Presentation - FAIR

MATS & LaSpec: High-precision experiments using 

lasers and ion traps at FAIR 

Daniel Rodríguez 

University of Granada 

for the MATS and LaSpec collaborations 

Trapped Charged Particles and Fundamental Interactions 2010 

Saariselkä (Finland), April 2010 

MATS board 

Spokesperson: Klaus Blaum 

Co-spokesperson: Ari Jokinen, J.R. Crespo López-Urrutia 

Technical coordinator: Frank Herfurth 

LaSpec board 

Spokesperson: Wilfried Nörtershäuser 

Co-spokesperson: Iain Moore 

Technical coordinator: Christopher Geppert 

TDR coordinator: Daniel Rodríguez

MATS & LaSpec stands for 

Precise Measurements on very short-lived nuclei using an 

Advanced Trapping System 

Laser Spectroscopy on very short-lived nuclei 

At FAIR (future Facility for Antiprotons and Ion Research)

The MATS collaboration 

• BELGIUM: Université Libre de Bruxelles Paul-Henri Heenen 

• CANADA: Magnet: TRIUMFBruker Jens Dilling, Paul B-E25v Delheij, Alain Lapierre, Maxime Brodeur, Stephan Ettenauer, Thomas 

Brunner 

• FINLAND: University of Jyväskylä, Juha Äystö, Ari Jokinen, Iain Moore, Veli Kolhinen 

• FRANCE: CSNSM-IN2P3,CNRS, Georges Audi, David Lunney, Sarah Naimi, Enrique Minaya-Ramirez CEA 

Saclay, Michael Bender 

•GERMANY: Max-Planck-Institute for Nuclear Physics, Klaus Blaum, R. Burco Cakirli, Sergey Eliseev, 

Sebastian George, Alban Kellerbauer, Yuri A. Litvinov, Szilard Nagy, Julia Repp, Christian Roux, Joachim 

Ullrich, José R. Crespo López -Urrutia Ernst-Moritz-Arndt University, Alexander Herlert, Gerrit Marx, Lutz 

Schweikhard, Falk Ziegler Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nürnberg, Paul-Gerhard Reinhard GSI, 

Dietrich Beck, Michael Block, Michael Dworschak, Hans Geissel, Sophie Heinz, Frank Herfurth, Wolfgang 

Quint, Christoph Scheidenberger, Martin Winkler Johannes Gutenberg University, Klaus Eberhardt, 

Christopher Geppert, Jens Ketelaer, Susanne Kreim, Dennis Neidherr, Wilfried Nörtershäuser, Birgit 

Schabinger, Justus-Liebig University Timo Dickel, Christian Jesch, Martin Petrick, Wolfgang R. Plaß Ludwig- 

Maximilians University München Eva Gartzke, Jerzy Szerypo, Peter G. Thirolf, Christine Weber 

• INDIA: Variable Energy Cyclotron Centre, Manir Ahammed, Parnika Das, Anirban De, Amlan Ray, Raniganj 

Girls' College Alokkumar De 

• RUSSIA: St. Petersburg Nuclear Physics Institute Yuri Gusev, Dmitri Nesterenko, Yuri N. Novikov, A. Popov, 

Maxim Seliverstov, Alexander Vasiliev , Gleb Vorobjev 

• SPAIN: University of Granada, Antonio M. Lallena, Daniel Rodríguez, IFIC-CSIC, Berta Rubio, José Luis 

Taín, Alejandro Algora University of Huelva José Enrique García Ramos, CIEMAT Daniel Cano-Ott, Trinitario 

Martínez, UPC, M. Belén Gómez Hornillos, Guillén Cortés 

• SWEDEN: Stockholm University, Reinhold Schuch, Markus Suhonen, Andreas Solders, Matthias Hobein 

• USA: Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory Dieter Schneider Michigan State University Georg Bollen, 

Oliver Kester, Rafael Ferrer, Stefan Schwarz, Louisiana State University Milan Matos 

10 countries, 24 institutes, 87 members

The LaSpec collaboration 

• BELGIUM: Magnet: Katholieke Bruker Universiteit B-E25v 

Leuven Mark Huyse, Iouri Kodriavtsev, Gerda Neyens, Piet van Duppen 

• FINLAND: University of Jyväskylä, Juha Äystö, Ari Jokinen, Iain Moore 

• FRANCE: CSNSM-IN2P3,CNRS, François Le Blanc, David Lunney, Kieran Flanagan 

• GERMANY: Max-Planck-Institute for Nuclear Physics, Klaus Blaum, Joachim Ullrich, José R. Crespo López- 

