- Page 2: In Praise of Foundations of Analog
- Page 8: about the authors Anant Agarwal is
- Page 12: Publisher: Denise E. M. Penrose Pub
- Page 20: x CONTENTS 2.3.4 Voltage and Curren
- Page 24: xii CONTENTS chapter 8 The Small-Si
- Page 28: xiv CONTENTS WWW 12.4 Undriven, Par
- Page 32: xvi CONTENTS 15.4.2 Input Resistanc
- Page 38: preface APPROACH This book is desig
- Page 42: ◮ Various properties of devices,
- Page 46: COURSE ORGANIZATION The sequence of
- Page 50: chapter 1 1.1 THE POWER OF ABSTRACT
- Page 56: 4 CHAPTER ONE the circuit abstracti
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30 CHAPTER ONE the circuit abstract
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32 CHAPTER ONE the circuit abstract
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34 CHAPTER ONE the circuit abstract
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38 CHAPTER ONE the circuit abstract
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40 CHAPTER ONE the circuit abstract
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42 CHAPTER ONE the circuit abstract
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44 CHAPTER ONE the circuit abstract
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46 CHAPTER ONE the circuit abstract
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48 CHAPTER ONE the circuit abstract
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50 CHAPTER ONE the circuit abstract
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esistive networks 2 A simple electr
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Elements A B DA Distributed node Id
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. . . i 1 i 1 i 2 i 2 2.2 Kirchhoff
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Arbitrary Circuit i 1 = 3Acos(ωt)
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vM-1 + v 1 + difference between the
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KVL to the four loops yields - v 1
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+ v 1 - #1 + v2 - + 2 V - #2 #3 #4
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and voltage in the case of a resist
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Finally, following Step 4, we combi
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intuition, it is likely to be much
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energy dissipated by the resistor i
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The voltage-divider relationship in
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is linearly proportional to the vol
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example 2.19 voltage-divider circui
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Finally, Equations 2.76 through 2.8
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esistors in terms of the individual
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defined in Figure 2.46, the constit
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1 R1 2 V + - 4 We now have ten inde
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2.4 Intuitive Method of Circuit Ana
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and v2 = V R2(R3+R4) R2+R3+R4 R1 +
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A (a) B 2.4 Intuitive Method of Cir
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2.5 MORE CIRCUIT EXAMPLES Let us no
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WWW example 2.28 basic circuit anal
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2.6 Dependent Sources and the Contr
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I + vI - R I i I iIN + 2.6 Dependen
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2.6 Dependent Sources and the Contr
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2.6 Dependent Sources and the Contr
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2.7 A Formulation Suitable for a Co
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◮ Conservation of energy is a pow
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+ v − i i A + v A − (a) + v −
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problem 2.6 In each network in Figu
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problem 2.12 Sketch the v i charact
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network theorems 3 3.1 INTRODUCTION
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v 2 V i 1 1 + - 1.5 V a 1 Ω b i0
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a 1 V 1 V d + v4 + v1 - - - v5 + +
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. . . . . . 5 A 2 kΩ 3.3 The Node
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will directly proceed with writing
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i3 =−I. (3.16) This completes the
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determined by standard algebraic me
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KCL at the nodes defined by the nod
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which simplifies to or 5V+ 6V vO =
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which are the individual statements
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To continue the node analysis of th
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in Figure 3.25. In this case, it is
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Next, following Step 4, we solve Eq
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By simplifying Equation 3.62, we ob
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Using the conductance form of the v
