Springer, Encyclopedic Reference Of Cancer (2001) Ocr 7.0 Lotb.pdf

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X List of Contributors Danilkovitch-Miagkova, Alla Laboratory of Immunobiology, NCI-FCRDC, Building 560, Rm 12±46, Fort Detrick, Frederick, MD 21702, USA Danks, Mary K. St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN USA de Alava, Enrique Departamento de AnatomõÂa PatoloÂgica, ClõÂnica Universitaria de Navarra, Apartado 4209, 31080 Pamplona, Spain Decker, Jochen Bioscientia Institute, Konrad Adenauer Str. 17, 55218 Ingelheim, Germany Dennler, Sylviane Division of Cellular Biochemistry (H3) The Netherlands Cancer Institute, Plesmanlaan 121, 1066 CX Amsterdam, The Netherlands Der, Channing J. Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, CB# 7295, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, 102 Mason Farm Road, Chapel Hill, NC 27599±7295, USA Devilee, Peter Department of Human & Clinical Genetics, Leiden University Medical Center, Wassenaarseweg 72, 2333 Al Leiden, The Netherlands Di Fiore, Pier Paolo Department of Experimental Oncology, European Institute of Oncology, Milan, Italy Di Luca, Dario Department of Experimental and Diagnostic Medicine, Section of Microbiology, University of Ferrara, Via Borsari 46, 44100 Ferrara, Italy Digweed, Martin Institute of Human Genetics, ChariteÂ, Humboldt UniversitaÈt zu Berlin, Campus Virchow Klinikum, Augustenburger Platz 1, 13353 Berlin, Germany Dittmer, JuÈrgen Department of Molecular Biology, Institute of Cell Biology, University of TuÈbingen, Auf der Morgenstelle 15, 72076 TuÈbingen, Germany Dragani, Tommaso A. Research Unit Polygenic Inheritance, Istituto Nazionale Tumori, Via G. Venezian 1, 20133 Milan, Italy DuBois, Raymond N. Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University, Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA Emi, Mitsuru Department of Molecular Biology, Institute of Gerontology, Nippon Medical School, 1±396, Kosugi-cho, Nakahara-ku, Kawasaki 211±0063, and Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Nippon Medical School, 1±1-5, Sendagi, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113±0022, Japan Fan, Saijun Long Island Jewish Medical Center, and Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York, NY, USA Farrar, William L. Cytokine Molecular Mechanisms Section, National Cancer Institute, P.O.Box B, Bldg.560, Rm.31±68, Frederick, MD21702, USA
List of Contributors Feinberg, Andrew P. Institute of Genetic Medicine, John Hopkins University School of Medicine, 1064 Ross, Johns Hopkins Medical School, 720 Rutland Ave. Baltimore, MD 21205, USA Finley, Daniel Department of Cell Biology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA Fletcher, Jonathan Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA Fodde, Riccardo Department of Human and Clinical Genetics, Leiden University Medical Center, Wassenaarseweg 72, PO Box 9503, 2300 RA Leiden, The Netherlands Foon, Kenneth A. The Barrett Cancer Center, University of Cincinatti, 234 Goodman St., Suite 1091 45267±0502 Cincinatti, OH USA Forni, Guido Dipartimento di Scienze Clin. e Biologiche Ospedale San Luigi Gonzaga, 10043 Orbassano, Italy Frei III, Emil Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA, USA Friedberg, Errol C. Department of Pathology, University of Texas, Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390±9072, USA Frisch, Steven M. The Burnham Institute, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA FruÈhwald, Michael C. Division of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, The Ohio State University and the Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbus, OH 43210, USA Fujimoto, Jiro Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Gifu University School of Medicine, 40 Tsukasa-machi, Gifu City 500±8705, Japan Furge, Kyle Van Andel Research Institute, 333 Bostwick, NE, Grand Rapids, MI 49503, USA Gallie, Brenda University of Toronto, Head Cancer Informatics, Ontario Cancer Institute/Princess Margaret Hospital, University Health Network, RM 8±415, 610 University Avenue, Toronto M5G 2M9, Canada Garcia, Roy Molecular Oncology Program, H.Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, 12902 Magnolia Drive, MRC 4042, Tampa, FL 33612±9416, USA Garrod, David School of Biological Sciences, University of Manchester, 3.239, Stopford Building, Oxford Road, Manchester M13 9PT, UK Geisler, Christian The Leukemia and Lymphoma Marker Laboratory, The Department of Hematology 4041, The Finsen Centre, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark XI
Page 3 and 4: Encyclopedic Reference of Cancer
Page 5 and 6: Manfred Schwab (Ed.) Encyclopedic R
Page 7 and 8: Preface Cancer, although a dreadful
Page 9 and 10: List of Contributors Abate-Shen, Co
Page 11: List of Contributors Capobianco, An
Page 15 and 16: List of Contributors Gullick, Bill
Page 17 and 18: List of Contributors Kimchi, Adi We
Page 19 and 20: List of Contributors Morton, Cynthi
Page 21 and 22: List of Contributors Pritchard-Jone
Page 23 and 24: List of Contributors Soussi, Thierr
Page 25 and 26: List of Contributors XXIII Wicking,
Page 27 and 28: 2 AAV are necessary and sufficient
Page 29 and 30: 4 AAV process requires the large Re
Page 31 and 32: 6 ABC Transporter els. So far, the
Page 33 and 34: 8 Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia Acut
Page 35 and 36: 10 Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia Acu
Page 37 and 38: 12 Acute Promyelocytic Leukemia (AP
Page 39 and 40: 14 Acute Vascular Rejection RARa in
Page 41 and 42: 16 Adducts to DNA Adducts. Fig. 2
Page 43 and 44: 18 Adducts to DNA act with DNA to y
Page 45 and 46: 20 Adenovirus mately 36 kilobases (
Page 47 and 48: 22 Adenovirus in animals, others, f
Page 49 and 50: 24 Adherens Junctions Adherens Junc
Page 51 and 52: 26 Adhesion Adhesion. Table ± Adhe
Page 53 and 54: 28 Adhesion multistage skin carcino
Page 55 and 56: 30 Adhesion Molecules that tumor ce
Page 57 and 58: 32 Adoptive Immunotherapy ered to b
Page 59 and 60: 34 Adrenal Medulla their native for
Page 61 and 62: 36 AKT Signal Transduction Pathway
Page 63 and 64:
38 Aldehyde Dehydrogenase Aldehyde
Page 65 and 66:
40 Alu Family Alu Elements. Fig. ±
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42 AML-1/ETO/CBFb/TEL in Chromosoma
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44 Amplified Amplification. Fig. ±
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46 Aneuploidy Characteristics Chrom
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48 Aneuploidy from these tumors act
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50 Aneuploidy chromosomal instabili
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52 Angiogenesis hibitors. It occurs
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54 Anoikis * transformation by onco
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56 Antigen Processing Antigen Proce
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58 Antisense DNA Therapy Delivery,
Page 85 and 86:
60 Antisense Nucleic Acid 3. Leonet
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62 AP-1 AP-1. Fig. 1 ± Structural
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64 AP-1 hanced transactivation, hyp
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66 AP-1 AP-1. Table ± AP-1 functio
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68 AP2 AP2 Definition AP2 is a hete
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70 APC/b-Catenin Pathway APC gene i
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72 APC/b-Catenin Pathway gested to
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74 Apoptosis Definition Apoptosis i
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76 Apoptosis Exaggeration of apopto
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78 ASCO ASCO Definition American So
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80 ATM Protein of differentiation.
