Springer, Encyclopedic Reference Of Cancer (2001) Ocr 7.0 Lotb.pdf

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3 Berlin Heidelberg New York Barcelona Hong Kong London Milan Paris Tokyo
Manfred Schwab (Ed.) Encyclopedic Reference of Cancer With 261 Figures and 64 Tables 1 3
Page 3: Encyclopedic Reference of Cancer
Page 7 and 8: Preface Cancer, although a dreadful
Page 9 and 10: List of Contributors Abate-Shen, Co
Page 11 and 12: List of Contributors Capobianco, An
Page 13 and 14: List of Contributors Feinberg, Andr
Page 15 and 16: List of Contributors Gullick, Bill
Page 17 and 18: List of Contributors Kimchi, Adi We
Page 19 and 20: List of Contributors Morton, Cynthi
Page 21 and 22: List of Contributors Pritchard-Jone
Page 23 and 24: List of Contributors Soussi, Thierr
Page 25 and 26: List of Contributors XXIII Wicking,
Page 27 and 28: 2 AAV are necessary and sufficient
Page 29 and 30: 4 AAV process requires the large Re
Page 31 and 32: 6 ABC Transporter els. So far, the
Page 33 and 34: 8 Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia Acut
Page 35 and 36: 10 Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia Acu
Page 37 and 38: 12 Acute Promyelocytic Leukemia (AP
Page 39 and 40: 14 Acute Vascular Rejection RARa in
Page 41 and 42: 16 Adducts to DNA Adducts. Fig. 2
Page 43 and 44: 18 Adducts to DNA act with DNA to y
Page 45 and 46: 20 Adenovirus mately 36 kilobases (
Page 47 and 48: 22 Adenovirus in animals, others, f
Page 49 and 50: 24 Adherens Junctions Adherens Junc
Page 51 and 52: 26 Adhesion Adhesion. Table ± Adhe
Page 53 and 54: 28 Adhesion multistage skin carcino
Page 55 and 56:
30 Adhesion Molecules that tumor ce
Page 57 and 58:
32 Adoptive Immunotherapy ered to b
Page 59 and 60:
34 Adrenal Medulla their native for
Page 61 and 62:
36 AKT Signal Transduction Pathway
Page 63 and 64:
38 Aldehyde Dehydrogenase Aldehyde
Page 65 and 66:
40 Alu Family Alu Elements. Fig. ±
Page 67 and 68:
42 AML-1/ETO/CBFb/TEL in Chromosoma
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44 Amplified Amplification. Fig. ±
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46 Aneuploidy Characteristics Chrom
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48 Aneuploidy from these tumors act
Page 75 and 76:
50 Aneuploidy chromosomal instabili
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52 Angiogenesis hibitors. It occurs
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54 Anoikis * transformation by onco
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56 Antigen Processing Antigen Proce
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58 Antisense DNA Therapy Delivery,
Page 85 and 86:
60 Antisense Nucleic Acid 3. Leonet
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62 AP-1 AP-1. Fig. 1 ± Structural
Page 89 and 90:
64 AP-1 hanced transactivation, hyp
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66 AP-1 AP-1. Table ± AP-1 functio
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68 AP2 AP2 Definition AP2 is a hete
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70 APC/b-Catenin Pathway APC gene i
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72 APC/b-Catenin Pathway gested to
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74 Apoptosis Definition Apoptosis i
Page 101 and 102:
76 Apoptosis Exaggeration of apopto
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78 ASCO ASCO Definition American So
Page 105 and 106:
80 ATM Protein of differentiation.
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82 Atonal Family ma) clearly shows
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84 Autophagosome Autophagosome Defi
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BAC Definition Bacterial artificial
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Micronodular, infiltrative and morp
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metastases. There is a greater risk
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B-cell Tumours Christian Ottensmeie
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of the tumour cell. Fig. 1 shows ke
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the clonal fingerprint of the tumou
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lular membranes. The main function
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p53-induced growth arrest and apopt
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segment, and between the Jk and Ck
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some of which have been reported by
Page 132 and 133:
Molecular features of BCR-ABL1 reco
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irradiation. Recent findings sugges
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diagnosis to an aggressive and term
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lation of IGF2/H19. These latter ca
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ease is caused by mutation of the m
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Common genetic pathways When review
Page 144 and 145:
BHLH Definition Basic helix-loop-he
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dicators of exposure. Also, a funct
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syndrome is associated with a predi
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Clinical presentation Bladder cance
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ium bovis, which stimulates a local
Page 154 and 155:
Blast Crisis Christine Morris Chris
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Brain Tumors Akio Mantani, Mark A.
