A Pictorial Guide for the Identification of Mold ... - OAR@ICRISAT

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Detection Technique Eight hundred grains from each sample were examined to identify fungi up to the species level. Each grain sample was subjected to four treatments (200 grains treatment 1 ): 1. Grains were surface sterilized in 1 % sodium hypochlorite (NaOCI) [prepared from Clorox® (Clorox Company, Oakland, CA 94612, USA) containing 5.25% NaOCI] without fungicide treatment. 2. Grains were sterilized in NaOCI, and treated with benomyl (0.05%) [Benefit ® 50 WP (benomyl 50% WP), EID Parry (India)]. 3. Grains were sterilized in NaOCI and treated with benomyl. 4. Grains were not sterilized and no benomyl treatment. The grains were transferred to pre-sterilized petri dish humid chambers @ 25 grains dish 1 (Fig. 1 a, b) under aseptic conditions, and were incubated for 5 days at 28±1 °C in an incubator (Percival®) with a 12-h light cycle for observation. The fungi mentioned in this bulletin were encountered across the treatments, storage conditions, seasons, and cultivars. The effects of all these factors on mean frequency of occurrence of individual fungi are published separately. 4
Figure 1a. Before incubation. Figure 1b. After incubation. 5
Page 1 and 2: A Pictorial Guide for the Identific
Page 3 and 4: A Pictorial Guide for the Identific
Page 5 and 6: Contents Foreword 1 Introduction 2
Page 7 and 8: Foreword The International Crops Re
Page 9: Collection of Sorghum Samples and S
Page 13 and 14: Symptoms and Morphology
Page 15 and 16: Acladium conspersum Figure 3 x956 9
Page 17 and 18: Acremonium strictum Figure 4 x12 Fi
Page 19 and 20: Alternaria alternata Figure 6a x17
Page 21 and 22: Figure 8 Alternaria brassicicola Fi
Page 23 and 24: Alternaria longipes Figure 11 x686
Page 25 and 26: Alternaria longissima Figure 13 x11
Page 27 and 28: Figure 15 Alternaria tenuissima x20
Page 29 and 30: Aspergillus candidus Figure 17 x 19
Page 31 and 32: Aspergillus flavus Figure 18a x11 F
Page 33 and 34: Aspergillus niger Figure 20 x14 Fig
Page 35 and 36: Bipolaris australiensis Figure 22 x
Page 37 and 38: Bipolaris halodes Figure 24 x26 Fig
Page 39 and 40: Figure 26 Bipolaris maydis Figure 2
Page 41 and 42: Bipolaris sacchari Figure 29 x1980
Page 43 and 44: Figure 30 Bipolaris spicifera Figur
Page 45 and 46: Figure 33 Bipolaris zeicola Figure
Page 47 and 48: Botrytis cinerea Figure 35 x858 41
Page 49 and 50: Chaetomium oryzae Figure 37 x396 43
Page 51 and 52: Cladosporium oxysporum Figure 39 x3
Page 53 and 54: Figure 40a Cladosporium sphaerosper
Page 55 and 56: Figure 43 Colletotrichum graminicol
Page 57 and 58: Curvularia affinis Figure 45 x3300
Page 59 and 60: Curvularia clavata Figure 47 x2739
Page 61 and 62:
Figure 48 Figure 49 Curvularia erag
Page 63 and 64:
Figure 50 Curvularia fallax x1980 5
Page 65 and 66:
Figure 51 Figure 52 Curvularia geni
Page 67 and 68:
Curvularia harveyi Figure 54 x2508
Page 69 and 70:
Figure 55 Figure 56 Curvularia luna
Page 71 and 72:
Curvularia lunata var aeria Figure
Page 73 and 74:
Figure 60 Curvularia ovoidea x2277
Page 75 and 76:
Figure 61 x53 Figure 62 Curvularia
Page 77 and 78:
Figure 64 Curvularia trifolii x1980
Page 79 and 80:
Figure 65 Figure 66 Curvularia tube
Page 81 and 82:
Figure 67 x21 Figure 68 Epicoccum n
Page 83 and 84:
Figure 69 Figure 70 Exserohilum ros
Page 85 and 86:
Exserohilum turcicum Figure 71a x72
Page 87 and 88:
Figure 73 x12 Figure 74 Fusarium mo
Page 89 and 90:
Fusarium semitectum Figure 76 x600
Page 91 and 92:
Figure 78 Gloecercospora sorghi x14
Page 93 and 94:
Gonatobotrys simplex Figure 79b x58
Page 95 and 96:
Figure 81 x46 Figure 82 Nigrospora
Page 97 and 98:
Figure 83 Figure 84 Penicillium cit
Page 99 and 100:
Periconia macrospinosa Lefebvre & A
Page 101 and 102:
Figure 86b Periconia macrospinosa x
Page 103 and 104:
Figure 88a Figure 88b Phoma sorghin
Page 105 and 106:
Figure 90 Rhizopus stolonifer x1980
Page 107 and 108:
Spadicoides obovata Figure 92 x3135
Page 109 and 110:
Torula graminis Figure 93 x792 103
Page 111 and 112:
Figure 95 Trichothecium roseum x310
Page 113 and 114:
Combe, R.G., Jacobs, J.J., and Wats
Page 115 and 116:
Nelson, R.R. 1964. The perfect stag
Page 117 and 118:
Tsuda, K., Nozoe, S., Morisaki, K.,
Page 119 and 120:
(Carmichael 1955), which suffers fr
Page 121 and 122:
Conidiophore Conidium (pl = conidia
Page 123 and 124:
Pseudoparaphyses A little or strong
Page 125 and 126:
Notes
Page 127:
About ICRISAT The semi-arid tropics
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A Pictorial Guide for the Identification of Mold ... - OAR@ICRISAT

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