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82 Atonal Family ma) clearly shows
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84 Autophagosome Autophagosome Defi
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BAC Definition Bacterial artificial
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Micronodular, infiltrative and morp
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metastases. There is a greater risk
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B-cell Tumours Christian Ottensmeie
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of the tumour cell. Fig. 1 shows ke
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the clonal fingerprint of the tumou
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lular membranes. The main function
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p53-induced growth arrest and apopt
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segment, and between the Jk and Ck
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some of which have been reported by
Page 132 and 133:
Molecular features of BCR-ABL1 reco
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irradiation. Recent findings sugges
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diagnosis to an aggressive and term
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lation of IGF2/H19. These latter ca
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ease is caused by mutation of the m
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Common genetic pathways When review
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BHLH Definition Basic helix-loop-he
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dicators of exposure. Also, a funct
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syndrome is associated with a predi
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Clinical presentation Bladder cance
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ium bovis, which stimulates a local
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Blast Crisis Christine Morris Chris
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Brain Tumors Akio Mantani, Mark A.
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dence in middle age. Meningiomas ma
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lative risk to develop breast cance
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BRCA1 and BRCA2 have been demonstra
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References 1. Devilee P (1999) BRCA
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women whose tumours express the est
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* First, murine cells in which the
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It is also unclear if the prognosis
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C. elegans Definition ! Caenorhabdi
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skeletal muscle are upregulated in
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* recessive mutations in ! tumor su
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antigens designed to increase the i
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able tumor cells into culture mediu
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Conclusion There exist several prom
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Carcinogen Macromolecular Adducts.
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sured at any point in time, reflect
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combinant DNA technology made it po
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3. Guengerich FP, Shimada T (1991)
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such as many other genes, are often
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Caspase 10 Definition Caspases 10 i
Page 196 and 197:
CD20 Definition CD20 is a membrane-
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6. Lesley J, Hyman R, English N, Ca
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disposition gene, encodes the cycli
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milial melanoma and the frequency o
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carcinogens. In contrast to wildtyp
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CDNA Definition cDNA is single-stra
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a b Cell Adhesion Molecules Cell Ad
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terestingly, integrins may be prese
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cule E-cadherin would actually prom
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components can be a target for gene
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Other interesting targets for thera
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Smoking appears to increase the inc
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would be detrimental to the cell, a
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motherapy strongly indicate that on
