Selenium - The Risk Assessment Information System

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Result # Table 5.1 Avian Toxicity Data Extracted for Wildlife Toxicity Reference Value (TRV) Selenium Page 4 of 4 Doses Conc/ of # Reference Ref No. Test Organism 180 Echevarria et al., 1988 1289 Chicken (Gallus domesticus ) 4 U FD 3 w 1 d JV M MOR MORT WO 0.64 68 181 O'Toole and Raisbeck 1997 1476 Mallard (Anas platyrhynchos ) 4 U FD 50 d NR NR AD M MOR MORT WO 0.699 4.19 82 182 El-Begerami et al, 1977 1291 Japanese Quail (Coturnix japonica ) 3 U FD 12 w 1 d JV B MOR SURV WO 0.702 1.40 83 183 El-Begearmi et al, 1982 6433 Japanese Quail (Coturnix japonica ) 2 U FD 16 w NR NR NR B MOR SURV WO 0.780 70 184 Heinz 1993 1347 Duck (Anas platyrhynchos ) 2 U FD 21 w NR NR AD M MOR MORT WO 0.844 70 185 Hill, 1979 1370 Chicken (Gallus domesticus ) 2 U FD 2 w 1 d JV B MOR MORT WO 0.859 72 186 Heinz et. al., 1989 1354 Duck (Anas platyrhynchos ) 2 UX FD 49 d NR NR SM B MOR MORT WO 0.890 76 187 Stoewsand, etl al, 1977 1574 Japanese Quail (Coturnix japonica ) 2 U FD 10 w 2 w JV B MOR MORT WO 0.896 78 188 Sell and Horani, 1976 1550 Japanese Quail (Coturnix japonica ) 2 U FD 23 d 8 d JV B MOR MORT WO 0.909 78 189 Heinz et. al., 1989 1354 Duck (Anas platyrhynchos ) 6 UX FD 46 w NR NR SM B MOR MORT WO 0.910 79 190 Yamamoto et al, 1998 1636 American Kestrel (Falco sparverius ) 2 M FD 77 d NR NR MA B MOR MORT WO 0.944 75 191 Heinz and Hoffman, 1987 1356 Mallard (Anas platyrhynchos ) 2 UX FD 41 d 2 yr SM F MOR MORT WO 1.01 84 192 Yamamoto et al, 1998 1636 American Kestrel (Falco sparverius ) 3 M FD 77 d NR NR MA B MOR MORT WO 1.06 78 193 Heinz and Fitzgerald, 1993 36813 Mallard (Anas platyrhynchos ) 2 M FD 21 w NR NR SM B MOR MORT WO 1.08 76 194 Hoffman et al, 1991 1377 Mallard (Anas platyrhynchos ) 3 UX FD 4 w 1 d JV B MOR SURV WO 1.13 4.53 87 195 Hoffman et al, 1992 1376 Duck (Anas platyrhynchos ) 3 UX FD 4 w 1 d JV B MOR SURV WO 1.20 4.80 87 196 Green and Albers, 1997 1319 Mallard (Anas platyrhynchos ) 5 U FD 16 w 14 mo AD M MOR MORT WO 1.22 2.44 83 197 Hoffman et al, 1992 1378 Mallard (Anas platyrhynchos ) 3 UX FD 4 w 1 d JV B MOR SURV WO 1.23 4.94 87 198 Santolo et al 1999 1535 American Kestrel (Falco sparverius ) 3 M FD 11 w NR mo AD B MOR MORT WO 1.37 78 199 Ansari and Britton, 1974 36789 Chicken (Gallus domesticus ) 2 U FD 10 d 1 d JV M MOR MORT WO 1.38 77 200 Howell and Hill, 1978 1387 Chicken (Gallus domesticus ) 2 U FD 20 d 1 d JV B MOR MORT WO 1.42 77 214 Hill, 1979 1370 Chicken (Gallus domesticus ) 2 U FD 2 w 1 d JV B MOR MORT WO 1.72 72 201 Hoffman et al, 1991 1374 Mallard (Anas platyrhynchos ) 7 U FD 14 w 2 yr AD M MOR SURV WO 1.87 78 202 Smith et al, 1988 1562 Black-crowned night-heron (Nycticorax nycti 3 UX FD 92 d NR NR AD B MOR MORT WO 2.03 78 203 Albers et al 1996 1208 Duck (Anas platyrhynchos ) 5 U FD 16 w 1 yr AD M MOR MORT WO 2.38 4.75 80 204 Heinz et al 1996 1357 Mallard (Anas platyrhynchos ) 2 U FD 2 w 1 d JV NR MOR SURV WO 3.04 73 205 Donaldson and McGowan, 1989 1285 Chicken (Gallus domesticus ) 3 U FD 18 d 1 d JV M MOR MORT WO 3.04 6.08 84 206 Jensen et al., 1977 1404 Chicken (Gallus domesticus ) 5 U FD 2 w 1 d JV B MOR MORT WO 3.07 6.14 78 207 Heinz and Hoffman, 1987 1356 Mallard (Anas platyrhynchos ) 6 UX FD 57 d 2 yr SM B MOR MORT WO 3.08 12.3 84 208 Heinz et al 1996 1357 Mallard (Anas platyrhynchos ) 3 U FD 1 w 1 d JV NR MOR SURV WO 3.49 6.99 85 209 Stoewsand, etl al, 1977 1574 Japanese Quail (Coturnix japonica ) 2 M FD 10 w 2 w JV B MOR MORT WO 3.64 83 210 Heinz et al 1996 1357 Mallard (Anas platyrhynchos ) 3 U FD 2 w 1 d JV NR MOR SURV WO 3.72 79 211 Heinz et al 1988 1355 Mallard (Anas platyrhynchos ) 5 UX FD 3 w 1 d JV NR