection
Page 5 and 6: ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS I’m extremely gr
Page 7: CONTENTS ABSTRACT ……………
Page 11 and 12: LIST OF FIGURES Figure 1.1. A picto
Page 13 and 14: Figure 5.16. Abaqus models showing
Page 15 and 16: Figure 7.3. A flow chart demonstrat
Page 17 and 18: To ensure performance and to improv
Page 19 and 20: extraction, damage sensitive featur
Page 21 and 22: 2.1 Introduction to Lamb waves CHAP
Page 23 and 24: an actuator located at one end of a
Page 25 and 26: material is such that electrical pu
Page 27 and 28: 2.6 Transverse crack In this thesis
Page 29 and 30: evolutionary algorithms [54] and st
Page 31 and 32: material setup was sealed in a vacu
Page 33 and 34: CHAPTER 4 EXPERIMENTAL ANALYSIS The
Page 35 and 36: This experimental system was found
Page 37 and 38: Figure 4.5. Experimental test resul
Page 39 and 40: width. The composite coupons were f
Page 41 and 42: Table 5.1. Material properties of I
Page 43 and 44: Table 5.3. Comparison of the exact
Page 45 and 46: Figure 5.5. FE model of a composite
Page 47 and 48: interlaminar stresses are dominant.
Page 49 and 50: Figure 5.9. Comparison of exact def
Page 51 and 52: Table 5.7. Material properties of t
Page 53 and 54: 5.4 PZT modeling The PZT actuator w
Page 55 and 56: a) b) Figure 5.16. Abaqus models sh
Page 57 and 58: coupon with a surface crack. A pict
Page 59 and 60:
5.5.3 Embedded crack at various dep
Page 61 and 62:
5.08 mm 5.08 mm 5.08 mm Actuator en
Page 63 and 64:
CHAPTER 6 RESULTS AND DISCUSSION 6.
Page 65 and 66:
6.2 FFT analysis A fast Fourier tra
Page 67 and 68:
Figure 6.5. FFT spectrum based on A
Page 69 and 70:
a) b) Figure 6.8. An enlarged view
Page 71 and 72:
Figure 6.10. Complete FFT spectrum
Page 73 and 74:
enlarged view of the FFT spectrum a
Page 75 and 76:
Figure 6.15. A graphical representa
Page 77 and 78:
Start Abaqus .inp generation Abaqus
Page 79 and 80:
Damage classification was performed
Page 81 and 82:
and dynamic simulation benchmark te
Page 83 and 84:
REFERENCES [1] J. Teresko, "Boeing
Page 85 and 86:
aluminum plates," Ultrasonics, Ferr
Page 87 and 88:
[51] I. Bartoli, "Structural health
Page 89 and 90:
APPENDIX A: Conference contribution
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