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Conclusions. With a marked increase
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19-9 (CA 19-9) level (although not
Page 228 and 229:
tion (CALI). CALI uses targeted las
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Conclusions CALI is a means for the
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the chromosome to be spanned. Walki
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analogues may make subsequent autol
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Class Switching Definition Class sw
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Colon Cancer Gabriela Moeslein Klin
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an entire resection of the segment,
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Colon Cancer. Table 2 ± TNM-stagin
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6. Hardcastle JD, Chamberlain JO, R
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Constitutive Heterochromatin Defini
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is not part of the classic BRR phen
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Clinical aspects PTEN is mutated in
Page 252 and 253:
COX-2 Definition Cyclooxygenase-2 (
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methylation in some tumors is restr
Page 256 and 257:
CT Scan Definition A computerized t
Page 258 and 259:
cyclin D1 may contribute to resista
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Cyclooxygenase-2 in Colorectal Canc
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Cytokine Definition A cytokine is a
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Damage Response Definition ! Stress
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expression also display deletions,
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tion when present in multimeric for
Page 270 and 271:
Desmoplastic Medulloblastoma Defini
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keratin and E-cadherin staining, an
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human probably possesses between 10
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prostate and breast, although a die
Page 278 and 279:
DNA Interstrand Cross-links Definit
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Common to all of them is a characte
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plex, a fact that emphasizes its ro
Page 284:
Drug Metabolism Definition ! Detoxi
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262 E2F E2F. Fig. 1 ± Control of E
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264 Early Detection Early Detection
Page 291 and 292:
266 Early Genes of Human Papillomav
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Page 295 and 296:
Page 297 and 298:
272 Early Virus Genes dual activity
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274 E-box E-box. Table 1 ± Genes t
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276 EBV E-box. Fig. ± Shown is an
Page 303 and 304:
278 E-cadherin E-cadherin. Fig. 1
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280 E-cadherin Bioactivity A multit
Page 307 and 308:
282 EFT EFT Synonyms * Ewing tumor
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284 Electromagnetic Fields and Canc
Page 311 and 312:
286 Elongin BC Complex box and maxi
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288 End Labeling End Labeling Defin
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290 Endocytosis receptor, the ligan
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292 Endometriosis Endometriosis Def
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294 Epidemiology of Cancer cer. In
Page 321 and 322:
296 EPR-1 EPR-1 Definition ! Effect
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298 Epstein-Barr Virus Epstein-Barr
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300 ERBA2 Qp, to that used in laten
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302 Erythropoietin Definition Eryth
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304 ESF ESF Definition ! Erythropoi
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306 Estrogen Receptor 1 Estrogen Re
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308 Estrogenic Hormones and Cancer
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310 ETS Transcription Factors ETS T
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312 ETV6 References 1. Dittmer J, N
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314 EWS Besides the EWS-Ets gene re
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316 EWS-FLI (ets) Fusion Transcript
Page 343 and 344:
318 Exons Exons Definition Exons ar
Page 346 and 347:
FADD Definition Fas-associating pro
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cessive mode of inheritance. This m
Page 350 and 351:
The genes The 4 known FA genes have
Page 352 and 353:
chromatin. On the other hand, in th
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FHIT Kay Huebner Kimmel Cancer Inst
