immunoassay (eiA) kit - BioNova

Who We Are 

Arbor Assays’ focus (and our fun) is to develop and manufacture 

the highest quality test kits for biomedical research. 

We strive for this the following ways: 

f Treat everyone and everything with dignity and respect 

f Look after our customers 

f Work with our vendors 

f Look after our employees 

f Contribute to our community 

f Give back through charitable efforts 

f Recycle everything we can 

f Look after our environment 

Where We CAme From 

In August 2007, the founders and top scientists from Assay Designs, Inc. formed Luminos. We soon realized that we would 

like to recognize our commitment to our location (beautiful Ann Arbor, Michigan) and to the environment around us. To show 

this awareness the company name was changed to Arbor Assays in the fall of 2009. 

our expertise 

The employees of Arbor Assays have more than 50 years combined experience in designing, developing, building 

and manufacturing both FDA in vitro diagnostic and life sciences research use only assays. 

One thing we NeVer compromise on is Quality. Throughout this catalog you will see the phrase “N-Cal” on 

several of the pages. This refers to kits where the standard is calibrated to the US National Institute of Standards 

and Technology (NIST) Reference Materials. Any kit is only as good as the standard that it is referenced against. 

We always try to utilize the recognized National or International standard for the kit. 

WhAt We Do 

f 

f 

f 

Novel detection and immunoassay kit development and manufacturing—for our own products and for 

the Contract Assay Services we provide 

Contract Chemical Synthesis Routes, Hapten Labeling and Antibody Generation 

Specialized Sample Testing Services 

our CommitmeNt 

Our commitment is to our customers, our suppliers, our community, our environment and ourselves. Our goal is to treat 

everyone with respect and with courtesy as in the quote attributable to Mahatma Gandhi. 

“A customer is the most important visitor on our premises. He is not dependent on us. We are dependent on him. He is 

not an interruption in our work. He is the purpose of it. He is not an outsider in our business. He is part of it. We are not 

doing him a favor by serving him. He is doing us a favor by giving us an opportunity to do so.” 

hoW We Work With you 

We will give you the best technical and customer service support of any company. Our Customer and Technical Support 

scientists go out of their way to help you obtain the right product to achieve an accurate analytical result in a simple 

straightforward unambiguous experiment. That is why so many of our customers make comments like “Wow! you really are 

the best source of ALL information!”, JB, St. Joseph Hospital, Bangor, ME. 

120310 

Our Research The Cure Program donates 

a fixed amount of money for each kit 

purchased to a single charity each year. 

For 2012 the selected charity is: 

Charcot Foundation 

www.ArborAssays.com | info@ArborAssays.com | Ph: +1.734.677.1774

how to order 

proDuCt use 

All of our products are for research use only; Not for Diagnostic or therapeutic use, and are intended for use by 

trained laboratory personnel. 

ViA phoNe 

Call us at 734-677-1774 between the hours of 8:30 am and 5:30 pm EST Monday-Friday. 

ViA FAx 

Fax orders to us 24 hours a day 7 days a week at 734-677-6860 

ViA emAiL 

Please email orders to Orders@ArborAssays.com 

through our Distributors 

Please check our web site (www.ArborAssays.com/distributors/index.asp) for our expanding list of distributors outside 

of the US. If you have a suggestion for a distributor in your country please send us their name and contact information. 

ViA mAiL 

Sales Order Entry 

Arbor Assays 

1514 Eisenhower Place 

Ann Arbor, MI 48108-3284 

USA 

terms AND CoNDitioNs 

We will require a valid Purchase Order from your institution or credit card. We accept Visa, MasterCard, American Express 

or Discover cards. For credit card orders we will need the card number, expiration date, the 3- or 4-digit security, along with 

the name on the card. With all orders we will also need the telephone number and email address(es) of the end user (so that 

shipping or important technical information can be sent) and your Accounts Payable department (if ordering via a PO). 

In some cases we may ask for a credit application to be filled out. Orders are typically shipped via Federal Express Standard 

Overnight or 2-Day AM service. If you wish the order to ship using a different carrier please let our Customer Service experts 

know. They will copy you on the carriers tracking information via email. You can also use your own FedEx or UPS accounts 

if you prefer. 

Our Payment Terms are strictly Net 30 days from shipment date. All payment details can be found at the bottom of the 

Invoice. We accept payment by check, electronic payments (ACH), and wire transfers. 

If we receive your order before 3:30 pm EST it will typically ship that day. In shipping thousands of orders we have never 

been back-ordered. However, there may be a very rare occurrence where the product will still be in manufacturing, especially 

with new or high volume products. If this happens we will let you know as rapidly as we can and make sure that your order 

is shipped as soon as possible. 

WArrANty iNFormAtioN 

Arbor Assays warrants that at the time of shipment this product is free from defects in materials and workmanship. 

This warranty is in lieu of any other warranty expressed or implied, including but not limited to, any implied warranty of 

merchantability or fitness for a particular purpose. 

We must be notified of any breach of this warranty within 48 hours of receipt of the product. No claim shall be honored if we 

are not notified within this time period, or if the product has been stored in any way other than outlined in this publication. 

The sole and exclusive remedy of the customer for any liability based upon this warranty is limited to the replacement of the 

product, or refund of the invoice price of the goods. 

www.ArborAssays.com | info@ArborAssays.com | Ph: +1.734.677.1774 1

2 

index 

Contact Information 2 

How To Place An Order 2 

Terms and Conditions 2 

Warranty Information 2 

Distributors 5 

Technical Information 46-49 

page Catalog # 

Acetylcholinesterase Fluorescent Activity Kit 6 K015-F1 

AChE 6 

ANP 7 

Apicidin NEW! 44/45 P011-1MG/5MG 

Atrial Natriuretic Peptide (ANP) EIA Kits 7 K026-H1/H5 

5-Azacytidine NEW! 44/45 P012-50MG/250MG 

BChE 8 

BIX-01294 NEW! 44/45 P018-5MG/25MG 

Blood Urea Nitrogen (BUN) Detection Kit 41 K024-H1 

BML-210 NEW! 44/45 P013-5MG/25MG 

BML-278 NEW! 44/45 P003-5MG/25MG 

BUN 41 

Butyrylcholinesterase Fluorescent Activity Kit 8 K016-F1 

C-646 NEW! 44/45 P014-5MG/25MG 

cAMP 15 

cAMP Inhibitors 44/45 

Catalase Fluorescent Activity Kit NEW! 9 K033-F1 

Ceruloplasmin Colorimetric Activity Kit NEW! 10 K035-H1 

Chemiluminescence 

cGMP 16 

cGMP Inhibitors 44/45 

Corticosterone CLIA Kits NEW! 11 K014-C1/C5 

Corticosterone EIA 11 K014-H1/H5 

Cortisol Affinity Resin 43 R001-500UL 

Cortisol EIA Kits 12 K003-H1/H1W/H5/H5W 

Cortisone CLIA Kits 13 K017-C1/C5 

Creatinine Serum Detection Kits 14 KB02-H1/H2 

Creatinine Low Volume 384-Well Serum Detection Kit NEW! 14 KB02-H1D 

Creatinine Urinary Detection Kits 14 K002-H1/H5 

Cyclic AMP Direct CLIA kits 15 K019-C1/C5 

Cyclic AMP Direct EIA Kits 15 K019-H1/H5 

Cyclic GMP Direct CLIA kits 16 K020-C1/C5 

Cyclic GMP Direct EIA Kits 16 K020-H1/H5 

Cystatin C EIA Kit 17 K012-H1 

L-Cysteine Monoclonal Antibody 44/45 A002-50UG 



index Continued 

Decitibine NEW! 44/45 P015-10MG/50MG 

13,14-Dihydro-15-keto-Prostaglandin F 2a 

DiMethyl Lysine 4 Histone H3 Polyclonal Antibody 43 A006-100UL 

DyLight ® 488/550 43 

E1Gluc 20 

EIA/ELISA 46 

Estradiol EIA Kits 18 K030-H1/H5 

Estrone EIA Kits NEW! 19 K031-H1/H5 

Estrone-3-Glucuronide (E1G) EIA Kits NEW! 20 K036-H1/H5 

EX-527 NEW! 44/45 P005-5MG/25MG 

FK-866 NEW! 44/45 P006-5MG/25Mg 

Formaldehyde Fluorescent Detection Kit 21 K001-F1 

Garcinol NEW! 44/45 P017-5MG/25MG 

Glutathione Colorimetric Detection Kit 22 K006-H1 

Glutathione Colorimetric Cuvette Detection Kits NEW! 22 K006-H1L/H1H 

Glutathione Fluorescent Detection Kits 22 K006-F1/F5 

Glutathione Monoclonal Antibody 43 A001-50UG 

Glutathione Monoclonal Antibody DyLight ® 488/550 43 A001F-50UG/A001T-50UG 

Glutathione Reductase Fluorescent Activity Kit 23 K009-F1 

Glutathione S-Transferase Fluorescent Activity Kit 24 K008-F1 

GSH 22 

GSSG 22 

GST 24 

H 2 O 2 

HDM 26 

Hemoglobin Colorimetric Detection Kit 25 K013-H1 

Hexyl-4-Pentynoic Acid (HPA) NEW! 43 P008-10MG/590MG 

Hgb 25 

Histone Demethylase Fluorescent Activity Kit 26 K010-F1 

Histone H3 Polyclonal Antibody 43 A004-100UL 

Hydrogen Peroxide Fluorescent Detection Kit NEW! 27 K034-F1 

IBMX NEW! 43 P019-100MG/1GM 

L-Cysteine Monoclonal Antibody 43 A002-50UG 

LSD1 Polyclonal Antibody 43 A003-100UL 

MonoMethyl Lysine 4 - Histone H3 Polyclonal antibody 43 A005-100UL 

Mouse IgG, Fc, Goat Antibody NEW! 43 A008-10MG/25MG 

Nitric Oxide Colorimetric Detection Kit 28 K023-H1 

www.ArborAssays.com | info@ArborAssays.com | Ph: +1.734.677.1774 3 

34 

27

4 

index Continued 


Obelin Bioluminescent Protein 42 L001-50UG/100UG 

OPN 29 

Osteopontin EIA Kit NEW! 29 K021-H1 

P450 Demethylating Fluorescent Activity Kit 30 K011-F1 

Palladium API Fluorescent Detection Kit 31 K007-F1 

PDG 33 

PGE 2 

PGFM EIA Kits 32 K022-H1/H5 

Phenylbutyrate, Sodium NEW! 44/45 P007-1GM 

Piceatannol NEW! 44/45 P009-5MG/25MG 

PKA Colorimetric Activity Kit 35 K027-H1 

Pregnanediol-3 Glucuronide NEW! 33 K037-H1/H5 

Progesterone EIA Kits 34 K025-H1/H5 

Prostaglandin E 2 CLIA Kits 36 K018-C1/C5 

Prostaglandin E 2 EIA Kits 36 K018-H1/H5 

Prostaglandin E 2 High Sensitivity EIA Kits 36 K018-HX1/HX5 

PKA 35 

Rabbit IgG, Fc, Goat Antibody NEW! 43 A009-10MG/25MG 

RBP 37 

Resveratrol NEW! 44/45 P002-100MG/500MG 

Retinol Binding Protein Serum EIA Kit 37 K004-H1 

Retinol Binding Protein Urinary EIA Kit 37 KU04-H1 

SAHA NEW! 44/45 P004-50MG/250MG 

Sheep IgG, Donkey Antibody NEW! 43 A010-10MG/25MG 

Sirtinol NEW! 44/45 P016-5MG/25MG 

SOD 38 

Sodium Valproate 44/45 

Superoxide Dismutase Colorimetric Activity Kit 38 K028-H1 

Testosterone EIA Kits NEW! 39 K032-H1/H5 

Thiol Fluorescent Detection Kit 40 K005-F1 

ThioStar ® Thiol Detection Reagent 42 L002-50UG/100UG/250UG/500UG 

Tranylcypromine 44/45 X042-1EA 

Trichostatin A NEW! 44/45 P010-1MG 

TriMethyl Lysine4 Histone H3 Polyclonal Antibody 43 A007-100UL 

Urea Nitrogen (BUN) Colorimetric Detection Kit 41 K024-H1 

Urinary Creatinine Detection Kits 14 

Urinary Retinol Binding Protein EIA Kit 37 

Valproate, Sodium NEW! 44/45 P001-5GM 

Vorinostat 44/45 

36 


international Distributors 

Co u n t r y Di s t r i b u t o r We b s i t e Co u n t r y Di s t r i b u t o r We b s i t e 

Argentina AbBcn www.Antibody.com.ar kuwait DPC Lebanon www.dpcleb.com 

Australia BioScientific www.biosci.com.au Lebanon DPC Lebanon www.dpcleb.com 

VWR au.vwr.com Luxembourg Bio-Connect www.bio-connect.nl 

Austria BIOTREND www.biotrend.com Gentaur www.gentaur.com 

bahrain DPC Lebanon www.dpcleb.com SanBio www.sanbio.nl 

belarus BioTest www.biotst.net malaysia Axon www.axonscientific.com 

belgium Bio-Connect www.bio-connect.nl mexico Bioselec www.bioselec.com.mx 

Gentaur www.gentaur.com Netherlands Bio-Connect www.bio-connect.nl 

SanBio www.sanbio.nl Gentaur www.gentaur.com 

brazil Life Sciences www.life-sciences.com.br SanBio www.sanbio.nl 

Sellex www.sellex.com New Zealand BioScientific www.biosci.com.au 

Canada Arbor Assays www.arborassays.com Global Science www.globalscience.co.nz 

Cedarlane www.cedarlanelabs.com Nigeria Egy-Chem www.egy-chem.com 

Chile AbCL www.antibody.cl Norway Nordic Biosite www.nordicbiosite.com 

China Beijing Sheng Kebo www.fanbiotech.com oman DPC Lebanon www.dpcleb.com 

biocoen www.biocoen.com pakistan 3A Medical 3a_medicalsys@live.com 

Dakewe www.dakewe.net poland LuBioSciences www.lubio.ch 

Shanghai Universal www.univ-bio.com portugal bioNova www.bionova.es 

Zhonghao (Biopcr) www.biopcr.com Labnet www.labnet.es 

Czechoslovakia LuBioSciences www.lubio.ch Qatar Astra Medcare www.astramedcare.com 

