Notes to Pages 308–313 415 Wingate, “Comment on Col o nel Rice’s Paper,” Century 36 (1888), 943; Henry Hall, “The Future of American Shipping,” AM 47 (February 1881), 174. 28. Pomeroy, “The Law of Maritime Warfare as It Affects the Belligerents,” 402; Eugene Griffin, “Our Sea- Coast Defenses,” NAR 147 (1888), 69; [John William De Forest], “Our Military Past and Future,” AM 44 (1879), 562; Henry P. Wells, “The Defense of Our Sea- Ports,” Harper’s 71 (1885), 927; Edward F. Qualtrough, “Our Naval Necessities,” OM 13 (April 1889), 423; Tomas F. Edmands, “Is Our Nation Defenceless?” NAR 152 (1891), 381. 29. “Table- Talk,” Appletons’ 6 (September 23, 1871), 357; Griffin, “Our Sea- Coast Defenses,” 69; “Open Letters: Our National Defenses. A Suggestion,” NEM 30 (1885), 173–174; Thorold Rogers, “Causes of Commercial Depression,” PR 1 (1879), 235; John A. Kasson, “The Monroe Doctrine in 1881,” NAR 133 (1882), 529. 30. George B. McClellan, “The Army and the Militia,” Harper’s 72 (1886), 295; Kasson, “The Monroe Doctrine in 1881,” 525; Joseph Wharton, “National Self- Protection,” AM 36 (September 1875), 300. 31. “The Week,” Nation (April 18, 1889), 316; [Carl Schurz], “Mr. Blaine’s Manifesto,” Nation (February 9, 1882), 114; “Our Diplomacy,” Nation (July 11, 1889), 24; “The Week,” Nation (February 23, 1882), 156. 32. Anonymous, “The Monroe Doctrine and the Isthmian Canal,” NAR 130 (1879), 500; “Ghosts in Our Foreign Policy,” Century 23 (1882), 778; “The Week,” Nation (November 15, 1883), 403; [Carl Schurz], “A Spirited Foreign Policy,” Nation (March 9, 1882), 200. 33. Theodore S. Woolsey, Theodore Dwight Woolsey: His Early Years (New Haven, 1912), 56, Theodore Woolsey, “The Eu ro pe an Equilibrium,” PR 2 (1878), 735–736; Editorial, Galaxy 2 (1866), 581. This was an interesting way of looking at things, for civil liberty, to the extent that it depended on the absence of close and menacing neighbors, was defined at least in part as a spatial phenomenon. M. G. Upton, “Fluctuations in Defensive Warfare,” OM 6–6 (June 1871), 538. 34. “The Week,” Nation (July 20, 1882), 43; Luce, “The Benefits of War,” 672, 683; Peter T. Austen, “Our Struggle for Existence,” NAR 149 (1889), 250. 35. “Chapters on Evolution,” Nation (May 17, 1883), 432; [William James], “Herbert Spencer’s Data on Ethics,” Nation (September 11, 1879), 178; [Calvin Thomas], “The Metaphysics of Chauvinism,” Nation (July 8, 1886), 28; “Notes,” Nation (September 20, 1883), 252. For the general absence of social Darwinism in the discourse of this period, see the pathbreaking Robert C. Bannister, Social Darwinism: Science and Myth in Anglo- American Social Thought (Philadelphia: Temple University Press, 1979), esp. 226–242. 36. “Skinner’s Issues of American Politics,” NAR 117 (1873), 231; Alfred Thayer Mahan, “The United States Looking Outward,” AM 66 (December 1890), 817–818. 37. “The Week,” Nation (April 2, 1885), 271; “Why the War Has Not Been More Disastrous to Trade,” Nation (September 22, 1870), 185; “The Coast and the Navy,” Century 37 (April 1889), 952; “The Week,” Nation (June 1, 1882), 451; Soley, “The
416 Notes to Pages 313–319 Effect on American Commerce of an Anglo- Continental War,” 550, 539, 545; [Godkin], “Neutrals and Contraband,” 165; “Belligerents and Neutrals,” Nation (August 3, 1876), 70; Theodore Woolsey, “The Alabama Question,” NEYR 28 (July 1869), 619. Given the situation, Godkin at one point suggested quick intervention on behalf of one side or the other as a way of resolving the otherwise intolerable problems posed by neutrality. See [Godkin], “Neutrals and Contraband,” 165. 38. [A. G. Sedgwick], “Our Position in Case of a War,” Nation (April 25, 1878), 271; “The Coast and the Navy,” Century 37 (April 1889), 952; [Horace White], “The Uses of a Navy,” Nation (April 18, 1889), 319; “Miscellany,” Appleton’s 13 (January 30, 1875), 159. 39. S. W. Boardman, “Arbitration as a Substitute for War,” Princeton 30 (1874), 315; “The Week,” Nation (February 5, 1880), 88; “The Week,” Nation (August 24, 1882), 145. 40. Henry Cabot Lodge, “Colonialism in the United States,” AM 51 (May 1883), 626; “American Diplomacy,” AM 22 (1868), 348; “The American Diplomatic Ser v- ice,” Nation (February 27, 1868), 166; [E. L. Godkin], “Something More about Our ‘Case’,” Nation (March 21, 1872), 181. 41. T. R. Lounsbury, “The Two Locksley Halls,” Scribner’s 6 (1889), 252, 253; “The Man Versus the State,” Nation (July 9, 1885), 40. 42. [E. L. Godkin], “What the United States Does for Eu rope,” Nation (January 6, 1881), 4; Charles H. Stockton, “The Reconstruction of the U.S. Navy,” OM 16 (October 1990), 382. 43. Edward Everett Hale, “The United States of Eu rope,” Old and New, III (March 1867), 260–267, reprinted in The Great Design of Henry IV and the United States of Europe (Boston, 1909), 77–91; F. V. Greene, “Our Defenceless Coasts,” Scribner’s 1 (1887), 51; “The French Arms Investigation,” Nation (April 4, 1872), 212. 44. John Fiske, “Manifest Destiny,” Harper’s (March 1885), 578–590. On p. 581 Fiske, fearing the loss of republican purity, appeared to be leaning against an imperialist future for the United States. 45. “Editor’s Easy Chair,” Harper’s 70 (1885), 972. 46. [E. L. Godkin], “What the United States Do for Eu rope,” Nation (January 6, 1881), 5; “National Strength and National Weakness,” Century 33 (February 1887), 650; Atkinson, “The Relative Strength and Weakness of Nations,” 430; Mann, “Intellectual Basis of Civilized Peace,” 219; [W. C. Ford], “A Eu ro pe an Zollverein,” Nation (June 30, 1887), 547. 47. I am thinking here of David Noble’s The End of American History: Democracy, Capitalism, and the Meta phor of Two Worlds in Anglo- American Historical Writing 1880–1980 (Minneapolis, 1985), which argues that Americans “have thought and written as if the United States was absolutely in de pen dent, standing apart in its uniqueness from the rest of human experience” (p. 7). 48. James Anthony Froude, “En gland and Her Colonies,” PR 1 (1878), 918; “The Week,” Nation (October 16, 1890), 299. 49. George R. Parkin, “The Reor ga ni za tion of the British Empire,” Century 37 (1888), 191–192; Soley, “The Effect on American Commerce of an Anglo- Continental