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dence in middle age. Meningiomas ma
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lative risk to develop breast cance
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BRCA1 and BRCA2 have been demonstra
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References 1. Devilee P (1999) BRCA
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women whose tumours express the est
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* First, murine cells in which the
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It is also unclear if the prognosis
Page 172 and 173:
C. elegans Definition ! Caenorhabdi
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skeletal muscle are upregulated in
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* recessive mutations in ! tumor su
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antigens designed to increase the i
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able tumor cells into culture mediu
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Conclusion There exist several prom
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Carcinogen Macromolecular Adducts.
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sured at any point in time, reflect
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combinant DNA technology made it po
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3. Guengerich FP, Shimada T (1991)
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such as many other genes, are often
Page 194 and 195:
Caspase 10 Definition Caspases 10 i
Page 196 and 197:
CD20 Definition CD20 is a membrane-
Page 198 and 199:
6. Lesley J, Hyman R, English N, Ca
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disposition gene, encodes the cycli
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milial melanoma and the frequency o
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carcinogens. In contrast to wildtyp
Page 206 and 207:
CDNA Definition cDNA is single-stra
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a b Cell Adhesion Molecules Cell Ad
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terestingly, integrins may be prese
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cule E-cadherin would actually prom
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components can be a target for gene
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Other interesting targets for thera
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Smoking appears to increase the inc
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would be detrimental to the cell, a
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motherapy strongly indicate that on
Page 224 and 225:
Conclusions. With a marked increase
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19-9 (CA 19-9) level (although not
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tion (CALI). CALI uses targeted las
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Conclusions CALI is a means for the
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the chromosome to be spanned. Walki
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analogues may make subsequent autol
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Class Switching Definition Class sw
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Colon Cancer Gabriela Moeslein Klin
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an entire resection of the segment,
Page 242 and 243:
Colon Cancer. Table 2 ± TNM-stagin
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6. Hardcastle JD, Chamberlain JO, R
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Constitutive Heterochromatin Defini
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is not part of the classic BRR phen
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Clinical aspects PTEN is mutated in
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COX-2 Definition Cyclooxygenase-2 (
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methylation in some tumors is restr
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CT Scan Definition A computerized t
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cyclin D1 may contribute to resista
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Cyclooxygenase-2 in Colorectal Canc
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Cytokine Definition A cytokine is a
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Damage Response Definition ! Stress
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expression also display deletions,
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tion when present in multimeric for
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Desmoplastic Medulloblastoma Defini
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keratin and E-cadherin staining, an
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human probably possesses between 10
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prostate and breast, although a die
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DNA Interstrand Cross-links Definit
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Common to all of them is a characte
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plex, a fact that emphasizes its ro
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Drug Metabolism Definition ! Detoxi
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262 E2F E2F. Fig. 1 ± Control of E
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264 Early Detection Early Detection
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266 Early Genes of Human Papillomav
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Page 295 and 296:
Page 297 and 298:
272 Early Virus Genes dual activity
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274 E-box E-box. Table 1 ± Genes t
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276 EBV E-box. Fig. ± Shown is an
Page 303 and 304:
278 E-cadherin E-cadherin. Fig. 1
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280 E-cadherin Bioactivity A multit
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282 EFT EFT Synonyms * Ewing tumor
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284 Electromagnetic Fields and Canc
