Springer, Encyclopedic Reference Of Cancer (2001) Ocr 7.0 Lotb.pdf

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XX List of Contributors Rusciano, Dario Medway Genetics, Via Cantonale, 6805 Mezzovico, Lugano, Switzerland Russo, Giandomenico Instituto Dermopatico dell' Immacolata, Istituto die Ricerca e Cura a Carattere Scientifico, Rome, Italy Samant, Rajeev S. Jake Gittlen Cancer Research Institute (H059), M. S. Hershey Medical Centre, The Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, PA 17033, USA SchaÈfer, Reinhold Molekulare Tumorpathologie, ChariteÂ Campus Mitte, Institut fuÈr Pathologie, Schumannstr. 20/21, 10117 Berlin, Germany Schartl, Manfred Biozentrum, UniversitaÈt WuÈrzburg, Am Hubland, 97074 WuÈrzburg, Germany Schlag, Peter Klinik fuÈr Chirurgie und chirurgische Onkologie, Robert-Roessle-Klinik, ChariteÂ, Campus Buch, Lindenberger Weg 80, 13125 Berlin, Germany Schmitt-GraÈff, Annette Pathologisches Institut des UniversitaÈtsklinikums, UniversitaÈt Freiburg, Albertstr. 19, 79104 Freiburg, Germany SchoÈnthal, Axel H. University of Southern California, Keck School of Medicine, Los Angeles, CA, USA Schreiber-Agus, Nicole Department of Molecular Genetics, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, 1300 Morris Park Ave, Ullmann 809, Bronx, NY 10461, USA Schwab, Manfred Division Cytogenetics - H-0400, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ) Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 280, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany Sellers, William R. Harvard Medical School, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, D720C, 44 Binney Street, Boston, MA 02115, USA Sen, Subrata M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA Shay, Jerry W. Department of Cell Biology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Room K2±206, 5323 Harry Hines Boulevard, Dallas, TX 75390±9039, USA Shewach, Donna 4713 Upjohn Center, Department of Pharmacology, University of Michigan Medical School, 1310 E. Catherine, Ann Arbor, MI 48109±0504, USA Shiloh, Yosef Department of Human Genetics and Molecular Medicine, Sackler School of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 69978, Israel Shipley, Janet Institute of Cancer Research/Royal Marsden NHS Trust, Downs Road, Sutton, Surrey SM2 5PT, UK
List of Contributors Soussi, Thierry Institut Curie, Laboratoire de Genotoxicologie des Tumeurs, 26 rue d'Ulm, 75005 Paris, France Srivastava, Sudhir Division of Cancer Prevention, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health (NIH), 6130 Executive Boulevard, Rm EPN 330F, Rockville, MD 20852, USA Stack, M. Sharon Northwestern University Medical School, 303 E. Chicago Ave., Tarry 8±715, Chicago, IL 60611, USA Stanbridge, Eric Departments of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, University of California, College of Medicine, 240 Medical Science, Building B, Irvine, CA 92697±4025, USA Steeg, Patricia S Laboratory of Pathology, NCI, National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, MD, USA Stein, Stacey Department of Neuroscience and Cell Biology, Center for Advanced Biotechnology and Medicine, UMDMJ Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, Piscataway, NJ, USA Stevenson, Freda Molecular Immunology Group, Tenovus Laboratory, Southampton University Hospitals Trust, Southampton SO16 6YD, UK Swanstrom, Ron CB 7295 Lineberger Cancer Center, Room 22±006, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA Tean Teh, Bin Van Andel Research Institute, Grand Rapide, MI 49503, USA ten Dijke, Peter Division of Cellular Biochemistry (H3), The Netherlands Cancer Institute, Plesmanlaan 121, 1066 CX Amsterdam, The Netherlands Testa, Joseph R. Fox Chase Cancer Center, 7701 Burholme Avenue, Philadelphia, PA 19111, USA Thacker, John Medical Research Council, Radiation & Genome Stability Unit, Harwell, Oxfordshire OX11 0RD, UK Theodorescu, Dan Department of Urology, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia, 22908±0422, USA Theodoropoulos, Panayiotis A. Department of Basic Sciences, The University of Crete, School of Medicine, Heraklion, Crete, Greece Thoms, Sven Friedrich-Miescher-Laboratorium of the Max-Planck-Society, Spemannstr. 37, 72076 TuÈbingen, Germany Tirelli, Umberto National Cancer Institute, Aviano, Italy Tommasino, Massimo Angewandte Tumorvirologie (ATV), German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ) Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer feld 242, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany XXI
Page 3 and 4: Encyclopedic Reference of Cancer
Page 5 and 6: Manfred Schwab (Ed.) Encyclopedic R
Page 7 and 8: Preface Cancer, although a dreadful
Page 9 and 10: List of Contributors Abate-Shen, Co
Page 11 and 12: List of Contributors Capobianco, An