Denmark Nordic Biosite www.nordicbiosite.com DPC Lebanon www.dpcleb.com 

egypt DPC Lebanon www.dpcleb.com russia BioTest www.biotst.net 

Egy-Chem www.egy-chem.com saudi Arabia DPC Lebanon www.dpcleb.com 

Finland Nordic Biosite www.nordicbiosite.com Salima www.salimacorp.com 

France Euromedex www.euromedex.com singapore vCell Science www.vcellscience.com 

germany BIOTREND www.biotrend.com south Africa Biocom Biotech www.biocombiotech.co.za 

hungary LuBioSciences www.lubio.ch spain bioNova www.bionova.es 

india Biogenuix www.biogenuix.com sudan Egy-Chem www.egy-chem.com 

indonesia PT Genetika www.ptgenetika.com sweden Nordic Biosite www.nordicbiosite.com 

iraq DPC Lebanon www.dpcleb.com switzerland BIOTREND www.biotrend.com 

ireland Bioquote www.bioquote.com LuBioSciences www.lubio.ch 

Tebu-Bio www.tebu-bio.com taiwan Level www.level.com.tw 

israel Enco www.enco.co.il thailand Bio-Active www.bio-active.co.th 

ms-biotec www.ms-biotec.co.il turkey Oksante www.oksante.com.tr 

italy TEMA RICERCA www.temaricerca.com uk Bioquote www.bioquote.com 

Japan Funakoshi www.funakoshi.co.jp Tebu-Bio www.tebu-bio.com 

Nacalai www.nacalai.co.jp uAe DPC Lebanon www.dpcleb.com 

Jordan DPC Lebanon www.dpcleb.com ukraine BioTest www.biotst.net 

kazakhstan BioTest www.biotst.net us Arbor Assays www.ArborAssays.com 

korea Dong In Biotech www.donginbio.com Cedarlane www.cedarlanelabs.com 


6 

Detectx ® 

Acetylcholinesterase (AChe) Fluorescent Activity kit 

Catalog No: K015-F1 (2 Plate) 

FeAtures 

f Use Measure AChE Activity in 20 Minutes 

f 

f 

f 

Sample CSF, Serum, Plasma, and solublized RBC ghosts 

Species Human and other mammalian species 

Samples/Kit 90 in Duplicate 

iNtroDuCtioN 

Acetylcholinesterases (AChE) appear critical to both development and function of the nervous system. The use of AChE 

inhibitors as therapeutic agents and pesticides has spurred detailed investigations of cholinesterases. Acetylcholine (ACh) is 

an essential neurotransmitter in the central and peripheral nervous systems. In the brain multiple areas exist where cholinergic 

neurons are concentrated. Nicotinic and muscarinic acetylcholine receptors are recognized as binding and effector proteins 

to mediate chemical neurotransmission at neurons, ganglia, heart and smooth muscle fibers and glands. 

The DetectX® Acetylcholinesterase Activity kit is designed to quantitatively measure AChE activity in a variety of samples such 

as diluted CSF, serum, plasma and RBC ghosts from a number of species. A human AChE standard is provided to generate 

a standard curve for the assay. The kit utilizes a proprietary non-fluorescent molecule, ThioStar®, that covalently binds to 

the thiol product of the reaction between the AChE Substrate and AChE in the standards or samples, yielding a fluorescent 

product read at 510 nm in a fluorescent plate reader with excitation at 390 nm. The readout of this AChE activity assay is 

purely chemical and no other enzymes are involved, and therefore few interferents will affect the readings obtained. 

typiCAL DAtA 

reLAteD proDuCts 

Butyrylcholinesterase Activity Kit Catalog No. K016-F1 Page 8 

Hemoglobin Dual Range Detection Kit Catalog No. K013-H1 Page 25 

Urea Nitrogen (BUN) Detection Kit Catalog No. K024-H1 Page 41 

ThioStar ® Detection System Catalog No. L002 Page 42 


Detectx ® 

Atrial Natriuretic peptide (ANp) immunoassay (eiA) kits 

FeAtures 

f Use Quantitate ANP in a variety of samples 

f 

f 

f 

f 

Sample Plasma or Urine samples 

Samples/kit 40 in Duplicate in 1 plate kit, 232 with 5 plate kit 

Range 180-0.74 ng/mL 

Stability Liquid, 4°C Stable Reagents 

Catalog No: K026-H1 (1 Plate) K026-H5 (5 Plate) 

iNtroDuCtioN 

Atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP), a peptide hormone secreted mostly by cardiac myocytes, is a potent natriuretic, diuretic 

and vasodilatory peptide that contributes to blood pressure and volume homeostasis. ANP is released by myocytes in 

response to atrial distension. Upon binding to cell surface receptors (NPR-A, B, and C, also termed guanylyl cyclase-A and B 

receptors), ANP acts through generation of cyclic guanosine monophosphate (cGMP). Atrial natriuretic peptide demonstrates 

hemodynamic and glomerular effects, which increase sodium and water load delivery to the tubules, and the inhibition of the 

release of renin, aldosterone and vasopressin. 

The DetectX® Atrial Natriuretic Peptide (ANP) Immunoassay kits are designed to measure ANP present in plasma and 

urine samples. An ANP standard is provided for the assays. Standards or samples are pipetted into a coated microtiter 

plate. An ANP conjugate is added to the wells. The binding reaction is initiated by the addition of a rabbit polyclonal 

antibody to ANP. After an hour incubation, the plate is washed and substrate is added. The substrate reacts with the bound 

ANP conjugate. After a short incubation the intensity of the generated color is measured at 450 nm. 

typiCAL DAtA 


Cyclic AMP Direct EIA and CLIA Kits Catalog No. K019-H/C Page 15 

Cyclic GMP Direct EIA and CLIA Kits Catalog No. K020-H/C Page 16 

Phosphokinase A (PKA) Activity Kit Catalog No. K027-H1 Page 35 

Nitric Oxide Detection Kit Catalog No. K023-H1 Page 28 


8 

Detectx ® 

butyrylcholinesterase (bChe) Fluorescent Activity kit 


FeAtures 

f Use Measure BChE Activity in 20 Minutes 

f 

f 

f 

Sample CSF, Serum, and Plasma 



iNtroDuCtioN 

Butyrylcholinesterase (BChE) belongs to the same structural class of proteins as acetylcholinesterase (AChE). The 440kDa 

tetrameric glycoprotein is predominantly found in blood, kidneys, intestine, liver, lung, heart and the central nervous system. 

BChE preferentially acts on butyrylcholine, but also hydrolyzes acetylcholine. BChE hydrolyzes ester-containing drugs 

and scavenges cholinesterase inhibitors, such as succinylcholine, before they have a chance to reach synaptic targets. A 

deficiency of BChE can result in delayed metabolism of various drugs, such as cocaine, and treatment with doses of BChE 

can help in overcoming their physiological effects. 

In Alzheimer’s disease the reduction in choline acetyltransferase leads to a decrease in acetylcholine and acetylcholinesterase 

activity, which appears to cause an increase in BChE activity. Selective BChE inhibitors prevent the formation of new betaamyloid 

plaques, which are created by BChE cleaving APP to beta-amyloid. BChE-positive neurons project to the frontal 

cortex portion of the brain. BChE may have roles in attention, executive function, emotional memory and behaviour. As 

dementia advances, BChE activity has been shown to increase, while AChE activity decreases, leaving the potential for 

BChE activity to be used as a biomarker for progression or target for future therapies. 

The DetectX® Butyrylcholinesterase Activity kit is designed to quantitatively measure BChE activity in a variety of samples 

such as diluted CSF, serum, and plasma from a number of species. A human BChE standard is provided to generate a 

standard curve for the assay. The kit utilizes a proprietary non-fluorescent molecule, ThioStar®, that covalently binds to the 

thiol product of the reaction between the BChE Substrate and BChE in the standards or samples, yielding a fluorescent 

product read at 510 nm in a fluorescent plate reader with excitation at 390 nm. The readout of this BChE activity assay is 

purely chemical and no other enzymes are involved, and few interferents will affect the readings obtained. 

typiCAL DAtA 


Acetylcholinesterase Activity Kit Catalog No. K015-F1 Page 6 



ThioStar® Detection System Catalog No. L002 Page 42 


FeAtures 

f Complete Everything needed to measure Catalase activity 

f 

f 

f 

Stable Liquid, 4°C stable reagents 

Rapid 45 minute assay 

Economical 89 Samples 

Detectx ® 

Catalase Fluorescent Activity kit 


iNtroDuCtioN 

Hydrogen peroxide, H 2 O 2 is one of the most frequently occurring reactive oxygen species. It is formed either in the environment 

or as a by-product of aerobic metabolism, superoxide formation and dismutation, or as a product of oxidase activity. Both 

excessive hydrogen peroxide and its decomposition product hydroxyl radical, formed in a Fenton-type reaction, are harmful 

for most cell components. One of the most efficient ways of removing peroxide is through the enzyme catalase, which is 

encoded by a single gene, and is highly conserved among species. Mammals, including humans and mice, express catalase 

in all tissues, and a high concentration of catalase can be found in the liver, kidneys and erythrocytes. The expression is 

regulated at transcription, post-transcription and post-translation levels. High catalase activity is detected in peroxisomes. 

More recently, short wavelength UV radiation has been shown to produce reactive oxygen species (ROS) through the action 

of catalase. This response is thought to act as a mechanism to protect DNA by converting damaging UV radiation into ROS 

species that can be metabolized and detoxified by cellular antioxidant enzymes. 

The DetectX® Catalase Activity Kit is designed to quantitatively measure catalase activity in a variety of samples. A 

bovine catalase standard is provided. Samples are diluted in the provided Assay Buffer and added to the wells of a half 

area black plate. Hydrogen peroxide is added to each well and the plate incubated at room temperature for 30 minutes. 

The supplied Fluorescent Detection Reagent is added, followed by diluted horseradish peroxidase and incubated at 

room temperature for 15 minutes. The HRP reacts with the substrate in the presence of hydrogen peroxide to produce a 

fluorescent product. The fluorescent product is read at 590 nm with excitation at 570 nm. Increasing levels of catalase 

in the samples causes a decrease in H 2 O 2 concentration and a reduction in fluorescent product. 

typiCAL DAtA 

Mean FLU 

40,000 

35,000 

30,000 

25,000 

20,000 

Mean FLU 

15,000 

10,000 

5,000 

0 

0 1.0 2.0 3.0 4.0 5.0 

Catalase Activity (U/mL) 


Hydrogen Peroxide Fluorescent Detection Kit Catalog No. K034-F1 Page 27 

Glutathione Fluorescent Detection Kits Catalog No. K006-F1/F5 Page 22 

Superoxide Dismutase Activity Kit Catalog No. K028-H1 Page 38 

Glutathione Colorimetric Detection Kit Catalog No. K006 Page 22 


10 

Detectx ® 

Ceruloplasmin (Cp) Colorimetric Activity kit 

Catalog No: K035-H1 (2 Plate) Patents Pending 

FeAtures 

f Use Non-invasive Multi-Species Pregnancy Marker 

f 

f 

f 

Sample Urine 


Samples/Kit 88 in Duplicate with Full Standard Curve 

iNtroDuCtioN 

Ceruloplasmin (Cp) is a multicopper oxidase enzyme involved in the safe handling of oxygen in some metabolic pathways 

of vertebrates. Discovered in 1948, a blue protein from the a2-globulin fraction of human serum possessing oxidase activity 

towards aromatic diamines and catechol was purified by Holmberg and Laurell. It was denoted ceruloplasmin, literally 

meaning ‘a blue substance from plasma’. Specialized copper sites have been recruited during evolution to provide longrange 

electron transfer reactivity and oxygen binding and activation in proteins destined to cope with oxygen reactivity in 

different organisms. Ceruloplasmin belongs to the family of multicopper oxidases which are among the few enzymes able 

to bind molecular oxygen to perform its complete reduction to water. Ceruloplasmin contains 95% of the copper in serum. 

Cp found in serum is expressed in the liver, but it is also expressed in the brain, lung, spleen and testis. 

Aceruloplasminaemia is an autosomal recessive disorder of iron metabolism characterized by the complete absence of 

ceruloplasmin. The role of Cp in tissue iron overload and the subsequent clinical findings of diabetes, retinal degeneration 

and neurodegeneration has been associated with iron overload in aceruloplasminaemic patients. Thus it is clearly indicated 

that ceruloplasmin plays an essential role in iron metabolism. Ceruloplasmin is also associated with reproduction. Copperdeficient 

female rats seem to be protected against mortality. This protection has been suggested to be provided by 

estrogens, since estrogens alter the subcellular distribution of copper in the liver, an increase in plasma copper levels and 

subsequent ceruloplasmin synthesis. 

The DetectX® Ceruloplasmin Activity Kit is designed to quantitatively measure ceruloplasmin activity in urine samples. A 

human ceruloplasmin standard is provided. Samples are diluted in the provided Assay Buffer and added to the wells of a 

half area clear plate. The reconstituted Ceruloplasmin Substrate is added and the plate is incubated at 30°C for 60 minutes. 

The ceruloplasmin in the standards and samples react with the substrate to produce a colored product. The optical density 

is read at 560 nm. Increasing levels of ceruloplasmin in the samples cause an increase in the fuschia (pink/purple) product. 

The results are expressed in terms of units of ceruloplasmin activity per mL. 

typiCAL DAtA 


Estradiol EIA Kits Catalog No. K030-H1/H5 Page 18 

PGFM EIA Kits Catalog No. K022-H1/H5 Page 32 

Estrone-3-Glucuronide (E1G) EIA Kits Catalog No. K036-H1/H5 Page 20 

Pregnanediol Glucuronide (PDG) EIA Kits Catalog No. K037-H1/H5 Page 33 


Detectx ® 

Corticosterone immunoassay (eiA and CLiA) kits 

Colorimetric Catalog No: K014-H1 (1 Plate) K014-H5 (5 Plate) 

Chemiluminescent Catalog No: K014-C1 (1 Plate) K014-C5 (5 Plate) 

FeAtures 

f Use Non-Invasive Fecal Extracts, Serum, Plasma and TCM 

f Sample Size 2 µL serum or plasma needed 

f 

f 

Fecal/Urine Mice, rats, apes, cattle, deer, equids, felids, and ungulates 

Samples/Kit 39 in Duplicate in 1 plate kit, 231 with 5 plate kit 

iNtroDuCtioN 

Corticosterone (C 21 H 30 O 4 , Kendall’s Compound ‘B’) is a glucocorticoid secreted by the cortex of the adrenal gland. 

Corticosterone is produced in response to stimulation of the adrenal cortex by ACTH and is the precursor of aldosterone. 

Corticosterone is a major indicator of stress and is the major stress steroid produced in non-human mammals. Studies 

involving corticosterone and levels of stress include impairment of long term memory retrieval, chronic corticosterone 

elevation due to dietary restrictions and in response to burn injuries. In addition to stress levels, corticosterone is believed 

to play a decisive role in sleep-wake patterns. 