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+ V1- I 1 + V -2 + - V 3 The superp
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1 V + - 2 Ω ei 2 Ω 2 Ω ev 2
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using the voltage-divider relation
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1 kΩ v 2 1 100Ω v 1 kΩ 2 2 V
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We can obtain v b2 by using KVL as
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v oc + - 3.6 Thévenin’s Theorem
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+ 2 V - 2 --- 3 Ω FIGURE 3.59 The
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The current I2 can be quickly deter
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1 V 2 Ω + a b I - a′ b′ 3.6 T
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3.6 Thévenin’s Theorem and Norto
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3.6 Thévenin’s Theorem and Norto
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2 cos(ωt) + - 1 kΩ v I = 0 v I 3
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3.6 Thévenin’s Theorem and Norto
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+ - R1 ⋅ R2 ---------------------
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3.7 SUMMARY ◮ In the node method
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1 Ω + v - 1 Ω 1 Ω 3.7 Summary
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exercise 3.17 Find the Thévenin eq
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R 1 I R 4 + R2 R3 v - R5 b) Find th
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problem 3.2 a) Prove, if possible,
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problem 3.9 In Figure 3.138, find v
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source is βI1, where β is some co
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4 analysis of nonlinear circuits Th
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4.1 Introduction to Nonlinear Eleme
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Given the analytical expression for
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Equation 4.9 but not the physical d
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When we reconnect the nonlinear dev
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Given that I = 2 A, we can solve fo
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the application of Thévenin’s Th
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flow, whereas for negative voltages
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segment of operation associated wit
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(a) (b) iD ≥ 0 (c) i D < 0 (d) To
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5 kΩ + vBI - 1mA 1 kΩ 3 kΩ 2
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∆v I = 0.001 V sin(ωt) + - VI =
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We know that the output current is
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and replacing iD by its DC value pl
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which can be interpreted as a linea
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Large signal Small signal + + vD iD
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and ID = KV 2 O = 1 mA. Next, follo
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Next, following the second step of
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4.6 SUMMARY ◮ This chapter introd
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e) Find the incremental change in t
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problem 4.1 Consider the circuit co
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c) What is the Thévenin output res
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) Another crazy device, C, with v i
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FIGURE 4.67 v i + VB - + - i N + v
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the digital abstraction 5 Value dis
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true false 0V 5V 5V 0V 2V 0V 0V 1V
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“1” Sender 5 V V H V L Valid 1
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Sender A = 0 v OUT = 0.5 V Sender A
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5.1 Voltage Levels and the Static D
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5 V 5 V “1” Valid 4.5 V 1 4 V V
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From Equation 5.5, the noise margin
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the ‘‘·’’ symbol as: Z = X
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inputs that fall within valid input
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5.4 Standard Sum-of-Products Repres
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5.5 Simplifying Logic Expressions C
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B B A B C C shown below by applying
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The following sequence of simplific
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a voltage level of 0Vtodenote a log
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= A1A0B1B0 + A1 ¯B1 ¯B0 + A1 Ā0
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A 7 S 7 B 7 C 2 A 1 S 1 B 1 One-bit
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exercise 5.2 Write a boolean expres
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exercise 5.9 Consider a family of l
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A B C D OUT2 OUT1 OUT0 0 0 0 0 0 0
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an NTL inverter operate correctly?