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Global Dawn T h e C u lt u r a l F
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Global Dawn the cultural foundation
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To Marina and Francesca
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Ac know ledg ments I would like to
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Introduction Culture and Causality
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1 A Global Civilization As a chapte
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3 Europe I The Mirage of Republican
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Europe I 85 Percy Roberts, agreed t
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Europe I 89 high point of optimism
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Europe I 91 The resolution of the A
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Europe I 93 Thus, even when mea sur
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Europe II 113 the police.” Howeve
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Europe II 117 well become “a comm
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Europe II 119 from Mr. Mackenzie Wa
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Europe II 121 Rus sian masses only
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Europe II 123 change possible seeme
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Europe II 125 Given the low expecta
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Europe II 127 Embarrassed by this o
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Europe II 129 were permanently or e
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Europe II 135 asm of the 1820s. Now
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5 The One and the Many Race, Cultur
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The One and the Many 139 “Are we
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Beyond Orientalism 207 of mankind.
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Empire and Civilization 233 replace
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Empire and Civilization 235 velopme
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Empire and Civilization 237 critici
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Empire and Civilization 239 But...
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Empire and Civilization 241 to the
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Empire and Civilization 243 “them
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9 International Politics Americans
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International Politics 265 “trans
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International Politics 267 be succe
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International Politics 269 reviewin
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International Politics 273 forgone
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International Politics 275 Rus sia,
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International Politics 279 Afghan W
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International Politics 281 En glish
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International Politics 283 problem
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International Politics 285 powers?
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International Politics 287 was wary
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International Politics 289 suffered
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International Politics 291 to see a
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Conclusion 325 however, the legacy
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Conclusion 327 untimely demise, sti
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Conclusion 329 genic helix to the d
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338 Notes to Pages 3-6 6. Leslie Bu
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340 Notes to Pages 17-19 (Charlotte
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342 Notes to Pages 23-28 Bailey, Im
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344 Notes to Pages 33-37 32. “His
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346 Notes to Pages 41-44 Americans
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348 Notes to Pages 50-51 6. Henry H
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350 Notes to Pages 53-57 Appleton o
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358 Notes to Pages 87-90 Europe,”
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360 Notes to Pages 95-99 33. “Tab
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362 Notes to Pages 103-106 (Februar
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