Corticosterone 

The DetectX® Corticosterone Immunoassay kits is designed to quantitatively measure corticosterone present in extracted 

dried fecal samples, serum, plasma and tissue culture media samples. This kit measures total corticosterone in serum, 

plasma and in extracted fecal samples. A corticosterone standard is provided for the assay. Standards or samples are 

pipetted into a coated microtiter plate. A corticosterone-peroxidase conjugate is added to the wells. The binding reaction 

is initiated by the addition of a sheep polyclonal antibody to corticosterone. After an hour incubation the plate is washed 

and substrate is added. The substrate reacts with the bound corticosterone-peroxidase conjugate. For the EIA kits, the 

reaction is stopped after a short incubation the plate read at 450 nm. For the CLIA kits, the light is read immediately. 

typiCAL DAtA 


Cortisol EIA Kits Catalog No. K003-H1/H5 Page 12 

Cortisone CLIA Kits Catalog No. K017-C1/C5 Page 13 

Urinary Creatinine Kits Catalog No. K002-H1/H5 Page 14 

Hemoglobin Dual Range Kit Catalog No. K013-H1 Page 25 

Urea Nitrogen (BUN) Kit Catalog No. K024-H1 Page 41 


12 

Detectx ® 

Cortisol immunoassay (eiA) kits 

Strip Wells Catalog No.: K003-H1 (1 Plate) K003-H5 (5 Plate) 

Whole Plate Catalog No.: K003-H1W (1 Plate) K003-H5W (5 Plate) 

FeAtures 

f Use Non-Invasive Urine or Fecal Extracts, Serum, Plasma, Saliva and TCM 

f 

f 

f 

f 

Serum/Plasma Tested in human through fish samples 

Fecal Samples Apes, cattle, deer, equids, felids, and ungulates 


Stability All Liquid Reagents Stable at 4°C 

iNtroDuCtioN 

Cortisol, C 21 H 30 O 5 , (hydrocortisone, compound F) is the primary glucocorticoid produced and secreted by the adrenal 

cortex. It is often referred to as the “stress hormone” as it is involved in the response to stress and it affects blood 

pressure, blood sugar levels, and other actions of stress adaptation. Immunologically, cortisol functions as an important 

anti-inflammatory and plays a role in hypersensitivity, immunosuppression, and disease resistance. In the metabolic aspect, 

cortisol promotes gluconeogenesis, liver glycogen deposition, and the reduction of glucose utilization. Production of 

cortisol follows an ACTH-dependent circadian rhythm, with a peak level in the morning and decreasing levels throughout 

the day. Most serum cortisol, all but about 4%, is bound to proteins including corticosteroid binding globulin and serum 

albumin. Only free cortisol is available to most receptors and it is through these receptors that physiological processes 

are modulated. Abnormal cortisol levels are being evaluated for correlation with a variety of different conditions, such 

as prostate cancer, depression, and schizophrenia. It is already known that abnormal levels of cortisol are involved in 

Cushing’s Syndrome and Addision’s disease. 

Cortisol 

The DetectX® Cortisol Immunoassay kit measures cortisol present in extracted fecal samples, urine, serum, plasma, saliva 

and TCM samples. This kit measures total cortisol in serum and plasma and in extracted fecal samples. A cortisol standard, 

calibrated to the NIST cortisol standard, is provided for the assay. Standards or samples are pipetted into a coated clear 

microtiter plate. A cortisol-peroxidase conjugate is added to the wells. The binding reaction is initiated by the addition of a 

monoclonal antibody to cortisol. After an hour incubation the plate is washed and substrate is added. The substrate reacts 

with the bound cortisol-peroxidase conjugate and the color is measured at 450 nm. 

typiCAL DAtA 


Corticosterone EIA Kits Catalog No. K014-H1/H5 Page 11 

Cortisone CLIA Kit Catalog No. K017-C1/C5 Page 13 

Urinary Creatinine Detection Kit Catalog No. K002-H1/H5 Page 14 



Detectx ® 

Cortisone Chemiluminescent immunoassay (CLiA) kits 

FeAtures 

f Use Measure the Activity of 11ß-HSD Enzymes 

f 

f 

f 

Samples Serum, Saliva, Urine and Fecal Extracts 



Catalog No: K017-C1 (1 Plate) K017-C5 (5 Plate) 

iNtroDuCtioN 

Cortisone (C 21 H 28 O 5 , Kendall’s Compound ‘E’) was identified by extraction from bovine suprarenal gland tissue. Compound 

E was soon identified as cortisone. The more active Compound F, cortisol, and cortisone vary due to the activity of 

two 11ß-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenases (11ß-HSD). 11ß-HSD1 is found primarily in the liver where it converts cortisone 

to cortisol while 11ß-HSD2 is found in tissues such as the kidney where cortisol receptor binding is required. 11ß-HSD2 

deactivates cortisol to cortisone, prohibiting receptor activation. This glucocorticoid “shuttle” helps to initiate and regulate 

the anti-inflammatory response. Monitoring the ratio of cortisone:cortisol has applications in diabetes, obesity, metabolic 

syndrome, osteoporosis, and chronic fatigue syndrome in addition to adrenal diseases. 

Cortisone 

The DetectX® Cortisone Immunoassay kit measures cortisone present in serum, saliva, urine and extracted dried fecal 

samples. This kit measures total cortisone in serum, urine and in extracted fecal samples. A cortisone standard is provided. 

Standards or samples are pipetted into a coated white microtiter plate. A cortisone-peroxidase conjugate is added to the 

wells. The binding reaction is initiated by the addition of a polyclonal antibody to cortisone. After a 2 hour incubation the 

plate is washed and substrate is added. The substrate reacts with the bound cortisone-peroxidase conjugate. The emitted 

light is read immediately for 0.1 sec per well in a multi-label plate reader. 

typiCAL DAtA 

Cortisone 


Cortisol EIA Kits Catalog No. K003-H1/H5 Page 12 

Corticosterone EIA Kits Catalog No. K014-H1/H5 Page 11 





14 

Detectx ® 

Creatinine urine and serum Detection kits 

Urinary Creatinine Catalog No.: K002-H1 (2 Plate) K002-H5 (10 Plate) 

Serum Creatinine Catalog No.: KB02-H1/H2 (2/4 Plate) KB02-H1D (384 well) 

FeAtures urinary kit serum kit 

f Use Urine Volume Kidney Damage 

f 

f 

f 

f 

Species Species Independent Most species 

Calibrated NIST Standard Reference #914a NIST Standard Reference #914a 

Samples/Kit 88 or 472 in Duplicate 91/187 in Duplicate, 187 for Low Volume 384 well 

Stability All Liquid Reagents Stable at 4°C All Liquid Reagents Stable at 4°C 

iNtroDuCtioN 

Creatinine (2-amino-1-methyl-5H-imadazol-4-one) is a metabolite of phosphocreatine (p-creatine), a molecule used as a 

store for high-energy phosphate that can be utilized by tissues for the production of ATP. Creatine and p-creatine are 

converted non-enzymatically to the metabolite creatinine, which diffuses into the blood and is excreted by the kidneys. Its 

formation occurs at a rate that is relatively constant and, as intra-individual variation is

Detectx ® 

Cyclic Amp Direct immunoassay (eiA and CLiA) kits 

Colorimetric Catalog No: K019-H1 (1 Plate) K019-H5 (5 Plate) 


FeAtures 

f Use Measure cAMP in cells, saliva, urine, plasma and tissue 

f 

f 

f 

f 

Convenient Lyse, stabilize and measure in one step - Results in < 3 Hours 

Sensitive EIA kit : 4.2 fmol cAMP CLIA: 0.75 fmol cAMP 

Samples/Kit EIA kit: 39 or 231 in Duplicate CLIA: 38 or 230 in Duplicate 


iNtroDuCtioN 

Adenosine-3’,5’-cyclic monophosphate, or cyclic AMP (cAMP), C 10 H 12 N 5 O 6 P, is one of the most important second messengers 

and a key intracellular regulator. Discovered by Sutherland and Rall in 1957, it functions as a mediator of activity for a number 

of hormones, including epinephrine, glucagon, and ACTH. Adenylate cyclase is activated by the hormones glucagon and 

adrenaline and by G protein. Liver adenylate cyclase responds more strongly to glucagon, and muscle adenylate cyclase 

responds more strongly to adrenaline. cAMP decomposition into AMP is catalyzed by the enzyme phosphodiesterase. In 

the Human Metabolome Database there are 166 metabolic enzymes listed that convert cAMP. Other biological actions of 

cAMP include regulation of innate immune functioning, axon regeneration, cancer, and inflammation. 

Cyclic Amp 

The DetectX® Direct Cyclic AMP (cAMP) Immunoassay kits are designed to quantitatively measure cAMP present in lysed 

cells or tissue, EDTA and heparin plasma, urine, saliva and tissue culture media samples. The kit is unique in that all 

samples are diluted into an acidic Sample Diluent for cAMP measurement. The treated samples are stable and endogenous 

phosphodiesterases are inactivated in the Sample Diluent. A microtiter plate coated with an antibody to capture IgG is 

provided. Samples are pipetted into the primed wells. A cAMP-peroxidase conjugate is added and the binding reaction 

is initiated by the addition of antibody to cAMP. After a 2 hour incubation, the plate is washed and substrate is added. 

The substrate reacts with the bound cAMP-peroxidase conjugate. For the EIA kits, the reaction is stopped after a short 

incubation the plate read at 450 nm. For the CLIA kits, the light is read immediately. 

typiCAL DAtA 


Cyclic GMP Direct EIA and CLIA Kits Catalog No. K020-H/C Page 16 


IBMX - Pan-specific PDE Inhibitor Catalog No. P019-100MG/1G Page 44/45 


16 

Detectx ® 

Cyclic gmp Direct immunoassay (eiA and CLiA) kits 

Colorimetric Catalog No:. K020-H1 (1 Plate) K020-H5 (5 Plate) 

Chemiluminescent Catalog No.: K020-C1 (1 Plate) K020-C5 (5 Plate) 

FeAtures 

f Use Measure cGMP in cells, saliva, urine, plasma and tissue 

f 

f 

f 

f 

Convenient Lyse, stabilize and measure in one step 

Sensitive EIA kit : 9.4 fmol cGMP CLIA: 1.15 fmol cGMP 

Samples/Kit EIA kit: 39 or 231 in Duplicate CLIA: 39 or 231 in Duplicate 


iNtroDuCtioN 

Guanosine 3’, 5’-cyclic monophosphate (cyclic GMP; cGMP) is a critical and multifunctional second messenger present at 

levels typically 10-100 fold lower than cAMP in most tissues. Intracellular cGMP is formed by the action of the enzyme 

guanylate cyclase on GTP and degraded through phosphodiesterase hydrolysis. Guanylate cyclases (GC) are either soluble 

or membrane bound. Soluble GCs are nitric oxide responsive, whereas membrane bound GCs respond to hormones such as 

acetylcholine, insulin and oxytocin. Other chemicals like serotonin and histamine also cause an increase in cGMP levels. Cyclic 

GMP regulates cellular composition through cGMP-dependent kinase, cGMP-dependent ion channels or transporters, and 

through its hydrolytic degradation by phosphodiesterase. 

Cyclic gmp 

The DetectX® Direct Cyclic GMP (cGMP) Immunoassay kits are designed to quantitatively measure cGMP present in lysed cells or 

tissue, EDTA and heparin plasma, urine, saliva and tissue culture media samples. The kit is unique in that all samples are diluted 

into an acidic Sample Diluent for cGMP measurement. The cGMP in the samples is stable and endogenous phosphodiesterases are 

inactivated in the Sample Diluent. A cGMP standard is provided. A microtiter plate coated with an antibody to capture mouse IgG 

is provided and a neutralizing Plate Primer solution is added to all wells. Samples, either with or without acetylation, are pipetted 

into the primed wells. A cGMP-peroxidase conjugate is added and the binding reaction is initiated by the addition of a mouse 

monoclonal antibody to cGMP. After a 2 hour incubation for the EIA or a 16 hour for the CLIA, the plate is washed and substrate 

is added. The substrate reacts with the bound cGMP-peroxidase conjugate. For the EIA kits, the reaction is stopped after a short 

incubation the plate read at 450 nm. For the CLIA kits, the light emitted is read immediately. 

typiCAL DAtA 

%B/B0 

100 

90 

80 

70 

60 

50 

%B/B0 

40 

30 

20 

10 

0 

0.01 0.1 1 10 100 

Cyclic GMP Conc. (pmol/mL) 

H1/H5 

H1/H5 Acetylated 

C1/C5 

C1/C5 Acetylated 


ANP EIA Kits Catalog No. K026-H1 Page 7 



IBMX - Pan-specific PDE Inhibitor Catalog No. P019-100MG/1G Page 44/45 


FeAtures 

f Use Kidney Injury Marker 

f 

f 

f 

f 

Sample Type Serum, Plasma, Urine or TCM 

Samples/Kit 40 Samples in Duplicate 

Detectx ® 

human Cystatin C enzyme immunoassay (eiA) kit 


Performance 0.156-10 ng/mL in 2 Hours 

Catalog No.: K012-H1 (1 Plate) 

iNtroDuCtioN 

Cystatin C is a non-glycosylated protein of low molecular weight (13kDa) in the cystatin superfamily. Cystatin C is produced 

at a constant rate in all nucleated cells, secreted from cells and thus found in most body fluids. Cystatin C belongs to the 

cysteine proteinase inhibitor group and is associated with several pathological conditions. Imbalance between Cystatin C 

and cysteine proteinases is associated with diseases such as inflammation, renal failure, cancer, Alzheimer’s disease, multiple 

sclerosis and hereditary Cystatin C amyloid angiopathy. Cystatin C is removed from blood plasma by glomerular filtration in 

the kidneys. It is reabsorbed by the proximal tubular cells and degraded. There is a linear relationship between the reciprocal 

Cystatin C concentration in plasma and the glomerular filtration rate (GFR). Cystatin C is suggested to be a better marker for 

GFR than serum creatinine as its serum concentration is not affected by factors such as age, gender and body mass. There is 

association of Cystatin C levels with the incidence of myocardial infarction, coronary death and angina pectoris, presenting a 

risk factor for secondary cardiovascular events. 

The DetectX® Human Cystatin C Immunoassay kit is designed to quantitatively measure human Cystatin C present in biological 

samples and tissue culture media. A human Cystatin C standard is used to generate a standard curve for the assay. Standards 

or diluted samples are pipetted into a clear microtiter plate coated with a monoclonal antibody to capture the Cystatin C. 