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chapter 6 6.1 THE SWITCH 6.2 LOGIC
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286 CHAPTER SIX the mosfet switch C
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288 CHAPTER SIX the mosfet switch F
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290 CHAPTER SIX the mosfet switch G
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292 CHAPTER SIX the mosfet switch F
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294 CHAPTER SIX the mosfet switch A
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296 CHAPTER SIX the mosfet switch F
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298 CHAPTER SIX the mosfet switch F
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300 CHAPTER SIX the mosfet switch G
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302 CHAPTER SIX the mosfet switch F
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304 CHAPTER SIX the mosfet switch F
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306 CHAPTER SIX the mosfet switch v
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308 CHAPTER SIX the mosfet switch S
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310 CHAPTER SIX the mosfet switch 4
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312 CHAPTER SIX the mosfet switch F
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314 CHAPTER SIX the mosfet switch F
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316 CHAPTER SIX the mosfet switch F
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318 CHAPTER SIX the mosfet switch F
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320 CHAPTER SIX the mosfet switch F
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322 CHAPTER SIX the mosfet switch 6
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324 CHAPTER SIX the mosfet switch A
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326 CHAPTER SIX the mosfet switch V
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chapter 7 7.1 SIGNAL AMPLIFICATION
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332 CHAPTER SEVEN the mosfet amplif
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334 CHAPTER SEVEN the mosfet amplif
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336 CHAPTER SEVEN the mosfet amplif
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338 CHAPTER SEVEN the mosfet amplif
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340 CHAPTER SEVEN the mosfet amplif
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342 CHAPTER SEVEN the mosfet amplif
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344 CHAPTER SEVEN the mosfet amplif
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346 CHAPTER SEVEN the mosfet amplif
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348 CHAPTER SEVEN the mosfet amplif
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350 CHAPTER SEVEN the mosfet amplif
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352 CHAPTER SEVEN the mosfet amplif
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354 CHAPTER SEVEN the mosfet amplif
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358 CHAPTER SEVEN the mosfet amplif
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360 CHAPTER SEVEN the mosfet amplif
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362 CHAPTER SEVEN the mosfet amplif
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364 CHAPTER SEVEN the mosfet amplif
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366 CHAPTER SEVEN the mosfet amplif
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368 CHAPTER SEVEN the mosfet amplif
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370 CHAPTER SEVEN the mosfet amplif
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372 CHAPTER SEVEN the mosfet amplif
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374 CHAPTER SEVEN the mosfet amplif
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376 CHAPTER SEVEN the mosfet amplif
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378 CHAPTER SEVEN the mosfet amplif
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380 CHAPTER SEVEN the mosfet amplif
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382 CHAPTER SEVEN the mosfet amplif
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384 CHAPTER SEVEN the mosfet amplif
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386 CHAPTER SEVEN the mosfet amplif
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388 CHAPTER SEVEN the mosfet amplif
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390 CHAPTER SEVEN the mosfet amplif
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392 CHAPTER SEVEN the mosfet amplif
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394 CHAPTER SEVEN the mosfet amplif
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396 CHAPTER SEVEN the mosfet amplif
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398 CHAPTER SEVEN the mosfet amplif
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400 CHAPTER SEVEN the mosfet amplif
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402 CHAPTER SEVEN the mosfet amplif
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the small-signal model 8 8.1 OVERVI
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v i V I + - + - v O V S V T V S R L
- Page 866:
Our goal is to use the Taylor serie
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From Equation 8.1 we know that 8.2
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A systematic procedure for finding
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4. Complete the small-signal analys
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example 8.1 a mosfet with its gate
- Page 886:
The output operating current ID is
- Page 890:
|Gain| 20 10 V T = 1 V sense, since
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suppose the first stage is biased a
- Page 898:
v i = 0 i d = K(V I - V T )v i = 0
- Page 902:
Equation 8.35, we get an expression
- Page 906:
We can now derive the change in the
- Page 910:
where AD is called the difference-m
- Page 914:
+ v x - R L gm ----- ⋅ v 2 d v s
- Page 918:
From the Thévenin equivalent circu
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+ - vgs i ds = g m v gs i s When gm
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the BJT operates in its active regi
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linearized equivalents, and in whic
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Dividing throughout by i test and s
- Page 938:
where the large-signal bias conditi
- Page 942:
8.3 SUMMARY ◮ This chapter expand
- Page 946:
) Assuming we desire to use voltage
- Page 950:
f) Again assume that VT = 1V,K = 2
- Page 954:
e) Determine the small-signal outpu
- Page 958:
chapter 9 9.1 CONSTITUTIVE LAWS 9.2
- Page 964:
458 CHAPTER NINE energy storage ele