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286 Elongin BC Complex box and maxi
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288 End Labeling End Labeling Defin
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290 Endocytosis receptor, the ligan
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292 Endometriosis Endometriosis Def
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294 Epidemiology of Cancer cer. In
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296 EPR-1 EPR-1 Definition ! Effect
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298 Epstein-Barr Virus Epstein-Barr
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300 ERBA2 Qp, to that used in laten
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302 Erythropoietin Definition Eryth
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304 ESF ESF Definition ! Erythropoi
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306 Estrogen Receptor 1 Estrogen Re
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308 Estrogenic Hormones and Cancer
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310 ETS Transcription Factors ETS T
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312 ETV6 References 1. Dittmer J, N
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314 EWS Besides the EWS-Ets gene re
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316 EWS-FLI (ets) Fusion Transcript
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318 Exons Exons Definition Exons ar
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FADD Definition Fas-associating pro
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cessive mode of inheritance. This m
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The genes The 4 known FA genes have
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chromatin. On the other hand, in th
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FHIT Kay Huebner Kimmel Cancer Inst
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Fhit LOH Fhit deletion other loci a
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expression is affected by oncogenic
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detected as spots in the interstiti
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escence microscopy. FITC excitation
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scopy alone was 6.3 for intraepithe
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FOS Synonyms * c-Fos Definition Fos
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The FRA3B site lies within the larg
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346 Gammopathy Gammopathy Definitio
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348 Gastrinoma Microscopically, gas
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350 GC/post-GC Type B-cell Tumors G
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352 Gene Therapy hicles employ comp
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354 Genetic Disorders Associated wi
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356 Genetic Disorders Associated wi
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358 Genetic Epidemiology the questi
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360 Genomic Imprinting and Cancer t
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362 Genomic Instability 4. Wolffe A
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364 G 2/M Checkpoint G 2/M Checkpoi
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366 G 2/M Transition abundant ! G 2
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368 G-proteins Definition G-protein
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370 G-proteins Functions The bc-com
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372 G-quadruplex DNA found in human
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374 Graft-versus-host Disease Graft
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376 GTPase zymes that catalyzes the
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378 GTPase-activating Protein pinge
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H3 Definition H3 is the Rhesus monk
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cells by activating E-box dependent
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genes can be inferred from studies
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side) and the lymphoid lineage (sho
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plasia (with or without preceeding
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tuted to a varying extent with N- a
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composed of 12 exons separated by 1
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2. Hulett MD, Freeman C, Hamdorf BJ
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fibroblasts to the tumorgenic pheno
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and doxorubicin, in some studies co
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Hepatocyte Growth Factor Receptor D
Page 428 and 429:
HER-2/neu. Table ± Reagents for HE
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Heterotypic Adhesion Definition Het
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N-terminal tail of histones. The mo
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logic studies, done with monoclonal
Page 436 and 437:
Hoarseness Definition Hoarseness is
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per 100,000 population and represen
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2. Harris NL (1999) Hodgkin's lymph
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Misexpression of certain homeobox g
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Homologous Chromosomes Definition H
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of this mechanism have been retaine
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teins are particularly active durin
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HSR Definition ! Homogeneously stai
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gressions of experimental tumors in
Page 454 and 455:
pression in more tumor cells could
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All herpesviruses have the importan
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the members of the RB-family. Activ