After a 60 minute incubation, the plate is washed and a peroxidase conjugated Cystatin C monoclonal antibody is added. The 

plate is incubated for 30 minutes and washed. Substrate is then added to the plate, which reacts with the bound Cystatin C 

conjugate. The color reaction is stopped and the intensity read at 450 nm. 

typiCAL DAtA 

Optical Density 

1.75 

1.50 

1.25 

1.00 

0.75 

Optical Density 

0.50 

0.25 

0.00 

0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 

Cystatin C Conc. (ng/mL) 


Serum Creatinine Detection Kits Catalog No. KB02-H1/H2 Page 14 

Urinary Retinol Binding Protein EIA Kit Catalog No. KU04-H1 Page 37 




18 

Detectx ® 

estradiol immunoassay (eiA) kits 

Catalog No.: K030-H1 (1 Plate) K030-H5 (5 Plate) 

FeAtures 

f Use Non-Invasive Fecal Extracts, and TCM 

f 

f 

f 




iNtroDuCtioN 

Estradiol (E2 or 17ß-estradiol, also oestradiol) is the predominant sex hormone present in females. It is also present in 

males, being produced as an active metabolic product of testosterone. It represents the major estrogen in humans. 

Estradiol has not only a critical impact on reproductive and sexual functioning, but also affects other organs. Serum 

estradiol measurement in women reflects primarily the activity of the ovaries. As such, they are useful in the detection of 

baseline estrogen in women with amenorrhea or menstrual dysfunction and to detect the state of hypoestrogenicity and 

menopause. Furthermore, estrogen monitoring during fertility therapy assesses follicular growth and is useful in monitoring 

the treatment. Estrogen-producing tumors will demonstrate persistent high levels of estradiol and other estrogens. In 

precocious puberty, estradiol levels are inappropriately increased. 

17ß-estradiol 

The DetectX® Estradiol Immunoassay kit is designed to quantitatively measure estradiol present in extracted dried fecal 

samples and tissue culture media samples. This kit measures total estradiol in extracted serum and plasma and in extracted 

fecal samples. An estradiol standard is provided for the assay. Standards or samples are pipetted into a microtiter plate. 

A estradiol-peroxidase conjugate is added to the wells. The binding reaction is initiated by the addition of a polyclonal 

antibody. After a 2 hour incubation the plate is washed and substrate is added. The substrate reacts with the bound 

estradiol-peroxidase conjugate. After a short incubation the intensity of the color is measured at 450 nm. 

typiCAL DAtA 


Estrone EIA Kits Catalog No. K031-H1/H5 Page 19 

Estrone-3- Glucuronide (E1G)EIA Kits Catalog No. K036-H1/H5 Page 20 

Progesterone EIA Kits Catalog No. K025-H1/H5 Page 34 





FeAtures 

f Non-Invasive Measures Estrone, 3-sulfate and 3-glucuronide 

f 

f 

f 

Adaptable Tested in a Wide Variety of Species 



Detectx ® 

estrone enzyme immunoassay (eiA) kits kits 


iNtroDuCtioN 

Estrone, C 18 H 22 O 2 , also known as E1 or osterone (3-hydroxy-1,3,5(10)-estratrien-17-one) is a C-18 steroid hormone. Estrone 

is one of the three naturally occurring estrogens, the others being estradiol and estriol. Estrone is produced primarily from 

androstenedione originating from the gonads or the adrenal cortex and from estradiol by 17-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase. 

Estrone concentrations in premenopausal mammals fluctuate according to the menstrual cycle. In premenopausal women, 

more than 50% of the estrone is secreted by the ovaries. Interconversion of estrone and estradiol also occurs in peripheral 

tissue. In humans, during the follicular phase of the menstrual cycle estrone levels increase slightly. 

estrone 

The DetectX® Estrone Immunoassay kit is designed to quantitatively measure estrone present in extracted dried fecal 

samples, urine and tissue culture media samples. An estrone standard is provided to generate a standard curve for the 

assay. Standards or diluted samples are pipetted into an antibody coated clear microtiter plate. An estrone-peroxidase 

conjugate is added to the standards and samples. The binding reaction is initiated by the addition of a polyclonal antibody 

to estrone. After a 2 hour incubation the plate is washed and substrate is added. The substrate reacts with the bound 

estrone-peroxidase conjugate. After a short incubation, the reaction is stopped and the color read at 450nm. The kit 

is unique as it measures both non-conjugated estrone, estrone-3-sulfate and estrone 3-glucuronide in urine and fecal 

samples with almost equal affinity, allowing for non-invasive testing of this steroid. 

typiCAL DAtA 

%B/B0 

100 

90 

80 

70 

60 

50 

%B/B0 

40 

30 

20 

10 

0 

10 100 1,000 10,000 

Estrone Conc. (pg/mL) 



Estrone-3- Glucuronide (E1G)EIA Kits Catalog No. K036-H1/H5 Page 20 






%B/B0 

Net OD 

0.8 

0.7 

0.6 

0.5 

0.4 

0.3 

0.2 

0.1 

0.0 

Net OD

20 

Detectx ® 

estrone 3-glucuronide (e1g) immunoassay (eiA) kits 


FeAtures 

f Use Non-Invasive Urine, Fecal Extracts, and TCM 

f 

f 

f 




iNtroDuCtioN 

Estrone-3-glucuronide, C 24 H 30 O 8 , (1,3,5(10)-estratrien-3-ol-17-one glucosiduronate, E1G) is the principle secreted form of 

circulating estradiol in mammals. Ovulation is the critical event of each menstrual cycle that occurs during the reproductive 

life of healthy females and the ovum can only be fertilized during the short period of time in which it is viable. The three 

phases of the menstrual cycle are: (i) an initial phase when there is only a low risk that would enable viable spermatazoa 

to survive and reach the ovum, (ii) a phase when the chance of fertilization is at a maximum, the fertile period, and (iii) 

a time of absolute infertility when the ovum is no Ionger viable. Clinical studies have indicated the utility of measuring 

estrone-3-glucuronide (E1G) and pregnanediol-3a-glucuronide (PDG) in samples of urine or fecal extracts to monitor 

ovarian function in females. 

estrone-3-glucuronide 

The DetectX® Estrone-3-Glucuronide (E1G) Immunoassay kit uses a specifically generated antibody to measure E1G and 

its metabolites in urine and fecal samples, or in TCM. An E1G standard is provided to generate a standard curve. Standards 

or diluted samples are pipetted into a clear microtiter plate coated with an antibody to capture rabbit antibodies. An E1Gperoxidase 

conjugate is added to the wells. The binding reaction is initiated by the addition of a polyclonal antibody to 

E1G to each well. After a 2 hour incubation the plate is washed and substrate is added. The substrate reacts with the bound 

E1G-peroxidase conjugate. After a short incubation, the reaction is stopped and color is read at 450nm. 

typiCAL DAtA 

%B/B0 

100 

90 

80 

70 

60 

50 

%B/B0 

40 

30 

20 

10 

0 

HO 

HO 

OH 

H 

OH 


PGFM Urinary Pregnancy EIA Kits Catalog No. K022-H1/H5 Page 32 


17ß-Estradiol EIA Kits Catalog No. K030-H1/H5 Page 18 




O 

%B/B0 

Net OD 

10 100 1000 

Estrone-3-Glucuronide (E1G) Conc. (pg/mL) 

1.4 

1.2 

1.0 

0.8 

0.6 

0.4 

0.2 

0.0 

www.ArborAssays.com | info@ArborAssays.com | Ph: +1.734.677.1774 

Net OD

Detectx ® 

Formaldehyde Fluorescent Activity kit 

US Patents Catalog No.: K001-F1 (2 Plate) 

FeAtures 

f Use Measure Formaldehyde in urine, water or TCM 

f 

f 

f 

Convenient No extraction, No Chemical Derivatization, 30 minute assay 

Species All Species and Samples 


iNtroDuCtioN 

Formaldehyde (methanal), H2C=O, is a colorless, flammable, strong-smelling gas. It is an important industrial chemical 

used to manufacture building materials and to produce many household products. In the US approximately 3 x 10 9 Kg 

are produced annually. Formaldehyde is commonly used as an industrial fungicide, germicide, and disinfectant, and as 

a preservative in mortuaries and medical laboratories. Materials containing formaldehyde can release formaldehyde gas 

or vapor into the air. Formaldehyde can also be released by burning wood, kerosene, natural gas, or cigarettes, from 

automobile emissions, and from natural processes. Occupational exposure to formaldehyde by inhalation is mainly from 

three types of sources: thermal or chemical decomposition of formaldehyde-based resins, formaldehyde emission from 

aqueous solutions (for example, embalming fluids), and the production of formaldehyde resulting from the combustion. 

Formaldehyde can be toxic, allergenic, and carcinogenic. Because formaldehyde resins are used in many construction 

materials it is one of the more common indoor air pollutants. 

Formaldehyde 

The DetectX® Formaldehyde Detection kit is designed to quantitatively measure formaldehyde in a variety of samples 

such as urine, water, and buffer solutions. A formaldehyde standard is provided to generate a standard curve for the assay. 

The kit utilizes a patented non-fluorescent reagent that reacts with formaldehyde in the standards or samples, yielding a 

fluorescent product read at 510 nm in a fluorescent plate reader with excitation at 450 nm. 

typiCAL DAtA 


Histone Demethylase Activity Kit Catalog No. K010-F1 Page 26 

P450 Demethylating Activity Kit Catalog No. K011-F1 Page 30 

Urinary Creatinine Detection Kits Catalog No. K002-H1/H5 Page 14 


22 

Detectx ® 

glutathione (gsh) Detection kits 

Colorimetric Catalog No.: K006-H1 (4 Plate) 

Fluorescent Catalog No.: K006-F1 (1 Plate) K006-F5 (5 Plate) 

FeAtures 

f Use Measure GSH/GSSG in cells, RBCs, serum, plasma, urine, and tissue 

f 

f 

f 

f 

Convenient Fluorescent kit measures free and total GSH separately in same sample 

Sensitive Colorimetric : < 32 pmol/sample Fluorescent: < 2.5 pmol/sample 

Samples/Kit Colorimetric: 89 in Duplicate Fluorescent: 39 or 231 in Duplicate 

Stability Reagents Stable at 4°C 

iNtroDuCtioN 

Glutathione (L-γ-glutamyl-L-cysteinylglycine; GSH) is the highest concentration non-protein thiol in mammalian cells and 

is present in concentrations of 0.5 – 10 mM. GSH is a tripeptide that contains an unusual peptide linkage between the amine 

group of cysteine and the carboxyl group of the glutamate side-chain. It is an antioxidant, preventing damage to important 

cellular components caused by reactive oxygen species such as free radicals and peroxides. Glutathione reduces disulfide 

bonds formed within cytoplasmic proteins to cysteines by serving as an electron donor. In the process, glutathione is 

converted to its oxidized form, glutathione disulfide (GSSG). Glutathione is found mostly in its reduced form, since the 

enzyme that reverts it from its oxidized form, glutathione reductase, is constitutive and inducible upon oxidative stress. 

The ratio of reduced glutathione to oxidized glutathione within cells is often used as a measure of cellular toxicity. 

glutathione 

The DetectX® Glutathione Fluorescent kit is designed to quantitatively measure glutathione (GSH), followed by oxidized 

glutathione (GSSG) using a proprietary non-fluorescent molecule, ThioStar®, that will covalently bind to the free thiol group 

on GSH to yield a highly fluorescent product. After adding ThioStar® the fluorescent product formed from GSH is read at 510 

nm. Total GSH is measured by the addition of a reaction mixture that converts all the oxidized glutathione, GSSG, into free 

GSH, which then reacts with the excess ThioStar®. The Colorimetric kit uses a substrate that reacts with the free thiol group 

on GSH to yield a highly colored product. 

typiCAL DAtA 

Fluorescent Colorimetric 


Glutathione Reductase Activity Kit Catalog No. K009-F1 Page 23 

Glutathione S-Tranferase Activity Kit Catalog No. K008-F1 Page 24 

AbX Glutathione Antibodies Catalog No. A001/A001F/A001T Page 43 

AbX L-Cysteine Antibody Catalog No. A002-50UG Page 43 

Glutathione Colorimetric Cuvette Kits Catalog No. K006-H1C-L/H 


Detectx ® 

glutathione reductase (gr) Fluorescent Activity kit 

FeAtures 

f Use Measure GR activity in RBCs, serum, plasma, and cells 

f 

Convenient Rate or 20 minute end point Fluorescent Kit 

f Sensitive 9 µU/mL, World’s Most Sensitive 

f 

f 

Samples/Kit 41 in Duplicate in 20 Minutes 


Catalog No.: K009-F1 (1 Plate) 

iNtroDuCtioN 

Glutathione reductase (GR) plays an indirect but essential role in the prevention of oxidative damage within the cell by 

helping to maintain appropriate levels of intracellular glutathione (GSH). GSH, in conjunction with the enzyme glutathione 

peroxidase (GP), is the acting reductant responsible for minimizing harmful hydrogen peroxide cellular levels. The 

regeneration of GSH is catalyzed by GR. GR is an ubiquitous 100-120 kDa dimeric flavoprotein that catalyzes the reduction 

of oxidized glutathione (GSSG) to reduced glutathione, using ß-nicotinamide dinucleotide phosphate (NADPH) as the 

hydrogen donor. NADPH has been suggested to also act as an indirectly operating antioxidant, given its role in the rereduction 

of GSSG to GSH and thus maintaining the antioxidative power of glutathione. 

glutathione 

reductase 

reaction 

The DetectX® Glutathione Reductase Fluorescent Activity kit is designed to quantitatively measure GR activity in a variety 

of samples. A GR standard is provided. The kit utilizes a proprietary non-fluorescent molecule, ThioStar®, that will covalently 

bind to the free thiol group on GSH. Background thiol content is read first after 5 minutes, followed by addition of GSSG 

and NADPH which uses the standard or sample GR to convert the oxidized glutathione (GSSG) into free GSH, which then 

reacts with the ThioStar® to yield the signal related to GR activity. The signal is read at 510 nm in a fluorescent plate reader 

with excitation at 390 nm. 

typiCAL DAtA 


Glutathione Detection Kits Catalog No. K006-F1/F5/H1 Page 22 

Glutathione S-Transferase Activity Kit Catalog No. K008-F1 Page 24 

AbX Glutathione Antibodies Catalog No. A001/A001F/A001T Page 43 

AbX L-Cysteine Antibody Catalog No. A002-50UG Page 43 


24 

Detectx ® 

glutathione s-transferase Fluorescent Activity kit 

Catalog No. K008-F1 (1 Plate) 

FeAtures 

f Use Fluorescent detection of GST Activity 

f 

f 

f 

f 

Sample Serum, Plasma, and Cell Lysates 


Convenient 30 Minute End Point or Kinetic Assay 


iNtroDuCtioN 

The Glutathione S-Transferase (GST) family of isozymes function to detoxify and neutralize a wide variety of electrophilic 

molecules by mediating their conjugation with reduced glutathione. Human GSTs are encoded by 5 gene families, expressing 

in almost all tissues as four cytosolic and one microsomal forms. Given its pivotal role in ameliorating oxidative stress/ 

damage, GST activity has been repeatedly investigated as a biomarker for arthritis, asthma, COPD, and multiple forms 

of cancer, as well as an environmental marker. Examination of GST isoforms and activity in human cancers, tumors and 

tumor cell lines has revealed the predominance of the acidic pi class. Furthermore, this activity is thought to substantially 

contribute to the innate or acquired resistance of specific neoplasms to anticancer therapy. 

glutathione 

s-transferase 

reaction 

The DetectX® Glutathione S-Transferase Fluorescent Activity kit is designed to quantitatively measure the activity of GST 

present in a variety of samples. A GST standard is provided. The kit utilizes a non-fluorescent molecule that is a substrate 

for the GST enzyme which covalently attaches to glutathione (GSH) to yield a highly fluorescent product. Mixing the 

sample or standard with the supplied Detection Reagent and GSH and incubating at room temperature for 30 minutes 

yields a fluorescent product which is read at 460 nm in a fluorescent plate reader with excitation at 390 nm. 

typiCAL DAtA 



Glutathione Reductase Activity Kit Catalog No. K009-F1 Page 23 

AbX Glutathione Monoclonal Antibodies Catalog No. A001/A001F/A001T Page 43 

AbX L-Cysteine Monoclonal Antibody Catalog No. A002-50UG Page 43 


FeAtures 

f Sample Blood, RBCs, serum, plasma 

f 

Rapid 30 Minutes 

f Sensitive 20 µg/mL 

f 

f 


Stable All Liquid, 4°C Stable Reagents 

Detectx ® 

hemoglobin Colorimetric Detection kit 

Catalog No: K013-H1 (2 Plate) 

iNtroDuCtioN 

Hemoglobin (Hgb) is an erythrocyte protein complex comprised of two sets of identical pairs of subunits, each of which 

bind an iron-porphyrin group commonly called heme. Heme binds and releases oxygen or carbon dioxide in response to 

slight changes in local gas tension. Hemoglobin values are associated with a variety of conditions ranging from anemias 

(low Hgb), erythrocytosis (high Hgb), thalassemias (aberrant chain synthesis), and sickling disorders (abnormal complex 

shape). 