Urrutia, Deyan Yordanov, Magdalena Kowalska, GSI, Christopher Geppert, Thomas Kühl, Christoph 

Scheidenberger, Johannes Gutenberg University, Wilfried Nörtershäuser, Jörg Krämer, Andreas Krieger, 

Rodolfo Sánchez, Gerhard Huber, Maxim Seliverstov, Klaus Wendt, Ludwig-Maximilians University München 

Dieter Habs, Jerzy Szerypo, Peter G. Thirolf 

• GREAT BRITAIN: University of Manchester Paul Campbell, Jonathan Billowes 

• SPAIN: University of Granada, Daniel Rodríguez 

• SWITZERLAND: CERN, Andreas Dax 

• USA: Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory Dieter Schneider Pacific Northwest National Lab Bruce A. 

Bushaw 

8 countries, 13 institutes, 34 members

Outline 

• Motivation 

• Penning trap and laser spectroscopy techniques for radioactive 

isotopes 

• The FAIR accelerator complex 

• Isotopes in reach 

• Layout of the facilities 

• Expected performance 

• Outlook 

“TCP2010” Saariselkä (Finland)• April 2010 D. Rodríguez

Motivation (MATS & LaSpec) 

•Gianluca Colò (INFN, Milano) 

•Tommi Eronen (CVC hypothesis, CKM matrix, JYFLTRAP) 

•Ryan Ringle (IMME, rp-process, LEBIT) 

•Michael Dworshack (heavy elements and trap-assisted 

spectroscopy, SHIPTRAP) 

•Sara Naimi (fine structure nuclear mass surface, ISOLTRAP) 

•Magdalena Kowalska (trap-assisted spectroscopy, ISOLTRAP) 

•Maxime Brodeur (halo nuclei, TITAN) 

•Juho Rissanen (trap-assisted spectroscopy, JYFLTRAP) 

•Veli Kolhinen (neutrino less double beta decay, JYFLTRAP) 

•Tomas Brunner (neutrino less double beta decay, TITAN) 

•Hendrik Schatz (astrophysics, MSU) 

•Anu Kankainen (astrophysics, JYFLTRAP) 

•Szilard Nagy (TRIGA-TRAP) 

•Guy Savard (CARIBU) 

Double 

β-decay 

δm/m ≈ 10 -9 

Weak Interaction 

symmetry tests, 

CVC hypothesis, CKM 

matrix 

δm/m ≈ 10 -8 

Astrophysics 

Nucleosynthesis 

“TCP2010” Saariselkä (Finland)• April 2010 D. Rodríguez 

δm/m ≈ 10 -7 

Nuclear Structure 

shell closure, pairing, 

deformation, halos 

δm/m ≤ 1·10-7 •Michiharu Wada (precision spectroscopy on 7,9,10,11Be + , RIKEN) 

•Iain Moore (Optical manipulation of ions in a RFQ-buncher, 

Jyväskylä) 

Nuclear Structure 

radii, electromagnetic 

moments 

Sensitivity & accuracy 

(for light isotopes 10-10 )

Relative mass uncertainty 

Status (highlights) on High-Precision Mass 

Measurements at RIB 

10 -5 ESR-IMS 

10 -6 

10 -7 

10 -8 

10 -9 

10 -10 

10 0 

TITAN 

LEBIT 

10 2 

CPT 

JYFLTRAP 

10 4 

ESR-SMS 

SHIPTRAP 

δQ/Q=1.99×10 -9 

(T 1/2=193 ms) at JYFLTRAP 

10 6 

Half life (ms) 

Storage rings 

Revolution frequency 

Perimeter of 106 m 

10 8 

ISOLTRAP 

Penning traps 

Cyclotron frequency 

Perimeter of 10 cm 

10 10 

Highly- 

Charged 

Ions 

Singly- 

Doubly 

Charged 

Ions 

TRIGA-TRAP 

CARIBU 

MLL-TRAP 

HITRAP 

M. Block et al., Nature 463, 785 (2010); D. Neidher et al., Phys. Rev. Lett. 102, 112502 (2009); S. Rahaman et 

al., Phys. Rev. Lett. 103, 042501 (2009); M. Block et al., Phys. Rev. Lett. 100, 132501 (2008); M. Smith et al., 