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ineffective (cervical cancer occurs
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2. Sugamura K & Hinuma Y. Human ret
Page 464:
* a reduced capability to transport
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442 ICH densation in chromosomes 1,
Page 469 and 470:
444 IKK1 Definition Inhibitor of j
Page 471 and 472:
446 Immunohistochemistry k light ch
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448 Immunotherapy activated in more
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450 Imprinting curs only at the cyt
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452 Inflammatory Pseudotumor the en
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454 Inositol Lipids Inositol Lipids
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456 Insulin-like Growth Factors Ins
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458 Insulin-like Growth Factors Ins
Page 485 and 486:
460 Integrins Integrins Definition
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462 Interleukin-6 Clinical Relevanc
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464 Internal Dose are not responsiv
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466 Interphase Cytogenetics either
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468 Invasion Invasion Definition In
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Kaposi Sarcoma Chris Boshoff The Ca
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to phosphorylate the retinoblastoma
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if these are confined to a limited
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Is KiSS1 a marker of melanoma metas
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naling molecules, and a network of
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proliferation but also normal devel
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the G839K mutation was reported to
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cental alkaline phosphatase. This i
Page 512 and 513:
Laminectomy Definition Laminectomy
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A subgroup of laryngeal SCC has mul
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any point in the tissue is determin
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aries. The mouse Lats and human LAT
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mutants, roughex (rux) and fizzy-re
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Leimyosarcoma Definition Leimyosarc
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Type and origin of TP53 mutations I
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tic transformation is most likely t
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ments, of which there are an estima
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proliferation in the context of inf
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Liver Cirrhosis Definition Liver ci
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When disseminated, especially lymph
Page 536:
References 1. Marra G, Boland CR (1
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514 Macrophage-stimulating Protein
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516 Major Histocompatibility Loci M
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518 Malignant Lymphoma, hallmarks a
Page 545 and 546:
Page 547 and 548:
Page 549 and 550:
524 MALT Lymphoma MALT Lymphoma Def
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526 MAP Kinase MAP kinase module to
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528 MAP Kinase Kinase mely active a
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530 Maternal Inheritance Maternal I
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532 Matrix Metalloproteinases cyste
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534 Matrix Metalloproteinases Subst
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536 MCAM protein of 477 amino acids
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538 Medulloblastoma Medulloblastoma
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540 MEKK MEKK Definition MEKK stand
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542 Melanoma Melanoma. Fig. 2 ± Fu
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544 Melanoma in Fish Pehamberger H
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546 Mesothelioma observed in other
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548 Mesothelioma Homozygous deletio
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550 MET tions in human malignant me
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552 MET MET. Fig. 2 ± The Met rece
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554 Metabolic Detoxification Metabo
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556 Metabolic Polymorphisms and Can
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558 Metastasis Characteristics At t
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560 Metastasis Suppressor Gene Meta
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562 Methylation The establishment o
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564 MHC MHC Definition Major histoc
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566 Microarray (cDNA) Technology Mi
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568 Micrometastasis Micrometastasis
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570 Micrometastasis eral blood was
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572 Microsatellite Instability regi
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574 Microtubules tide repeats (BAT2
Page 601 and 602:
576 Minimal Residual Disease tage o
Page 603 and 604:
578 Mismatch Repair in Genome Stabi
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580 Mismatch Repair in Genome Stabi
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582 Mitogen-activated Protein Kinas
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584 Mitotic Catastrophe Mitotic Cat
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586 MKK MKK Synonyms * MAPKK * ! ME
Page 613 and 614:
588 Modifier Loci in Cancer Modifie
Page 615 and 616:
590 Modular Domains 17.Nagase H, Br