Page 13 and 14: List of Contributors Feinberg, Andr
Page 15 and 16: List of Contributors Gullick, Bill
Page 17 and 18: List of Contributors Kimchi, Adi We
Page 19 and 20: List of Contributors Morton, Cynthi
Page 21: List of Contributors Pritchard-Jone
Page 25 and 26: List of Contributors XXIII Wicking,
Page 27 and 28: 2 AAV are necessary and sufficient
Page 29 and 30: 4 AAV process requires the large Re
Page 31 and 32: 6 ABC Transporter els. So far, the
Page 33 and 34: 8 Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia Acut
Page 35 and 36: 10 Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia Acu
Page 37 and 38: 12 Acute Promyelocytic Leukemia (AP
Page 39 and 40: 14 Acute Vascular Rejection RARa in
Page 41 and 42: 16 Adducts to DNA Adducts. Fig. 2
Page 43 and 44: 18 Adducts to DNA act with DNA to y
Page 45 and 46: 20 Adenovirus mately 36 kilobases (
Page 47 and 48: 22 Adenovirus in animals, others, f
Page 49 and 50: 24 Adherens Junctions Adherens Junc
Page 51 and 52: 26 Adhesion Adhesion. Table ± Adhe
Page 53 and 54: 28 Adhesion multistage skin carcino
Page 55 and 56: 30 Adhesion Molecules that tumor ce
Page 57 and 58: 32 Adoptive Immunotherapy ered to b
Page 59 and 60: 34 Adrenal Medulla their native for
Page 61 and 62: 36 AKT Signal Transduction Pathway
Page 63 and 64: 38 Aldehyde Dehydrogenase Aldehyde
Page 65 and 66: 40 Alu Family Alu Elements. Fig. ±
Page 67 and 68: 42 AML-1/ETO/CBFb/TEL in Chromosoma
Page 69 and 70: 44 Amplified Amplification. Fig. ±
Page 71 and 72: 46 Aneuploidy Characteristics Chrom
Page 73 and 74:
48 Aneuploidy from these tumors act
Page 75 and 76:
50 Aneuploidy chromosomal instabili
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52 Angiogenesis hibitors. It occurs
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54 Anoikis * transformation by onco
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56 Antigen Processing Antigen Proce
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58 Antisense DNA Therapy Delivery,
Page 85 and 86:
60 Antisense Nucleic Acid 3. Leonet
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62 AP-1 AP-1. Fig. 1 ± Structural
Page 89 and 90:
64 AP-1 hanced transactivation, hyp
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66 AP-1 AP-1. Table ± AP-1 functio
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68 AP2 AP2 Definition AP2 is a hete
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70 APC/b-Catenin Pathway APC gene i
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72 APC/b-Catenin Pathway gested to
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74 Apoptosis Definition Apoptosis i
Page 101 and 102:
76 Apoptosis Exaggeration of apopto
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78 ASCO ASCO Definition American So
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80 ATM Protein of differentiation.
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82 Atonal Family ma) clearly shows
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84 Autophagosome Autophagosome Defi
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BAC Definition Bacterial artificial
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Micronodular, infiltrative and morp
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metastases. There is a greater risk
Page 118 and 119:
B-cell Tumours Christian Ottensmeie
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of the tumour cell. Fig. 1 shows ke
Page 122 and 123:
the clonal fingerprint of the tumou
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lular membranes. The main function
Page 126 and 127:
p53-induced growth arrest and apopt
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segment, and between the Jk and Ck
Page 130 and 131:
some of which have been reported by
Page 132 and 133:
Molecular features of BCR-ABL1 reco
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irradiation. Recent findings sugges
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diagnosis to an aggressive and term
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lation of IGF2/H19. These latter ca
Page 140 and 141:
ease is caused by mutation of the m
Page 142 and 143:
Common genetic pathways When review
Page 144 and 145:
BHLH Definition Basic helix-loop-he
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dicators of exposure. Also, a funct
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syndrome is associated with a predi
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Clinical presentation Bladder cance
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ium bovis, which stimulates a local
Page 154 and 155:
Blast Crisis Christine Morris Chris
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Brain Tumors Akio Mantani, Mark A.