MOR MORT WO 3.99 7.98 90 212 Heinz et al 1988 1355 Mallard (Anas platyrhynchos ) 5 UX FD 2 w 1 d JV NR MOR MORT WO 5.84 11.7 90 213 Heinz et al 1996 1357 Mallard (Anas platyrhynchos ) 3 U FD 2 w 1 d JV NR MOR SURV WO 7.31 66 215 Jensen et al., 1977 1404 Chicken (Gallus domesticus ) 5 U FD 2 w 1 d JV B MOR MORT WO 28.2 29.0 78 216 Khan et al, 1993 1415 Chicken (Gallus domesticus ) 2 U GV 28 d 43 d JV F MOR MORT WO 0.50 78 217 Howell and Hill, 1978 1387 Chicken (Gallus domesticus ) 2 U FD 21 d 1 d JV B MOR MORT WO 1.78 77 218 Hill, 1974 1369 Chicken (Gallus domesticus ) 2 U FD 2 w 1 d JV B MOR MORT WO 3.44 77 219 Heinz 1993 1347 Duck (Anas platyrhynchos ) 2 U FD 5 w NR NR AD M MOR MORT WO 5.75 71 ABNM = abnormal; B = both; BDWT = body weight changes; BEH = behavior; BIO = biochemical; BL = blood; bw = body weight; CHM = chemical changes; d = day; DR = drinking water; EG = egg; EGG = egg; EGPN = eggs per nest; EGWT = egg weight; EM = embryo; ENZ = enyzme level changes; ESTH = eggshell thickness; F = female; FCNS = food consumption; FD = food; FDB = feeding behavior; FDCV = food conversion efficiency; FO = foot; GCHM = general biochemical changes; GENZ = general enzyme changes; GHIS = general histology; GITX = general intoxication; GLAD = glutamic acid dehydrogenase; GLPX = glutathione peroxidase; GLSN = gross lesions; GLTH = glutathione; GPHY = general pysiology changes; GRO = growth; GV = gavage; GZ = gizzard; HEME = heme content; HIS = histological changes; HMGL = hemoglobin; HTCH = hatch; IRRI = skin irritation; ITX = intoxication; JV = juvenile; kg = kilograms; KI = kidney; LB = egg-laying bird; LI = liver; LIPD = lipid; LOAEL = lowest observed adverse effect level; mg = milligrams; mo = months; M = male; M = measured; MOR = effects on mortality and survival; MORT = mortality; NCRO = necrosis; NDAY = number of days between eggs laid; NK = neck; NOAEL = No Observed Advese Effect Level; NR = Not reported; ODVP = offspring development; OR = other oral; ORW = organ weight changes; ORWT = organ weight changes; OV = ovaries; PHY = physiology; PL = plasma; PLBR = pairs with litter or brood; PR = proventriculus; PROG = progeny counts/numbers; PTH = pathology; REP = reproduction; RSUC = reproductive success (general); SK = skin; SM = sexually mature; SMIX = weight relative to body weight; SP = spleen; SR = serum; SURV = survival; TE = testes; TERA = teratogenic measurements; TEWT = testes weight; TPRD = total production; U = unmeasured; UX = measured but values not reported; w = weeks; WO = whole organism; yr = year. *NOAEL and LOAEL values that are equal and from the same reference represent different experimental designs. These are designated with different Phase numbers in Appendix 5.1. Eco-SSL for Selenium July 2007 Method of Analyses Route of Exposure Exposure Duration Duration Units Age Age Units Lifestage Sex Effect Type Effect Measure Response Site NOAEL Dose* (mg/kg bw/day) LOAEL Dose* (mg/kg bw/day) Total
Dose (mg Se/kg bw/day) 100.00 10.00 1.00 0.10 0.01 75 75 76 70 69 70 76 75 70 757569 68 74 69 71 7171 71 7171 71 85 85 82 74 80 80 82 85 85 74 74 80 80 74 78 78 73 7373 73 68 73 7373 75 7473 79 73 79 71 Wildlife TRV Derivation Process Data Evaluation Score 71 66 75 74 83 72 66 66 Figure 5.1 Avian TRV Derivation for Selenium 7180 7070747975 7973 7281828278756979 70 80 80 83 73 7274 82 81 79 7579 80 83 82 78 75 83 73 80 80 73 74 737371 74 66 73 79 78 74 73 898590 85897079 7075 81 70 87 83 83 898590 81 89 85 83 Lowest-Observed Adverse Effect Dose Paired values from same study when joined by line No-Observed Adverse Effect Dose 1) There are at least three results available for two test species within the growth, reproduction, and mortality effect groups. There are enough data to derive a TRV. 2) There are at least three NOAEL results available within the growth and reproduction effect groups for calculation of a geometric mean. 3) The geometric mean is equal to 0.606 mg selenium/kg bw/d. However, this value is higher than the lowest bounded LOAEL for results within the reproduction, growth, and survival (MOR) effect groups. 