The DetectX® Hemoglobin Detection kit is designed to quantitatively measure hemoglobin present in blood and RBCs, 

or plasma and serum. A human hemoglobin standard is provided. Standards or diluted samples are pipetted into a clear 

microtiter plate and the ready-to-use Hemoglobin Detection Reagent is added. The plate is incubated for 30 minutes at 

room temperature and read at 560-580 nm. 

typiCAL DAtA 

hgb regular range hgb high sensitivity 




26 

Detectx ® 

histone Demethylase (hDm) Fluorescent Activity kit 

Catalog No. K010-F1 (2 Plate) US Patents 

FeAtures 

f Use Detection of ALL HDM Activity, LSD1 and Jumonji 

f 

f 

f 

f 

f 

Universal Directly Measure Formaldehyde Produced by Demethylation 

Sample Cell Lysates 


Convenient Measure Product in 30 Minutes 


iNtroDuCtioN 

Formaldehyde is a common by-product formed in the oxidative demethylation of proteins, nucleic acids, and biological 

small molecules. Examples of formaldehyde-producing enzymes include DNA demethylases, histone demethylases (HDMs), 

and cytochrome P450 enzymes that demethylate drugs and other xenobiotic compounds. HDMs catalyze the site-specific 

demethylation of methyl-lysine residues in histones to dynamically regulate chromatin structure, gene expression, and 

potentially other genomic functions. Lysine-specific HDMs were first discovered in 2004 and are currently among the most 

actively studied formaldehyde-producing enzymes. There are two known classes of HDMs: the flavin adenine dinucleotide 

(FAD)-dependent Lysine Specific Demethylase 1 (LSD1) family and the Fe(II)-dependent Jumonji C (JmjC) family. Although 

the LSD1 and JmjC HDMs employ different cofactors and catalytic mechanisms, both produce formaldehyde as the product 

of the reaction. HDMs have proven difficult to quantitatively assay owing to their relatively low turnover numbers, hindering 

our understanding of their kinetic properties, substrate specificities, and reaction mechanisms. 

The DetectX® Demethylase Activity kit is designed to quantitative the activity of Histone Demethylases. The kit is unique in 

that the product of these enzymatic demethylation reactions, formaldehyde, is measured directly. No separation or washing 

is required. The kit has been validated for both LSD1 and JMJD2A Histone Demethylases (HDMs). For in vitro studies, the 

HDM reaction should be carried out in our supplied buffers using optimized reaction conditions for the demethylation. For 

HDM samples in cells, a special Cell Lysis Buffer is provided. Following the formaldehyde generating reaction the Detection 

Reagent is added. After 30 minutes, the fluorescent product is read at 510 nm with excitation at 450 nm. 

typiCAL DAtA 

LsD1 inhibition profile JmJD2A inhibition profile 


AbX Histone H3 Antibodies Catalog No. A004/5/6/7 Page 43 

AbX LSD1 Antibody Catalog No. A003-100UL Page 43 

Tranylcypromine, 10 mM Catalog No. X042-1EA Page 44/45 

DNA Hypermethylation Inhibitors Catalog No. P012/P015 Page 44/45 

BIX-01294 Catalog No. P018-5MG/25MG Page 44/45 


FeAtures 

f Sample Urine, Buffer, TCM 

f 


Detectx ® 

hydrogen peroxide (h 2 o 2 ) Fluorescent Detection kit 

f Sensitive < 2 pmole (65 pg) H2O 

, World’s Most Sensitive 

2 

f 


iNtroDuCtioN 


- In biological systems incomplete reduction of O during respiration produces superoxide anion (O ·), which is spontaneously 

2 2 

- or enzymatically dismutated by superoxide dismutase to H O . Many cells produce low levels of O · and H2O in response to 

2 2 2 

2 

a variety of extracellular stimuli, suchas cytokines (TGF-ß1, TNF-a, and various interleukins), peptide growth factors (PDGF; 

EGF, VEGF, bFGF, and insulin), the agonists of heterotrimeric G protein–coupled receptors (GPCR) such as angiotensin II, 

thrombin, lysophosphatidic acid, sphingosine 1-phosphate, histamine, and bradykinin, and by shear stress. The addition of 

exogenous H O or the intracellular production in response to receptor stimulation affects the function of various proteins, 

2 2 

including protein kinases, protein phosphatases, transcription factors, phospholipases, ion channels, and G proteins. In 

1894, Fenton described the oxidation of tartaric acid by Fe2+ and H O . H O and O may participate in the production of 

2 2 2 2 2 

singlet oxygen and peroxynitrite and the generation of these species may be concurrent with reactions involving iron, and 

under some circumstances they might be important contributors to H O toxicity. A substantial portion of H O lethality 

2 2 2 2 

involves DNA damage by oxidants generated from iron-mediated Fenton reactions. Damage by Fenton oxidants occurs at 

the DNA bases or at the sugar residues. Sugar damage is initiated by hydrogen abstraction from one of the deoxyribose 

carbons, and the predominant consequence is eventual strand breakage and base release. 

The DetectX® Hydrogen Peroxide Detection Kit is designed to quantitatively measure H 2 O 2 in a variety of samples. A 

hydrogen peroxide standard is provided to generate a standard curve for the assay. Samples are mixed with the Fluorescent 

Substrate and the reaction initiated by addition of horseradish peroxidase. The reaction is incubated at room temperature 

for 15 minutes. The HRP reacts with the substrate in the presence of hydrogen peroxide to convert the colorless substrate 

into a fluorescent product. The fluorescent product is read at 590 nm with excitation at 570 nm. Increasing levels of H 2 O 2 

cause a linear increase in fluorescent product. 

typiCAL DAtA 


Catalase Fluorescent Activity Kit Catalog No. K033-F1 Page 9 

Superoxide Dismutase Activity Kit Catalog No. K028-H1 Page 38 

Glutathione Fluorescent Detection Kits Catalog No. K006-F1/F5 Page 22 

Glutathione Colorimetric Detection Kit Catalog No. K006-H1 Page 22 



28 

Detectx ® 

Nitric oxide Colorimetric Detection kit 


FeAtures 

f Use Measure Nitrite & Nitrate in Water, Serum, Plasma, Urine, Saliva and TCM 

f 

f 

f 

f 

f 

Accurate Calibrated to NIST Standard Reference material #3185 

Sensitive Highest Optical Density of Any Kit 

Rapid 5 Minute Nitrite – 30 Minute Total NO 


Stability Non-Toxic, Stable Reagents at 4°C 

iNtroDuCtioN 

Nitric oxide (NO) is a diffusible, transient, reactive molecule that has physiological effects in the pM-µM range. Acting 

through guanylate cyclase activation, NO is an important regulator of the cardiovascular, nervous, and immunological 

systems. NO is bio-available by two routes. It can be endogenously generated by constitutive or induced NOS enzymes 

or it can be ingested as nitrates or nitrites for conversion into NO. The reactive nature of nitric oxide allows it to act as a 

cytotoxic factor when released during an immune response by macrophages. The reactivity also allows NO to be easily 

converted to a toxic radical that can produce nitrosylation damage to cells and DNA. Nitrosylation can be a regulated 

post-translational modification in cell signaling. The dynamics of the regulatory/damage facets of NO are major forces in 

mitochondrial signaling and dysfunction. NO is linked not only to coronary heart disease, endothelial dysfunctions, erectile 

dysfunction, and neurological disorders, but also diabetes, chronic periodontitis, autism and cancer. 

The DetectX® Nitric Oxide Detection kit is designed to quantitatively measure Nitrate and Nitrite present in a variety 

of samples. Nitric Oxide content is derived from the sum of Nitrate ( - NO 3 ) and Nitrite ( - NO 2 ). Both Nitrate and Nitrite 

standards are provided. For Nitrite detection, samples are mixed with the Color Reagents A and B and incubated at room 

temperature for 5 minutes. The colored product is read at 550–570 nm. Total Nitric Oxide content is measured after the 

sample is incubated with Nitrate Reductase and NADH. The reductase, in combination with NADH, reduces Nitrate to 

Nitrite. After a 20 minute incubation at room temperature, Color Reagents A and B are added and incubated at room 

temperature for 5 minutes. The concentration of Nitrate in the sample is calculated by subtracting the measured Nitrite 

concentration from the Total Nitric Oxide concentration for the sample. 

typiCAL DAtA 




Cyclic AMP EIA and CLIA Kits Catalog No. K019-H/C Page 15 

Cyclic GMP EIA and CLIA Kits Catalog No. K020-H/C Page 16 

Prostaglandin E 2 EIA and CLIA Kits Catalog No. K018-H/HX/C Page 36 


FeAtures 

f Samples Plasma, urine and milk 

f 

f 

f 

f 

Fast Three step 2.5 hour assay 

Detectx ® 

human osteopontin (opN) immunoassay (eiA) kit 


Trusted By the scientists who published the clinical validation data in Clin. Chem., 2009 



iNtroDuCtioN 

Osteopontin (OPN) was first described as a secreted, 60 kDa transformation-specific phosphoprotein in 1979. OPN has 

been shown to be significant in mineralized tissues, the vascular system, the immune system, kidney and in cancer. OPN 

is expressed by a single-copy gene as a 34 kDa nascent protein that is extensively modified by phosphorylation and 

glycosylation. OPN is highly conserved in different species and isolated OPNs have a similar number of amino acids, but the 

reported size of the secreted protein varies from 44 kDa to 75 kDa, due to differences in post-translational modifications 

(PTM). OPN has multiple functions as a key noncollagenous bone matrix protein, a regulator of cytokine production by 

macrophages, and in some cancers it has been shown to act as a survival factor. Studies in vitro and in animal models of 

cancer have clearly indicated that OPN can function to regulate tumor growth and progression. 

The DetectX® Human Osteopontin Immunoassay kit is designed to quantitate OPN in plasma, milk and urine samples. 

The kit uses 2 monoclonal antibodies, one bound to the microtiter plate, the other directly labeled with peroxidase for 

detection of bound OPN. The capture monoclonal binds OPN across the single thrombin cleavage site on OPN. The 

detection monoclonal binds towards the N-terminal end of OPN. A recombinant human OPN standard, fully modified 

with PTMs, is provided. Standards or diluted samples are pipetted into a clear microtiter plate coated with the monoclonal 

antibody to capture OPN and the plate is incubated at RT for 1 hour. The plate is washed and peroxidase labeled monoclonal 

detection antibody is added. The plate is incubated for another hour at RT. The plate is washed and substrate is added. After 

a short incubation, the color reaction is stopped and the intensity read at 450 nm. 

typiCAL DAtA 

OD 

OD 

3.5 

3 

2.5 

2 

1.5 

1 

0.5 

0 

0 5 10 15 20 

Osteopontin Conc. (ng/mL) 







30 

Detectx ® 

p450 Demethylating Fluorescent Activity kit 

Catalog No.: K011-F1 (2 Plate) US Patents 

FeAtures 

f Use Measure P450 Demethylating Activity Without Additions to P450 Reaction 

f 

f 

f 

f 

f 

Convenient Run Standard P450 Reaction - Then Measure Formaldehyde Product 

Sensitive Fluorescent Assay - Read at 510 nm 

Validated 3A4, 2B4, and 2D6 P450s 


Stability Liquid Reagents Stable at 4°C 

iNtroDuCtioN 

The cytochromes P450 (P450s) are a superfamily of heme containing enzymes that display tremendous diversity with 

regard to substrate specificity and catalytic activity. P450s use a plethora of both compounds as substrates in enzymatic 

reactions. Usually they form part of multi-component electron transfer reactions. Catalysis by the eukaryotic P450 enzymes 

involves a multistep reaction cycle in which electron transfer is accomplished from a redox partner. The diflavin protein, 

NADPH cytochrome P450 reductase (reductase), contains both FAD and FMN and can transfer both electrons needed for 

the catalytic cycle. In some P450 reactions, the second electron of the reaction cycle also can be delivered by cytochrome 

b5. The P450 enzymes and cofactors of the mammalian drug-metabolizing system are embedded in the membrane of the 

endoplasmic reticulum. The P450s play a crucial role in the development of new drug entities as drug-drug interactions 

commonly arise from the inhibition of cytochrome P450 activities. Lipid plays an important role in the reconstitution of 

P450-dependent activities after protein purification. Most in vitro studies for the reconstitution of P450 activities use 

DLPC as the lipid component. The reconstitution of enzymatic activity involves a concentrated incubation of P450, its 

redox partners (NADPH and reductase), and lipid. The reported preincubation conditions vary significantly. 