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592 Mosaicism, somatic Mosaicism, s
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594 Multidrug Resistance Multidrug
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596 Multiple Endocrine Neoplasia Ty
Page 623 and 624:
598 Multiple Endocrine Neoplasia Ty
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600 Multiple Myeloma Multiple Myelo
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602 Multistep Development cancer ce
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604 Multistep Development and RB mu
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606 Mutator Phenotype nance of gene
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608 Mutator Phenotype crease the ov
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610 MXI1 non-polyposis colorectal c
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612 MYC most cases the role of thes
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614 MYOD MYOD Definition Myoblast d
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616 Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma (8 to
Page 643 and 644:
618 NAT improved the detection of E
Page 645 and 646:
620 Neoangiogenesis * earlier initi
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622 Neuroblastoma acic tumors. Chil
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624 Neuroendocrine Tumors Neuroendo
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626 Neuroendocrine Tumors including
Page 653 and 654:
628 Neuroendocrine Tumors different
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630 Neurofibromatosis 2 mation when
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632 Neuropeptide D, Eldridge R, Aur
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634 Nijmegen Breakage Syndrome Nijm
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636 NM23 Metastasis Suppressor Gene
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638 NMI References 1. Lombardi D, L
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640 NOTCH/JAGGED Signaling in Neopl
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642 NOTCH/JAGGED Signaling in Neopl
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644 NPC References 1. Artavanis-Tsa
Page 671 and 672:
646 Nucleotide Excision Repair dama
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648 NWTSG Clinical Relevance The ce
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650 Oncogene cogene was referred to
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652 Oncogene Transduction * translo
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654 Ornithine Decarboxylase matrix,
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656 Oxidative DNA Damage 5. Scully
Page 683 and 684:
658 Oxidative Stress mage to biomol
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660 Oxygenation of Tumors distribut
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p14ARF Definition p14ARF is a prote
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proteins, the cyclin-dependent kina
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y p21. Upon removal of p21, both en
Page 694 and 695:
and p73 production are still being
Page 696 and 697:
variability in both the response to
Page 698 and 699:
the bases CC ! TT, observed in skin
Page 700 and 701:
dies are of major importance. First
Page 702 and 703:
lood vessels (Fig. 1). Lymph node m
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tively active; therefore the signal
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and extravasation of contrast dyes
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called islets, which are scattered
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Papanicolaou Test Definition A Papa
Page 712 and 713:
activity is under the control of th
Page 714 and 715:
to points of contact between conflu
Page 716 and 717:
disease is equally distributed betw
Page 718 and 719:
membrane protein that carries out A
Page 720 and 721:
portant role in the blood-brain bar
Page 722 and 723:
2. Gottesman MM, Pastan I (1993) Bi
Page 724 and 725:
Phosphorylation of Proteins Definit
Page 726 and 727:
Plasminogen-related Definition Plas
Page 728 and 729:
direct effects on capillary endothe
Page 730 and 731:
POC Definition ! POMC. Point Mutati
Page 732 and 733:
and the following list is by no mea
Page 734 and 735:
In addition to the above, roles of
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Polytene Chromosome Definition Poly
Page 738 and 739:
Primary Sclerosing Cholangitis Defi
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trix and are inactive in this form;
Page 742 and 743:
ole in normal bladder control. Wrap
Page 744 and 745:
cificity phosphatase, E-cadherin, t
Page 746 and 747:
ants further search for concurrent
Page 748 and 749:
controversial; recent evidence from
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gland including radical retropubic
Page 752 and 753:
References 1. Catalona WJ, Partin A
Page 754 and 755:
two cysteine-rich domains in tandem
Page 756 and 757:
elow) suggest that PKC k/i acts as
Page 758 and 759:
Proteomics Definition Proteomics is
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intestinal tract, as well as neurol
Page 762 and 763:
forkhead has proved illuminating wi
Page 764:
PTP-BAS Definition ! PTPN13. PTP1E
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RACE Definition 5 0 -rapid amplific
Page 770 and 771:
In humans, H-RAS, K-RAS and N-RAS a
Page 772 and 773:
RAS. Fig. 2 ± Mutational activatio
Page 774 and 775:
References 1. Barbacid, M (1987) ra
Page 776 and 777:
mulate the weak endogenous rate of
Page 778 and 779:
ducible expression differences betw
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in the control of aggressive tumor
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of a short extracellular a-chain th
Page 784 and 785:
Receptor Tyrosine Kinases. Table ±
Page 786 and 787:
REL Thomas D. Gilmore Biology Depar
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REL. Fig. 2 ± Activation of the Re
Page 790 and 791:
Relapse Definition Relapse defines
Page 792 and 793:
ain, spinal cord, eye, adrenal glan
Page 794 and 795:
2. Friedberg EC, Walker GC, Siede W
Page 796 and 797:
Molecular composition The replicati