Page 158 and 159:
dence in middle age. Meningiomas ma
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lative risk to develop breast cance
Page 162 and 163:
BRCA1 and BRCA2 have been demonstra
Page 164 and 165:
References 1. Devilee P (1999) BRCA
Page 166 and 167:
women whose tumours express the est
Page 168 and 169:
* First, murine cells in which the
Page 170 and 171:
It is also unclear if the prognosis
Page 172 and 173:
C. elegans Definition ! Caenorhabdi
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skeletal muscle are upregulated in
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* recessive mutations in ! tumor su
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antigens designed to increase the i
Page 180 and 181:
able tumor cells into culture mediu
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Conclusion There exist several prom
Page 184 and 185:
Carcinogen Macromolecular Adducts.
Page 186 and 187:
sured at any point in time, reflect
Page 188 and 189:
combinant DNA technology made it po
Page 190 and 191:
3. Guengerich FP, Shimada T (1991)
Page 192 and 193:
such as many other genes, are often
Page 194 and 195:
Caspase 10 Definition Caspases 10 i
Page 196 and 197:
CD20 Definition CD20 is a membrane-
Page 198 and 199:
6. Lesley J, Hyman R, English N, Ca
Page 200 and 201:
disposition gene, encodes the cycli
Page 202 and 203:
milial melanoma and the frequency o
Page 204 and 205:
carcinogens. In contrast to wildtyp
Page 206 and 207:
CDNA Definition cDNA is single-stra
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a b Cell Adhesion Molecules Cell Ad
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terestingly, integrins may be prese
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cule E-cadherin would actually prom
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components can be a target for gene
Page 216 and 217:
Other interesting targets for thera
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Smoking appears to increase the inc
Page 220 and 221:
would be detrimental to the cell, a
Page 222 and 223:
motherapy strongly indicate that on
Page 224 and 225:
Conclusions. With a marked increase
Page 226 and 227:
19-9 (CA 19-9) level (although not
Page 228 and 229:
tion (CALI). CALI uses targeted las
Page 230 and 231:
Conclusions CALI is a means for the
Page 232 and 233:
the chromosome to be spanned. Walki
Page 234 and 235:
analogues may make subsequent autol
Page 236 and 237:
Class Switching Definition Class sw
Page 238 and 239:
Colon Cancer Gabriela Moeslein Klin
Page 240 and 241:
an entire resection of the segment,
Page 242 and 243:
Colon Cancer. Table 2 ± TNM-stagin
Page 244 and 245:
6. Hardcastle JD, Chamberlain JO, R
Page 246 and 247:
Constitutive Heterochromatin Defini
Page 248 and 249:
is not part of the classic BRR phen
Page 250 and 251:
Clinical aspects PTEN is mutated in
Page 252 and 253:
COX-2 Definition Cyclooxygenase-2 (
Page 254 and 255:
methylation in some tumors is restr
Page 256 and 257:
CT Scan Definition A computerized t
Page 258 and 259:
cyclin D1 may contribute to resista
Page 260 and 261:
Cyclooxygenase-2 in Colorectal Canc
Page 262 and 263:
Cytokine Definition A cytokine is a
Page 264 and 265:
Damage Response Definition ! Stress
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expression also display deletions,
Page 268 and 269:
tion when present in multimeric for
Page 270 and 271:
Desmoplastic Medulloblastoma Defini
Page 272 and 273:
keratin and E-cadherin staining, an
Page 274 and 275:
human probably possesses between 10
Page 276 and 277:
prostate and breast, although a die
Page 278 and 279:
DNA Interstrand Cross-links Definit
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Common to all of them is a characte
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plex, a fact that emphasizes its ro
Page 284:
Drug Metabolism Definition ! Detoxi
Page 287 and 288:
262 E2F E2F. Fig. 1 ± Control of E
Page 289 and 290:
264 Early Detection Early Detection
Page 291 and 292:
266 Early Genes of Human Papillomav
Page 293 and 294:
Page 295 and 296:
Page 297 and 298:
272 Early Virus Genes dual activity
Page 299 and 300:
274 E-box E-box. Table 1 ± Genes t
Page 301 and 302:
276 EBV E-box. Fig. ± Shown is an
Page 303 and 304:
278 E-cadherin E-cadherin. Fig. 1
Page 305 and 306:
280 E-cadherin Bioactivity A multit
Page 307 and 308:
282 EFT EFT Synonyms * Ewing tumor
Page 309 and 310:
284 Electromagnetic Fields and Canc
Page 311 and 312:
286 Elongin BC Complex box and maxi
Page 313 and 314:
288 End Labeling End Labeling Defin
Page 315 and 316:
290 Endocytosis receptor, the ligan
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292 Endometriosis Endometriosis Def
Page 319 and 320:
294 Epidemiology of Cancer cer. In
Page 321 and 322:
296 EPR-1 EPR-1 Definition ! Effect
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298 Epstein-Barr Virus Epstein-Barr
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300 ERBA2 Qp, to that used in laten
Page 327 and 328:
302 Erythropoietin Definition Eryth
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304 ESF ESF Definition ! Erythropoi
Page 331 and 332:
306 Estrogen Receptor 1 Estrogen Re
Page 333 and 334:
308 Estrogenic Hormones and Cancer
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310 ETS Transcription Factors ETS T
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312 ETV6 References 1. Dittmer J, N
Page 339 and 340:
314 EWS Besides the EWS-Ets gene re
Page 341 and 342:
316 EWS-FLI (ets) Fusion Transcript
Page 343 and 344:
318 Exons Exons Definition Exons ar
Page 346 and 347:
FADD Definition Fas-associating pro
Page 348 and 349:
cessive mode of inheritance. This m
Page 350 and 351:
The genes The 4 known FA genes have
Page 352 and 353:
chromatin. On the other hand, in th
Page 354 and 355:
FHIT Kay Huebner Kimmel Cancer Inst
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Fhit LOH Fhit deletion other loci a
Page 358 and 359:
expression is affected by oncogenic
Page 360 and 361:
detected as spots in the interstiti
Page 362 and 363:
escence microscopy. FITC excitation
Page 364 and 365:
scopy alone was 6.3 for intraepithe
Page 366 and 367:
FOS Synonyms * c-Fos Definition Fos
Page 368:
The FRA3B site lies within the larg
Page 371 and 372:
346 Gammopathy Gammopathy Definitio
Page 373 and 374:
348 Gastrinoma Microscopically, gas
Page 375 and 376:
350 GC/post-GC Type B-cell Tumors G
Page 377 and 378:
352 Gene Therapy hicles employ comp
Page 379 and 380:
354 Genetic Disorders Associated wi
Page 381 and 382:
356 Genetic Disorders Associated wi
Page 383 and 384:
358 Genetic Epidemiology the questi
Page 385 and 386:
360 Genomic Imprinting and Cancer t
Page 387 and 388:
362 Genomic Instability 4. Wolffe A
Page 389 and 390:
364 G 2/M Checkpoint G 2/M Checkpoi
Page 391 and 392:
366 G 2/M Transition abundant ! G 2
Page 393 and 394:
368 G-proteins Definition G-protein
Page 395 and 396:
370 G-proteins Functions The bc-com
Page 397 and 398:
372 G-quadruplex DNA found in human
Page 399 and 400:
374 Graft-versus-host Disease Graft
Page 401 and 402:
376 GTPase zymes that catalyzes the
Page 403 and 404:
378 GTPase-activating Protein pinge
Page 406 and 407:
H3 Definition H3 is the Rhesus monk
Page 408 and 409:
cells by activating E-box dependent
Page 410 and 411:
genes can be inferred from studies
Page 412 and 413:
side) and the lymphoid lineage (sho
Page 414 and 415:
plasia (with or without preceeding
Page 416 and 417:
tuted to a varying extent with N- a
Page 418 and 419:
composed of 12 exons separated by 1
Page 420 and 421:
2. Hulett MD, Freeman C, Hamdorf BJ
Page 422 and 423:
fibroblasts to the tumorgenic pheno
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and doxorubicin, in some studies co
Page 426 and 427:
Hepatocyte Growth Factor Receptor D
Page 428 and 429:
HER-2/neu. Table ± Reagents for HE
Page 430 and 431:
Heterotypic Adhesion Definition Het
Page 432 and 433:
N-terminal tail of histones. The mo
Page 434 and 435:
logic studies, done with monoclonal
Page 436 and 437:
Hoarseness Definition Hoarseness is
Page 438 and 439:
per 100,000 population and represen
Page 440 and 441:
2. Harris NL (1999) Hodgkin's lymph
Page 442 and 443:
Misexpression of certain homeobox g
Page 444 and 445:
Homologous Chromosomes Definition H
Page 446 and 447:
of this mechanism have been retaine
Page 448 and 449:
teins are particularly active durin
Page 450 and 451:
HSR Definition ! Homogeneously stai
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gressions of experimental tumors in
Page 454 and 455:
pression in more tumor cells could
Page 456 and 457:
All herpesviruses have the importan
Page 458 and 459:
the members of the RB-family. Activ
Page 460 and 461:
ineffective (cervical cancer occurs
Page 462 and 463:
2. Sugamura K & Hinuma Y. Human ret
Page 464:
* a reduced capability to transport
Page 467 and 468:
442 ICH densation in chromosomes 1,
Page 469 and 470:
444 IKK1 Definition Inhibitor of j
Page 471 and 472:
446 Immunohistochemistry k light ch
Page 473 and 474:
448 Immunotherapy activated in more
Page 475 and 476:
450 Imprinting curs only at the cyt
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452 Inflammatory Pseudotumor the en
Page 479 and 480:
454 Inositol Lipids Inositol Lipids
Page 481 and 482:
456 Insulin-like Growth Factors Ins
Page 483 and 484:
458 Insulin-like Growth Factors Ins
Page 485 and 486:
460 Integrins Integrins Definition
Page 487 and 488:
462 Interleukin-6 Clinical Relevanc
Page 489 and 490:
464 Internal Dose are not responsiv
Page 491 and 492:
466 Interphase Cytogenetics either
Page 493 and 494:
468 Invasion Invasion Definition In
Page 496 and 497:
Kaposi Sarcoma Chris Boshoff The Ca
Page 498 and 499:
to phosphorylate the retinoblastoma
Page 500 and 501:
if these are confined to a limited
Page 502 and 503:
Is KiSS1 a marker of melanoma metas
Page 504 and 505:
naling molecules, and a network of
Page 506 and 507:
proliferation but also normal devel
Page 508 and 509:
the G839K mutation was reported to
Page 510 and 511:
cental alkaline phosphatase. This i
Page 512 and 513:
Laminectomy Definition Laminectomy
Page 514 and 515:
A subgroup of laryngeal SCC has mul
Page 516 and 517:
any point in the tissue is determin
Page 518 and 519:
aries. The mouse Lats and human LAT
Page 520 and 521:
mutants, roughex (rux) and fizzy-re
Page 522 and 523:
Leimyosarcoma Definition Leimyosarc
Page 524 and 525:
Type and origin of TP53 mutations I
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tic transformation is most likely t
Page 528 and 529:
ments, of which there are an estima
Page 530 and 531:
proliferation in the context of inf
Page 532 and 533:
Liver Cirrhosis Definition Liver ci
Page 534 and 535:
When disseminated, especially lymph
Page 536:
References 1. Marra G, Boland CR (1
Page 539 and 540:
514 Macrophage-stimulating Protein
Page 541 and 542:
516 Major Histocompatibility Loci M
Page 543 and 544:
518 Malignant Lymphoma, hallmarks a
Page 545 and 546:
Page 547 and 548:
Page 549 and 550:
524 MALT Lymphoma MALT Lymphoma Def
Page 551 and 552:
526 MAP Kinase MAP kinase module to
Page 553 and 554:
528 MAP Kinase Kinase mely active a
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530 Maternal Inheritance Maternal I
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532 Matrix Metalloproteinases cyste
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534 Matrix Metalloproteinases Subst
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536 MCAM protein of 477 amino acids
Page 563 and 564:
538 Medulloblastoma Medulloblastoma
Page 565 and 566:
540 MEKK MEKK Definition MEKK stand
Page 567 and 568:
542 Melanoma Melanoma. Fig. 2 ± Fu
Page 569 and 570:
544 Melanoma in Fish Pehamberger H
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546 Mesothelioma observed in other
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548 Mesothelioma Homozygous deletio