The DetectX® P450 Activity kit is designed to quantitatively measure the enzymatic activity of formaldehyde-producing 

enzymes such as Cytochrome P450s. The kit is unique in that the fluorescent substrate (FDR) is not involved in the multicomponent 

P450 reaction, but measures the product of the demethylation, formaldehyde. No separation or washing 

is required. The kit has been validated for several P450 systems and should work with any biological system that is 

producing formaldehyde as a product of demethylation. Following the P450 NADPH-induced reaction, the generation of 

formaldehyde can be stopped by addition of a suitable inhibitor, or the supplied stop solution of acetic acid. The FDR is 

added to all the wells. After a short incubation at 37°C for 30 minutes, the fluorescent product is read at 510 nm. 

typiCAL DAtA 


FeAtures 

f Use Measure Pd Contamination in APIs in 30 Minutes 

f 

f 

f 

f 

f 

Rapid Estimate Pd Scavenger Methods with HTS 

pdx 

palladium Api Fluorescent screening kit 

Patent Pending Catalog No. K007-F1 (1 Plate) 

Adaptable APIs in HCl, NMP, DMSO, DMF, MeCN, EtOH or Toluene 

Sensitive Low ppm Pd Detectable 


Stability All Liquid Reagents Stable at RT 

iNtroDuCtioN 

Many new synthetic transformations have been developed that use palladium (Pd) compounds for the catalysis of carboncarbon 

and carbon-heteroatom coupling reactions. These reactions have found increased popularity for pharmaceutical 

processes as they utilize a wide-range of functional groups and can therefore be used to build complicated molecules. 

However, palladium-catalyzed reactions present a problem in that the palladium can often be retained in the isolated 

product. The LD50 values are very dependent on the physical form of the Pd compounds or catalysts used. For rats, mice, 

or rabbits, water soluble PdCl 2 administered intravenously gave a LD50 of 3 mg/kg body weight while relatively insoluble 

PdO given orally gave an LD50 >4900 mg/kg body weight. Current European Agency for the Evaluation of Medicinal 

Products regulations limit all platinum group (Pt, Pd, Ir, Rh, Ru, Os) metal contamination (as a group) to less than 5 ppm. A 

variety of methods are available for removing Pd from active pharmaceutical ingredients (APIs). These include adsorption 

with trimercaptotriazine N-acetylcysteine, such as the Isolute resins (Biotage). Other adsorptive methods include activated 

carbon, ion exchange type resins, fiberous materials such as Smopex (Johnson Matthey), and silica bound active resins 

from SiliCycle. Typical chemical purification methods such as crystallization can also be used to lower the concentration 

of Pd in the final product, especially when combined with additives such as the sulfur containing ligands, N-acetylcysteine 

and thiourea, and with phosphines to keep the Pd in the mother liquor. The standard methods of quantifying palladium in 

APIs are atomic absorption analysis, x-ray fluorescence, and plasma emission spectroscopy. ICP-MS is typically used both 

during synthesis and for final QC on drug molecules. 

PdX® Palladium (Pd) Detection kit is designed to allow the rapid determination of the relative amounts of Pd present 

in active pharmaceutical ingredient (API) scavenging steps. The kit uses a patent-pending, non-fluorescent detection 

molecule that, under reducing conditions, palladium cleaves to yield a brightly fluorescent product which is read at 520 

nm with excitation at 485 nm. 

typiCAL DAtA 


32 

Detectx ® 

pgFm (13,14-Dihydro-15-keto-prostaglandin F 2a ) eiA kits 

Catalog No. K022-H1 (1 Plate) K022-H5 (5 Plate) Patent Pending 

FeAtures 

f Use Non-Invasive Urine or Fecal Extracts, Plus Serum, Plasma and TCM 

f 

f 

f 

f 


Urine/Fecal Apes, cattle, deer, equids, felids, and ungulates 



iNtroDuCtioN 

In many species, uterine and placental Prostaglandin F 2a (PGF 2a ) is involved in the regulation of reproductive and pregnancyrelated 

processes such as embryonic development, initiation of parturition, and resumption of ovarian activity. In domestic 

ruminants, uterine tissue is a primary source of PGF 2a , and secretion of uterine PGF 2a is a key regulator for the cyclical 

regression of the corpus luteum. Prostaglandin F 2a is metabolized to PGFM (13,14-dihydro-15-keto-PGF 2a ) during the first 

passage through the lungs. PGFM has a longer half-life in peripheral circulation than PGF 2a and has been applied as a 

useful analytical marker of PGF 2a . PGFM is a useful non-invasive marker of pregnancy when measured in both urine and 

fecal samples (see below for Iberian Lynx data). It has been shown to be a precise, practical method for this application 

in these matrices. Parallel courses were obtained when comparing urinary and fecal PGFM in a variety of felids and 

other species, and only a simple dilution of fecal extracts is necessary prior to analysis. Fecal PGFM analyses may allow 

pregnancy diagnosis in captive and free-ranging felids. Recent evidence has suggested that PGFM may also be a useful 

pregnancy marker in some other non-felid species. 

%B/B0 

100 

90 

80 

70 

60 

50 

%B/B0 

40 

30 

20 

10 

0 

13,14-dihydro-15-keto-pgF 2a (pgFm) 

The DetectX® 13,14-dihydro-15-keto-PGF 2a (PGFM) Immunoassay kit is a patent pending assay from Dr. Martin Dehnhard at 

Leibniz Institute for Zoo & Wildlife Research in Berlin, licensed exclusively and designed to quantitatively measure PGFM 

present in fecal extracts, urine, serum and plasma samples. A PGFM standard is provided. Standards or diluted samples 

are pipetted into a clear microtiter plate coated with an antibody to capture rabbit IgG. A PGFM-peroxidase conjugate is 

added. The binding reaction is initiated by the addition of a rabbit polyclonal antibody highly specific to PGFM to each 

well. After an hour incubation, the plate is washed and substrate is added. The substrate reacts with the bound PGFMperoxidase 

conjugate. After a short incubation, the reaction is stopped and the intensity is read at 450 nm. 

typiCAL DAtA 

%B/B0 

Net OD 

10 100 1,000 

0 

10,000 

PGFM Conc. (pg/mL) 

0.50 

0.45 

0.40 

0.35 

0.30 

0.25 

0.20 

0.15 

0.10 

0.05 

Net OD 

Net OD 

pregnant and pseudo-pregnant iberian Lynx data 




Estrone 3-Glucuronide EIA Kits Catalog No. K031-H1/H5 Page 20 


Ceruloplasmin Colorimetric Activity Kit Catalog No. K035-H1 Page 10 



Detectx ® 

pregnanediol glucuronide (pDg) immunoassay (eiA) kits 

FeAtures 

f Use Measure 11- and 3-Progesterone Derivatives 

f 

f 

f 

Samples Urine, Fecal Extracts and TCM 




iNtroDuCtioN 

Pregnanediol Glucuronide, C 27 H 44 O 8 , also known as PDG (5ß-Pregnnan-3a,20a-diol 3-glucosiduronate) is the major 

metabolite of progesterone. Progesterone is the hormone involved in the female menstrual cycle, gestation and 

embryogenesis of humans and other species. Progesterone belongs to a class of hormones called progestogens, and is 

the major naturally occurring human progestogen. Progesterone is an essential regulator of human female reproductive 

function in the uterus, ovary, mammary gland and brain, and plays an important role in non-reproductive tissues such 

as the cardiovascular system, bone and the central nervous system. Progesterone action is conveyed by two isoforms 

of the nuclear progesterone receptor (PR), PRA and PRB. PRA and B are expressed in a variety of normal breast tissue 

from humans, rats and mice and is also expressed in breast cancer cells. Progesterone also has neurotrophic roles in the 

peripheral nervous system as it activates the growth and maturation of axons and stimulates the repair and replacement 

of myelin sheaths in regenerating nerve fibres. 

pregnanediol glucuronide 

The DetectX® PDG Immunoassay kit measures PDG present in urine and extracted dried fecal samples. A PDG standard is 

provided for the assay. Standards or diluted samples are pipetted into a coated clear microtiter plate. A PDG-peroxidase 

conjugate is added to the wells. The binding reaction is initiated by the addition of a polyclonal antibody to PDG. After 

a 2 hour incubation the plate is washed and substrate is added. The substrate reacts with the bound PDG-peroxidase 

conjugate. After a short incubation the intensity of the generated color is measured at 450 nm. 

typiCAL DAtA 

%B/B0 

100 

90 

80 

70 

60 

50 

%B/B0 

40 

30 

20 

10 

0 

HO 

100 1,000 10,000 100,000 

Pregnanediol Glucuronide (PDG) Conc. (pg/mL) 





Estrone 3-Glucuronide EIA Kits Catalog No. K031-H1/H5 Page 20 

PGFM EIA Kits Catalog No. K022-H1/H5 Page 32 

Ceruloplasmin Colorimetric Activity Kit Catalog No. K035-H1 Page 10 


HO 

%B/B0 

Net OD 

OH 

H 

OH 

O 


2.5 

2 

1.5 

1 

0.5 

0 

Net OD

34 

Detectx ® 

progesterone immunoassay (eiA) kits 


FeAtures 

f Use Measure 11- and 3-Hydroxy Progesterones 

f 

f 

f 

Samples Urine and Fecal Extracts and TCM 



iNtroDuCtioN 

Progesterone, C 21 H 30 O 2 , also known as P4 (pregn-4-ene-3,20-dione) is a C-21 steroid hormone involved in the female 

menstrual cycle, gestation and embryogenesis of humans and other species. Progesterone belongs to a class of hormones 

called progestogens, and is the major naturally occurring human progestogen. Progesterone is an essential regulator of 

human female reproductive function in the uterus, ovary, mammary gland and brain, and plays an important role in nonreproductive 

tissues such as the cardiovascular system, bone and the central nervous system. Progesterone action is 

conveyed by two isoforms of the nuclear progesterone receptor (PR), PRA and PRB. PRA and B are expressed in a variety 

of normal breast tissue from humans, rats and mice and is also expressed in breast cancer cells. Progesterone also has 

neurotrophic roles in the peripheral nervous system as it activates the growth and maturation of axons and stimulates the 

repair and replacement of myelin sheaths in regenerating nerve fibres. 

progesterone 

The DetectX® Progesterone Immunoassay kit measures Progesterone present in urine and extracted dried fecal samples. A 

progesterone standard is provided for the assay. Standards or samples are pipetted into a coated clear microtiter plate. A 

progesterone-peroxidase conjugate is added to the wells. The binding reaction is initiated by the addition of a monoclonal 

antibody to progesterone. After a 2 hour incubation the plate is washed and substrate is added. The substrate reacts with 

the bound progesterone-peroxidase conjugate. After a short incubation the intensity of the generated color is measured 

at 450 nm. 

typiCAL DAtA 




Testosterone EIA Kits Catalog No. K032-H1/H5 Page 39 





Detectx ® 

phosphokinase A (pkA) Colorimetric Activity kit 

FeAtures 

f Use Measure PKA Activity in a Variety of Samples 

f 

f 

f 

f 

Sensitive Most Sensitive Kit 

Rapid 3 Hour Assay 

Convenient Simple 3 Step Protocol 



iNtroDuCtioN 

The expressed PKA holoenzyme, compromising of two catalytic (C) and two regulatory (R) subunits, is activated when 

cAMP levels rise following stimulation of Gs protein-coupled receptors and adenylyl cyclase. The phosphorylation of 

specific substrates by the C subunit of activated PKA is regulated by the subcellular localization of the enzyme through 

the binding to the scaffolding A kinase-anchoring proteins (AKAPs). In its inactive state, the pseudosubstrate sequences 

on the R subunits stop the activity of the C subunits. Upon binding of cAMP to the R subunits, the active monomeric C 

subunits are released. PKA shares substrate specificity with Akt (PKB) and PKC. Substrates that are phosphorylated by 

PKA are Bad (Ser 155 ), CREB (Ser 133 ), and GSK-3 (GSK-3a Ser 21 and GSK -3ß Ser 9 ). PKA is a pivotal kinase involved in cancer, 

vasodilation, metabolic processes, etc. 

The DetectX® PKA Activity kit is designed to quantitatively measure the enzymatic activity of PKA in samples. The kit 

utilizes a plate bound PKA substrate that is phosphorylated in the presence of PKA and ATP. Following an incubation, the 

plate is washed and an antibody specific for the phosphorylated substrate and the peroxidase-labeled detection conjugate 

are added. The excess antibody and conjugate are washed out and substrate added. The substrate reacts with the bound 

peroxidase conjugate. After a short incubation the intensity of the generated color is measured at 450 nm. 

typiCAL DAtA 

Net OD (450nm) 

1.4 

1.2 

1.0 

0.8 

0.6 

OD (450 nm) 

0.4 

0.2 

0.0 

0 5 10 15 20 25 

PKA Activity (U/mL) 


Cyclic AMP EIA and CLIA Kits Catalog No. K019-H/C Page 15 

Cyclic GMP EIA and CLIA Kits Catalog No. K020-H/C Page 16 

Prostaglandin E 2 EIA and CLIA Kits Catalog No. K018-H/HX/C Page 36 

IBMX, Pan-specific PDE Inhibitor Catalog No. P019-100MG/1G Page 44/45 


36 

Detectx ® 

prostaglandin e 2 (pge 2 ) immunoassay (eiA and CLiA) kits 

Regular Format Catalog No: K018-H1 (1 Plate) K018-H5 (5 Plate) 

High Sensitivity Catalog No: K018-HX1 (1 Plate) K018-HX5 (5 Plate) 


FeAtures 

f Use Measure PGE in cells, saliva, urine, serum, plasma and tissue 

2 

f 3 Formats Regular: 1,000-31.25 High Sensitivity: 400-12.5 CLIA: 320-5 pg/mL 

f 

f 

Sensitive Regular : < 3 pg High Sensitivity: < 1.1 pg CLIA:

Detectx ® 

retinol binding protein (rbp) immunoassay (eiA) kits 

FeAtures serum kit urinary kit 

f Use Vitamin A Deficiency Kidney Function 

f 

f 

f 

f 

Range (ng/mL) 78.1-5,000 3.9-1,000 

Sample Serum or Plasma Urine 

Serum Catalog No.: K004-H1 (1 Plate) 

Urinary Catalog No.: KU04-H1 (1 Plate) 

Species Human, Rat, Dog, Monkey Human, Rat, Dog, Monkey 

Time to Answer 75 Minutes 90 Minutes 

iNtroDuCtioN 

Retinol binding protein (RBP) is from a family of structurally related proteins that bind small hydrophobic molecules such as 

bile pigments, steroids, odorants, etc. RBP is a 21 kDa highly conserved, single-chain glycoprotein, consisting of 182 amino 

acids with 3 disulfide bonds, that has a hydrophobic pocket which binds retinol (vitamin A). 