Page 798 and 799:
CDK activity. CDKs may also have ot
Page 800 and 801:
Identification of low level DNA amp
Page 802 and 803:
RET. Fig. 1 ± Putative structure o
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velopment. Knockout mice of ART, PS
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5. Santoro M, Melillo RM, Carlomagn
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lele in a cell that is part of the
Page 810 and 811:
plished by activation of transcript
Page 812 and 813:
although the precise mechanism of a
Page 814 and 815:
when stimulated by a `death ligand'
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and p130, knockout mice in Rb, p107
Page 818 and 819:
Abl is under cell-cycle control, be
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such as mouse, thousands of endogen
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transcription of specific target ge
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mitant improvements in prognosis, h
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(BCR). BCR is the translocation par
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scription factor. NFjB regulates th
Page 830:
from animal systems, ranging from c
Page 833 and 834:
808 Scatter Factor Scatter Factor E
Page 835 and 836:
810 Scatter Factor cludes IRS-1 (in
Page 837 and 838:
812 Scatter Factor capillary-like t
Page 839 and 840:
814 Selectins lular agonist, the so
Page 841 and 842:
816 Senescence and Immortalization
Page 843 and 844:
818 Serine Proteinases with high se
Page 845 and 846:
820 SH2/SH3 Domains * SH2 domains a
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822 Shimada System tions of these n
Page 849 and 850:
824 Signal Transducers and Activato
Page 851 and 852:
826 Signal Transduction geted inact
Page 853 and 854:
828 Smad Proteins in TGFb Signallin
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830 Smad Proteins in TGFb Signallin
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832 SNP zymes and cytokines. The SN
Page 859 and 860:
834 Somatostatin Somatostatin. Tabl
Page 861 and 862:
836 Somatostatin Receptor Scintigra
Page 863 and 864:
838 S-phase Damage-sensing Checkpoi
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840 S-phase Promoting Factor chroma
Page 867 and 868:
842 SRC SRC. Fig. 1 ± Structure of
Page 869 and 870:
844 SRE SRE Definition The serum re
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846 STD STD Definition Sexually tra
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848 Stem Cells and Cancer Stem Cell
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850 Stem Cells and Cancer Stem Cell
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852 Stem Cells and Cancer gesting t
Page 879 and 880:
854 STICKS STICKS Definition Substr
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856 Stress Response Stress Response
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858 Stroma Stroma Definition The st
Page 885 and 886:
860 Survivin survivin-2B (165aa) su
Page 887 and 888:
862 SV40 SV40. Fig. 1 ± Electron m
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864 SV40 the overall incidence of c
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TAAT Sequence Definition TAAT is a
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pears to alter the activity of the
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5. Gallo RC (1999) Tat as one key t
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has been proposed that inhibition o
Page 900 and 901:
A normal 14 TCRα TCL1 t(14;14) MP
Page 902 and 903:
pocalin and calycine): this might l
Page 904 and 905:
screens for identification of funct
Page 906 and 907:
Telomerase. Fig. 1 ± Telomeres in
Page 908 and 909:
1 1 1 1 doublings 20 40 60 80 100+
Page 910 and 911:
Will inhibiting telomerase restore
Page 912 and 913:
TFE Family Definition The Tfe famil
Page 914 and 915:
* Undifferentiated anaplastic carci
Page 916 and 917:
centric inversion of RET at 10q11.2
Page 918 and 919:
TNF Receptor-associated Factor 2 De
Page 920 and 921:
situ. The mechanisms of this neurot
Page 922 and 923:
TNFRSF6 Definition Tumor necrosis f
Page 924 and 925:
cogene or deactivation of the tumor
Page 926 and 927:
topoisomerases have been investigat
Page 928 and 929:
genicity of VP-16 is probably relat
Page 930 and 931:
ing sequence contains five regions
Page 932 and 933:
TP53. Table 1 ± Factors involved i
Page 934 and 935:
TP53. Table 2 ± Some important dow
Page 936 and 937:
TRAF2 Definition ! Tumor necrosis f
Page 938 and 939:
virus can cause inappropriate cell
Page 940 and 941:
in the upstream LTR, the latter in
Page 942 and 943:
of cells and in the regulation of t
Page 944 and 945:
also undergo conformational changes
Page 946 and 947:
Translin Definition Translin (TSN),
Page 948 and 949:
* TRK-B (NTRK2) is a receptor for b
Page 950 and 951:
Tumor Progression Definition Tumor
Page 952 and 953:
Tumor Suppression. Table ± Predisp
Page 954 and 955:
Tumor Suppressor Genes Webster K Ca
Page 956 and 957:
sent in a mutant only state. This c
Page 958 and 959:
Turcot Syndrome Paola Izzo Dipartim
Page 960:
Two Component Signaling Pathway Def
Page 963 and 964:
938 Ubiquitination Ubiquitination D
Page 965 and 966:
940 Ubiquitination high energy thio
Page 967 and 968:
942 Ubiquitin-conjugating Enzyme, E
Page 969 and 970:
944 Ultraviolet Light Ultraviolet L
Page 971 and 972:
946 Uterine Leiomyoma, cellular and
Page 973 and 974:
948 Uterine Leiomyoma, clinical onc
Page 975 and 976:
Page 977 and 978:
Page 979 and 980:
954 Vascular Endothelial Growth Fac
Page 981 and 982:
956 VEGF Receptor VEGF Receptor Def
Page 983 and 984:
958 von Hippel-Lindau Tumor Suppres
Page 985 and 986:
Page 987 and 988:
Page 990 and 991:
WAF1 Definition ! p21(Waf1/Cip1/Sdi
Page 992 and 993:
Finally, there is some evidence fro
Page 994:
Wilms Tumour Anaplasia Definition T
Page 997 and 998:
972 Xeroderma Pigmentosum group. Su
Page 999 and 1000:
974 XIAP Other NER-related syndrome
Page 1001 and 1002:
976 Xiphophorus (called ONC-Xmrk to
Page 1004:
YAC Definition Yeast artificial chr
Page 1007 and 1008:
982 Zymogen Activation Cascade Zymo
Page 1009 and 1010:
984 Contributors and their Essays C
Page 1011 and 1012:
Page 1013 and 1014:
Page 1015 and 1016:
Page 1017:
show all

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