Phys. Rev. Lett. 101, 202501 (2008) 


Improving accuracy and accessibility using Penning 

traps at RIB 

Relative mass uncertainty 

10 1990 1994 

-5 

1987 

10 -6 

10 -7 

10 -8 

10 -9 

10 -10 

1988 

1992 

ISOLTRAP 

1997 

1999 

2001 

RFQ 

ISOLTRAP data 

Talks by A. Herlert, M. Redshaw 

2002-2005 

Gas 

catchers 

2007 

Ramsey 

technique 

2001 

2001-2002 

2004 2005 2006 2007 

Carbon 

Octupole 

Cluster 

excitation 

(LEBIT, 

SHIPTRAP) 

LEBIT 

2008 2009 

TITAN 

JYFLTRAP, CPT, SHIPTRAP 

Year of publication 

CARIBU 

TRIGATRAP 

2010 

Use of HCI for 

mass 

measurements 

at TITAN 

(talk by M. 

Brodeur). 

Commissioning 

at HITRAP 

(talk by F. 

Herfurth). 

Construction 

PENTATRAP 

(talk by S. 

Eliseev, poster 

by J. Repp) 

FT-ICR with 

single ion 

investigated 

at TRIGATRAP, 

SHIPTRAP 

(talk by S. 

Nagy) 

Cryogenic 

RFQ (LEBIT) 

Cryogenic 

Gas catcher 

(ANL,KVI,GSI, 

SHIPTRAP) 

Further improvements are going on, but still more powerful accelerators are needed 


On-line Techniques for Optical Isotope Shift and 

Hyperfine Structure measurements 

RADOP 

Gas Cell LIF 

Collinear Laser Spectroscopy 

Pulsed RIS & RIMS 

MOT 

cw RIMS 

Paul Trap 

1970 1980 1990 2000 2010 

Year 

RADOP = Radiation Detected optical Pumping 

LIF = Laser Induced Fluorescence 

RI(M)S = Resonance Ionization (Mass) Spectroscopy 

MOT = Magneto Optical Trap 

cw RIMS = Continuous-Wave Resonance Ionization Mass Spectroscopy 


LaSpec 

Optional 

Further improvements are going on, but still more powerful accelerators are needed

The FAIR accelerator complex 

NUSTAR 

Nuclear 

Structure & 

Astrophysics 

with rare isotope 

beams, x10000 

UNILAC 

proton 

linac 

SIS18 

HESR 

CR 

RESR 

ER 

SIS300 

NESR 

SIS100 

RIB target 

Super-FRS 

pbar target 

FLAIR 


Rare isotopes at FAIR 

Z 

48 Ni 

35/h 

100 Sn 

7 atoms in 280 h 

2/s 

78 Ni 

3 atoms in 130 h 

8/s 

N 

Laser spectroscopy measurements 

http://www.gsi.de/forschung/ap/projects/laser/survey.html 

r-process 

10 10 /s 

10 8 /s 

10 6 /s 

10 3 /s 

10 0 /s 

10 -3 /s 

10 -6 /s 

132 Sn 

10 8 /s 

Yields calculated by K.-H. Schmidt 


Complementarity of MATS with other Penning trap 

systems at RIB facilities 

Type of 

Reacion 

ISOL 

Fusion 

IGISOL 

Fragm. 

Neutron 

induced 

fission 

Spontan 

eous 

fission 

HCI 

ISOL 

TRAP 

X 

CPT 

X 

SHIP 

TRAP 

X 

JYFL 

TRAP 

X 

LEBIT 

X 

TITAN 

X 

X 

TRIGA 

TRAP 

X 

CARIBU 

X 

HI 

TRAP 

X 

X 

MLL 

TRAP 


X 

MATS 

X 

X

Complementarity of LaSpec with collinear laser 

spectroscopy setups at other RIB facilities 

Type of 

Reacion 

ISOL 

IGISOL 

Fragm. 