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460 CHAPTER NINE energy storage ele
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462 CHAPTER NINE energy storage ele
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464 CHAPTER NINE energy storage ele
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466 CHAPTER NINE energy storage ele
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468 CHAPTER NINE energy storage ele
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470 CHAPTER NINE energy storage ele
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472 CHAPTER NINE energy storage ele
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474 CHAPTER NINE energy storage ele
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476 CHAPTER NINE energy storage ele
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478 CHAPTER NINE energy storage ele
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480 CHAPTER NINE energy storage ele
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482 CHAPTER NINE energy storage ele
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484 CHAPTER NINE energy storage ele
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486 CHAPTER NINE energy storage ele
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488 CHAPTER NINE energy storage ele
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490 CHAPTER NINE energy storage ele
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492 CHAPTER NINE energy storage ele
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494 CHAPTER NINE energy storage ele
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496 CHAPTER NINE energy storage ele
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498 CHAPTER NINE energy storage ele
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chapter 10 10.1 ANALYSIS OF RC CIRC
- Page 1056:
504 CHAPTER TEN first-order transie
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506 CHAPTER TEN first-order transie
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508 CHAPTER TEN first-order transie
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510 CHAPTER TEN first-order transie
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512 CHAPTER TEN first-order transie
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514 CHAPTER TEN first-order transie
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516 CHAPTER TEN first-order transie
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518 CHAPTER TEN first-order transie
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520 CHAPTER TEN first-order transie
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522 CHAPTER TEN first-order transie
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524 CHAPTER TEN first-order transie
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526 CHAPTER TEN first-order transie
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528 CHAPTER TEN first-order transie
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530 CHAPTER TEN first-order transie
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532 CHAPTER TEN first-order transie
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534 CHAPTER TEN first-order transie
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536 CHAPTER TEN first-order transie
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538 CHAPTER TEN first-order transie
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540 CHAPTER TEN first-order transie
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542 CHAPTER TEN first-order transie
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544 CHAPTER TEN first-order transie
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546 CHAPTER TEN first-order transie
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548 CHAPTER TEN first-order transie
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550 CHAPTER TEN first-order transie
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552 CHAPTER TEN first-order transie
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554 CHAPTER TEN first-order transie
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556 CHAPTER TEN first-order transie
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558 CHAPTER TEN first-order transie
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560 CHAPTER TEN first-order transie
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562 CHAPTER TEN first-order transie
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564 CHAPTER TEN first-order transie
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566 CHAPTER TEN first-order transie
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568 CHAPTER TEN first-order transie
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570 CHAPTER TEN first-order transie
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572 CHAPTER TEN first-order transie
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574 CHAPTER TEN first-order transie
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576 CHAPTER TEN first-order transie
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578 CHAPTER TEN first-order transie
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580 CHAPTER TEN first-order transie
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582 CHAPTER TEN first-order transie
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584 CHAPTER TEN first-order transie
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586 CHAPTER TEN first-order transie
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588 CHAPTER TEN first-order transie
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590 CHAPTER TEN first-order transie
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592 CHAPTER TEN first-order transie
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11 energy and power in digital circ
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What is the amount of energy stored
- Page 1246:
+ V - R 1 v C FIGURE 11.3 Equivalen
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Separating the terms containing a T
- Page 1254:
11.2.3 TOTAL ENERGY DISSIPATED Comb
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11.3 Power Dissipation in Logic Gat
- Page 1262:
transitions from low to high): vC =
- Page 1266:
Simplifying and rearranging, we get
- Page 1270:
11.4 NMOS LOGIC The pullup device t
- Page 1274:
v IN T/2 FIGURE 11.19 CMOS inverter
- Page 1278:
v IN i T interval (for example, whe
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11.5 CMOS Logic CHAPTER ELEVEN 617
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c) Determine the static power and t
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e) What is the amount of energy con
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chapter 12 12.1 UNDRIVEN LC CIRCUIT