The RBP Serum EIA kit is used to assess Vitamin A Deficiency (VAD) as RBP levels in the peripheral circulation decrease in 

response to decreased amounts of vitamin A. The RBP Urinary EIA kit is specially formulated to measure urine RBP as it has 

also been shown to be a useful marker for renal function. RBP is totally filtered by the glomeruli and reabsorbed by proximal 

tubules. Urinary RBP is used to study renal function in heart or kidney transplant recipients, type 1 and 2 diabetics, and in 

people exposed to uranium from mining operations. 

The DetectX® Immunoassay kits use a RBP standard to generate a standard curve. Standards or diluted samples are pipetted 

into a clear coated microtiter plate. A RBP-peroxidase conjugate is added to the standards and samples in the wells. The 

binding reaction is initiated by the addition of the RBP polyclonal antibody to each well. After the primary incubation the 

plate is washed and substrate is added. The substrate reacts with the bound RBP-peroxidase conjugate. The color reaction 

is stopped and the intensity is read at 450 nm. 

typiCAL DAtA 


Serum Creatinine Detection Kits Catalog No. KB02-H1/H2/H1D Page 14 

Cystatin C EIA Kit Catalog No. K012-H1 Page 17 


Nitric Oxide Detection Kit Catalog No. K023-H1 Page 28 


38 

Detectx ® 

superoxide Dismutase (soD) Colorimetric Activity kit 


FeAtures 

f Use Measure SOD Activity 

f 

f 

f 

Sample Serum, Urine, and buffer samples 



iNtroDuCtioN 

·- · Short-lived and highly reactive oxygen species (ROS) such as O (superoxide), OH (hydroxyl radical), and H2O (hydrogen 

2 

2 

peroxide) are continuously generated in vivo. The cellular levels of ROS are controlled by antioxidant enzymes and small 

molecule antioxidants. The major antioxidant enzymes, superoxide dismutases (SODs), including copper-zinc superoxide 

dismutase (Cu/ZnSOD), manganese superoxide dismutase (MnSOD) and extracellular superoxide dismutase (EC-SOD), all 

play a critical roles in scavenging O2· . Decreased SOD activity results in elevated level of superoxide which in turn leads 

to decreased NO and increased peroxynitrite concentrations. The major intracellular SOD is a 32-kD copper and zinc 

containing homodimer (Cu/Zn SOD). The mitochondrial SOD (MnSOD) is a manganese-containing 93-kD homotetramer 

that is synthesized in the cytoplasm and translocated to the inner matrix of mitochondria. EC-SOD is the primary extracellular 

SOD enzyme and is highly expressed in many organs. Increased SOD activity levels are seen in Downs Syndrome, while 

decreased activity is seen in diabetes, Alzheimer’s disease, rheumatoid arthritis, Parkinson’s disease, uremic anemia, 

atherosclerosis, some cancers, and thyroid dysfunction. 

The DetectX® Superoxide Dismutase (SOD) Activity kit is designed to quantitatively measure SOD activity in a variety 

of samples. A bovine erythrocyte SOD standard is provided. Samples are mixed with a Detection Reagent and Reaction 

Mixture, then incubated at room temperature for 20 minutes. Xanthine and xanthine oxidase in the Reaction Mixture generate 

superoxide in the presence of oxygen, which converts a colorless substrate in the Detection Reagent into a yellow colored 

product. The colored product is read at 450 nm. Increasing levels of SOD in the samples causes a decrease in superoxide 

concentration and a reduction in yellow product. 

typiCAL DAtA 

OD 

OD 

0.7 

0.6 

0.5 

0.4 

0.3 

0.2 

0.1 

0 

0.1 1 10 100 

SOD Activity (U/mL) 



Hydrogen Peroxide Detection Kit Catalog No. K034-F1 Page 27 




FeAtures 

f Use Measure Testosterone and Dihydrotestosterone 

f 

f 

f 

Samples Urine, Fecal Extracts and TCM 



Detectx ® 

testosterone immunoassay (eiA) kits 


iNtroDuCtioN 

Testosterone, C 19 H 28 O 2 , (4-Androsten-17ß-ol-3-one) is a steroid hormone from the androgen group and is found in mammals, 

reptiles, birds, and other vertebrates. In mammals, testosterone is primarily secreted in the testes of males and the ovaries 

of females, although small amounts are also secreted by the adrenal glands. It is the principal male sex hormone and an 

anabolic steroid. In men, testosterone plays a key role in the development of male reproductive tissues such as the testis 

and prostate, and promoting secondary sexual characteristics such as increased muscle, bone mass, and body hair. In the 

absence of testosterone stimulation, spermatogenesis does not proceed beyond the meiosis stage. In addition, testosterone 

is essential for health and well-being as well as the prevention of osteoporosis. Testosterone plays a significant role in glucose 

homeostasis and lipid metabolism. The metabolic syndrome is a clustering of risk factors predisposing to type 2 diabetes 

mellitus, atherosclerosis and cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. Cross-sectional epidemiological studies have reported 

a direct correlation between plasma testosterone and insulin sensitivity, and low testosterone levels are associated with an 

increased risk of type 2 diabetes, dramatically illustrated by androgen deprivation in men with prostate carcinoma. 

testosterone 

The DetectX® Testosterone Immunoassay kit measures Testosterone present in urine and extracted dried fecal samples. A 

testosterone standard is provided for the assay. Standards or samples are pipetted into a coated clear microtiter plate. A 

testosterone-peroxidase conjugate is added to the wells. The binding reaction is initiated by the addition of a polyclonal 

antibody to testosterone. After a 2 hour incubation the plate is washed and substrate is added. The substrate reacts with the 

bound testosterone-peroxidase conjugate. After a short incubation the intensity of the generated color is measured at 450 nm. 

typiCAL DAtA 


Osteopontin EIA Kit Catalog No. K021-H1 Page 29 

PGFM Urinary Pregnancy EIA Kits Catalog No. K022-H1/H5 Page 32 


17ß-Estradiol EIA Kits Catalog No. K030-H1/H5 Page 18 







40 

Detectx ® 

thiol Fluorescent Detection kit 


FeAtures 

f Use Measure Thiol content of Recombinant Proteins 

f 

f 

f 

f 

f 

Adaptable Measure Protein SH in 6M GuHCl Buffers 

Sensitive < 0.5 pmol Thiol/well 

Rapid 30 Minute Assay 


Stability Non-Toxic, Reagents Stable at 4°C 

iNtroDuCtioN 

Free thiols in biological systems have important roles. Oxidatively modified thiol groups of cysteine residues are known 

to modulate the activity of a growing number of proteins. One of the most pressing problems with this approach is to 

accurately determine the extent of modification of specific amino acids, such as cysteine residues, in a complex protein 

sample, especially in the presence of chaotropic agents such as guanidine hydrochloride. 

The DetectX® Thiol kit is designed to quantitatively measure thiol groups generated or present in biological samples. 

A N-Acetyl Cysteine standard is provided. Samples and standards are pipetted into a black microtiter plate. Mixing the 

samples or standards with ThioStar® and incubating at room temperature, the fluorescent product is read at 510 nm with 

excitation at 390 nm.. This assay is adaptable for measurement in higher density plate formats. 

typiCAL DAtA 

Comparison to ellman’s effect of guanidine hCl 


ThioStar® Detection Reagent Catalog No. L002 Page 42 


FeAtures 

f Sample Serum, plasma, urine, saliva 

f 


f Sensitive 30 µg/dL 

f 

Sample/Kit 88 Samples in Duplicate 

Detectx ® 

urea Nitrogen (buN) Detection kit 


iNtroDuCtioN 

Urea is a by-product of protein metabolism by the liver, and is therefore removed from the blood by the kidneys. Urea 

freely filters through the glomerulous, but is reabsorbed by the renal tubules in a flow-dependent fashion. The higher the 

flow rate, the greater amount of urea nitrogen is cleared from circulation and eliminated through the kidneys. As a result, 

the level of circulating urea nitrogen, along with serum creatinine, serves as a primary measure of kidney function. Normal 

adult Blood Urea Nitrogen (BUN) levels should be between 7 and 21 mg urea nitrogen per 100 mL blood (mg/dL). 

Azotemia, poor kidney function, will cause elevated BUN levels (≥ 50 mg/dL) and is associated with acute kidney failure 

or injury, severe acute pancreatitis, congestive heart failure or gastrointestinal bleeding. Azotemia also can occur with 

dehydration, as a result of alcohol abuse, or high protein diets. Lower than expected BUN levels are usually not clinically 

predictive, but are primarily associated with liver disease or malnutrition, including malabsorption and low protein diets. 

Urine and saliva are considered to be acceptable non-invasive samples for measurement of urea nitrogen. 

The DetectX® Urea Nitrogen (also called BUN) Detection Kit is designed to quantitatively measure urea nitrogen in a variety 

of samples. A urea nitrogen standard calibrated to NIST reference materials is provided to generate a standard curve 

for the assay. Samples are mixed with Color Reagents A and B and incubated at room temperature for 30 minutes. The colored 

product is read at 450 nm. The concentration of urea nitrogen in the sample is calculated. The results are expressed 

in terms of mg/dL urea nitrogen. If samples are to be expressed in terms of mg/dL urea, the data can be converted using 

the multiplier 2.14. 

typiCAL DAtA 



Serum Creatinine Detection Kits Catalog No. KB02-H1/H2/H1D Page 14 

Cystatin C EIA Kit Catalog No. K012-H1 Page 17 

Urinary RBP EIA Kit Catalog No. KU04-H1 Page 37 

Hemoglobin Colorimetric Detection Kit Catalog No. K013-H1 Page 25 


42 

thiostar ® thiol Detection reagent 

Catalog No.: L002-50UG/100UG/250UG/500UG 

FeAtures 

f Rapid Measure low concentration of thiols 

f 

Fluorescent Ideal for high throughput applications 

iNtroDuCtioN 

The ThioStar® Thiol Detection Reagent allows users to accurately determine the extent of free thiol content in samples. 

ThioStar is converted to a brightly fluorescent product upon reaction with thiols in the sample. The thiol in the sample can 

either be one that is generated by a reaction, such as the end product of an enzymatic reaction, or can be the cysteine 

content of the protein to be measured. ThioStar is used by simply diluting the ThioStar reagent in dry DMSO and adding it to 

the thiol sample in buffer. ThioStar will work in almost any buffer. ThioStar should be stored desiccated. 

thiostar® kinetics excitation spectra emission spectra 

recombinant obelin 

Catalog No.: L001-50UG/100UG 

FeAtures 

f Rapid Measure low concentrations of calcium 

f 

f 

60,000 

50,000 

40,000 

30,000 

FLu 

20,000 

10,000 

0 

0 10 20 30 40 50 60 

time (mins) 

Bioluminescent Ideal for high throughput applications 

120,000 

100,000 

60,000 

FLu 

Sensitive No background signal 

iNtroDuCtioN 

Recombinant bioluminescent photoprotein from Obelia 

longissima. The photoprotein is approximately 21,000 

molecular weight and contains the luminescent substrate, 

native coelenterazine, and oxygen bound to the protein. 

Upon addition of excess calcium ions that fill the three 

calcium binding sites, the oxygen reacts with the substrate 

to yield a rapid flash of blue light centered at 485 nm. This 

emission reaches a peak within 100 msec and decays in 

less than 1 second. 

80,000 

40,000 

20,000 

0 

340 350 360 370 380 390 400 410 420 430 440 

Wavelength (nm) 

0 

470 480 490 500 510 520 530 540 550 560 570 

www.ArborAssays.com | info@ArborAssays.com | Ph: +1.734.677.1774 

25,000 

20,000 

15,000 

FLu 

10,000 

5,000 

Wavelength (nm)

FeAtures 

f Uses WB, IP, IF, ChIP, EIA, ELISA 

Abx 

monoclonal and polyclonal Antibodies 

DesCriptioN host uses siZe CAtALog No. 

epigeNetiCs 

Histone H3 Rabbit WB, IP, ChIP 100 µL A004-100UL 

DiMe-Lys4-Histone H3 Rabbit WB, IF 100 µL A006-100UL 

MonoMe-Lys4-Histone H3 Rabbit WB, IP, ChIP 100 µL A005-100UL 

TriMe-Lys4-Histone H3 Rabbit WB, IF, IP, ChIP 100 µL A007-100UL 

LSD1 Rabbit WB, IP 100 µL A003-100UL 

oxiDAtiVe stress 

L-Cysteine Mouse WB, IF, IHC, IP, ELISA 50 µg A002-50UG 

Glutathione Mouse WB, IF, IP, ELISA 50 µg A001-50UG 

Glutathione-DyLight® 488 Mouse WB, IF, FACS 50 µg A001F-50UG 

Glutathione-DyLight® 550 Mouse WB, IF, FACS 50 µg A001T-50UG 

pLAte CoAtiNg/DeteCtioN 

Mouse IgG, Fc, Aff. Pure Goat EIA, ELISA 10mg A008-10MG 

Mouse IgG, Fc, Aff. Pure Goat EIA, ELISA 25mg A008-25MG 

Rabbit IgG, Fc, Aff. Pure Goat EIA, ELISA 10mg A009-10MG 

Rabbit IgG, Fc, Aff. Pure Goat EIA, ELISA 25mg A009-25MG 

Sheep IgG, Aff. Pure Donkey EIA, ELISA 10mg A010-10MG 

Sheep IgG, Aff. Pure Donkey EIA, ELISA 25mg A010-25MG 

AFFiNity resiNs 

Cortisol Sheep Cortisol Isolation 500 µL R001-500UL 

WB=Western blotting: IP=Immunoprecipitation: IF=Immunofluorescence: IHC=Immunoohistochemistry: 

EIA=Enzyme immunoassay; ELISA=Enzyme-Linked ImmunoSorbant Assay: ChIP=Chromatin Immunoprecipitation 

typiCAL DAtA 

Immunofluorescence 

HeLa Cells stained with MxGSH monoclonal 

A001-50UG and goat anti-mouse IgG-FITC 


DyLight® is a registered trademark of Thermo Fisher Corp 


Histone Demethylase Fluorescent Activity Kit Catalog Number K010-F1 Page 26 


44 

pdx 

enzyme inhibitors and Activators 

FeAtures 

f Unique, high quality Enzyme Inhibitors and Activators 

DesCriptioN uses siZe CAtALog No. 

DNA hypermethyLAtioN AgeNts 

5-Azacytidine DNA Methyltransferase Inh. 50/250 mg P012-50/250MG 

Decitibine DNA Methyltransferase Inh. 10/50 mg P015-10/50MG 

histoNe ACetyLtrANsFerAse iNhibitors 

C-646 p300/CBP HAT inhibitor 5/25 mg P014-5/25MG 

Garcinol Potent HAT inhibitor 5/25 mg P017-5/25MG 

hDAC iNhibitors 

Sodium Valproate HDAC Inhibitor 5 g P001-5G 

SAHA (Vorinostat) Catalytic HDAC Inhibitor 50/250 mg P004-50/250MG 

Phenyl Butyrate, Na Salt HDAC Inhibitor 1 G P007-1G 

Hexyl-4-pentynoic acid (HPA) Histone hyperacetylation 10/50 mg P008-10/50MG 

⇪ Arbor Assays exclusive! 

