an Accompanying Guide to Any First-Year German Course

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6.1 Adverbs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 38 7.1 Conjugation of Regular Verbs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 40 7.2 Conjugation of Some Irregular Verbs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 43 7.3 Inseparable Prefixes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 44 7.4 Formation of Imperatives . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 48 7.5 The Main Irregular Verbs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 48 7.6 The Two Types of Subjunctive in German . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 53 7.7 Conjugation of Modal Verbs and möchten . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 56 7.8 When One Can Leave Out the Infinitive . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 57 7.9 Imperfect Forms of sein and haben . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 65 7.10 Phrasal Verbs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 68 8.1 An Overview of the Prepositions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 74 8.2 The ‘Two Way Verbs’ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 82 8.3 Some Two-way Prepositions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 83 8.4 Some Genitive Prepositions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 85 9.1 The Coordinating Conjunctions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 88 9.2 Subordinating Conjunctions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 90 9.3 Uses of the Infinitive . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 92 10.1 Kein . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 95 10.2 Nicht . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 96 A.1 German Pronunciation Guide . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 100 A.2 Short Pronunciation Guide for German . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 106 viii
LIST OF FIGURES Figure page 3.1 For an Indefinite Article . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22 3.2 For a Definite Article . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22 7.1 A Visual Representation of German Tense . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 59 8.1 an with Accusative . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 77 8.2 auf with Accusative . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 77 8.3 bis . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 77 8.4 durch . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 77 8.5 gegen . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 78 8.6 hinter with Accusative . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 78 8.7 in with Accusative . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 78 8.8 neben with Accusative . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 78 8.9 über with Accusative . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 78 8.10 um . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 78 8.11 unter (i.e. beneath) with Accusative . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 79 8.12 unter (i.e. among) with Accusative . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 79 8.13 vor with Accusative . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 79 8.14 zwischen with Accusative . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 79 8.15 an with Dative . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 79 8.16 auf with Dative . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 79 8.17 in with Dative . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 79 8.18 neben with Dative . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 79 8.19 über with Dative . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 80 ix
Page 1 and 2: A LINGUISTIC INTRODUCTION TO GERMAN
Page 3 and 4: ACKNOWLEDGMENTS I would like to tha
Page 5 and 6: 5 ADJECTIVES . . . . . . . . . . .
Page 7: LIST OF TABLES Table page 1.1 Guide
Page 11 and 12: Abstract of Thesis Presented to the
Page 13 and 14: INTRODUCTION There is no universal
Page 15 and 16: CHAPTER 1 WORD ORDER AND THE GERMAN
Page 17 and 18: 5 Also, a clause can be in position
Page 19 and 20: 7 Table 1.3: The Nominative dummy-e
Page 21 and 22: 9 Table 1.5: Uses of the Accusative
Page 23 and 24: 11 3. Since one can usually tell in
Page 25 and 26: 13 Table 1.8: The Dative Case For t
Page 27 and 28: CHAPTER 2 NOUN FORMS This chapter c
Page 29 and 30: 17 depending on the intended meanin
Page 31 and 32: 19 der Name die Namen den Namen dem
Page 33 and 34: CHAPTER 3 ARTICLES German articles
Page 35 and 36: 23 Table 3.2: The German Article In
Page 37 and 38: 25 Table 4.1: Personal Pronouns 1st
Page 39 and 40: In German: Er hat sich das Bein geb
Page 41 and 42: 29 Table 4.2: Pronoun Word Order Gu
Page 43 and 44: CHAPTER 5 ADJECTIVES Adjectives are
Page 45 and 46: 33 since adjectives are declined. A
Page 47 and 48: 35 1. • hoch, höher, höchste
Page 49 and 50: CHAPTER 6 ADVERBS Adverbs modify ve
Page 51 and 52: CHAPTER 7 VERBS 7.1 Verb Forms 7.1.
Page 53 and 54: 41 6. inseparable prefixed verbs (s
Page 55 and 56: 43 Table 7.2: Conjugation of Some I
Page 57 and 58: 45 of the clause and they are reuni
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47 In proper written German an impe
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is formed by dropping the ‘t’ f
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51 Although some instructors tell t
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53 Table 7.6: The Two Types of Subj
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55 7.3.1 Conjugation The 1st and 3r
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57 Table 7.8: When One Can Leave Ou
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59 past perfect imperfect present p
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61 Note that this sentence would be
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63 2. the verb is stark (‘strong
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65 7.4.3 Imperfect Often referred t
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67 Herr Schmidt called his wife at
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69 verb preposition + case [perfect
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71 verb preposition + case [perfect
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73 • Andreas schenkt Angelika das
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75 Table 8.1-Continued Prep. Cases
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77 ¡¡ ¢¡¢¡¢¡¢ ¡¡ ¢¡¢
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¦ ¥ ¥ ¦ ¦ ¥ ¥ ¦ ¦ ¥ ¥ ¦
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81 8.2 Prepositions Governing Case
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83 Table 8.3: Some Two-way Preposit
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85 Table 8.4: Some Genitive Preposi
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CHAPTER 9 CONJUNCTIONS Conjunctions
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89 1. they introduce subordinate cl
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91 Conjunction als (ob) als wenn wi
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CHAPTER 10 NEGATION There are three
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95 Table 10.1: Kein kein comes befo
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97 • Sebastian spielt noch Golf.
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99 Note that this is only for objec
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101 o a very pure o sound-no lip mo
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103 k just as in English kaufen, ab
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105 Figure A.1: ich Figure A.2: Rad
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107 ch 1: as in ‘ich’ after i,
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109 Table B.1-Continued English Ger
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[Dreyer] is something everyone shou
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an Accompanying Guide to Any First-Year German Course

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