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550 MET tions in human malignant me
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552 MET MET. Fig. 2 ± The Met rece
Page 579 and 580:
554 Metabolic Detoxification Metabo
Page 581 and 582:
556 Metabolic Polymorphisms and Can
Page 583 and 584:
558 Metastasis Characteristics At t
Page 585 and 586:
560 Metastasis Suppressor Gene Meta
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562 Methylation The establishment o
Page 589 and 590:
564 MHC MHC Definition Major histoc
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566 Microarray (cDNA) Technology Mi
Page 593 and 594:
568 Micrometastasis Micrometastasis
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570 Micrometastasis eral blood was
Page 597 and 598:
572 Microsatellite Instability regi
Page 599 and 600:
574 Microtubules tide repeats (BAT2
Page 601 and 602:
576 Minimal Residual Disease tage o
Page 603 and 604:
578 Mismatch Repair in Genome Stabi
Page 605 and 606:
580 Mismatch Repair in Genome Stabi
Page 607 and 608:
582 Mitogen-activated Protein Kinas
Page 609 and 610:
584 Mitotic Catastrophe Mitotic Cat
Page 611 and 612:
586 MKK MKK Synonyms * MAPKK * ! ME
Page 613 and 614:
588 Modifier Loci in Cancer Modifie
Page 615 and 616:
590 Modular Domains 17.Nagase H, Br
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592 Mosaicism, somatic Mosaicism, s
Page 619 and 620:
594 Multidrug Resistance Multidrug
Page 621 and 622:
596 Multiple Endocrine Neoplasia Ty
Page 623 and 624:
598 Multiple Endocrine Neoplasia Ty
Page 625 and 626:
600 Multiple Myeloma Multiple Myelo
Page 627 and 628:
602 Multistep Development cancer ce
Page 629 and 630:
604 Multistep Development and RB mu
Page 631 and 632:
606 Mutator Phenotype nance of gene
Page 633 and 634:
608 Mutator Phenotype crease the ov
Page 635 and 636:
610 MXI1 non-polyposis colorectal c
Page 637 and 638:
612 MYC most cases the role of thes
Page 639 and 640:
614 MYOD MYOD Definition Myoblast d
Page 641 and 642:
616 Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma (8 to
Page 643 and 644:
618 NAT improved the detection of E
Page 645 and 646:
620 Neoangiogenesis * earlier initi
Page 647 and 648:
622 Neuroblastoma acic tumors. Chil
Page 649 and 650:
624 Neuroendocrine Tumors Neuroendo
Page 651 and 652:
626 Neuroendocrine Tumors including
Page 653 and 654:
628 Neuroendocrine Tumors different
Page 655 and 656:
630 Neurofibromatosis 2 mation when
Page 657 and 658:
632 Neuropeptide D, Eldridge R, Aur
Page 659 and 660:
634 Nijmegen Breakage Syndrome Nijm
Page 661 and 662:
636 NM23 Metastasis Suppressor Gene
Page 663 and 664:
638 NMI References 1. Lombardi D, L
Page 665 and 666:
640 NOTCH/JAGGED Signaling in Neopl
Page 667 and 668:
642 NOTCH/JAGGED Signaling in Neopl
Page 669 and 670:
644 NPC References 1. Artavanis-Tsa
Page 671 and 672:
646 Nucleotide Excision Repair dama
Page 673 and 674:
648 NWTSG Clinical Relevance The ce
Page 675 and 676:
650 Oncogene cogene was referred to
Page 677 and 678:
652 Oncogene Transduction * translo
Page 679 and 680:
654 Ornithine Decarboxylase matrix,
Page 681 and 682:
656 Oxidative DNA Damage 5. Scully
Page 683 and 684:
658 Oxidative Stress mage to biomol
Page 685 and 686:
660 Oxygenation of Tumors distribut
Page 688 and 689:
p14ARF Definition p14ARF is a prote
Page 690 and 691:
proteins, the cyclin-dependent kina
Page 692 and 693:
y p21. Upon removal of p21, both en
Page 694 and 695:
and p73 production are still being
Page 696 and 697:
variability in both the response to
Page 698 and 699:
the bases CC ! TT, observed in skin
Page 700 and 701:
dies are of major importance. First
Page 702 and 703:
lood vessels (Fig. 1). Lymph node m
Page 704 and 705:
tively active; therefore the signal
Page 706 and 707:
and extravasation of contrast dyes
Page 708 and 709:
called islets, which are scattered
Page 710 and 711:
Papanicolaou Test Definition A Papa
Page 712 and 713:
activity is under the control of th