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Fhit LOH Fhit deletion other loci a
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expression is affected by oncogenic
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detected as spots in the interstiti
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escence microscopy. FITC excitation
Page 364 and 365:
scopy alone was 6.3 for intraepithe
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FOS Synonyms * c-Fos Definition Fos
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The FRA3B site lies within the larg
Page 371 and 372:
346 Gammopathy Gammopathy Definitio
Page 373 and 374:
348 Gastrinoma Microscopically, gas
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350 GC/post-GC Type B-cell Tumors G
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352 Gene Therapy hicles employ comp
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354 Genetic Disorders Associated wi
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356 Genetic Disorders Associated wi
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358 Genetic Epidemiology the questi
Page 385 and 386:
360 Genomic Imprinting and Cancer t
Page 387 and 388:
362 Genomic Instability 4. Wolffe A
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364 G 2/M Checkpoint G 2/M Checkpoi
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366 G 2/M Transition abundant ! G 2
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368 G-proteins Definition G-protein
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370 G-proteins Functions The bc-com
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372 G-quadruplex DNA found in human
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374 Graft-versus-host Disease Graft
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376 GTPase zymes that catalyzes the
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378 GTPase-activating Protein pinge
Page 406 and 407:
H3 Definition H3 is the Rhesus monk
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cells by activating E-box dependent
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genes can be inferred from studies
Page 412 and 413:
side) and the lymphoid lineage (sho
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plasia (with or without preceeding
Page 416 and 417:
tuted to a varying extent with N- a
Page 418 and 419:
composed of 12 exons separated by 1
Page 420 and 421:
2. Hulett MD, Freeman C, Hamdorf BJ
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fibroblasts to the tumorgenic pheno
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and doxorubicin, in some studies co
Page 426 and 427:
Hepatocyte Growth Factor Receptor D
Page 428 and 429:
HER-2/neu. Table ± Reagents for HE
Page 430 and 431:
Heterotypic Adhesion Definition Het
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N-terminal tail of histones. The mo
Page 434 and 435:
logic studies, done with monoclonal
Page 436 and 437:
Hoarseness Definition Hoarseness is
Page 438 and 439:
per 100,000 population and represen
Page 440 and 441:
2. Harris NL (1999) Hodgkin's lymph
Page 442 and 443:
Misexpression of certain homeobox g
Page 444 and 445:
Homologous Chromosomes Definition H
Page 446 and 447:
of this mechanism have been retaine
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teins are particularly active durin
Page 450 and 451:
HSR Definition ! Homogeneously stai
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gressions of experimental tumors in
Page 454 and 455:
pression in more tumor cells could
Page 456 and 457:
All herpesviruses have the importan
Page 458 and 459:
the members of the RB-family. Activ
Page 460 and 461:
ineffective (cervical cancer occurs
Page 462 and 463:
2. Sugamura K & Hinuma Y. Human ret
Page 464:
* a reduced capability to transport
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442 ICH densation in chromosomes 1,
Page 469 and 470:
444 IKK1 Definition Inhibitor of j
Page 471 and 472:
446 Immunohistochemistry k light ch
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448 Immunotherapy activated in more
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450 Imprinting curs only at the cyt
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452 Inflammatory Pseudotumor the en
Page 479 and 480:
454 Inositol Lipids Inositol Lipids
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456 Insulin-like Growth Factors Ins
Page 483 and 484:
458 Insulin-like Growth Factors Ins
Page 485 and 486:
460 Integrins Integrins Definition
Page 487 and 488:
462 Interleukin-6 Clinical Relevanc
Page 489 and 490:
464 Internal Dose are not responsiv
Page 491 and 492:
466 Interphase Cytogenetics either
Page 493 and 494:
468 Invasion Invasion Definition In
Page 496 and 497:
Kaposi Sarcoma Chris Boshoff The Ca
Page 498 and 499:
to phosphorylate the retinoblastoma
Page 500 and 501:
if these are confined to a limited
Page 502 and 503:
Is KiSS1 a marker of melanoma metas
Page 504 and 505:
naling molecules, and a network of
Page 506 and 507:
proliferation but also normal devel
Page 508 and 509:
the G839K mutation was reported to
Page 510 and 511:
cental alkaline phosphatase. This i
Page 512 and 513:
Laminectomy Definition Laminectomy
Page 514 and 515:
A subgroup of laryngeal SCC has mul
Page 516 and 517:
any point in the tissue is determin
Page 518 and 519:
aries. The mouse Lats and human LAT
Page 520 and 521:
mutants, roughex (rux) and fizzy-re
Page 522 and 523:
Leimyosarcoma Definition Leimyosarc
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Type and origin of TP53 mutations I
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tic transformation is most likely t
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ments, of which there are an estima
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proliferation in the context of inf
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Liver Cirrhosis Definition Liver ci
Page 534 and 535:
When disseminated, especially lymph
Page 536:
References 1. Marra G, Boland CR (1
Page 539 and 540:
514 Macrophage-stimulating Protein
Page 541 and 542:
516 Major Histocompatibility Loci M
Page 543 and 544:
518 Malignant Lymphoma, hallmarks a
Page 545 and 546:
Page 547 and 548:
Page 549 and 550:
524 MALT Lymphoma MALT Lymphoma Def
Page 551 and 552:
526 MAP Kinase MAP kinase module to
Page 553 and 554:
528 MAP Kinase Kinase mely active a
Page 555 and 556:
530 Maternal Inheritance Maternal I
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532 Matrix Metalloproteinases cyste
Page 559 and 560:
534 Matrix Metalloproteinases Subst
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536 MCAM protein of 477 amino acids
Page 563 and 564:
538 Medulloblastoma Medulloblastoma
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540 MEKK MEKK Definition MEKK stand
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542 Melanoma Melanoma. Fig. 2 ± Fu
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544 Melanoma in Fish Pehamberger H
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546 Mesothelioma observed in other
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548 Mesothelioma Homozygous deletio
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550 MET tions in human malignant me
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552 MET MET. Fig. 2 ± The Met rece
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554 Metabolic Detoxification Metabo
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556 Metabolic Polymorphisms and Can
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558 Metastasis Characteristics At t
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560 Metastasis Suppressor Gene Meta
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562 Methylation The establishment o
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564 MHC MHC Definition Major histoc
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566 Microarray (cDNA) Technology Mi
Page 593 and 594:
568 Micrometastasis Micrometastasis
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570 Micrometastasis eral blood was
Page 597 and 598:
572 Microsatellite Instability regi
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574 Microtubules tide repeats (BAT2
Page 601 and 602:
576 Minimal Residual Disease tage o
Page 603 and 604:
578 Mismatch Repair in Genome Stabi
Page 605 and 606:
580 Mismatch Repair in Genome Stabi
Page 607 and 608:
582 Mitogen-activated Protein Kinas
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584 Mitotic Catastrophe Mitotic Cat
Page 611 and 612:
586 MKK MKK Synonyms * MAPKK * ! ME
Page 613 and 614:
588 Modifier Loci in Cancer Modifie
Page 615 and 616:
590 Modular Domains 17.Nagase H, Br
Page 617 and 618:
592 Mosaicism, somatic Mosaicism, s
Page 619 and 620:
594 Multidrug Resistance Multidrug
Page 621 and 622:
596 Multiple Endocrine Neoplasia Ty
Page 623 and 624:
598 Multiple Endocrine Neoplasia Ty
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600 Multiple Myeloma Multiple Myelo
Page 627 and 628:
602 Multistep Development cancer ce
Page 629 and 630:
604 Multistep Development and RB mu
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606 Mutator Phenotype nance of gene
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608 Mutator Phenotype crease the ov
Page 635 and 636:
610 MXI1 non-polyposis colorectal c
Page 637 and 638:
612 MYC most cases the role of thes
Page 639 and 640:
614 MYOD MYOD Definition Myoblast d
Page 641 and 642:
616 Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma (8 to
Page 643 and 644:
618 NAT improved the detection of E
Page 645 and 646:
620 Neoangiogenesis * earlier initi
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622 Neuroblastoma acic tumors. Chil
Page 649 and 650:
624 Neuroendocrine Tumors Neuroendo
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626 Neuroendocrine Tumors including
Page 653 and 654:
628 Neuroendocrine Tumors different
Page 655 and 656:
630 Neurofibromatosis 2 mation when
Page 657 and 658:
632 Neuropeptide D, Eldridge R, Aur
Page 659 and 660:
634 Nijmegen Breakage Syndrome Nijm
Page 661 and 662:
636 NM23 Metastasis Suppressor Gene
Page 663 and 664:
638 NMI References 1. Lombardi D, L
Page 665 and 666:
640 NOTCH/JAGGED Signaling in Neopl
Page 667 and 668:
642 NOTCH/JAGGED Signaling in Neopl
Page 669 and 670:
644 NPC References 1. Artavanis-Tsa
Page 671 and 672:
646 Nucleotide Excision Repair dama
Page 673 and 674:
648 NWTSG Clinical Relevance The ce
Page 675 and 676:
650 Oncogene cogene was referred to
Page 677 and 678:
652 Oncogene Transduction * translo
Page 679 and 680:
654 Ornithine Decarboxylase matrix,
Page 681 and 682:
656 Oxidative DNA Damage 5. Scully
Page 683 and 684:
658 Oxidative Stress mage to biomol
Page 685 and 686:
660 Oxygenation of Tumors distribut
Page 688 and 689:
p14ARF Definition p14ARF is a prote
Page 690 and 691:
proteins, the cyclin-dependent kina
Page 692 and 693:
y p21. Upon removal of p21, both en
Page 694 and 695:
and p73 production are still being
Page 696 and 697:
variability in both the response to
Page 698 and 699:
the bases CC ! TT, observed in skin
Page 700 and 701:
dies are of major importance. First
Page 702 and 703:
lood vessels (Fig. 1). Lymph node m
Page 704 and 705:
tively active; therefore the signal
Page 706 and 707:
and extravasation of contrast dyes
Page 708 and 709:
called islets, which are scattered
Page 710 and 711:
Papanicolaou Test Definition A Papa
Page 712 and 713:
activity is under the control of th
Page 714 and 715:
to points of contact between conflu
Page 716 and 717:
disease is equally distributed betw
Page 718 and 719:
membrane protein that carries out A
Page 720 and 721:
portant role in the blood-brain bar
Page 722 and 723:
2. Gottesman MM, Pastan I (1993) Bi
Page 724 and 725:
Phosphorylation of Proteins Definit
Page 726 and 727:
Plasminogen-related Definition Plas
Page 728 and 729:
direct effects on capillary endothe
Page 730 and 731:
POC Definition ! POMC. Point Mutati
Page 732 and 733:
and the following list is by no mea
Page 734 and 735:
In addition to the above, roles of
Page 736 and 737:
Polytene Chromosome Definition Poly
Page 738 and 739:
Primary Sclerosing Cholangitis Defi
Page 740 and 741:
trix and are inactive in this form;
Page 742 and 743:
ole in normal bladder control. Wrap
Page 744 and 745:
cificity phosphatase, E-cadherin, t
Page 746 and 747:
ants further search for concurrent
Page 748 and 749:
controversial; recent evidence from
Page 750 and 751:
gland including radical retropubic
Page 752 and 753:
References 1. Catalona WJ, Partin A
Page 754 and 755:
two cysteine-rich domains in tandem
Page 756 and 757:
elow) suggest that PKC k/i acts as
Page 758 and 759:
Proteomics Definition Proteomics is
Page 760 and 761:
intestinal tract, as well as neurol
Page 762 and 763:
forkhead has proved illuminating wi
Page 764:
PTP-BAS Definition ! PTPN13. PTP1E
Page 768 and 769:
RACE Definition 5 0 -rapid amplific
Page 770 and 771:
In humans, H-RAS, K-RAS and N-RAS a
Page 772 and 773:
RAS. Fig. 2 ± Mutational activatio
Page 774 and 775:
References 1. Barbacid, M (1987) ra
Page 776 and 777:
mulate the weak endogenous rate of
Page 778 and 779:
ducible expression differences betw
Page 780 and 781:
in the control of aggressive tumor
Page 782 and 783:
of a short extracellular a-chain th
Page 784 and 785:
Receptor Tyrosine Kinases. Table ±
Page 786 and 787:
REL Thomas D. Gilmore Biology Depar
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REL. Fig. 2 ± Activation of the Re
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Relapse Definition Relapse defines
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ain, spinal cord, eye, adrenal glan
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2. Friedberg EC, Walker GC, Siede W
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Molecular composition The replicati
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CDK activity. CDKs may also have ot
Page 800 and 801:
Identification of low level DNA amp
Page 802 and 803:
RET. Fig. 1 ± Putative structure o
Page 804 and 805:
velopment. Knockout mice of ART, PS
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5. Santoro M, Melillo RM, Carlomagn
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lele in a cell that is part of the
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plished by activation of transcript
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although the precise mechanism of a
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when stimulated by a `death ligand'
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and p130, knockout mice in Rb, p107
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Abl is under cell-cycle control, be
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such as mouse, thousands of endogen
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transcription of specific target ge
Page 824 and 825:
mitant improvements in prognosis, h
Page 826 and 827:
(BCR). BCR is the translocation par
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scription factor. NFjB regulates th