Trichostatin A Potent, Reversible Inhibitor 1 mg P010-1MG 

Apicidin Potent HDAC Inhibitor 1/5 mg P011-1/5MG 

BML-210 Potent HDAC inhibitor 5/25 mg P013-5/25MG 

histoNe methyLtrANsFerAse iNhibitors 

BIX-01294 G9a & GLP HMTase Inhibitor 5/25 mg P018-5/25MG 

NAD biosyNthesis iNhibitor 

FK-866, HCl Specific inhibitor of NAMPT 5/25 mg P006-5/25MG 

phosphoDiesterAse iNhibitor 

IBMX Pan-specific inhibitor of PDEs 100 mg/1G P019-100MG/1G 

sirt iNhibitors AND ACtiVAtors 

Sirtinol NAD-dependant HDAC Inh. 5/25 mg P016-5/25MG 

Resveratrol SIRT1 activator 100/500 mg P002-100/500MG 

BPDP (BML-278) Novel SIRT activator 5/25 mg P003-5/25MG 

Piceatannol Activator of SIRT1 5/25 mg P009-5/25MG 

EX-527 Selective SIRT1 inhibitor 5/25 mg P005-5/25MG 

histoNe DemethyLAse iNhibitors 

Tranylcypromine LSD1 Inhibitor 10 mM X042-1EA 

For structures please see page 45. 


pdx 

enzyme Activator and inhibitor structures 

5-Azacytidine Apicidin BIX-01294 BML-210 

Catalog No. P012 Catalog No. P011 Catalog No. P018 Catalog No. P013 

BML-278 C-646 Decitibine EX-527 


FK-866 Garcinol HPA IBMX 


Phenylbutyrate Piceatannol Resveratrol SAHA 


Sirtinol Trichostatin A Tranylcypromine Valproate 

Catalog No. P016 Catalog No. P010 Catalog No. X042-1EA Catalog No. P001 


46 

technical information 

teChNiCAL iNDex 

f Immunoassay Information 

f 

f 

f 

f 

Getting the Most From Your Assay 

Plate Reader Set Up 

Sample Extraction 

Premium Rules of Assays 

immuNoAssAy iNFormAtioN 

The basic components of any immunoassay system are three-fold; an antigen or antibody that we would like to detect 

and quantitate, specific antibodies to this antigen, and a system to measure the amount of the antigen in a given sample. 

In many cases a number of other assays materials are necessary to allow for quick and convenient measurement. This 

simplified system has been used in several different ways and the three most common are outlined below. NOTE: “ELISA” 

has been mistakenly used for all 3 types (and more) of the systems described below. We will interchange EIA and ELISA 

in marketing materials but, to us, an EIA is a small molecule immunoassay, a Sandwich assay is for larger proteins and 

biomolecules, and a “real” ELISA is an assay to measure antibodies. 

1. eiA 

This competitive assay system is best exemplified by a typical EIA system. Here a single antibody to a small molecular 

weight antigen, typically less than 10,000 Dalton, is used. This antibody, at a very specific defined and limited concentration, 

competitively binds the antigen in the sample and the antigen labeled with some detection system, like Horseradish 

Peroxidase. The amount of the bound antigen added to the reaction is measured at the end of the immunological binding 

reaction and the percentage bound is inversely proportional to the amount of unlabeled antigen. Separation at the end of the 

immunological binding reaction can be done by a number of systems but typical separation systems use a microtiter plate, or 

beads. This type of reaction, along with its variations, is the only method possible for small molecular weight antigens, such 

as steroids, drugs, lipids, and peptides. 

The typical format for one of our EIAs is shown below. We use peroxidase as the detection enzyme because of its stability, 

turnover number and lack of interferences. We separate the antibody-bound labeled antigen at the end of the immunological 

binding reaction using a secondary antibody coated microtiter plate that specifically binds the primary antibody. The excess 

reagents are washed out of the plate. The resulting signal from the plate bound labeled antigen is inversely proportional to 

the amount of antigen in the sample. 

Sample Antigen 

Primary 

Antibody 

Capture Antibody 

Antigen-Peroxidase Conjugate 

see page 15 for typical binding Curves. 

Colorimetric Chemiluminescent 


technical information Continued 

2. sandwich Assays 

Also called immunometric assays, they use 2 or more specific antibodies to “sandwich” the antigen. Typically one antibody 

is bound to the separation system, such as a microtiter plate, and one antibody is used to detect the antigen. It can be seen 

that the antigen is captured between the 2 antibodies, one attached to the solid phase, the other labeled with an enzyme. 

Typically the amount of solid phase antibody and enzyme-conjugated antibody are in a large excess over the amount of 

antigen in the sample. This makes the kinetics of binding of the antigen to the solid phase, and the antibody conjugate to 

the antigen to be pseudo-first order, resulting in very rapid kinetics and high sensitivity. The result is an assay that produces 

a signal that is proportional to the amount of antigen in solution. 

Sample Antigen 

Primary Capture Antibody 

Primary Antibody-Peroxidase Conjugate 

Colorimetric Chemiluminescent 

3. eLisA Assays 

The real “ELISA” format uses a solid phase coated with either a specific protein, killed or neutralized virus, or synthetic 

peptide fragments. It is commonly used to detect the presence of antibodies to specific antigenic sites on proteins and 

viruses. These assays have been used extensively in AIDS and hepatitis testing. Samples, typically from donated blood, are 

applied to the solid phase. Any antibodies to the virus, suggesting viral exposure, will bind to the viral antigen on the solid 

phase. After a wash step, a second antibody, labeled with an enzyme is added. This second antibody is specific to human 

IgG or IgM and binds to the sample antibody bound to the solid phase antigen. 

4. CLiA or ChemiLuminescent immunoAssays 

This is an assay where the readout is the emission of light from a CLIA substrate is substituted for the TMB and the reaction 

of the captured antigen molecule labeled with peroxidase, or the peroxidase conjugated detection antibody. CLIAs 

use white plates and these white plates are coated using identical conditions as for the clear plates used in EIAs. In our 

peroxidase based readout CLIA assays after the final wash step the chemiluminescent substrate is added to the plate and 

the intensity is read immediately. We specify 0.1 second read time per well using our CLIA substrate. This allows a typical 

96-well plate to be read in about 10 seconds. 

5. Antibody generation 

Antigen purity 

In order to raise an antibody to a particular antigen the first requirement is the need for a reliable supply of the pure high 

quality antigen. This is very important. If the antigen injected into an animal is impure the resulting antisera may recognize 

the impurities with equal or greater affinity thereby invalidating the whole measurement method. The purity of the antigen 

is therefore of the utmost importance. 

Attachment Chemistry 

If you wish to raise an antibody to a small molecular weight antigen, such as one of the prostaglandins we work with, the 

molecule is not large enough to elicit an antigenic response by itself. For molecules up to about 5,000-10,000 molecular 

weight the molecule should be covalently conjugated to a carrier protein for optimum antigenic recognition. The injected 

antigen conjugated protein, will give rise to a range of antibodies, some recognizing the carrier protein and some the antigen 

conjugated to the protein. Suitable proteins are albumins, such as BSA and ovalbumin, or keyhole limpet hemocyanin 

(KLH). The antigen must be attached at a high ratio to the protein. If the antigen is larger than 5,000 to 10,000 molecular 

weight then it can be used directly without any chemical modification. 


48 


To attach a small molecular weight compound to a carrier protein the typical methods employed use any reactive groups 

on the antigen. For example, with prostaglandins we activate the carboxylic acid group on the prostaglandin molecule 

before conjugating to form an amide bound with the lysine groups on the particular carrier protein. Suitable conjugation 

methods can be found in the books by T. Chard, in “An Introduction to Radioimmunoassay & Related Techniques”, (1990), 

4th Ed., Elsevier, Amsterdam and by P. Tijssen, in “Practice & Theory of Enzyme Immunoassays”, (1985), Elsevier, Amsterdam. 

Both books have methods on conjugating small molecules to carrier proteins. After conjugation the labeled carrier 

protein is purified and aliquoted. 

Animal Facility and host 

The next choices that have to be made are the selection of the facility for raising the antisera and the species of animal to 

be used. Avoid companies that raise their own antisera for sale; they may be “tempted” to sell your antisera. A convenient 

way to avoid this is to use only an identifier, e.g., “Arbor123”. 

Once you have selected a suitable vendor then the selection of host animal should be chosen. Most polyclonals are raised 

in rabbits and monoclonals in mice. The choice of host can be very wide depending on both volume of antisera needed 

and any expected host interferences. For most experiments rabbits will provide an abundant quantity of antisera, however, 

for large scale applications, such as microtiter plate coating, goats, sheep, donkeys, horses, or the use of monoclonals will 

give you an “unlimited” supply. Note that raising monoclonals is about 3 times more expensive than polyclonals and the 

antisera obtained may not have as high an affinity or may not be as stable as a polyclonal source. 

Antisera evaluation 

The evaluation of the antisera produced is typically a major task. It will involve assessment of affinity or sensitivity, cross 

reactivity, and stability among other parameters. When we develop an assay using a newly obtained antibody we will 

evaluate each individual antisera in that order, determining if the antisera has a high enough affinity to allow detection of 

the antigen in the normal range. This ranking has allowed us to produce a number of immunoassays with superior performance 

characteristics. 

Having produced a sufficient quantity of antisera with good cross reactivity and sensitivity, the evaluation process should 

then be followed by stability and other parameters. In general polyclonal antisera are very stable, unstable IgG molecules 

have probably been eliminated within the host prior to the sera being isolated. In our experience polyclonal antisera are 

stable for over 1 year at 4°C in suitable buffers containing carrier proteins and preservatives. However, evaluate the stability 

of each antisera for yourself. 

Monoclonal antibodies can have different properties due to the fact that they are a single IgG or IgM species. In general 

IgG1 species are the most stable although other species may display adequate stability. The monoclonals may also be IgM 

and require special handling. Obviously each monoclonal is a unique molecule and the greatest care and attention should 

be used for the storage of any clones. The clones should be stored in multiple locations so that a catastrophe at any one 

site does not destroy the ability to produce more antibody. Each storage location should have emergency backup and 

alarm features. In our hands monoclonal antibodies of the IgG 1 species are also stable in solution at 4°C in buffers containing 

carrier proteins and preservatives. 

gettiNg the most From your AssAy 

As Albert Einstein once said “If we knew what we were doing, it wouldn’t be called Research”. This applies to your experiment 

as well. If you knew that the concentration of “X” was Y pg/mL you probably would not have bought our kit for 

measuring “X”. So before you use the whole kit we suggest you try the following: 

1. 

2. 

3. 

Evaluate the dilution needed to measure the analyte by taking a normal sample, and make serial 1:10 dilutions with the 

kit assay buffer or diluent. 

Run a single well of the serial 1:10, 1:100, etc dilutions in the kit to determine the dilution necessary for accurate analyte 

measurement. 

Depending on if you expect the concentrations in your other samples will be higher or lower than this normal sample, 

determine the dilution where the signal starts to change in a linear or predictable fashion. 


4. 

5. 


Dilute the samples aiming for them to be at the appropriate part of the curve for your experiment. 

If you are performing a fluorescent or chemiluminescent assay you can also ensure that the reader is performing as 

expected with the high and low signal giving you acceptable signals. 

pLAte reADer set up 

The proper experimental set up is very important to get the most from our kits. For most CL experiments the set up is easy. 

CL is read without any filters or wavelength selection and so the only parameter that needs to be addressed is the Gain 

setting. Some instruments will allow you to alter the gain and you need to set the lowest signal well to be close to zero RLU 

or FLU. Your highest signal well should be set at about 90% of the dynamic range of the reader. These settings will give you 

the best signal-to-noise (S/N) ratio. 

FL assays require the same set up as CL measurements above but with the added step of ensuring the excitation (Ex) and 

emission (Em) settings are appropriate. FL readers may be either filter or monochromator readers. Filter readers require that 

the Ex amd Em filters are appropriate for the kit. Please contact us if you have questions. Monochromator readers allow the 

precise wavelength to be set. 

If you have any other questions about gain or filter selections please contact your plate reader manufacturer. 

sAmpLe extrACtioN 

Visit our website for extraction protocols at: http://www.arborassays.com/resources/lit.asp There are typical protocols for 

a variety of different sample types. Below are outlines of 3 helpful protocols for different samples. 

Cyclic Nucleotides in tissues. Grind a weighed amount of frozen tissue in a homogenizer in the kit Sample Diluent. Use 

the Sample Diluent supernatant for the cAMP or cGMP assay, and if you require a protein determination, use a BCA protein 

type assay to determine protein concentration. See the kit manuals for more information. 

prostaglandins from tissues. Grind a weighed amount of frozen tissue in a homogenizer in pH 4 0.1M phosphate 

buffer:absolute ethanol 30:70 using 10-50 µL per mg of tissue. Centrifuge and speed evaporate the supernatant until dry. 

Reconstitute in the kit Assay Buffer. See the kit manuals for more information. 

Fecal steroids in Field situations. Take a weighed amount of fecal material and add methanol:water 80:20 using a ratio of 

extraction media to wet feces of 2.5:1. Samples can be stored in this matrix if kept at -20°C. When processing samples for 

assay purposes, take the thawed sample and shake for 20 minutes. Centrifuge and collect the supernatant. These samples 

can be kept at -20°C for later processing; diluted at least 1:50 in kit assay buffer for assay immediately; or speed vacuum 

evaporated to dryness. See the kit manuals for more information. 

premium ruLes oF AssAys: 

1. sample matrix. Your samples must be in the identical matrix as the standards to obtain a valid reading. 

2. Data Analysis. We suggest that you always use the 4PLC software that is available for almost all plate readers. For 

small molecule assays, such as cortisol, cAMP or PGE , a 4PLC program must be used. Most programs have provisions 

2 

to flag out of range values and to give you CVs for both the signal and the concentration. 

3. Contact us before you run the Assay. If you are in any doubt about the protocol, how to treat your samples, how to 

handle any of the reagents, etc. please contact us by E mail at Technical@ArborAssays.com or call us at 734-677-1774 

before you start the assay. We will speedily answer your question and make suggestions so you can get the most out 

of your experiment. 


© 2012 

DetectX®, ThioStar®, Arbor Assays® Logo are 

Registered Trademarks of Arbor Assays LLC

immunoassay (eiA) kit - BioNova

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