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626 CHAPTER TWELVE transients in se
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628 CHAPTER TWELVE transients in se
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630 CHAPTER TWELVE transients in se
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632 CHAPTER TWELVE transients in se
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634 CHAPTER TWELVE transients in se
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636 CHAPTER TWELVE transients in se
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638 CHAPTER TWELVE transients in se
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640 CHAPTER TWELVE transients in se
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642 CHAPTER TWELVE transients in se
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644 CHAPTER TWELVE transients in se
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646 CHAPTER TWELVE transients in se
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648 CHAPTER TWELVE transients in se
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650 CHAPTER TWELVE transients in se
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652 CHAPTER TWELVE transients in se
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654 CHAPTER TWELVE transients in se
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656 CHAPTER TWELVE transients in se
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658 CHAPTER TWELVE transients in se
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660 CHAPTER TWELVE transients in se
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662 CHAPTER TWELVE transients in se
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664 CHAPTER TWELVE transients in se
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666 CHAPTER TWELVE transients in se
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668 CHAPTER TWELVE transients in se
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670 CHAPTER TWELVE transients in se
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672 CHAPTER TWELVE transients in se
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674 CHAPTER TWELVE transients in se
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678 CHAPTER TWELVE transients in se
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680 CHAPTER TWELVE transients in se
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682 CHAPTER TWELVE transients in se
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684 CHAPTER TWELVE transients in se
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686 CHAPTER TWELVE transients in se
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688 CHAPTER TWELVE transients in se
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690 CHAPTER TWELVE transients in se
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692 CHAPTER TWELVE transients in se
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694 CHAPTER TWELVE transients in se
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696 CHAPTER TWELVE transients in se
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698 CHAPTER TWELVE transients in se
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chapter 13 13.1 INTRODUCTION 13.2 A
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704 CHAPTER THIRTEEN sinusoidal ste
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706 CHAPTER THIRTEEN sinusoidal ste
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708 CHAPTER THIRTEEN sinusoidal ste
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710 CHAPTER THIRTEEN sinusoidal ste
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712 CHAPTER THIRTEEN sinusoidal ste
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714 CHAPTER THIRTEEN sinusoidal ste
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716 CHAPTER THIRTEEN sinusoidal ste
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718 CHAPTER THIRTEEN sinusoidal ste
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720 CHAPTER THIRTEEN sinusoidal ste
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722 CHAPTER THIRTEEN sinusoidal ste
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724 CHAPTER THIRTEEN sinusoidal ste
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726 CHAPTER THIRTEEN sinusoidal ste
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728 CHAPTER THIRTEEN sinusoidal ste
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730 CHAPTER THIRTEEN sinusoidal ste
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732 CHAPTER THIRTEEN sinusoidal ste
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734 CHAPTER THIRTEEN sinusoidal ste
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736 CHAPTER THIRTEEN sinusoidal ste
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738 CHAPTER THIRTEEN sinusoidal ste
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740 CHAPTER THIRTEEN sinusoidal ste
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742 CHAPTER THIRTEEN sinusoidal ste
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744 CHAPTER THIRTEEN sinusoidal ste
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746 CHAPTER THIRTEEN sinusoidal ste
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748 CHAPTER THIRTEEN sinusoidal ste
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750 CHAPTER THIRTEEN sinusoidal ste
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752 CHAPTER THIRTEEN sinusoidal ste
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754 CHAPTER THIRTEEN sinusoidal ste
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756 CHAPTER THIRTEEN sinusoidal ste
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758 CHAPTER THIRTEEN sinusoidal ste
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760 CHAPTER THIRTEEN sinusoidal ste
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762 CHAPTER THIRTEEN sinusoidal ste
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764 CHAPTER THIRTEEN sinusoidal ste
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766 CHAPTER THIRTEEN sinusoidal ste
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768 CHAPTER THIRTEEN sinusoidal ste
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770 CHAPTER THIRTEEN sinusoidal ste
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772 CHAPTER THIRTEEN sinusoidal ste
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774 CHAPTER THIRTEEN sinusoidal ste
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sinusoidal steady state: resonance
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Assuming a homogeneous solution of
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14.1 Parallel RLC, Sinusoidal Respo
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Amplitude of v(t) (V) Amplitude of
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|H| 10 1 10 0 10 -1 10 -2 R = 4 14.
