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82 84 81 RICE FLAT SEDGE Cyperus iria L. CYPIR, monocot, Cyperaceae Found in: lowland, upland Establishment method: DS, WS >> TP Growth habit: erect; up to 0.8 m Emergence time: within 7 d Moisture: moist to wet Competitiveness: moderate Seed contaminant: yes Cultural control: deep flooding Reported resistance: none Life cycle: A Seed wt: 0.1 Method(s) of reproduction: seeds Maturity time: as little as 30 d Dormancy: yes; can germinate about 75 d after shedding Elevation: up to 1,200 m Light: sunny Notes: germinates best in full light; C 4 plant; may have multiple generations in one season; prefers lower elevations; used as forage and in mat-making Reported in: BAN, BHU, CAM, CHN, IDO, IND, KOR, LAO, MAL, MYA, NEP, PAK, PHI, SRI, THA, VIE (81) Flower, (82) mature plant 85
PURPLE NUTSEDGE Cyperus rotundus L. CYPRO, monocot, Cyperaceae Found in: upland Establishment method: DS Growth habit: erect; tubers in chains on rhizomes; up to 0.75 m Emergence time: simultaneous with rice Moisture: dry to moist Competitiveness: moderate to low, but competitive early Seed contaminant: yes Cultural control: stale seedbed; narrow rows; high plant density; flooding suppresses growth but does not kill tubers; interrow cultivation; clean implements Reported resistance: none Life cycle: P Seed wt: 0.1 Method(s) of reproduction: tubers, rhizomes Maturity time: from 21 to 56 d Dormancy: yes, apical dominance in tubers Elevation: up to 1,800 m Light: sunny; shade-sensitive Notes: the world’s worst weed; C 4 plant; saline-sensitive; tubers may be viable for several years; tubers consumed by humans; forage Reported in: BAN, BHU, CHN, IDO, IND, KOR, LAO, MAL, MYA, NEP, PAK, PHI, SRI, THA, VIE (83) Mature plant, (84) young plant, (85) roots and tubers, (86) flower 83 85 86 87 86 84
Page 2 and 3: A Practical Field Guide to Weeds of
Page 4 and 5: GRASS WEEDS 52-81 Cynodon dactylon
Page 6 and 7: Acknowledgments The authors thank t
Page 8 and 9: BROADLEAF WEEDS SOLA PITH PLANT Aes
Page 10 and 11: TROPIC AGERATUM; GOAT WEED Ageratum
Page 12 and 13: SPINY AMARANTH Amaranthus spinosus
Page 14 and 15: SPREADING DAYFLOWER Commelina diffu
Page 16 and 17: WATER HYACINTH Eichhornia crassipes
Page 18 and 19: CREEPING WATER PRIMROSE Ludwigia ad
Page 20 and 21: WATER CLOVER Marsilea minuta L. MAR
Page 22 and 23: MONOCHORIA Monochoria vaginalis (Bu
Page 24 and 25: MARSH-PEPPER SMARTWEED, WATER PEPPE
Page 26 and 27: GOOSEWEED Sphenoclea zeylanica Gaer
Page 28 and 29: GRASS WEEDS BERMUDA GRASS Cynodon d
Page 30 and 31: CRAB GRASS Digitaria ciliaris (Retz
Page 32 and 33: 60 57 58 BARNYARDGRASS Echinochloa
Page 34 and 35: 64 60 61 GOOSEGRASS Eleusine indica
Page 36 and 37: 68 65 66 WRINKLED GRASS, SARAMOLLAG
Page 38 and 39: 72 68 69 CHINESE SPRANGLETOP, RED S
Page 40 and 41: 72 73 76 KNOTGRASS Paspalum distich
Page 42 and 43: 76 77 80 78 ITCHGRASS Rottboellia c
Page 46 and 47: 88 87 88 FORKED FRINGERUSH Fimbrist
Page 48 and 49: 92 94 93 BULRUSH Scirpus juncoides
Page 50 and 51: Appendix A. Weed species synonyms*
Page 53 and 54: Appendix F. Common names of weeds i
Page 55 and 56: Appendix J. Common names of weeds i
Page 57 and 58: Appendix N. Common names of weeds i
Page 59 and 60: Appendix Q continued. Bayer code BA

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