Page 830:
from animal systems, ranging from c
Page 833 and 834:
808 Scatter Factor Scatter Factor E
Page 835 and 836:
810 Scatter Factor cludes IRS-1 (in
Page 837 and 838:
812 Scatter Factor capillary-like t
Page 839 and 840:
814 Selectins lular agonist, the so
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816 Senescence and Immortalization
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818 Serine Proteinases with high se
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820 SH2/SH3 Domains * SH2 domains a
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822 Shimada System tions of these n
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824 Signal Transducers and Activato
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826 Signal Transduction geted inact
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828 Smad Proteins in TGFb Signallin
Page 855 and 856:
830 Smad Proteins in TGFb Signallin
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832 SNP zymes and cytokines. The SN
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834 Somatostatin Somatostatin. Tabl
Page 861 and 862:
836 Somatostatin Receptor Scintigra
Page 863 and 864:
838 S-phase Damage-sensing Checkpoi
Page 865 and 866:
840 S-phase Promoting Factor chroma
Page 867 and 868:
842 SRC SRC. Fig. 1 ± Structure of
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844 SRE SRE Definition The serum re
Page 871 and 872:
846 STD STD Definition Sexually tra
Page 873 and 874:
848 Stem Cells and Cancer Stem Cell
Page 875 and 876:
850 Stem Cells and Cancer Stem Cell
Page 877 and 878:
852 Stem Cells and Cancer gesting t
Page 879 and 880:
854 STICKS STICKS Definition Substr
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856 Stress Response Stress Response
Page 883 and 884:
858 Stroma Stroma Definition The st
Page 885 and 886:
860 Survivin survivin-2B (165aa) su
Page 887 and 888:
862 SV40 SV40. Fig. 1 ± Electron m
Page 889 and 890:
864 SV40 the overall incidence of c
Page 892 and 893:
TAAT Sequence Definition TAAT is a
Page 894 and 895:
pears to alter the activity of the
Page 896 and 897:
5. Gallo RC (1999) Tat as one key t
Page 898 and 899:
has been proposed that inhibition o
Page 900 and 901:
A normal 14 TCRα TCL1 t(14;14) MP
Page 902 and 903:
pocalin and calycine): this might l
Page 904 and 905:
screens for identification of funct
Page 906 and 907:
Telomerase. Fig. 1 ± Telomeres in
Page 908 and 909:
1 1 1 1 doublings 20 40 60 80 100+
Page 910 and 911:
Will inhibiting telomerase restore
Page 912 and 913:
TFE Family Definition The Tfe famil
Page 914 and 915:
* Undifferentiated anaplastic carci
Page 916 and 917:
centric inversion of RET at 10q11.2
Page 918 and 919:
TNF Receptor-associated Factor 2 De
Page 920 and 921:
situ. The mechanisms of this neurot
Page 922 and 923:
TNFRSF6 Definition Tumor necrosis f
Page 924 and 925:
cogene or deactivation of the tumor
Page 926 and 927:
topoisomerases have been investigat
Page 928 and 929:
genicity of VP-16 is probably relat
Page 930 and 931:
ing sequence contains five regions
Page 932 and 933:
TP53. Table 1 ± Factors involved i
Page 934 and 935:
TP53. Table 2 ± Some important dow
Page 936 and 937:
TRAF2 Definition ! Tumor necrosis f
Page 938 and 939:
virus can cause inappropriate cell
Page 940 and 941:
in the upstream LTR, the latter in
Page 942 and 943:
of cells and in the regulation of t
Page 944 and 945:
also undergo conformational changes
Page 946 and 947:
Translin Definition Translin (TSN),
Page 948 and 949:
* TRK-B (NTRK2) is a receptor for b
Page 950 and 951:
Tumor Progression Definition Tumor
Page 952 and 953:
Tumor Suppression. Table ± Predisp
Page 954 and 955:
Tumor Suppressor Genes Webster K Ca
Page 956 and 957:
sent in a mutant only state. This c
Page 958 and 959:
Turcot Syndrome Paola Izzo Dipartim
Page 960:
Two Component Signaling Pathway Def
Page 963 and 964:
938 Ubiquitination Ubiquitination D
Page 965 and 966:
940 Ubiquitination high energy thio
Page 967 and 968:
942 Ubiquitin-conjugating Enzyme, E
Page 969 and 970:
944 Ultraviolet Light Ultraviolet L
Page 971 and 972:
946 Uterine Leiomyoma, cellular and
Page 973 and 974:
948 Uterine Leiomyoma, clinical onc
Page 975 and 976:
Page 977 and 978:
Page 979 and 980:
954 Vascular Endothelial Growth Fac
Page 981 and 982:
956 VEGF Receptor VEGF Receptor Def
Page 983 and 984:
958 von Hippel-Lindau Tumor Suppres
Page 985 and 986:
Page 987 and 988:
Page 990 and 991:
WAF1 Definition ! p21(Waf1/Cip1/Sdi
Page 992 and 993:
Finally, there is some evidence fro
Page 994:
Wilms Tumour Anaplasia Definition T
Page 997 and 998:
972 Xeroderma Pigmentosum group. Su
Page 999 and 1000:
974 XIAP Other NER-related syndrome
Page 1001 and 1002:
976 Xiphophorus (called ONC-Xmrk to
Page 1004:
YAC Definition Yeast artificial chr
Page 1007 and 1008:
982 Zymogen Activation Cascade Zymo
Page 1009 and 1010:
984 Contributors and their Essays C
Page 1011 and 1012:
Page 1013 and 1014:
Page 1015 and 1016:
Page 1017:
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