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14.2 Frequency Response for Resonan
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R R/10 R/100 V p ⁄ I o (Ω) 0.70
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The transfer function is given by o
- Page 1634:
14.2 Frequency Response for Resonan
- Page 1638:
14.2 Frequency Response for Resonan
- Page 1642:
R/10 R/100 V p ⁄ I o R (Ω) 0.01
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|H c | 10 7.07 1 10 0 10 -1 ω 0.70
- Page 1650:
14.3 SERIES RLC A second topology f
- Page 1654:
Multiplying the numerator and denom
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For the parameters given in Figure
- Page 1662:
|H|
- Page 1666:
s/L = s2 + 2αs + ω2 . (14.73) o W
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|H r | |H c | 10 0 10 -1 10 4 10 -2
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This tells us that the magnitude of
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|H l | 10 2 10 1 10 0 10 -1 10 -2
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V l = jωoLI = jVi ωoL 14.6 Store
- Page 1686:
14.6 Stored Energy in a Resonant Ci
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14.7 SUMMARY ◮ Resonant systems a
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◮ Other equivalent definitions fo
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v I (t) + - FIGURE 14.47 i I (t) i
- Page 1702:
i(t) R FIGURE 14.55 L C + - v(t) 14
- Page 1706:
) Now suppose that vS = VS cos(ωt)
- Page 1710:
i S (t) + - + C - v C L R = 100 Ω
- Page 1714:
c) The customer is now very happy.
- Page 1718:
chapter 15 15.1 INTRODUCTION 15.2 D
- Page 1724:
838 CHAPTER FIFTEEN the operational
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840 CHAPTER FIFTEEN the operational
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842 CHAPTER FIFTEEN the operational
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844 CHAPTER FIFTEEN the operational
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846 CHAPTER FIFTEEN the operational
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848 CHAPTER FIFTEEN the operational
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850 CHAPTER FIFTEEN the operational
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854 CHAPTER FIFTEEN the operational
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880 CHAPTER FIFTEEN the operational
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886 CHAPTER FIFTEEN the operational
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888 CHAPTER FIFTEEN the operational
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890 CHAPTER FIFTEEN the operational
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894 CHAPTER FIFTEEN the operational
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896 CHAPTER FIFTEEN the operational
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898 CHAPTER FIFTEEN the operational
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900 CHAPTER FIFTEEN the operational
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902 CHAPTER FIFTEEN the operational
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diodes 16 16.1 INTRODUCTION The dio
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10 pA i D v D 16.2 Semiconductor Di
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where the diode current iD is zero
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+ - (a) Circuit 0.6 V + - Rd R + v
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16.4 Nonlinear Analysis with RL and
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16.4 Nonlinear Analysis with RL and
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+10 0 -10 v i (V) Hence the circuit
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16.6 SUMMARY ◮ The following is a
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problem 16.1 For the two circuits s
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voltages 10 V 0 -10 V Diode ON Diod
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appendix a maxwell’s equations an
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The preceding equation says that in
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x y S x S y Closed surface envelopi
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the point-mass simplification, in w
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d + V - + v 3 - a +v1- b c +v 4 - F
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A.3 Deriving the Resistance of a Pi
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appendix b trigonometric functions
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B.4 PRODUCTS cos(θ1) cos(θ2) = 1
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appendix c C.1 MAGNITUDE AND PHASE
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948 APPENDIX C complex numbers C.2
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950 APPENDIX C complex numbers For
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952 APPENDIX C complex numbers Here
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appendix d
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958 APPENDIX D solving simultaneous
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960 answers to selected problems Ex
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962 answers to selected problems Pr
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964 answers to selected problems ch
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966 answers to selected problems Pr
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968 answers to selected problems Ex
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figure acknowledgements Figure 1.18
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974 INDEX Cartesian-to-polar coordi
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976 INDEX energy storage elements,
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978 INDEX lightbulb circuit, 5 8 Li
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980 INDEX OR function, 257, 261 OR
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982 INDEX Siemens, 31, 48 signal cl
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984 INDEX under-compensation, 753 7