Page 714 and 715:
to points of contact between conflu
Page 716 and 717:
disease is equally distributed betw
Page 718 and 719:
membrane protein that carries out A
Page 720 and 721:
portant role in the blood-brain bar
Page 722 and 723:
2. Gottesman MM, Pastan I (1993) Bi
Page 724 and 725:
Phosphorylation of Proteins Definit
Page 726 and 727:
Plasminogen-related Definition Plas
Page 728 and 729:
direct effects on capillary endothe
Page 730 and 731:
POC Definition ! POMC. Point Mutati
Page 732 and 733:
and the following list is by no mea
Page 734 and 735:
In addition to the above, roles of
Page 736 and 737:
Polytene Chromosome Definition Poly
Page 738 and 739:
Primary Sclerosing Cholangitis Defi
Page 740 and 741:
trix and are inactive in this form;
Page 742 and 743:
ole in normal bladder control. Wrap
Page 744 and 745:
cificity phosphatase, E-cadherin, t
Page 746 and 747:
ants further search for concurrent
Page 748 and 749:
controversial; recent evidence from
Page 750 and 751:
gland including radical retropubic
Page 752 and 753:
References 1. Catalona WJ, Partin A
Page 754 and 755:
two cysteine-rich domains in tandem
Page 756 and 757:
elow) suggest that PKC k/i acts as
Page 758 and 759:
Proteomics Definition Proteomics is
Page 760 and 761:
intestinal tract, as well as neurol
Page 762 and 763:
forkhead has proved illuminating wi
Page 764:
PTP-BAS Definition ! PTPN13. PTP1E
Page 768 and 769:
RACE Definition 5 0 -rapid amplific
Page 770 and 771:
In humans, H-RAS, K-RAS and N-RAS a
Page 772 and 773:
RAS. Fig. 2 ± Mutational activatio
Page 774 and 775:
References 1. Barbacid, M (1987) ra
Page 776 and 777:
mulate the weak endogenous rate of
Page 778 and 779:
ducible expression differences betw
Page 780 and 781:
in the control of aggressive tumor
Page 782 and 783:
of a short extracellular a-chain th
Page 784 and 785:
Receptor Tyrosine Kinases. Table ±
Page 786 and 787:
REL Thomas D. Gilmore Biology Depar
Page 788 and 789:
REL. Fig. 2 ± Activation of the Re
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Relapse Definition Relapse defines
Page 792 and 793:
ain, spinal cord, eye, adrenal glan
Page 794 and 795:
2. Friedberg EC, Walker GC, Siede W
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Molecular composition The replicati
Page 798 and 799:
CDK activity. CDKs may also have ot
Page 800 and 801:
Identification of low level DNA amp
Page 802 and 803:
RET. Fig. 1 ± Putative structure o
Page 804 and 805:
velopment. Knockout mice of ART, PS
Page 806 and 807:
5. Santoro M, Melillo RM, Carlomagn
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lele in a cell that is part of the
Page 810 and 811:
plished by activation of transcript
Page 812 and 813:
although the precise mechanism of a
Page 814 and 815:
when stimulated by a `death ligand'
Page 816 and 817:
and p130, knockout mice in Rb, p107
Page 818 and 819:
Abl is under cell-cycle control, be
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such as mouse, thousands of endogen
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transcription of specific target ge
Page 824 and 825:
mitant improvements in prognosis, h
Page 826 and 827:
(BCR). BCR is the translocation par
Page 828 and 829:
scription factor. NFjB regulates th
Page 830:
from animal systems, ranging from c
Page 833 and 834:
808 Scatter Factor Scatter Factor E
Page 835 and 836:
810 Scatter Factor cludes IRS-1 (in
Page 837 and 838:
812 Scatter Factor capillary-like t
Page 839 and 840:
814 Selectins lular agonist, the so
Page 841 and 842:
816 Senescence and Immortalization
Page 843 and 844:
818 Serine Proteinases with high se
Page 845 and 846:
820 SH2/SH3 Domains * SH2 domains a
Page 847 and 848:
822 Shimada System tions of these n
Page 849 and 850:
824 Signal Transducers and Activato
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826 Signal Transduction geted inact
Page 853 and 854:
828 Smad Proteins in TGFb Signallin
Page 855 and 856:
830 Smad Proteins in TGFb Signallin
