Molecular characterization of endemic salmonella infections ... - Evira

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number of hits 500 400 300 200 100 0 80-84 85-89 90-94 95-99 00-04 05-07 year 41 MLVA (2004-2007) VNTR (2003-2007) MLST (2002-2007) IS200-PCR (2000) AFLP (1998-2007) PCR-RFLP (1997-2007) REP-PCR (1996-2007) ERIC-PCR (1996-2007) RAPD-PCR (1996-2007) AP-PCR (1995-2004) PFGE (1994-2007) ribotyping (1993-2007) IS200typing (1991-2007) plasmid fingerprinting (1982-2007) plasmid profiles (1982-2007) Figure 2B. The use of molecular typing methods in typing Salmonellae over time. Results of Medline search on the methods and salmonella was conducted in March 2007. The total number of hits within the time period and also the years when the method has been in use according to the Medline records are shown.
3. AIMS OF THE STUDY The aim of this work was to understand the molecular epidemiology of salmonella infections in cattle caused by the major endemic serovars Salmonella Infantis, S. Agona and S. Typhimurium DT1, and thereby to: - identify risk factors for human infections, - identify infection sources for outbreaks, - follow the persistence of particular infections, - recognize new infections, and - assess the efficacy of control measures. The specific aims of the study were to: 1. Identify the genotype of the feedstuff-related S. Infantis outbreak strain and detect the farms that might have got their S. Infantis infection from the contaminated feed in 1995, and to follow the stability of the feedstuff-related genotypes on selected farms (I). 2. Describe the genetic diversity among S. Infantis isolates obtained from Finnish cattle over two decades, follow the persistence of the feedstuff-related outbreak strain from 1995 in the cattle population, and learn about the genetic variation of S. Infantis isolates in individual herds with longlasting infections (II). 3. Analyse, whether the S. Agona infection in cattle was genetically related to the infection in humans by molecular means, particularly the outbreak among humans in 1999 (III). 4. Characterize the S. Typhimurium DT1 infection in cattle, other animals and in humans to identify sources of human infections (IV). 42
Page 1 and 2: Evira Research Reports 3/2008 Nanna
Page 3 and 4: Supervised by Professor Sinikka Pel
Page 5 and 6: CONTENTS ABSTRACT 6 ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
Page 7 and 8: ABSTRACT Salmonellosis is one of th
Page 9 and 10: ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS This study was car
Page 11 and 12: ORIGINAL PUBLICATIONS The dissertat
Page 13 and 14: wanted to see the long term genetic
Page 15 and 16: Salmonella in 1989. Therefore, the
Page 17 and 18: Salmonella Dublin primarily localiz
Page 19 and 20: 2.2.3 Salmonella in cattle in the E
Page 21 and 22: considered endemic in Finland from
Page 23 and 24: In the Hazard Analysis and Critical
Page 25 and 26: Antimicrobial susceptibility testin
Page 27 and 28: The acquisition or loss of a plasmi
Page 29 and 30: In the 1990s, ribotyping was widely
Page 31 and 32: IS200-typing in S. Thompson yielded
Page 33 and 34: 2.4.2.6 Polymerase chain reaction (
Page 35 and 36: and one serotype did not always cor
Page 37 and 38: ibotyping (Millemann et al 2000). T
Page 39 and 40: and that could be used for discrimi
Page 41: number of hits 250 200 150 100 50 0
Page 45 and 46: 4.1.2 S. Agona isolates (III) The i
Page 47 and 48: Biolabs, Beverly, MA, USA). The rea
Page 49 and 50: 4.2.3 Ribotyping and IS200-typing (
Page 51 and 52: 5. RESULTS 5.1 S. Infantis (I, II)
Page 53 and 54: Ribo- and IS200-types (II). Fiftyse
Page 55 and 56: in human isolates of domestic origi
Page 57 and 58: 5.3 S. Typhimurium DT1 (IV) PFGE pr
Page 59 and 60: Neither large nor small plasmids we
Page 61 and 62: analysed isolates. The banding patt
Page 63 and 64: type pf1 was detected again. The se
Page 65 and 66: We saw a total of 39 different PFGE
Page 67 and 68: a connection with fur animals, whic
Page 69 and 70: molecular analyses of S. Typhimuriu
Page 71 and 72: 6.3.2 S. Typhimurium DT1 infection
Page 73 and 74: Table 2. The applicability of the m
Page 75 and 76: (Table 2, continued) S. Typhimurium
Page 77 and 78: interpretation of banding patterns
Page 79 and 80: 7. CONCLUSIONS 1. The genotype of t
Page 81 and 82: Barton BM, Harding GP, Zuccarelli A
Page 83 and 84: Cooke FJ, Wain J, Fookes M, Ivens A
Page 85 and 86: Fisher IST. The Enter-net internati
Page 87 and 88: Jones PW, Collins P, Brown GT, Aitk
Page 89 and 90: Lindstedt B-A, Vardund T, Aas L, Ka
Page 91 and 92: Nair S, Schreiber E, Thong KL, Pang
Page 93 and 94:
Peters TM, Maguire C, Threlfall EJ,
Page 95 and 96:
Seuna E. Salmonella infections of b
Page 97 and 98:
Threlfall EJ, Hampton MD, Ward LR,
Page 99:
Finnish Food Safety Authority Evira
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