3) The avian wildlife TRV for selenium is equal to 0.290 mg selenium/kg bw/day which is the highest NOAEL value lower than the lowest bounded LOAEL value for effects on reproduction, growth or survival. 80 87 79 857979 84 83777678787885 8383 84 83 85 81 7782 6877 686868682 77 7978 69 68686676788989 79 78 77 82 81 75 7782 73 7570 84 84 72 7772 86 86 78 8989 8477 84 72 77 777 77 77 758277777176 77 77177 78 8479 77 71 82 7877 8478 84 78 87838778777 8584 779688283707072767878797584787687 72 7880 7384784 85837990 82 87 66 90 83 8584 84 84 87 84 87 85 8478 80 83 90 90 71 77 77 78 Biochemical (BIO) Behavior (BEH) Physiology (PHY) Pathology (PTH) Reproduction (REP) Growth (GRO) Mortality (MOR) BIO-NOAEL BIO-LOAEL BEH-NOAEL BEH-LOAEL PHY-NOAEL PHY-LOAEL PTH-NOAEL PTH-LOAEL REP-NOAEL REP-LOAEL GRO-NOAEL GRO-LOAEL MOR-NOAEL MOR-LOAEL 83 Geometric mean of NOAEL values for effects on reproduction and growth = 0.606 TRV = Highest bounded NOAEL lower than lowest bounded LOAEL for reproduction, growth or survival = 0.290 (Result # 171; Table 5.1) Eco-SSL for Selenium 13 July 2007 77 78
Page 1 and 2: Ecological Soil Screening Levels fo
Page 3 and 4: TABLE OF CONTENTS 1.0 INTRODUCTION
Page 5 and 6: 1.0 INTRODUCTION Ecological Soil Sc
Page 7 and 8: elemental forms (Mayland et al.,198
Page 9 and 10: 3.0 ECO-SSL FOR TERRESTRIAL PLANTS
Page 11 and 12: Table 4.1 Invertebrate Toxicity Dat
Page 13 and 14: Result # Reference Table 5.1 Avian
Page 15: Result # Table 5.1 Avian Toxicity D
Page 19 and 20: Result # Reference Table 6.1 Mammal
Page 21 and 22: Result # Table 6.1 Mammalian Toxici
Page 27 and 28: Within the reviewed papers there ar
Page 29 and 30: 7.0 REFERENCES 7.1 General Selenium
Page 31 and 32: OM, pH Archer, F. C. 1983. The Upta
Page 33 and 34: OM, pH Cary, E. E. and Allaway, W.
Page 35 and 36: OM, pH Gupta, U. C. and MacLeod, J.
Page 37 and 38: 67-89 Species Lance, V., Joanen, T.
Page 39 and 40: Selenium volatilization and assimil
Page 41 and 42: Uptake and Distribution of Total Me
Page 43 and 44: tissue and egg selenium. Poultry Sc
Page 45 and 46: Echevarria, M. G., Henry, P. R., Am
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Nut def Chavez, E. R. 1979. effect
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selenium and zinc. Agri-practice. 1
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influencing the biological effects
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supplements for grazing sheep: 3. d
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immunologic effects of supranutriti
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utilization, growth, deficiency sym
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globin type and selenium status on
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Drug Wendt, M., Fuhrmann, H., and D
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ducklings deprived of vitamin e and
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Drug Zargham Khan, M., Szarek, J.,
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Rejection Criteria Literature Rejec
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Appendix 5-1 Avian Toxicity Data Ex
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Result # Ref N. Reference Chemical
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