Page 857 and 858:
832 SNP zymes and cytokines. The SN
Page 859 and 860:
834 Somatostatin Somatostatin. Tabl
Page 861 and 862:
836 Somatostatin Receptor Scintigra
Page 863 and 864:
838 S-phase Damage-sensing Checkpoi
Page 865 and 866:
840 S-phase Promoting Factor chroma
Page 867 and 868:
842 SRC SRC. Fig. 1 ± Structure of
Page 869 and 870:
844 SRE SRE Definition The serum re
Page 871 and 872:
846 STD STD Definition Sexually tra
Page 873 and 874:
848 Stem Cells and Cancer Stem Cell
Page 875 and 876:
850 Stem Cells and Cancer Stem Cell
Page 877 and 878:
852 Stem Cells and Cancer gesting t
Page 879 and 880:
854 STICKS STICKS Definition Substr
Page 881 and 882:
856 Stress Response Stress Response
Page 883 and 884:
858 Stroma Stroma Definition The st
Page 885 and 886:
860 Survivin survivin-2B (165aa) su
Page 887 and 888:
862 SV40 SV40. Fig. 1 ± Electron m
Page 889 and 890:
864 SV40 the overall incidence of c
Page 892 and 893:
TAAT Sequence Definition TAAT is a
Page 894 and 895:
pears to alter the activity of the
Page 896 and 897:
5. Gallo RC (1999) Tat as one key t
Page 898 and 899:
has been proposed that inhibition o
Page 900 and 901:
A normal 14 TCRα TCL1 t(14;14) MP
Page 902 and 903:
pocalin and calycine): this might l
Page 904 and 905:
screens for identification of funct
Page 906 and 907:
Telomerase. Fig. 1 ± Telomeres in
Page 908 and 909:
1 1 1 1 doublings 20 40 60 80 100+
Page 910 and 911:
Will inhibiting telomerase restore
Page 912 and 913:
TFE Family Definition The Tfe famil
Page 914 and 915:
* Undifferentiated anaplastic carci
Page 916 and 917:
centric inversion of RET at 10q11.2
Page 918 and 919:
TNF Receptor-associated Factor 2 De
Page 920 and 921:
situ. The mechanisms of this neurot
Page 922 and 923:
TNFRSF6 Definition Tumor necrosis f
Page 924 and 925:
cogene or deactivation of the tumor
Page 926 and 927:
topoisomerases have been investigat
Page 928 and 929:
genicity of VP-16 is probably relat
Page 930 and 931:
ing sequence contains five regions
Page 932 and 933:
TP53. Table 1 ± Factors involved i
Page 934 and 935:
TP53. Table 2 ± Some important dow
Page 936 and 937:
TRAF2 Definition ! Tumor necrosis f
Page 938 and 939:
virus can cause inappropriate cell
Page 940 and 941:
in the upstream LTR, the latter in
Page 942 and 943:
of cells and in the regulation of t
Page 944 and 945:
also undergo conformational changes
Page 946 and 947:
Translin Definition Translin (TSN),
Page 948 and 949:
* TRK-B (NTRK2) is a receptor for b
Page 950 and 951:
Tumor Progression Definition Tumor
Page 952 and 953:
Tumor Suppression. Table ± Predisp
Page 954 and 955:
Tumor Suppressor Genes Webster K Ca
Page 956 and 957:
sent in a mutant only state. This c
Page 958 and 959:
Turcot Syndrome Paola Izzo Dipartim
Page 960:
Two Component Signaling Pathway Def
Page 963 and 964:
938 Ubiquitination Ubiquitination D
Page 965 and 966:
940 Ubiquitination high energy thio
Page 967 and 968:
942 Ubiquitin-conjugating Enzyme, E
Page 969 and 970:
944 Ultraviolet Light Ultraviolet L
Page 971 and 972:
946 Uterine Leiomyoma, cellular and
Page 973 and 974:
948 Uterine Leiomyoma, clinical onc
Page 975 and 976:
Page 977 and 978:
Page 979 and 980:
954 Vascular Endothelial Growth Fac
Page 981 and 982:
956 VEGF Receptor VEGF Receptor Def
Page 983 and 984:
958 von Hippel-Lindau Tumor Suppres
Page 985 and 986:
Page 987 and 988:
Page 990 and 991:
WAF1 Definition ! p21(Waf1/Cip1/Sdi
Page 992 and 993:
Finally, there is some evidence fro
Page 994:
Wilms Tumour Anaplasia Definition T
Page 997 and 998:
972 Xeroderma Pigmentosum group. Su
Page 999 and 1000:
974 XIAP Other NER-related syndrome
Page 1001 and 1002:
976 Xiphophorus (called ONC-Xmrk to
Page 1004:
YAC Definition Yeast artificial chr
Page 1007 and 1008:
982 Zymogen Activation Cascade Zymo
Page 1009 and 1010:
984 Contributors and their Essays C
Page 1011 and 1012:
Page 1013 and 1014:
Page 1015 and 1016:
Page 1017:
show all

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