the influence of bedding material and collecting period

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Figure 1 Broilers in the hard board cage’s, with feeders and waterers Figure 2 Layers in the batteries used in this study 43
Table 1 Physical and chemical composition of the bro iler diet ITEM Diet Broiler Broiler Broiler Post- Starter¹ Finisher² Finisher³ Physical composition (%) Prime Gluten 3.50 3.50 3.37 Soya oil cake (48%) 25.41 19.15 13.67 Sunflower oil cake (30%) 0.91 White Fishmeal 1.20 0.10 Maize (8. 5%) 64.56 72.66 77.75 Feedgrade Limestone 1.71 1.67 1.72 Salt (no 1 fine) 1.04 0.79 0.66 Kynofos 21 MCP 2.00 1.55 1.26 Methionine 0.17 0.16 0.16 Lysine 0.20 0.23 0.30 Broiler Starter Premix 0.20 Broiler Finisher Premix 0.20 Broiler Post-Finishe r Premix 0.20 Chemical composition (%) Protein (min) 22.0 18.0 18.0 Fibre (max) 5.0 5.0 5.0 Moisture (max) 12.0 12.0 12.0 Fat (min) 2.5 2.5 2.5 Calcium (max) 1.2 1.2 1.2 Phosphorous (min) 0.7 0.6 0.5 Lysine (min) 1.1 0.9 0.9 ¹ Day 1-14 ² Day 15-35 ³ Day 36-42 44
Page 1 and 2: THE INFLUENCE OF BEDDING MATERIAL A
Page 3 and 4: 4.3 Pathogens 13 4.3.1 Clostridium
Page 5 and 6: 2.3.7 In vitro organic matter diges
Page 7 and 8: Our Heavenly Father, gratitude for
Page 9 and 10: not even half of the poultry manure
Page 11 and 12: CHAPTER 2 LITERATURE REVIEW The dra
Page 13 and 14: Table 1 Specifications for poultry
Page 15 and 16: concern about possible harm to anim
Page 17 and 18: Figure 1 shows the likely causes of
Page 19 and 20: 4.1 Storage of broiler litter Broil
Page 21 and 22: 5. NUTRITIONAL CHARACTERISTICS Seve
Page 23 and 24: 5.4 Available energy It is frequent
Page 25 and 26: Copper toxicity used to be a proble
Page 27 and 28: Bilgili S., Hess J., Blake J. & Eck
Page 29 and 30: North M.O. & Bell D.D., 1990. Chick
Page 31 and 32: CHAPTER 3 THE EFFECT OF DIFFERENT T
Page 33 and 34: feed manufacturer. Water was availa
Page 35 and 36: water) for 30 minutes. The samples
Page 37 and 38: According to Sainsbury (2000) a hou
Page 39 and 40: 3.1.2 Moisture absorption On the ba
Page 41 and 42: NH3 Production 30.00 25.00 Phase 1
Page 43 and 44: Table 4 material Performance of bro
Page 45 and 46: Howard S. & Heimlich J.E., 2002. Th
Page 47 and 48: CHAPTER 4 THE EFFECT OF BEDDING MAT
Page 49: The different groups have been rand
Page 53 and 54: 2.2 Sampling 2.2.1 Broilers At the
Page 55 and 56: low. Nylon material (HS013 Nylon cl
Page 57 and 58: diet contained 11.62% protein, 9.76
Page 59 and 60: Table 5 Nutrient content of bedding
Page 61 and 62: The influence of bedding material o
Page 63 and 64: oiler litter without bedding materi
Page 65 and 66: highest in litter. Copper toxicity
Page 67 and 68: According to this specification a c
Page 69 and 70: Specifications for poultry manure a
Page 71 and 72: Daniel J. & Olson K.C., 2001. Feedi
Page 73 and 74: Murthy K.S., Reddy M.R. & Reddy G.V
Page 75 and 76: Van der Merwe, H.J., Pretorius, P.S
Page 77 and 78: duration of period and feed convers
Page 79 and 80: ABSTRACT Guidelines for poultry pro
Page 81 and 82: It was concluded from the performan
Page 83 and 84: waargeneem wat op geen skropmateria

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