Chapter 6 - GFDRR

guarantee. The concerned departments have
devised their own emergency plans, and local
governments and relevant departments have
devised or revised the various plans at their
levels. Natural disaster risk management, as an
indispensable part of the plans, provides important
support to disaster preparedness and relief.
Pushing Forward Natural Disaster Risk
Investigation and Zoning
The Chinese government has conducted risk investigation
and zoning for commonly encountered
natural disasters, such as flood, earthquake,
geological hazard, and oceanic disaster,
and has achieved some important results. It
has organized the compilation of a flood risk
map and conducted a flood hazard survey and
caution area zoning, and on the basis of those
efforts, completed the compilation of 56 trial
flood risk maps of different types and typical
historical charts of seven large drainage basins.
It has compiled four generations of earthquake
zoning maps and conducted active fault probe
and earthquake risk assessments in more than
100 large and medium-size cities, which has
provided basic statistics for national earthquake
disaster management and anti-earthquake
preparation in construction projects. The government
has also conducted a land survey and
the geological disaster environment, completed
the geological disaster survey and zoning in
some cities and counties and established corresponding
information systems and geological
hazard monitoring networks. It has conducted
agricultural and rural meteorological disaster
investigation and completed agricultural meteorological
disaster risk zoning in some cities and
counties. It is currently conducting investigation
of marine disaster risks for large-scale coastal
projects and national marine disaster risk assessment
and zoning.
Vigorously Strengthening Capacity Building
for Natural Disaster Monitoring and Early
Warning
The Chinese government attaches great importance
to natural disaster monitoring and
early warning and has established a three-dimensional
natural disaster monitoring system
covering land, marine and seabed, and spaceair-ground
monitoring. A disaster monitoring,
early warning, and forecasting system is taking
shape. Since the 1990s, in particular, China has
accelerated the building of a national natural
disaster monitoring and early warning system
through the use of modern earth-observation
technology, satellite communication technology,
and network technology and has launched small
satellites (Constellation A and Constellation B)
for environmental and disaster monitoring and
forecasting. It has also launched a number of meteorological,
oceanic, and resource observation
satellites for natural disaster risk management.
A satellite disaster reduction application system
has taken initial shape.
In recent years, China has continually strengthened
the construction of its disaster remotesensing
monitoring system, meteorological
early warning and forecasting system, hydrologic
and flood monitoring and early warning
and forecasting system, earthquake monitoring
and forecasting system, geological disaster
monitoring system, environmental monitoring
and early warning system, wild animal epidemic
monitoring and early warning system, insect
pest monitoring and forecasting system, marine
disaster forecasting system, forest and grassland
fire early warning and monitoring system, and
sandstorm disaster monitoring and assessment
system, and has achieved remarkable results in
capacity building for natural disaster monitoring
and early warning.
Improving the Assessment of Disaster Risks to Strengthen Financial Resilience 123