Heros in the Civil Rights - William Fremd High School

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Student Handout e at last with joyous freedom songs and speeches. Liuzzo stayed afterward to shuttle passengers back to Selma in her car, despite others urging her to rest. She was driving 19-year-old Leroy Moton, a black civil rights worker, back through Lowndes County around 7 :30 that evening when she noticed a car pull up alongside them. The four occupants of that car, one an FBI informant and all members of the Ku Klux Klan, noticed she was a white woman and he a black man. They began to chase Liuzzo and Moton, who sped up to 90 miles per hour on a now dark and empty Highway 80. Twenty miles outside Selma near Big Swamp Creek, Liuzzo was humming the freedom song "We Shall Overcome" when one of the four men poked his gun out a window and shot Liuzzo in the skull through her window. She died instantly, and Leroy Moton feigned (pretended) death as the KKK gunmen sent 11 more bullets into Liuzzo's car. Finally, Moton crawled out of the car and hailed a civil rights truck driving by. • Why did Liuzzo join the civil rights movement? • How did Liuzzo die? • Why did people kill her? The news of Viola Liuzzo's death quickly reached her family, the president, and the nation. She was the first white woman martyred in the civil rights struggle, and some whites criticized her involvement. They sent hate mail to her family, or criticized her past history of divorce. However, many Americans hailed Liuzzo as a heroine and engraved her name on monuments at the site of her murder and in Detroit. Liuzzo's son followed in her footsteps, helping register black voters and eventually becoming a civil rights educator. • How did people respond to Liuzzo's death? © Teachers' Curriculum Institute USH-12-5, Activity 2.3, Page 18
Information on Thurgood Marshall Student Handout • Thurgood Marshall (far left in the picture) was a civil rights lawyer and U.S. Supreme Court justice who worked for civil rights from the 1930s until his retirement in 1991. Marshall was born in 1908 and was raised by two working parents in Baltimore, Maryland, and Harlem, New York, in a strongly segregated (racially separate) environment. From the time he was young, Marshall was encouraged by his father to use the law to achieve justice for African Americans. William Marshall took Thurgood and his brother to hear court cases so that they could learn the skills of legal argument. As a young student, Thurgood was assigned to read the Constitution as punishment for classroom mischief; however, he memorized it instead. Marshall attended all-black Lincoln University in Chester, Pennsylvania, and then went on to get his law degree at Howard University in Washington DC. He became so skilled in discussing the law that his university debate team called him "Wrathful Marshall." • Where did Marshall grow up? • What profession did he train for? In the 1930s, Marshall joined the National Association for the Advancement of Colored People (NAACP), an organization that promoted African-American civil rights. During his tenure with the organization, Marshall fought many court cases for clients too poor to pay him. Without regard for money, he battled tirelessly to place blacks on juries, gain equal pay for African-American teachers, and enlist black pilots for World War II. From the 1940s to the 1960s, Marshall played a critical role in winning almost every major civil rights case. One of the most important cases he contributed to was the landmark 1954 Brown v. Board of Education case, in which the Supreme Court ruled that school segregation was unconstitutional. With his flawless logic, dignified aura, and straightforward speech, Marshall won 29 of the 32 cases he argued before the Supreme Court. President Lyndon B. Johnson appointed him as one of nine Supreme Court justices in 1967, bestowing on him the highest honor for a lawyer in the country. © Teachers' Curriculum Institute USH-12-5, Activity 2.3, Page 19
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Heros in the Civil Rights - William Fremd High School

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