Photo-induced 

fission 

Spontaneous 

fission 

Neutron induced 

fussion 

COLLAPS 

X 

JYFL 

X 

TRIUMF 

X 

RIKEN 

X 

MSU 

X 

TRIGA 

SPEC 

X 

CARIBU 

X 

LUMIERE 

X 

ALTO 


X 

LaSpec 

X

Layout of the facility (TDR) 

Dipole magnet 

RFQ buncher 

MR-TOF-MS 

LaSpec setup 

MATS setup/EBIT 

Spectroscopy setup 

Gas catcher 


Layout of the TRIGA-Spec experiment 


Sequence for MATS 

Gas 

catcher 

RFQ 

buncher 

MR-TOF- 

MS 

EBIT 

Measurement 

Penning 

trap 

Preparation 

Penning 

trap 

Detector 

trap 


Cryogenic gas cell (KVI, GSI, JYFL, UG, LMU) 

1. High efficiency: 5-50% 

2. Extraction time: 10-100 ms 

3. High intensity: 5×10 11 ions 

per spill 

4. High gas pressure: up to 1 

bar 

5. High DC fields 

(Courtesy of P. Dendooven) 

design 

value 

goal 

A proposal for an experiment 

at the FRS has been submitted 

to the GSI-PAC. 


RFQ-cooler and buncher (JYFL) 

1. Low emittance ~ 6π mm 

mrad 

2. Low energy spread for 

MATS, and for LaSpec ∆E< 

1 eV. ∆t~3 µs for 2 keV. 

3. High efficiency 

4. High-voltage stability (at 

least 10 -5 for LaSpec) 

5. High-voltage accuracy (at 

least 10 -4 ) 

•It improves sensitivity when 

used for collinear laser 

spectroscopy 

A. Nieminen et al., Phys. Rev. Lett. 88, 

094801 (2002). 

•It will allow optical manipulation 

P. Campbell, Hyp. Int. 171 (2006) 143. 

B.Cheal et al., PRL 102, 222501 (2009) 

Valve 

76 Ga at 417.3 nm, 4p 2 P3/2 → 5s 2 S 1/2 

(Courtesy of I. Moore) 


EBIT (MPIK) 

1. High electron current up to 2000 mA. 

2. High ion densities: 10 6 to 10 10 

ions/cm 3 

Fraction of ions in charge state 


1.0 

0.8 

0.6 

0.4 

0.2 

0.0 

10 -4 

Ne-like Fe 16+ 

10 -3 

10 -2 

Charge breeding time (s) 

He-like Fe 24+ 

6 keV, 2 A electron beam. Current density 

1400 A/cm2 , background pressure 10-10 mbar 

(H2), ion temperature 300 eV. The calculation 

includes radiative recombination and charge 

exchange. 

(Courtesy of J.R. Crespo) 

10 -1

The Penning trap system 

The preparation Penning trap (UGR, MPIK) 

1. Cryogenic environment and UHV. 

2. Appropriate cooling mechanism. It must be 

fast and universal (talk by V. Simon and F. 

Herfurth). 

3. Trap configuration allowing for confinement 

of HCI or singly charged ions. 

4. Non-destructive ion detection for diagnosis 

and re-use of ion species. Broad-band 

mass identification (SWIFT). 

Talk by M. Ubieto Díaz 

•It should be combined with a detector trap->LMU 

32 mm 

25 mm 

Stahl Electronics 

The measurement Penning trap (GSI) 

5. FT-ICR for single ion sensitivity 

C. Weber PhD Thesis 

R. Ferrer, PhD Thesis 

Talk by S. Nagy 


Status and perspectives 

• FAIR will offer unique opportunities with RIB. 

• MATS & LaSpec will incorporate the most advanced technical developments 

on ion traps, lasers and beam preparation. 

• The Technical Design Report has been submitted for evaluation in October 

2009. 

• Several groups have received funding to start the construction of the different 

components. 

• A large number of laser and Penning trap setups at different European 

institutions and RIB facilities can be used for developing very advanced 

components (MPI-K, JYFL, ISOLDE, KVI, GSI, TRIGA, SPIRAL2...) 

• The system should be tested and ready before FAIR is in operation. 

• Unfortunately, the modularized version of FAIR does not include in the first stage 

the low energy beam line where MATS & LaSpec will be placed. An alternative 

solution to place MATS & LaSpec at the end of the high-energy beam line has 

been offered. 


Acknowledgement 

• Many thanks: 

• to Klaus Blaum and Wilfried Nörtershäuser for their support as well as 

the people who contributed to the Technical Design Report and the 

MATS and LaSpec collaborations. 

• to Wilfried Nörtershäuser, Peter Dendooven, Iain Moore, 

Thomas Beier and H.-Jürgen Kluge for their valuable help for this 

presentation. 

• and to Gerrit Marx, Wolfgang R. Plass, Peter Thirolf, and Dimitry 

Nesterenko, for the material they provided (which unfortunately I did not 

have time to show).

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